TY - JOUR A1 - Weißhaupt, Petra A1 - Pritzkow, Wolfgang A1 - Noll, Matthias T1 - Nitrogen metabolism of wood decomposing basidiomycetes and their interaction with diazotrophs as revealed by IRMS N2 - Isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) is an advanced method to investigate carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in organic samples. In particular, the N content, its isotope signature and the C/N ratio reveal important facts of nutrient cycling, niche separation and ecological food webs. In this study, the characteristics of N turnover of wood decomposing microorganisms were investigated. The growth of the white rot causing basidiomycete Trametes versicolor is enhanced after addition of ammonia or urea, whereas the brown rot causing Oligoporus placenta is not accelerated. In addition, an interaction of each fungus with atmospheric N2 assimilating (diazotrophic) bacteria was investigated. Cultivation experiments with a gas mixture of 15N2/O2 and subsequent IRMS analysis of dry biomass of the diazotrophs Azotobacter croococcum, Beijerinckia acida and Novosphingobium nitrogenifigens revealed that they assimilated up to 12% of their N from N2. The experiments reflected N availability as a prerequisite for efficient growth of decomposing basidiomycetes and diazotrophs. Fungal–bacterial co-cultivation experiments showed that depending on the growth characteristics and bacterial N2 assimilation activity N is transferred from certain bacteria into fungal biomass. Thus, the experiments gave a first indication of an interaction between wood decomposing basidiomycetes and diazotrophs, which is a novel pathway of fungal N acquisition. KW - IRMS KW - Isotope labeling KW - Microbial interaction KW - N2 assimilation KW - Nitrogen KW - Wood decomposing basidiomycetes PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijms.2010.12.011 SN - 0168-1176 SN - 0020-7381 SN - 1387-3806 SN - 1873-2798 VL - 307 IS - 1-3 SP - 225 EP - 231 PB - Elsevier B.V. CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-23307 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Noll, Matthias T1 - Listeria monocytogenes in raw milk and long-life milk biofilms T2 - COST Exploratory Workshop "Biofilms - Friend or Foe?" CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2011-06-22 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-24218 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Noll, Matthias T1 - Incorporation of Listeria monocytogenes in a raw milk and ultra heat treated milk-biofilm T2 - Gordon Research Conference on Applied & Environmental Microbiology CY - South Hadley, MA, USA DA - 2011-07-10 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-24223 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ferrero, Fabio A1 - Malow, Marcus A1 - Noll, Matthias T1 - Temperature and gas evolution during large scale outside storage of wood chips N2 - The temperature and gas concentrations in a newly established pine-wood debris pile of 20 m × 15 m × 6 m in dimensions (approximately 400 tons of fresh weight material) were monitored for 150 days. Temperature was measured at ten different positions within the pile, while concentrations of CO2, O2, CO and CH4 were taken at four different representative locations. The pile was characterized by a strong temperature increase within the first 10– 12 days of storage. Results of the gas analysis in this period suggest that the temperature increase was caused by microbial processes. In particular, reduced oxygen concentration and almost complete absence of methane indicate mainly aerobic respiration processes. Effects of weather conditions on the temperature/gas distribution and time evolution are also discussed in the paper. KW - Wood KW - Storage KW - Temperature KW - Gas concentration PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-010-0512-0 SN - 0018-3768 VL - 69 IS - 4 SP - 587 EP - 595 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg AN - OPUS4-23849 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmalenberger, A. A1 - Pritzkow, Wolfgang A1 - Ojeda, J.J. A1 - Noll, Matthias T1 - Characterization of main sulfur source of wood-degrading basidiomycetes by S K-edge X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) N2 - The main wood degraders in aerobic terrestrial ecosystems belong to the white- and brown-rot fungi, where their biomass can be created on wood decay only. However, total sulfur (S) concentration in wood is very low and only little is known about the different sulfur compounds in wood today. Sulfur-starved brown-rot fungi Gloeophyllum trabeum and Oligoporus placenta were incubated on sterilized pine wood blocks whereas Lentinus cyathiformis and the white-rot fungi Trametes versicolor were incubated on sterilized beech wood blocks. After 19 weeks of incubation, the S oxidation status was analyzed in wood, in degraded wood, and in biomass of wood-degrading fungi by synchrotron based S K-edge XANES, and total S and sulfate were quantified. Total sulfur and sulfate content in pine wood blocks were approximately 50 and 1 µg g-1, respectively, while in beech wood approximately 100 and 20 µg g-1 were found, respectively. Sulfur in beech was dominated by sulfate-esters. In contrast, pine wood also contained larger amounts of reduced S. Three out of four selected fungi caused a reduction of the S oxidation state in wood from oxidized S (sulfate-ester, sulfate) to intermediate S (sulfonate, sulfoxide) or reduced S (thiols, e.g., proteins, peptides, enzyme cofactors). Only O. placenta shifted thiol to sulfonate. Growth experiments of these fungi on selective minimal media showed that in particular cysteine (thiol), sulfonates, and sulfate enhanced total mycelium growth. Consequently, wood-degrading fungi were able to utilize a large variety of different wood S sources for growth but preferentially transformed in vivo sulfate-esters and thiol into biomass structures. KW - Basidiomycetes KW - Fungi KW - S K-edge X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) KW - Sulfur oxidation status KW - Sulfate-esters PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2011.08.013 SN - 0964-8305 VL - 65 IS - 8 SP - 1215 EP - 1223 PB - Elsevier CY - Barking AN - OPUS4-27546 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -