TY - JOUR A1 - Stroh, Julia A1 - Schlegel, Moritz-Caspar A1 - Irassar, E.F. A1 - Meng, Birgit A1 - Emmerling, Franziska T1 - Applying high resolution SyXRD analysis on sulfate attacked concrete field samples N2 - High resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SyXRD) was applied for a microstructural profile analysis of concrete deterioration after sulfate attack. The cement matrices consist of ordinary Portland cement and different amounts of supplementary cementitious materials, such as fly ash, natural pozzolana and granulated blast furnace slag. The changes of the phase composition were determined along the direction of sulfate ingress. This approach allows the identification of reaction fronts and zones of different phase compositions and conclusions about the mechanisms of sulfate attack. Two reaction fronts were localized in the initial 4 mm from the sample surface. The mechanism of deterioration caused by the exposition in the sulfate-bearing soil is discussed. SyXRD is shown to be a reliable method for investigation of cementitious materials with aggregates embedded in natural environments. KW - X-ray diffraction (B) KW - High resolution KW - Degradation (C) KW - Sulfate attack (C) KW - Concrete (E) PY - 2014 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2014.07.015 SN - 0008-8846 SN - 1873-3948 VL - 66 SP - 19 EP - 26 PB - Pergamon Press CY - New York, NY AN - OPUS4-31253 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fontana, Patrick A1 - Pirskawetz, Stephan A1 - Weise, Frank A1 - Meng, Birgit ED - Nothnagel, R. ED - Twelmeier, H. T1 - Zwangsinduzierte Rissbildung in Hochleistungsbeton durch autogenes Schwinden N2 - In diesem Beitrag werden Untersuchungsergebnisse vorgestellt, die den Einfluss von Mikrosilica auf die Selbstaustrocknung und das damit verbundene autogene Schwinden der Bindemittelmatrix von Hochleistungsbetonen beschreiben. Die dadurch hervorgerufenen Schädigungsprozesse wurden mit Hilfe von zerstörungsfreien Prüfmethoden verfolgt. Dabei zeigte sich, dass eine durch äußeren Zwang bedingte Mikrorissbildung durch Schallemissionsanalyse detektiert werden kann. KW - Beton KW - Verformung KW - Rissbildung KW - Zusatzstoffe PY - 2013 SN - 978-3-642-29573-7 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29573-7_34 SP - 343 EP - 350 PB - Springer CY - Berlin Heidelberg AN - OPUS4-31758 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Meng, Birgit A1 - Meschke, Günther T1 - Ausmaß von Vorschädigungen, Transportprozesse in vorgeschädigtem Betongefüge T2 - AKR unter kombinierter Einwirkung CY - Weimar, Deutschland DA - 2014-10-21 PY - 2014 AN - OPUS4-31705 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Eichhorn, Michael A1 - Kühne, Hans-Carsten A1 - Meng, Birgit T1 - Performance-Verbesserung bei Betonwerksteinen durch multi-funktionelle Nano-Additive T2 - 17. Internatiole Baustofftagung "ibausil" CY - Weimar, Germany DA - 2009-09-23 PY - 2009 AN - OPUS4-19556 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Huismann, Sven A1 - Weise, Frank A1 - Meng, Birgit A1 - Schneider, U. ED - Kodur, V. ED - Franssen, J.-M. T1 - Influence of polypropylene fibres on the thermal strain of high strength concrete at high temperatures T2 - 6th International conference "Structures in fire" CY - East Lansing, Michigan, USA DA - 2010-06-02 KW - High performance concrete KW - High temperatures KW - Polypropylene fibres KW - Thermal strain KW - Acoustic emission KW - Ultrasound PY - 2010 SN - 978-1-60595-027-3 SP - 719 EP - 726 PB - DEStech Publications, Inc. CY - Lancaster, PA, USA AN - OPUS4-21563 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Urs A1 - Bürgisser, Philip A1 - Weise, Frank A1 - Meng, Birgit ED - Castro-Borges, P. ED - Moreno, E.I. ED - Sakai, K. ED - Gjorv, O.E. ED - Banthia, N. T1 - The natural pozzolana 'Rhenish trass' and its effect on ASR in concrete T2 - CONSEC’10 - 6th International conference on concrete under severe conditions - Environment and loading CY - Mérida, Yucatán, México DA - 2010-06-07 KW - AKR KW - Beton KW - Natürliche Pozzolane PY - 2010 SN - 978-0-415-59316-8 SP - 313 EP - 320 PB - Taylor & Francis AN - OPUS4-21969 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fontana, Patrick A1 - Lehmann, Christian A1 - Müller, Urs A1 - Meng, Birgit ED - Brameshuber, W. T1 - Reactivity of mineral additions in autoclaved UHPC T2 - International Conference on Material Science and 64th RILEM Annual week CY - Aachen, Germany DA - 2010-09-06 KW - UHPC KW - Autoklavierung KW - Mikrostruktur KW - Festigkeit KW - Phasenzusammensetzung KW - Forschung und Entwicklung PY - 2010 SN - 978-2-35158-110-0 VL - III IS - PRO 77 SP - 69 EP - 77 PB - RILEM Publications AN - OPUS4-21970 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herbst, Tristan A1 - Hauer, B. A1 - Rübner, Katrin A1 - Meng, Birgit T1 - Einsatzpotentzial und nachhaltige Verwertung von Hausmüllverbrennungsaschen als Gesteinskörnungen im Beton T2 - GDCh-Fachtagung Bauchemie 2009 CY - Freiberg, Deutschland DA - 2009-10-08 KW - Sekundärrohstoffe KW - Müllverbrennungsaschen KW - Sekundäre Gesteinskörnung PY - 2009 SN - 978-3-936028-61-4 VL - 41 SP - 237 EP - 240 AN - OPUS4-22951 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herbst, Tristan A1 - Hauer, B. A1 - Rübner, Katrin A1 - Meng, Birgit ED - Teipel, U. T1 - Wege zur Bewertung der Einsatzmöglichkeit sekundärer Gesteinskörnungen in Beton T2 - Symposium Rohstoffeffizienz und Rohstoffinnovationen CY - Nürnberg, Deutschland DA - 2010-02-04 KW - Gesteinskörnung KW - Beton KW - Nachhaltigkeit KW - Bewertung KW - Einsatzpotenzial PY - 2010 SN - 978-3-8396-0097-9 SP - 171 EP - 191 PB - Fraunhofer IRB Verl. AN - OPUS4-22952 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Vasilic, Ksenija A1 - Meng, Birgit A1 - Kühne, Hans-Carsten A1 - Roussel, Nicolas T1 - Computational modelling of scc flow: reinforcement network modelled as a porous medium T2 - Rheo-Iceland 2009 3rd RILEM International Symposium on Rheology of Cement Suspensions Like Fresh Concrete CY - Reykjavik, Iceland DA - 2009-08-19 PY - 2009 AN - OPUS4-19403 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jakubcová, Petra A1 - Schnell, A. A1 - Rübner, Katrin A1 - Müller, A. A1 - Meng, Birgit T1 - Nutzung von Bau- und Abbruchabfällen zur Herstellung von Recyclinggranulaten T2 - Tagung Bauchemie der GDCh-Fachgruppe Bauchemie 2010 CY - Dortmund, Deutschland DA - 2010-10-07 KW - Sekundärrohstoffe KW - Sekundäre Gesteinskörnung KW - Recycling PY - 2010 SN - 978-3-936028-65-2 VL - 42 SP - 129 EP - 136 AN - OPUS4-22444 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herbst, Tristan A1 - Rübner, Katrin A1 - Meng, Birgit ED - Teipel, U. ED - Schmidt, R. T1 - Ganzheitliche Eignungsbewertung potenzieller Recyclingbereiche für Mauerwerksbruch N2 - Unsere Industriegesellschaft ist auf den ständigen Abbau und Verbrauch von Rohstoffen und Energie angewiesen. Der Bausektor zählt dabei zu den größten Verursachern von Stoffströmen in Deutschland. Zum einen ist das Bauen mit einem hohen Bedarf an materiellen und energetischen Ressourcen sowie finanziellen Aufwendungen verbunden. Zum anderen sind nahezu 50 % des deutschen Abfallaufkommens dem Bausektor zuzurechnen, Die Beschränktheit natürlicher Ressourcen, die zunehmenden negativen Umweltauswirkungen sowie die Verteuerung und Verknappung von Deponieraum führten in den letzten Jahren zu einem Umdenken in der Bau- und Abfallwirtschaft hin zu einer Kreislaufwirtschaft. Im Sinne einer nachhaltigen Kreislaufwirtschaft sind die im Bausektor anfallenden Restmassen zukünftig möglichst einem Recycling zuzuführen. Bei der Wahl der geeigneten Recyclingoption spielen technische, ökologische und ökonomische Fragestellungen eine Rolle. Für den Bereich Mauerwerksrecycling existiert bisher keine umfassende Methodik zur ganzheitlichen Eignungsbewertung (Technik, Ökologie, Ökonomie) mit einem vertretbaren Arbeitsaufwand. Grundlegende strukturierte und strukturierende Informationen für das Recycling von Mauerwerksbruch fehlen bislang. Aus diesem Grunde wird derzeit mit dem Ziel eines möglichst hochwertigen Mauerwerksrecyclings eine umfassende und praxisorientierte Methodik entwickelt. Diese Methodik soll eine ganzheitliche Eignungsbewertung unterschiedlicher potenzieller Recyclingbereiche für Mauerwerksbruch ermöglichen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden erste Ansätze dieser Bewertungsmethode vorgestellt. T2 - 2. Symposium "Rohstoffeffizienz und Rohstoffinnovationen" CY - Nürnberg, Germany DA - 10.02.2011 PY - 2011 SN - 978-3-8396-0222-5 VL - 2 SP - 153 EP - 165 PB - Fraunhofer Verlag AN - OPUS4-23255 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ramge, Peter A1 - Kühne, Hans-Carsten A1 - Meng, Birgit T1 - Properties of repair mortars - potentials and risks of a tailor-made mixture proportioning N2 - Despite the numerous possibilities to influence the properties of repair mortars by modifications of the mixture proportioning, it is almost impossible to change an individual property without influencing other mortar properties. When optimising a mixture, it has to be decided for each individual case, which of the mortar properties needs to be treated with the highest priority. Most properties can be altered by several different measures, which may vary in effectiveness, side effects and cost efficiency. As the prevention of shrinkage induced constraining cracks is crucial for the durability and Service life of a concrete repair task, in the presented paper special attention is paid to the influences on the mortar’s shrinkage behaviour. On the basis of parameter studies it is shown, how it may be beneficial in certain cases to accept the worsening of some general properties if by this measure another property, which is essential for the individual application task, can be enhanced significantly. In general a tailor-made approach for the mixture proportioning seems beneficial but due to the complexity of the constituents’ interactions in repair mortars, it bears a high risk of unexpected malfunctions. T2 - Concrete-Workshop 'Performance-based specifications for concrete' CY - Leipzig, Germany DA - 14.06.2011 KW - Repair mortar KW - Concrete rehabilitation KW - Repair systems KW - Polymer cement mortar (PCC) KW - Sprayed polymer cement mortar (SPCC) PY - 2011 SN - 978-3-9814523-0-3 SP - 319 EP - 329 AN - OPUS4-23985 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Fontana, Patrick A1 - Müller, Urs A1 - Malaga, Katarina A1 - Lagerblad, B. A1 - Meng, Birgit T1 - Precast concrete facade elements with low embodied energy N2 - Concrete is by far the most common building material in the world. Due to its good durability it is widely used in building envelopes. One major part of the embodied energy in concrete comes from the production of Portland cement that consumes around 3,500 MJ energy per each ton of cement. Globally 2.6 billion tons of Portland cement is produced and the consumption is increasing. Since concrete will be used as main building material also in future construction, it is reasonable to develop concrete building components with lower embodied energy.Using the example of an ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) façade element, it is demonstrated how the embodied energy can be reduced by application of hydrothermal curing. T2 - ENBRI Workshop - reaching the nearly zero-energy goal for buildings CY - Boras, Sweden DA - 04.04.2011 KW - UHPC KW - Betonfertigteil KW - Fassaden KW - Autoklavierung KW - Nachhaltigkeit PY - 2011 SN - 978-91-86622-51-0 SN - 0284-5172 SP - 1 EP - 8 AN - OPUS4-23628 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Meng, Birgit T1 - Mikrostruktur und Dauerhaftigkeit zementgebundener Baustoffe T2 - 8. Münchener Baustoffseminar "Dauerhaftigkeit von Betonkonstruktionen - Von den Mechanismen zum Lebensdauermanagement" CY - München, Deutschland DA - 2008-10-10 KW - Beton KW - Gefüge KW - Zement KW - Dauerhaftigkeit PY - 2008 SP - 1 EP - 9 AN - OPUS4-18594 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Urs A1 - Gardei, André A1 - Massah, Sima A1 - Meng, Birgit T1 - Hydraulische Bindemittel KW - Bindemittel KW - Puzzolane KW - Hydraulisch KW - Beton KW - Denkmalpflege PY - 2008 SN - 978-3-86568-451-6 N1 - Serientitel: Berichte zu Forschung und Praxis der Denkmalpflege in Deutschland – Series title: Berichte zu Forschung und Praxis der Denkmalpflege in Deutschland IS - 16 SP - 9 EP - 21 PB - Michael Imhof AN - OPUS4-19087 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bürgisser, Philip A1 - Müller, Urs A1 - Meng, Birgit A1 - Abart, R. ED - Leon Black, ED - Phil Purnell, T1 - Influence of natural pozzolans of mechansims of the alkali silica reaction (ASR) in concrete T2 - 29th Cement and concrete science conference CY - Leeds, UK DA - 2009-09-07 KW - AKR KW - Natürliche puzzolanische Zusatzstoffe KW - C-S-H Phasen PY - 2009 SN - 978-0-85316-281-0 SP - 143 EP - 146 AN - OPUS4-20249 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bürgisser, Philip A1 - Müller, Urs A1 - Meng, Birgit A1 - Abart, R. ED - Stark, J. T1 - Der Einfluss von natürlichen Puzzolanen vulkanischen Ursprungs auf die Alkali-Kieselsäurereaktion (AKR) im Beton T2 - 17. Ibausil - Internationale Baustofftagung CY - Weimar, Germany DA - 2009-09-23 KW - AKR KW - Natürliche puzzolanische Zusatzstoffe KW - C-S-H Phasen PY - 2009 SN - 978-3-00-027265-3 VL - 2 SP - 2-0687 - 2-0692 CY - Weimar AN - OPUS4-20298 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herbst, Tristan A1 - Hauer, B. A1 - Rübner, Katrin A1 - Meng, Birgit ED - Stark, J. T1 - Nachhaltiges Bauen mit Beton - Einsatz sekundärer Gesteinskörnungen T2 - 17. Ibausil - Internationale Baustofftagung CY - Weimar, Germany DA - 2009-09-23 KW - Sekundärrohstoffe KW - Müllverbrennungsaschen KW - Sekundäre Gesteinskörnung PY - 2009 SN - 978-3-00-027265-3 VL - 2 SP - 2-1273 - 2-1278 CY - Weimar AN - OPUS4-20299 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ramge, Peter A1 - Kühne, Hans-Carsten A1 - Meng, Birgit ED - Stark, J. T1 - Betoninstandsetzung mit modular zusammengesetzten PCC- und SPCC-Mörteln T2 - 17. Ibausil - Internationale Baustofftagung CY - Weimar, Germany DA - 2009-09-23 KW - Betoninstandsetzung KW - Instandsetzungsmörtel KW - Modulare Systeme KW - SPCC KW - PCC PY - 2009 SN - 978-3-00-027265-3 VL - 2 SP - 2-0151 - 2-0156 CY - Weimar AN - OPUS4-20301 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meng, Birgit A1 - Kühne, Hans-Carsten A1 - Eichhorn, Michael ED - Stark, J. T1 - Performance-Verbesserung bei Betonwerksteinen durch multi-funktionale Nano-Additive T2 - 17. Ibausil - Internationale Baustofftagung CY - Weimar, Germany DA - 2009-09-23 PY - 2009 SN - 978-3-00-027265-3 VL - 2 SP - 2-0675 - 2-0680 CY - Weimar AN - OPUS4-20302 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kargol, Marta A1 - Müller, Urs A1 - Gardei, André A1 - Meng, Birgit T1 - Influence of blended cements on the performance of water repellent agents N2 - Ingress of moisture and harmful ions (e.g. Chloride, sulfate) into cementitious materials is one of the major factors in defining their durability. Modifications of building materials by targeted deposition of surface functional agents that make the surface hydro- and/or oleophobic aim to minimize moisture and ion ingress, and thus extend Service life of the cement based structures. Water repellent and easy-to-clean coatings for inorganic Substrates have gained strong attention during the last few years and various formulations based on silicones or alkylpolysiloxanes have been developed. Cementitious building materials are highly complex Systems with many components and changing properties in the course of a building’s Service life. The interactions between the Chemical agents and the cement based materials depend on many factors. The Chemical properties of the material Substrate appear to be the most important but in the context of their influence on the functionality of silanes and/or siloxanes these characteristics have not been well understood yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different blended cements on water repellent agents’ performance. Two organosilicon compounds were applied on fresh blended cements containing limestone (L), fly ash (F), slag (S) and trass (T), and investigated in terms of their functionality. The surface properties of functionalized blended cements were studied based on wettability, i.e. contact angle measurements, before and after exposure to artificial and natural weathering. The first results indicate that slag and trass more distinctly affect the water repellent Surface performance after aging. T2 - Hydrophobe VI - 6th International conference on water repellent treatment of building materials CY - Rome, Italy DA - 12.05.2011 KW - Hydrophobic surfaces KW - Wettability KW - Impregnation KW - Blended cement KW - Silanes PY - 2011 SN - 978-3-931681-99-9 SP - 23 EP - 32 PB - Aedificatio Publishers AN - OPUS4-23681 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stroh, Julia A1 - Meng, Birgit A1 - Emmerling, Franziska T1 - Monitoring of sulphate attack on hardened cement paste studied by synchrotron XRD N2 - The complex matter of external sulphate attack on cement-based construction materials is still not completely understood. The concentration of sulphate is a crucial factor for the formation of secondary phases and phase transitions of cement hydrates due to sulphate ingress into the microstructure. The sulphate attack on building materials for high and low sulphate concentrations was monitored by laboratory experiments. Hardened cement paste consisting of ordinary Portland cement (CEM I) were exposed to aqueous solutions of sodium sulphate for 18 months. Three sample compositions were used for this research, including different supplementary cementitious materials (SCM). The phase composition was determined for different time spans by high resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction. Cross sections of exposed cement prisms were investigated as a representation of the microstructural profile. Based on the data, a temporal and spatial determination of the stages of the sulphate attack and the deterioration course was possible. Cement matrices blended with slag showed the highest resistance against sulphate attack. KW - Cement paste KW - Sulphate attack KW - Mineral additions KW - Concentration KW - Monitoring PY - 2015 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2015.08.006 SN - 1293-2558 SN - 1873-3085 VL - 48 SP - 278 EP - 285 PB - Elsevier Masson SAS CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-34281 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weise, Frank A1 - Voland, Katja A1 - Meng, Birgit ED - Ludwig, H.-M. T1 - AKR unter kombinierten Einwirkungen - Rissbildungs- und Transportmechanismen N2 - ln den letzten Jahren sind im deutschen Bundesautobahnnetz verstärkt Schäden an Betonfahrbahndecken aufgetreten, die mit einer Alkali-Kieselsäure-Reaktion (AKR) in Verbindung gebracht werden. Die damit einhergehende oft drastische Reduzierung der Nutzungsdauer der Betonfahrbahndecke führte zu einer starken Intensivierung der Forschung auf diesem Gebiet. Zentraler Forschungsgegenstand war bisher neben der Suche nach geeigneten präventiven betontechnologischen Maßnahmen vor allem die Entwicklung performanceorientierter Prüfverfahren zur AKR-Prävention. Dabei wurden insbesondere die klimatischen Einwirkungen auf die Betonfahrbahndecke und der externe Alkalieintrag zeitraffend simuliert. Die zusätzlich interagierenden mechanischen Einwirkungen aus dem Verkehr fanden bisher keine Berücksichtigung. Vor diesem Hintergrund verfolgt die 2011 eingerichtete und 2015 um weitere drei Jahre verlängerte DFG-Forschergruppe 1498 u. a. das Ziel, den Einfluss einer mechanisch induzierten Vorschädigung (Ermüdungsbeanspruchung) auf den AKR-Schädigungsprozess zu klären. Die hierfür erforderliche Beschreibung der vielfältigen interagierenden Schädigungs- und Transportprozesse erfordert eine enge Verknüpfung von Experimenten mit einer mehrskaligen Modellierung. Die experimentelle Basis bildet die mechanische Vorschädigung (Ermüdung) großformatiger Balken aus einem Fahrbahndeckenbeton mit einem erhöhten AKR-Schädigungspotenzial. Aus diesen Balken werden nach der Ermüdungsbeanspruchung kleinformatige Probekörper gewonnen, an denen die Auswirkungen der mechanischen Vorschädigung auf das Betongefüge und die interagierenden Transport- und Schädigungsprozesse analysiert werden. Das Teilprojekt der SAM hat in diesem Kontext die Aufgabe, ganzheitlich die Rissbildungsprozesse und den interagierenden Eintrag bzw. Auslaugung der Alkalien von der mechanisch induzierten Vorschädigung bis zum AKR-Schädigungsprozess in enger Abstimmung mit den Forschungspartnern zu untersuchen. Den Schwerpunkt dieses Beitrags bildet die Charakterisierung der Rissbildungsprozesse durch die mechanische Vorschädigung und ihrer Auswirkungen auf die interagierenden Transportprozesse. Das schließt die Vorstellung der hierfür angewandten innovative Prüftechniken und Prüfmethodologien ein. T2 - 19. Ibausil - Internationale Baustofftagung CY - Weimar, Germany DA - 16.09.2015 KW - Betonfahrdecke KW - Ermüdung KW - Transportprozess KW - Ultraschall KW - Schallemissionsanalyse KW - Computertomografie KW - Laser-induced breakldown spectroscopy PY - 2015 SN - 978-3-00-050225-5 VL - 1 SP - 1 - 1461 EP - 1 - 1471 AN - OPUS4-34864 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Selleng, Christian A1 - Fontana, Patrick A1 - Meng, Birgit ED - Ludwig, H.-M. T1 - Einfluss der Dauer der hydrothermalen Behandlung auf Festigkeit und Phasenbestand von UHPC N2 - Ultrahochleistungsbeton (UHPC) zeichnet sich durch eine enorme hohe Druckfestigkeit von über 150MPa aus, während er gleichzeitig eine hohe Dichtheit besitzt. Im Schwerpunktprogramm SPP 1182 der DFG sind umfangreiche Untersuchungen zu verschiedensten Aspekten des UHPC durchgeführt worden, sodass die Voraussetzungen für eine breite Anwendung gegeben sind. T2 - 19. Ibausil - Internationale Baustofftagung CY - Weimar, Germany DA - 16.09.2015 PY - 2015 SN - 978-3-00-050225-5 VL - 1 SP - 12-02, 1-521 - 1-528 AN - OPUS4-34866 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Lehmann, C. A1 - Meng, Birgit A1 - Nemecek, J. ED - Ludwig, H.-M. T1 - Investigations on the process of autoclaving ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) N2 - Concrete technology results more and more in the development of materiale with enhanced properties, such as high strength, higher durability and increased ecological compatibility. One exceptional example is Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC). Its advantages are very high compressive strength and an improved durability, caused by their dense micro structure. Curing under water vapor Saturation pressure (autoclaving) can improve these properties by affecting the micro structure and better the mechanical properties of UHPC. Autoclaving leads to an enhanced cement hydration and accelerated reaction rate of supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) and mineral additions, Used at the production of aerated autoclaved concrete (AAC) and sand-lime bricks, the process of autoclaving is well known, especially in highly porous Systems. One well known requirement to autoclave effectively is a porosity of at least 10%. There is no sufficient heat transfer and also not enough water available if the porosity is lower, Nevertheless, autoclaving also works in the dense structure of UHPC with porosities lower than 2%, as former investigations have shown. There is only a visible difference between the outer parts of the samples compared to their core. Investigations on the chemistry, the micro structure as well as the mechanical properties where performed to find an explanation to this effect and to explain the functionality of autoclaving UHPC in spite of the low porosity. T2 - 19. Ibausil - Internationale Baustofftagung CY - Weimar, Germany DA - 16.09.2015 PY - 2015 SN - 978-3-00-050225-5 VL - 2 SP - P2.15, 2-1039 EP - 2-1044 AN - OPUS4-34872 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Przondziono, R. A1 - Timothy, J.J. A1 - Nguyen, M. A1 - Weise, Frank A1 - Breitenbücher, R. A1 - Meschke, G. A1 - Meng, Birgit T1 - Vorschädigungen in Beton infolge zyklischer Beanspruchungen und deren Auswirkung auf Transportprozesse im Hinblick auf eine schädigende AKR N2 - Auf Grundlage der Zielsetzung der Forschergruppe 1498 beschäftigt sich dieser Beitrag mit den Auswirkungen einer zyklischen mechanischen Belastung im Vierpunktbiegeversuch auf das Transportverhalten in Betongefüge. Hierzu wurde zunächst die Degradation des Mikrogefüges mittels Ultraschallmessungen sowie rissmikroskopischen Untersuchungen an Dünnschliffen charakterisiert. Mit dem Ziel der numerischen Modellbildung wurden Untersuchungen zum Wassereindringverhalten durchgeführt. Es wurden u. a. das Wassereindringverhalten über die Zeit und der Einfluss von Vorschädigungen experimentell geprüft. Basierend auf den gewonnenen Erkenntnissen zu den Einzelprozessen des Ionentransports in poröses Gefüge wurde ein mikromechanisches Mehrskalenmodell entwickelt, welches es ermöglicht, die Wirkung der Vorschädigung auf gekoppelte Feuchte- und Ionentransportprozesse vorherzusagen. Das Modell berücksichtigt die Topologie und räumliche Verteilung der Mikrorisse und deren Einfluss auf die Ionendiffusivität. Die numerische Simulation liefert bei anisotroper Verteilung der Mikrorisse eine erhöhte Alkali-Eindringtiefe. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- According to the goals of the research group 1498, this paper deals with the effects of cyclic flexural loading in a four-point bending test on the fluid transport processes within a concrete structure. Therefore, the degradation of the microstructure is characterized through ultrasonic wave measurements as well as microscopic crack analysis. In order to numerically model these processes, experiments on the penetration behavior of water into the concrete were carried out. The penetration behavior over time as well as the influence of degradation on the water transport were investigated. To predict the influence of concrete degradation on alkali diffusivity, a multi-scale continuum micromechanics model is incorporated into the numerical model, which accounts for the topology and the three-dimensional distribution of microcracks. As expected, the numerical simulation predicts larger alkali-penetration in pre-damaged concrete. Regarding the micro-crack distribution, an anisotropic distribution of micro-cracks tangential to the direction of the alkali and water flux increases their penetration depth. KW - Alkali-Kieselsäure-Reaktion KW - Baustoffe KW - Degradation KW - Ionentransport KW - Mikromechanik KW - Modellierung KW - Straßenbeton KW - Transportprozesse KW - Vorschädigung KW - zyklische Belastung KW - Korrosion KW - Versuche KW - Fahrbahn KW - Cyclic loading KW - Transport process KW - Schädigende AKR KW - ASR damage PY - 2015 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/best.201400095 SN - 0005-9900 SN - 1437-1006 VL - 110 IS - 1 SP - 3 EP - 12 PB - Ernst CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-33039 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Herbst, Tristan A1 - Meng, Birgit T1 - Concept for a holistic sustainability assessment of the end-of-life phase of masonry N2 - In Germany, a quantity of more than 10 million metric tons of masonry rubble is generated per year. With regard to a sustainable closed substance cycle waste management, these rest masses have to be recovered if possible. The end-of-life (EOL) phase of masonry includes the planning steps of demolition, processing and application. The choice of the most sustainable solution raises questions regarding material technology, plant engineering, economic efficiency and ecological issues. For this purpose, a methodological concept for a holistic assessment of the EOL phase of masonry is developed within the scope of a doctoral thesis. For the assessment the Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA) is adapted. The assessment concept enables a holistic comparison of different EOL scenarios for masonry while integrating all planning steps. It combines Material Flow Analysis (MFA), Life Cycle Analysis (LCA), Life Cycle Working Environment (LCWE), economic evaluation methods and material testing. In future, various scenarios can be evaluated with regard to the goals of the European and German waste management industry. KW - sustainability KW - end-of-life phase KW - masonry PY - 2016 DO - https://doi.org/10.1144/SP416.5 SN - 0375-6440 SN - 0305-8719 SN - 2041-4927 VL - 416 IS - 1 SP - 47 EP - 57 CY - London AN - OPUS4-33166 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Werner, Daniel A1 - Gardei, André A1 - Simon, Sebastian A1 - Meng, Birgit T1 - Microscopic investigation of building materials affected by alkali-silica reaction N2 - Concrete is the most applied building material in modern times. It is present in all kinds of structures and no other material secms to rcplace concrete as the most selected building material in the near future. The prime advantages are the high performance, the easy production and a facile processability. The sustainability and durability are important requirements to concrete. Even if concrete is significantly less susceptible against factors promoting a damage, compared to other materials, there are still mechanisms affecting it. In particular, high-ways and hydraulic structures made of concrete worldwide show cases of alkali-silica reaction (ASR) damages. This article refers to experience at BAM Federal InstituteforMaterials Research and Testing for several decades to ASR research and darnage assessment. ASR is a severe darnage mechanism that can occur in concrete, when certain conditions related to composition and cxposition arise in a critical combination. The chemical reaction is based on the alkalis and the silica in the concrete and was first identified by Stanton in highway structures in California (Stanton, 1940). Actually three components are needed to initiate ASR: alkali-sensitive siliceous aggregates, alkalis coming from internal (cement or other components) or external sources (de-icing salt or sea water) and water. If all of these components are sufficiently present an alkali-silica gel could be formed (Hobbs, 1988). This gel itself needs additional space when it is formed. Furthermore it is able to swell in the presence of humidity, both processes generating an expansion pressure inside the concrete. As a consequence of intensive expansion, cracks can occur, which significantly lowers thc strength of the material. Parameters like amount and chemical composition of the gel as weil as the pattern and width of cracks can help to classify the ASR darnage (Swamy, 1992). The objective of this article is to demoostrate the microscopic work on ASR affected concrete samples, carried out to assess the damaging process or to evaluate various alkali-sensitive aggregates. It will explain the approach of ASR investigation from the macroscale to microscale, starting briefly with the condition assessment, over treatment and investigations of samples in the laboratory, to the use of different microscopical and analytical techniques. In the main part the characteristic features for identifying ASR in concrete are presented by using microscopic images. Especially the emphasis lies on the role of the aggregate. T2 - 15th Euroseminar on microscopy applied to building materials CY - Delft, The Netherlands DA - 17.06.2015 KW - Alkali-silica reaction KW - Concrete KW - Damage analysis KW - Materials characterisation KW - Preparation of thin sections PY - 2015 SN - 978-94-6186-480-2 SP - 1 EP - 11 AN - OPUS4-33791 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Selleng, Christian A1 - Meng, Birgit A1 - Gröger, K. A1 - Fontana, Patrick T1 - Einflussgrößen auf die Wirksamkeit einer Wärmebehandlung von Ultrahochfestem Beton (UHFB) T1 - Influencing factors for the effectivity of heat treatment of ultrahigh performance concrete (UHPC) N2 - Mittels Wärmebehandlung lassen sich die hervorragenden Eigenschaften von UHFB nochmals verbessern. Die für eine optimale Umsetzung relevanten Randbedingungen werden aktuell in der Fachwelt diskutiert. In dieser Veröffentlichung werden die Ergebnisse eines Forschungsprojekts vorgestellt, das die Wirkung verschiedener Einflussgrößen bei der Wärmebehandlung auf die Eigenschaften von UHFB zum Thema hatte. Dabei wurden die Art des Schutzes gegen das Austrocknen, die Vorlagerungszeit und die Haltezeit variiert. Um die zugrunde liegenden Prozesse zu verstehen, wurde der Phasenbestand mittels Röntgendiffraktometrie untersucht. Die höchsten Druckfestigkeiten des UHFB ließen sich bei einer Wärmebehandlung mit Wasserlagerung erzielen, da hierbei eine weitere Hydratation begünstigt wird. Vergleichsweise niedriger waren die Steigerungen bei einer Behandlung mit Schutz vor Austrocknung, während eine ungeschützte Behandlung zu deutlich geringeren Festigkeiten führte. Die Vorlagerungszeit beträgt im Idealfall einige Tage, um die Ausbildung eines offenbar günstigen Ausgangsgefüges sicherzustellen. Die Haltezeit sollte möglichst ausgedehnt sein, weil die Hydratation entsprechend lange gefördert wird. Im oberflächennahen Bereich war unter bestimmten Bedingungen eine Zonierung zu beobachten, deren Ursachen und Folgen, insbesondere in Bezug auf die Dauerhaftigkeit, weitere Forschung erfordern. KW - Ultra-Hochleistungsbeton KW - Wärmebehandlung KW - Behandlungsparameter KW - Vorlagerungszeit KW - Haltezeit KW - Festigkeitssteigerung KW - Zonierung KW - Ettringit PY - 2017 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/best.201600059 SN - 0005-9900 VL - 112 IS - 1 SP - 12 EP - 21 PB - Ernst & Sohn AN - OPUS4-39171 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Voland, K. A1 - Weise, Frank A1 - Meng, Birgit T1 - Alkali-silica reaction in concrete pavements N2 - A significant number of German concrete motorway pavements have shown damage only a few years after construction. The alkali-silica-reaction (ASR) is often one of the reasons for this damage. German guidelines and regulations focus on the optimisation of the concrete composition to avoid damage due to ASR. Moreover, diverse research projects have dealt with the development and optimisation of ASR performance test methods with and without external alkali supply. However, the influence of other parameters on the occurrence and intensity of a damaging ASR had not yet been taken into account. Such parameters include, e.g., insufficient curing and the modifications of concrete’s porosity due to the use of slip form pavers. Likewise, the increased traffic loading had not yet been considered. The Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) assesses these parameters and processes in a number of projects. These projects aim primarily to increase the durability of the concrete pavements, in particular by improving preventive measures that may be taken before or after the construction of concrete pavements. This paper gives a short overview of BAM’s projects concerning ASR in concrete pavements. Furthermore, results regarding the influence of the cyclic traffic loading on ASR are presented. T2 - 8th International conference on concrete under severe conditions - environment and loading (ConSec) CY - Lecco, Italy DA - 13.09.2016 KW - Alkali-silica-reaction KW - ASR KW - Concrete pavements KW - Durability KW - Concrete's porosity KW - Cyclic traffic loading and mechanical pre-damage PY - 2016 DO - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.711.714 SN - 1662-9795 VL - 711 SP - 714 EP - 721 PB - Trans Tech Publications CY - Switzerland AN - OPUS4-39106 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meng, Birgit A1 - Weise, Frank A1 - Voland, K. A1 - Krütt, Enno T1 - Ermüdungsbedingte Degradation und ihre Auswirkungen auf den Stofftransport in Fahrbahndeckenbeton N2 - Im Rahmen des Beitrags soll aufgezeigt werden, welchen Einfluss eine mechanisch induzierte Vorschädigung (Ermüdungsbeanspruchung) auf den Ablauf und die Intensität des AKR-Schädigungsprozesses hat. Dies erfordert eine ausführliche Beschreibung der vielfältigen interagierenden Schädigungs- und Transportprozesse und aufbauend eine enge Verknüpfung von Experimenten mit einer mehrskaligen Modellierung. Die experimentelle Basis bildete die mechanische Vorschädigung (Ermüdungsbeansprochung) großformatiger Balken aus einem Fahrbahndeckenbeton bei Einsatz alkaliempfindlicher Gesteinskörnungen. Aus diesen großformatigen Balken wurden nach erfolgter Ermüdungsbeanspruchung kleinformatige Probekörper gewonnen. An diesen wurde detailliert untersucht wie sich die mechanische Vorschädigung auf das Betongefüge und die daraus resultierenden Transport- und Schädigungsprozesse auswirkt. Von der mechanisch induzierten Vorschädigung bis zum AKR Schädigungsprozess sollten in diesem Kontext die Rissbildungsprozesse und der interagierende Eintrag bzw. die Auslaugung der Alkalien ganzheitlich betrachtet werden. Der Beitrag fokussiert auf die Charakterisierung der infolge der mechanischen Vorschädigung induzierten Rissbildungsprozesse. Ferner wird detailliert auf die Auswirkungen der mechanischen Rissbildung auf den Stofftransport eingegangen. KW - Baustoffe KW - Beton KW - Dauerhaftigkeit KW - Ermüdung KW - Alkali-Kieselsäure-Reaktion KW - AKR PY - 2017 SN - 978-3-00-056692-9 SP - 416 EP - 427 CY - Bochum AN - OPUS4-42970 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiens, U. A1 - Meng, Birgit T1 - Zur Eignung von Hochleistungsbetonen bei chemischem Angriff N2 - Ende der 1990er-Jahre beauftragte die Philipp Holzmann AG das Institut für Bauforschung der RWTH Aachen (ibac) mit der Durchführung von Untersuchungen zur Eignung von Hochleitsungsbetonen bei chemischem Angriff. Im Rahmen des Forschungsvorhabens sollte geprüft werden, inwieweit die Möglichkeit besteht, durch betontechnische Maßnahmen die Widerstandsfähigkeit des Betons zu erhöhen, wodurch evtl. erforderliche Schutzmaßnahmen entfallen können. Aus diesem Grund wurden Hochleistungsbetone mit sehr niedrigen Wasserbindemittelwerten unter Verwendung von anorganischen (Silicastaub und Steinkohlenflugasche) und organischen (Polymerdispersion auf Basis von Styrolacrylat) Betonzusatzstoffen hergestellt, in verschiedenen betonangreifende Medien (5%ige Ammoniumnitratlösung, Essigsäure (pH 3,5), sowie Müll-, Klärwasser und Sulfatläsung) eingelagert und das Ausmaß der Schädigung ermittelt. Der Beitrag fasst die bisher noch nicht veröffentlichten Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchungen zusammen. KW - Baustoffe KW - Beton KW - Dauerhaftigkeit KW - Chemischer Angriff PY - 2017 SN - 978-3-00-056692-9 SP - 458 EP - 472 CY - Bochum AN - OPUS4-42971 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Stelzner, Ludwig A1 - Powierza, Bartosz A1 - Weise, Frank A1 - Oesch, Tyler A1 - Dlugosch, R. A1 - Meng, Birgit T1 - Analysis of moisture transport in unilateral-heated dense high-strength concrete N2 - Unilateral thermal exposure of concrete building components induces moisture transport processes that have a significant influence on the spalling behaviour of dense high-strength concrete (HSC). These transport processes are based on evaporation and condensation mechanisms of liquid and gaseous water in the pores as well as the chemically bound water within the concrete. The low permeability of HSC and the formation of a saturated zone within building components (also known as a moisture clog) leads to high water-vapour pressures, which contributes to explosive spalling. The formation of these pressures has already been verified by means of pore-pressure measurement techniques. In addition, the redistribution of the moisture within concrete specimens subject to unilateral thermal exposure has been demonstrated on fractured surfaces. Investigations by means of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry technique and neutron radiography have shown one-dimensional changes in moisture distribution during thermal exposure. However, none of these methods has been able to depict the moisture distribution in three dimensions (3D), so the link between pore size, concrete micro-structure and moisture content is missing. The research project presented in this paper aims to fill this gap by developing a new multi-level test methodology to characterise non-destructively the temporal course of spatial moisture distribution during unilateral thermal exposure. The procedure used during this programme included the collection of X-ray 3D-computed tomography (CT) measurements using a miniaturised specimen subjected to in-situ thermal exposure and the comparison of those CT results with the results of one-dimensional NMR-relaxometry before and after the heating process. In the first step, a mobile heating device was developed, built and tested. To simulate a unilaterally-heated construction component, a cylindrical specimen made of HSC (Ø = 40 mm, L = 100 mm) was cast into an impermeable glass ceramic shell. The ceramic shell ensured a one-dimensional moisture flux and limited the thermal expansion of the concrete. An additional high-temperature wool (HTW) insulating shell ensured a one-dimensional heat flux. The heating device, which operated using infrared radiation (IR), allowed the unilateral heating of the specimens up to 300 °C using variable heating regimes. In the second step, the mobile heating device was integrated into the CT-scanner, which enabled the collection of measurements before, during and after heating. By subtraction of successive 3D-CT images, X-ray attenuation differences could be resolved three-dimensionally in the specimen and interpreted as changes in the moisture content. Initial results show that this test methodology can monitor the 3D changes of moisture content inside the specimen during thermal exposure. It enables the researcher to visualise areas with moisture accumulation as well as dehydrated areas inside the specimen. Comparative one-dimensional NMR-relaxometry measurements confirm the results of the CT image analysis. T2 - 5th International Workshop on Concrete Spalling due to Fire Exposure CY - Boras, Sweden DA - 12.10.2017 KW - Spalling KW - Fire KW - Moisture clog KW - Moisture transport KW - HPC KW - HSC KW - X-ray CT KW - NMR KW - NDT PY - 2017 SN - 0284-5172 SP - 227 EP - 239 AN - OPUS4-42983 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wallau, Wilma A1 - Pirskawetz, Stephan A1 - Voland, K. A1 - Weise, Frank A1 - Meng, Birgit ED - De Schutter, G. ED - De Belie, N. ED - Janssens, A. ED - Van Den Bossche, N. T1 - Online monitoring of the expansion of alkali-silica reaction affected concrete prisms implemented to the accelerated concrete prism test at 60 °C N2 - The accelerated concrete prism test (ACPT-60 °C) facilitates testing of alkali-silica reactivity of aggregates within five months. Manual measurement is usually conducted to determine expansion of test specimen every 28 days. This conventional procedure gives only limited insight to expansion behaviour of ASR-affected prisms. Due to the large time intervals, expansion exceeding the critical value of 0.3 mm/m is likely to be noticed late. Continuous recording resolves this problem and delivers beneficial information on the shape of the expansion curve. Displacement transducers integrated into a special testing equipment developed at BAM put continuous measurement into practice. Additionally, ultrasonic velocity and acoustic emissions are measured in-situ and provide deeper insights into hydration and crack formation processes during the test. Aiming for an automated testing method close to the German guideline, the following technical and methodical challenges arise. Changing of the vertical orientation of the prisms with every manual measurement as standardised cannot be implemented. Furthermore, preliminary results already proved true that cooling and heating cycles, as necessarily associated with each manual measurement, can evoke additional expansion. Therefore, interrupted and continuously measured expansions reveal systematic differences, indicating the necessity to adjust the threshold expansion value for automated testing. Results presented in the paper: Different types of reactive aggregate have been tested applying continuous and manual expansion measurement to the concrete specimens. Development of continuously measured ultrasonic velocity and acoustic emissions of the aggregates tested diverge significantly while the expansion curves vary in shape and maximum strain. Prisms produced from a slowly reacting aggregate do not exhibit noticeable crack formation. It shows that comprehensive measuring helps describing and distinguishing ASR-damage mechanisms. Models of ASR-induced expansion, available in the open literature, so far are validated with discontinuous data hardly tracing the modelled curve. Continuous measurement improves validation and further model development. T2 - XIV DBMC - 14th International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components CY - Gent, Belgium DA - 29.05.2017 KW - Alkali-silica reaction KW - Accelerated concrete prism test KW - Continuous monitoring KW - Expansion modelling PY - 2017 SN - 978-2-35158-159-9 VL - PRO 107 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - RILEM Publications S.A.R.L. AN - OPUS4-40499 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Meng, Birgit A1 - Selleng, Christian A1 - Fontana, Patrick A1 - Simon, Sebastian T1 - Possibilities for improving the properties of UHPC by means of thermal treatment N2 - A further improvement of the excellent properties of UHPC can be realized with thermal Treatment. Like for normal concrete, it accelerates the hardening and prevents shrinkage after the treatment. Additionally, an increase in strength can be achieved. Aim of this study was the optimisation of the thermal Treatment conditions of UHPC for very different Treatment methods; heat Treatment at 90 °C for unprotected and sealed samples, hot water bath at 90 °C and hydrothermal Treatment at 185 °C/1.1 MPa. The pre-storage time and the dwell time were systematically varied for each method to gain a higher strength. The compressive strength depends on the manner of Treatment at which higher water accessibility leads to higher strengths. The Phase composition changes considerably with different Treatment tempereatures. Finally, it can activate unhydrated binder components forming additional C-S-H, leading to higher strength. T2 - International Symposium on Ultra-High Perfomance Fibre-Reinforced Concrete UHPFRC 2017 CY - Montpellier, France DA - 02.10.2017 KW - Building Materials KW - Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) KW - Heat treatment KW - Autoclaving KW - X-ray diffraction (XRD) PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-42570 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Giebson, C. A1 - Voland, K. A1 - Ludwig, H.-M. A1 - Meng, Birgit T1 - Alkali-silica reaction performance testing of concrete considering external alkalis and preexisting microcrack N2 - In concrete elements, simultaneously subjected to cyclic loadings and external alkalis, the risk for damage caused by or under participation of an alkali-silica reaction (ASR) is particularly high. This is of particular concern for concrete pavements due to the increasing heavy vehicle traffic and the application of sodium chloride (NaCl) de-icer during winter. Since 2004, the climate simulation concrete prism test (CS-CPT) has been used successfully to evaluate job mixtures for pavements by considering the impact of alkali-containing de-icers. However, the role of mechanical predamage on ASR is largely unclear. In a joint research project, the CS-CPT has been used to investigate the influence of preexisting microcracks on ASR. It was evident that an ASR initiated earlier in the predamaged concrete prisms due to the more rapid ingress of NaCl solution through the microcracks. KW - Alkali-silica reaction KW - Climate simulation concrete prism test KW - External alkalis KW - Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy KW - Microcracks KW - Pavement concrete PY - 2017 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.201600173 SN - 1464-4177 SN - 1751-7648 VL - 18 IS - 4 SP - 528 EP - 538 PB - Ernst & Sohn AN - OPUS4-42574 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Selleng, Christian A1 - Simon, Sebastian A1 - Fontana, Patrick A1 - Meng, Birgit T1 - Possibilities for improving the properties of UHPC by means of thermal treatment N2 - A further improvement of the excellent properties of UHPC can be realized with thermal Treatment. Like for normal concrete, it accelerates the hardening and prevents shrinkage after the treatment. Additionally, an increase in strength can be achieved. Aim of this study was the optimisation of the thermal Treatment conditions of UHPC for very different Treatment methods; heat Treatment at 90 °C for unprotected and sealed samples, hot water bath at 90 °C and hydrothermal Treatment at 185 °C/1.1 MPa. The pre-storage time and the dwell time were systematically varied for each method to gain a higher strength. The compressive strength depends on the manner of Treatment at which higher water accessibility leads to higher strengths. The Phase composition changes considerably with different Treatment tempereatures. Finally, it can activate unhydrated binder components forming additional C-S-H, leading to higher strength. T2 - International Symposium on Ultra-High Performance Fibre-Reinforced Concrete UHPFRC 2017 CY - Montpellier, France DA - 02.10.2017 KW - Building Materials KW - Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) KW - heat treatment KW - autoclaving KW - X-ray diffraction (XRD) PY - 2017 SN - 978-2-35158-166-7 VL - PRO 106 SP - 83 EP - 92 PB - RILEM Publications SARL CY - Paris, France AN - OPUS4-42569 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schraut, Katharina A1 - Adamczyk, Burkart A1 - Simon, Sebastian A1 - von Werder, Julia A1 - Meng, Birgit A1 - Stephan, D. A. A1 - Adam, Christian T1 - Zementklinker durch Nachbehandlung von Stahlwerksschlacken N2 - Die Klinkerphasenbildung durch Sinterung in Drehrohröfen bei der Herstellung von Portlandzementklinker (PZK) ist gründlich erforscht und optimiert. Im Hinblick auf mögliche ökonomische und ökologische Vorteile befassen sich aktuelle Forschungsvorhaben darüber hinaus mit der Herstellung von Klinkermineralen aus Stahlwerksschlacken, die eine vergleichbare chemische Zusammensetzung aufweisen. Neuste Untersuchungen zeigen, dass nach der reduzierenden Behandlung schmelzflüssiger Linz-Donawitz-(LD)-Schlacken und Abscheidung des gebildeten metallischen Eisens eine mineralische Schlacke entsteht, die unabhängig von ihren Abkühlbedingungen ca. 50–60 Gew.% des wichtigsten Klinkerminerals Alit (C3S) enthält und eine hohe hydraulische Reaktivität aufweist. Die Stabilität des Alits auch nach langsamer Abkühlung deutet auf eine Stabilisierung des Minerals durch Nebenelemente aus den LD-Schlacken hin. Ein sinkender Anteil an LD-Schlacke durch Zusatz synthetischer Schlackemischung, die sich hinsichtlich ihrer Hauptkomponenten wie eine ausreduzierte LD-Schlacke zusammensetzt, führt zu einem Rückgang des Alitgehaltes und dem Zerfall der Schlacke beim Erstarren. T2 - 5. Schlacken-Symposium CY - Meitingen, Germany DA - 25.10.2018 KW - LD-Schlacke KW - Zement KW - Tricalciumsilikat PY - 2018 SP - 219 EP - 229 PB - Max Aicher Unternehmensgruppe AN - OPUS4-46412 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - von Werder, Julia A1 - Simon, Sebastian A1 - Lehmann, C. A1 - Selleng, C. A1 - Fontana, P. A1 - Meng, Birgit T1 - Autoclaving of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) N2 - By the combination of an optimized granulometry, a reduced water cement ratio and the use of superplasticizers ultra-high performance concrete achieves a compressive strength of over 150 N/mm2 and a high resistance regarding acids and water-soluble salts. In different Research projects the effect of an autoclavation on the mechanical strength and the phase composition was analyzed. In systematic studies, the concrete mix and the process parameters were varied. The results show that autoclavation leads to an improved pozzolanic and hydraulic reaction and significantly improves the mechanical strength compared to a conventional thermal treatment. If a minimum time-span for hydration is ensured, the achievable strength level is not dependent on the prestorage time. However, the duration of the autoclaving is significant. After the Maximum strength is reached there is only a very slight decrease, even if unrealistically long autoclaving times are applied. T2 - ICAAC 6th International Conference on Autoclaved Aerated Concrete CY - Potsdam, Germany DA - 04.09.2018 KW - Heat treatment KW - Hydroxylellestadite KW - Tobermorite KW - Ultra-high performance concrete KW - Zonation PY - 2018 SN - 978-3-433-03276-3 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/cepa.866 SP - 131 EP - 136 PB - Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn - Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG CY - Berlin, Germanry AN - OPUS4-46357 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Breitenbücher, R. A1 - Przondziono, R. A1 - Meng, Birgit A1 - Krütt, Enno A1 - Weise, Frank T1 - Alkali-Silica Reaction in concrete pavements considering traffic and de-icing agents N2 - In concrete pavements, damages occurred which are related to an Alkali-Silica-Reaction (ASR). Although the background for such an ASR has been studied extensively, special conditions in pavements increase this reaction significantly. These are especially the superposition of microstructural degradation caused by cyclic loading with an external alkali supply. Previous investigations of ASR focused mainly on the material itself (aggregates, cements, assessment of the concrete) while these special circumstances have not been considered. Concrete pavements are subjected to cyclic loadings by traffic and climate changes. Within cooperative research projects the different interdependent influencing factors for a damaging ASR in concrete pavements are studied by experiments as well as by numeric modelling. On the micro-level the ASR-related processes within the aggregate, such as gel-formation or ion-transport, are investigated. On the meso-level, the project focuses on the characterization of degradation effects in the concrete microstructure due to cyclic loading. Further, special attention is paid to the transport behavior of fluids in such pre-damaged concrete structures with and without the effect of overrunning tires as well as the impact on the ASR itself. Finally, on the macro-level the risk of an ASR-damage is assessed. T2 - 13th International Symposium on Concrete Roads CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 19.06.2018 KW - Alkali-Silica Reaction KW - Degradation KW - Cyclic loading KW - Fluid transport KW - Traffic PY - 2018 SP - 1 EP - 15 AN - OPUS4-46354 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wiedmann, A. A1 - Weise, Frank A1 - Kotan, E. A1 - Müller, H. S. A1 - Meng, Birgit T1 - Effects of fatigue loading and alkali-silica reaction on the mechanical behaviour of pavement concrete N2 - The primary aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of mechanical pre-damage and alkali–silica reaction (ASR) on the fracture mechanical properties of pavement concrete. For this purpose, a four point bending test was applied to large format beams to produce a defined level of cyclic pre-damage. The fatigue-induced concrete degradation process was simultaneously recorded using a testing procedure specifically developed for the purpose. In addition, fatigue-induced cracks on extracted drilling cores were spatially visualized and quantified using micro X-ray 3D-computed tomography (3D-CT). The storage of the small-format test specimens, with and without cyclic pre-damage, in an ASR-conducive environment showed that pre-damage leads to an increase in ASR damage processes. Subsequent structural mechanical investigations on small format specimens with and without pre-damage show that fatigue loading and ASR significantly influence fracture mechanical parameters of the concrete. KW - Acoustic emissions analysis KW - Alkali-silica reaction KW - Concrete pavement KW - Fatigue loading KW - Fracture energy KW - Monitoring of damage KW - Tensile strength KW - Ultrasonic velocity PY - 2017 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.201600179 SN - 1751-7648 SN - 1464-4177 VL - 18 IS - 4 SP - 539 EP - 549 PB - Ernst & Sohn AN - OPUS4-41007 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Miccoli, L. A1 - Fontana, P. A1 - Qvaesching, D. A1 - Kreft, O. A1 - Hoppe, Johannes A1 - Meng, Birgit T1 - UHPC-AAC facade elements: Structural design, production technology and mechanical behavior N2 - The aim of this study was to develop a lightweight composite facade element for new buildings and for the refurbishment of existing facades. These composite elements have been developed combining an insulation layer of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) with an external ultrahighperformance concrete (UHPC) supporting layer. This solution allows avoiding the use of connectors and facilitates the production procedure. The structural behavior of the facade elements is mainly influenced by the presence of the upturning edges that are able to increase the stiffness of the element and reduce the thickness of the external layer. The insulation material has no influence on the structural behavior of the UHPC boxes. Flexural tests were carried out to investigate a potential detachment of the external layer from the upturning edge. The photogrammetric Analysis used during the flexural tests essentially confirmed that the bond between the two UHPC layers cast in two steps is reliable. The quality of the bond between the external layer and the upturning edge is a key parameter to define the bearing capacity of the element. T2 - ICAAC 6th International Conference on Autoclaved Aerated Concrete CY - Potsdam, Germany DA - 04.09.2018 KW - Autoclaved aerated concrete KW - Flexural testing KW - Photogrammetric analysis KW - Production technology KW - Ultrahigh-performance concrete PY - 2018 SN - 978-3-433-03276-3 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/cepa.854 VL - 2 IS - 4 SP - 483 EP - 488 PB - Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn - Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG CY - Berlin, Germany AN - OPUS4-47588 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmidt, Wolfram A1 - Brouwers, H.J.H. A1 - Kühne, Hans-Carsten A1 - Meng, Birgit T1 - Interactions of polysaccharide stabilising agents with early cement hydration without and in the presence of superplasticizers N2 - Polysaccharides are incorporated into cement based Systems in order to modify the rheological properties. Typically, cellulose ethers, sphingan gums, guar gum or starch ethers are applied. Depending upon their chemistry, molecular architecture, and adsorption tendency, polysaccharides interact differently with the entire cementitious system. Some stabilising agents like diutan gum mainly affect the cementitious paste; other stabilising agents like starch tend to interact with the sand fraction and even with the coarse aggregates. Cellulose and guar gum shows more diverse performances. Typically stabilising admixtures like polysaccharides are used, when sophisticated rheological properties are adjusted. Therefore, polysaccharides are often used in combination with superplasticisers, which are added to reduce the yield stress of concrete. This can cause interactions, particularly when the stabilising Agent shows a strong tendency to adsorb on particle surfaces. Adsorptive stabilising agents may reduce the amount of adsorbed superplasticisers, thus affecting both viscosity and yield stress, while non-adsorptive stabilising agents mainly affect the plastic viscosity independently of the superplasticiser. Due to the strong influence of superplasticisers on the yield stress, influences of the stabilising agent on the yield stress retreat into the background, so that their major effect is an increase of the plastic viscosity. The paper provides a comprehensive overview of how different polysaccharide superplasticisers affect cementitious flowable systems and points out the challenges of the combined use of polysaccharides and superplasticisers. Based on rheometric experiments and observations of the hydration process, time dependent effects on the workability as well as of the hydration of cement are presented and discussed. KW - Concrete KW - Polysaccharides KW - Rheology KW - Stabilising agents KW - Starch KW - Sphingan PY - 2017 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.11.022 SN - 0950-0618 SN - 1879-0526 VL - 139 SP - 584 EP - 593 PB - Elsevier AN - OPUS4-40597 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schmidt, Wolfram A1 - Kühne, Hans-Carsten A1 - Meng, Birgit ED - Rogge, A. ED - Meng, B. T1 - Zum Einfluss des Mischungsentwurfs und des Fließmittels auf temperaturbedingte Veränderungen der Rheologie von SVB T2 - 52. DAfStb-Forschungskolloquium CY - Berlin, Deutschland DA - 2011-11-07 KW - Fließmittel KW - Polycarboxylatether KW - Selbstverdichtender Beton KW - Temperatureffekte KW - Rheologie PY - 2011 SN - 978-3-9814281-0-0 SP - 40 EP - 49 PB - BAM Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-25194 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stroh, Julia A1 - Schlegel, Moritz-Caspar A1 - Schmidt, Wolfram A1 - Nguyen, Thi Yen A1 - Meng, Birgit A1 - Emmerling, Franziska T1 - Time-resolved in situ investigation of Portland cement hydration influenced by chemical admixtures N2 - Numerous admixtures are used in the building practice to customize the properties of the cement paste during application. The influences of admixtures on the course of cement hydration and formation of hydrate phases have to be considered. Polycarboxylate ether (PCE) based polymeric superplasticizers (SPs) are known to retard the setting of the cement paste. The extent of the retardation differs depending on the molecular structure of the SP. Additionally, the presence of a stabilizing agent (SA) in the cement paste has a retarding side effect on the setting. The initial cement hydration processes and the detailed mechanisms of the retardation influenced by PCEs, as well as their interactions with particular SAs, are insufficiently understood. Up to now, only the results of phenomenological studies were taken into account to describe this retardation process. A detailed structure analysis monitoring the change of the phase composition during the hydration was never applied. Both SP and SA affect the adsorption of the sulphate ions on the clinker particles, causing changes in the formation of ettringite during the initial hydration, and are therefore a crucial part of the setting process itself. Here, the initial hydration of cement influenced by the interaction of SP and SA was monitored in situ by synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The high time resolution of the measurements allowed a continuous detection of the hydrates formed. The hydration was followed from the starting point of water addition and for couple of hours afterwards. The hydration of the levitated cement pellets containing starch as SA was initialized by adding aqueous solutions of different commercial SPs. Changes in the ettringite formation were detected in comparison to the reference hydration of pure cement. KW - Synchrotron KW - Portland cement Initial hydration KW - Superplasticizer KW - Stabilizer KW - XRD PY - 2016 DO - https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.12.097 IS - 106 SP - 18 EP - 26 PB - Elsevier AN - OPUS4-35467 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schmidt, Wolfram A1 - Kühne, Hans-Carsten A1 - Meng, Birgit T1 - Zum Einfluss des Mischungsentwurfs und des Fließmittels auf temperaturbedingte Veränderungen der Rheologie von SVB T2 - 52. DAfStb-Forschungskolloquium, BAM CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2011-11-07 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-25129 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmidt, Wolfram A1 - Wend, Dirk A1 - Kühne, Hans-Carsten A1 - Meng, Birgit T1 - Einfluss der Fließmittelmdoifikation auf Prozesse während der frühen Hydratation von selbstverdichtenden Bindemitteln KW - Rheologie KW - Frühe Zementhydratation KW - Polycarboxylatether KW - Vicat KW - Schwinden PY - 2012 SN - 1439-7706 VL - 4 SP - 66 EP - 71 PB - ad-media-Verl. CY - Köln AN - OPUS4-26356 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Meng, Birgit A1 - Fontana, Patrick A1 - Müller, U. A1 - Bürgisser, P. ED - Uzoegbo, H.C. ED - Schmidt, Wolfram T1 - Influence of natural pozzolans on the risk of alkali silica reaction N2 - Industrial byproducts and natural pozzolanas are increasingly being used as supplementary cementitious materials. In the group of natural pozzolanas volcanic ashes are the most prominent. Despite the fact that volcanic pozzolanas were used since Roman times, not much is known about their role in influencing the long term durability of concrete. The paper presents results of the volcanic pozzolana ‘Rhenish trass’, which is quarried in western Germany and its role during an alkali silica reaction (ASR). Field data and laboratory experiments indicate that trass releases alkalis into the pore solution but also changes cement paste chemistry and alkali binding behavior. There seems to be a sensitive balance between alkali release and increase of alkali binding capacity, both mechanisms crucial for the course of an ASR in concrete. T2 - ACCTA - International conference on advances in cement and concrete technology in Africa 2013 CY - Johannesburg, South Africa DA - 28.01.2013 KW - Alkali silica reaction KW - Natural pozzolans KW - Microscopy KW - Micro chemical analysis PY - 2013 SN - 978-3-9815360-3-4 SP - 801 EP - 808 AN - OPUS4-27765 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Wolfram A1 - Kühne, Hans-Carsten A1 - Meng, Birgit A1 - Brouwers, H.J.H. ED - Aguiar, J. B. ED - Jalali, S. ED - Camoes, A. ED - Ferreira, R.M. T1 - Influence of ambient temperature conditions on the effect of stabilising polymers in cementitious building materials T2 - 13th International Congress on polymers in concrete - ICPIC 2010 CY - Funchal-Madeira, Portugal DA - 2010-02-11 KW - Stabilising agent KW - Polycarboxylate ether KW - Polysaccharides KW - Starch ether KW - Biopolymers KW - Rheology KW - Setting PY - 2010 SN - 978-972-99179-4-3 SP - 241 EP - 248 CY - Funchal-Madeira, Portugal AN - OPUS4-21971 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -