TY - JOUR A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Hirschberger, Paul A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias ED - Holl, H. T1 - Flying ant robot for chemical trail detection and localization N2 - This paper presents first advances in the area of aerial chemical trail following. For that purpose, we equipped a palm-size aerial robot, based on the Crazyflie 2.0 quadrocopter, with a small lightweight metal oxide gas sensor for measuring evaporated ethanol from chemical trails. To detect and localize a 5 cm wide chemical trail, a detection criterion was developed that uses only relative changes in the transient phase of the sensor response. The reduction in signal strength dependence improves the robustness of its application. We tested our setup in first crossing-trail experiments showing that our flying ant robot can correlate an odor hit with the chemical trail within 0.14 m. Principally, this could enable aerial chemical trail following in the future. T2 - 37th Danubia - Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Linz, Austria DA - 21.09.2021 KW - Aerial robot KW - Trail following KW - Trail detection KW - Localization PY - 2022 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.02.594 SN - 2214-7853 VL - 62 SP - 2462 EP - 2465 PB - Elsevier Ltd. CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-54507 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mansurova, Maria A1 - Gotor, Raúl A1 - Johann, Sergej A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Rurack, Knut A1 - Bell, Jérémy T1 - Fluorescent Hydrophobic Test Strips with Sterically Integrated Molecular Rotors for the Detection of Hydrocarbons in Water and Soil with an Embedded Optical Read-Out N2 - Contamination of natural bodies of water or soil with oils and lubricants (or generally, hydrocarbon derivatives such as petrol, fuels, and others) is a commonly found phenomenon around the world due to the extensive production, transfer, and use of fossil fuels. In this work, we develop a simple system for the on-field detection of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) in water and soil. The test is based on the measurement of the fluorescence signal emitted by the molecular rotor 2-[ethyl[4-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethenyl]phenyl]amino]ethanol (4-DNS-OH). This dye is embedded in a hydrophobic polymeric matrix (polyvinylidene fluoride), avoiding interactions with water and providing a robust support for use in a test strip fashion. Together with the strips, an embedded optical system was designed for fluorescence signal read-out, featuring a Bluetooth low-energy connection to a commercial tablet device for data processing and analysis. This system works for the detection and quantification of TPHs in water and soil through a simple extraction protocol using a cycloalkane solvent with a limit of detection of 6 ppm. Assays in surface and sea waters were conclusive, proving the feasibility of the method for in-the-field operation. KW - Test strip KW - Sensor KW - Smartphone KW - Fluorescence KW - Test Streifen KW - Sensoren KW - Fluoreszenz KW - Petrol KW - Öl PY - 2023 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.3c01175 SN - 0887-0624 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington, United States AN - OPUS4-57892 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bartelmeß, Jürgen A1 - Zimmek, David A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Strangfeld, Christoph A1 - Schäferling, M. T1 - Fibre optic ratiometric fluorescence pH sensor for monitoring corrosion in concrete N2 - In this communication a novel concept for pH sensing is introduced which is specifically adapted to monitor carbonation induced corrosion in concrete structures. The method is based on a ratiometric measurement principle, exploiting the pH sensitive colour switching of thymol blue in the basic pH regime and the emissive properties of two different (Zn)CdSe/ZnS core shell quantum dots. The transition point of thymol blue in a Hydrogel D4 matrix was determined to be at around pH 11.6, which fits ideally to the intended application. Next to the fundamental spectroscopic characterization of the ratiometric response, a new design for a sensor head, suitable for the incorporation into concrete matrices is presented. Toward this, a manufacturing process was developed which includes the preparation of a double layer of polymers containing either thymol blue or a quantum dot mixture inside a porous ceramic tube. Results of a proof-of-priciple performance test of the sensor head in solutions of different pH and in cement specimens are presented, with encouraging results paving the way for future field tests in concrete. KW - Fiber optic sensing KW - PH monitoring in concrete KW - Embedded sensors KW - Ratiometric fluorescence PY - 2020 DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c9an02348h VL - 145 IS - 6 SP - 2111 EP - 2117 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry AN - OPUS4-50381 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Johann, Sergej A1 - Tiebe, Carlo A1 - Kohlhoff, Harald A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Feasibility Study for Safe Workplaces through automation and digitalization technology with redesigned Smart Sensors and LoRaWAN Monitoring System N2 - This project addresses the application of safe and healthy workplaces in offices, chemical laboratories and other workplaces where indoor air quality plays an important role. The LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Network) is used as a communication interface to make sensor data globally accessible. The objectives of the project are to create a sensor node and an online and offline system that collects the data from the sensor nodes and stores it on a local server, in a cloud, and also locally on the node to prevent communication failures. An important point in this project is the development of the sensor nodes and the placement of these in the premises, thus no development work is involved in Building the infrastructure. T2 - SMSI 2021 CY - Online meeting DA - 03.05.2021 KW - Smart sensors KW - Air quality monitoring KW - LoRaWAN KW - VOC KW - Multisensor system PY - 2021 SP - 230 EP - 231 AN - OPUS4-52649 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Beck, Uwe A1 - Mitzkus, Anja A1 - Sahre, Mario A1 - Weise, Matthias A1 - Köppe, Enrico A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Basedau, Frank A1 - Hofmann, Detlef A1 - Schukar, Vivien T1 - Faser-basierter magneto-optischer Schicht-Sensor zum Monitoring von Bauteilen N2 - In Glasfasern eingeschriebene Bragg-Gitter (FBG: fibre-based Bragg gratings) sind über die Verschiebung der Bragg-Wellenlänge in der Lage, Stauchungen und Dehnungen von Glasfasern hochgenau zu erfassen. In Kompositwerkstoffe eingebettete faseroptische Sensoren können Bauteile bezüglich ihrer mechanischen Integrität überwachen und früh-zeitig Informationen über Materialveränderungen gewinnen. Um die Zuverlässigkeit eines solchen Sensors zu gewährleisten, ist es wichtig, die korrekte Funktion des Sensors im Verbund mit der Werkstoff-Matrix on-line und in-situ sicherzu-stellen. Im Rahmen des DFG-Projekts FAMOS² (FAser-basierter Magneto-Optischer SchichtSensor) wurde ein selbstdiagnosefähiger Schichtsensor entwickelt, der mit Hilfe von magnetostriktiven Aktorschichten aus Nickel bzw. Eisen-Nickel validiert werden kann. Der FAMOS²-Schichtsensor wird durch ein PVD (physical vapour deposition)/ECD (electro-chemical deposition) Hybridschichtsystem realisiert, das auf dem Fasermantel im Bereich des FBG haftfest, homogen und langzeitfunktional abzuscheiden ist. Dabei wird in einem ersten Schritt ein etwa 100 Nanometer dünnes PVD-Schichtsystem aus Chrom und Kupfer als Haftvermittler auf der Glasfaser bzw. als leitfähige Startschicht für den nachfolgenden ECD-Prozess abgeschieden. Um eine rotationssymmetrische Schich-tabscheidung zu gewährleisten, erfolgt während der PVD-Beschichtung eine Rotation der Glasfasern. In einem zweiten Schritt wird dann unter Verwendung eines klassischen Watts-Elektrolyten in einer speziell entwickelten ebenfalls rotationssymmetrisch aufgebau-ten ECD-Durchströmungszelle dann die etwa 30 Mikrometer dicke, magnetostriktive Ak-torschicht auf dem PVD-Schichtsystem abgeschieden, im Vergleich sowohl reine Nickel-Schichten als auch Nickel-Eisen-Schichten. Ein äußeres Magnetfeld dehnt die magnetostriktive Aktorschicht und damit auch die Faser reversibel. Diese Dehnung führt zu einer Verschiebung der Bragg-Wellenlänge, welche direkt mit der Stärke eines zu messenden oder zu Validierungszwecken vorgegebenen Magnetfeldes korreliert. Die Anpassung der Beschichtungsverfahren an die Fasergeome-trie und die mechanischen Eigenschaften der Hybridschichten werden hinsichtlich der me-chanischen Integrität des faseroptischen Sensors diskutiert und der Nachweis der Selbst-diagnosefähigkeit erbracht. T2 - 13. ThGOT Thementage Grenz- und Oberflächentechnik und 11. Thüringer Biomaterial-Kolloquium CY - Zeulenroda, Germany DA - 13.03.2018 KW - Magneto-optischer Sensor KW - Faser-Bragg Gitter KW - Magnetostriktive Beschichtung KW - Selbstkalibrierung KW - Bauteilmonitoring PY - 2018 SN - 978-3-00-058187-8 SP - 1 EP - 5 CY - Jena AN - OPUS4-44599 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hüllmann, Dino A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Scheuschner, Nils A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Lilienthal, A.J. T1 - Experimental Validation of the Cone-Shaped Remote Gas Sensor Model N2 - Remote gas sensors mounted on mobile robots enable the mapping of gas distributions in large or hardly accessible areas. A challenging task, however, is the generation of threedimensional distribution maps from these gas measurements. Suitable reconstruction algorithms can be adapted, for instance, from the field of computed tomography (CT), but both their performance and strategies for selecting optimal measuring poses must be evaluated. For this purpose simulations are used, since, in contrast to field tests, they allow repeatable conditions. Although several simulation tools exist, they lack realistic models of remote gas sensors. Recently, we introduced a model for a Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) gas sensor taking into account the conical shape of its laser beam. However, the novel model has not yet been validated with experiments. In this paper, we compare our model with a real sensor device and show that the assumptions made hold. T2 - IEEE Sensors 2019 CY - Montreal, Canada DA - 27.10.2019 KW - Remote gas sensor model KW - TDLAS KW - Gas dispersion simulation PY - 2019 SN - 978-1-7281-1634-1 SP - 104 EP - 107 PB - IEEE AN - OPUS4-49548 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Hüllmann, Dino A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Scheuschner, Nils A1 - Lilienthal, A.J. T1 - Experimental Validation of the Cone-Shaped Remote Gas Sensor Model N2 - Remote gas sensors mounted on mobile robots enable the mapping of gas distributions in large or hardly accessible areas. A challenging task, however, is the generation of threedimensional distribution maps from these gas measurements. Suitable reconstruction algorithms can be adapted, for instance, from the field of computed tomography (CT), but both their performance and strategies for selecting optimal measuring poses must be evaluated. For this purpose simulations are used, since, in contrast to field tests, they allow repeatable conditions. Although several simulation tools exist, they lack realistic models of remote gas sensors. Recently, we introduced a model for a Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) gas sensor taking into account the conical shape of its laser beam. However, the novel model has not yet been validated with experiments. In this paper, we compare our model with a real sensor device and show that the assumptions made hold. T2 - IEEE Sensors 2019 CY - Montreal, Canada DA - 27.10.2019 KW - Remote gas sensor model KW - TDLAS KW - Gas dispersion simulation PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-49549 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Nattuveettil, Keerthana A1 - Brunner, Nanine A1 - Tiebe, Carlo A1 - Thomas, Marcus A1 - Melzer, Michael A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Johann, Sergej A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. T1 - Digital approach of certification in Quality Infrastructure N2 - QI-Digital is a joined project aiming at digitalising Quality Infrastructure (QI) processes involving standardization, conformity assessment, accreditation, metrology, and market surveillance [1]. Federal institute of material research and testing (BAM) is working on the creation of a digital calibration certifi-cate (DCC) to achieve digital metrological traceability and conformity assessment. The utilisation of machine readable and executable DCCs in the XML format is demonstrated on an example of a tem-perature measurement at a hydrogen refueling station. The certificates will be retrieved and analysed automatically at a Process Control System or at a Digital Twin. T2 - SMSI 2023 Conference CY - Nürnberg, Germany DA - 08.05.2023 KW - Quality Infrastructure KW - Digital Certificates KW - Temperature calibration KW - Digitalisation KW - Hydrogen technology PY - 2023 DO - https://doi.org/10.5162/SMSI2023/A3.4 SP - 51 EP - 52 PB - AMA Service GmbH CY - Wunstorf AN - OPUS4-57964 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Tiebe, Carlo A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Banach, Ulrich A1 - Gawlitza, Kornelia A1 - Hübert, Thomas T1 - Development of a gas standard generator N2 - Pollution through emission of toxic gases is an increasing problem for the environment. It affects similarly agricultural, industrial and urban areas. In future, environmental emissions in ambient air must be monitored at even lower concentrations as nowadays. One environmental relevant compound is ammonia and its conversion product ammonium that have strong negative impact on human health and ecosystems. Most ammonia measurements in ambient air are performed in the range below 1000 nmol·mol 1 and thus there is a need for reliable traceable ammonia gas standards and in addition in situ analytical procedures for monitoring (in ambient air to avoid that thresholds are exceeded). Therefore, the use of reference materials is necessary for development accompanying test or for calibration, e. g. of structure-integrated sensors and mobile multi-gas sensors. The developed gas standard generator produces gas mixtures that comply with the metrological traceability for ammonia gas standards in the desired environmentally relevant measurement range. The method is based on the permeation of ammonia through a membrane at constant temperature and pressure. The resulting ammonia penetrant gas flow is then mixed with a carrier gas flow to generate a gas standard flow of known concentration. The dynamic rage is enlarged by using a two dilution steps. Depending on the permeation rate, generable molar fractions are possible in the range nmol·mol-1 to a few µmol·mol-1. We present the design of an ammonia gas standard generator and first results of the characterisation of its individual components supporting the uncertainty assessment according to GUM for stable gas concentrations in this range. The relative uncertainty of the generated ammonia gas standard is smaller than 4 % (k = 2). T2 - Networked Environmental Monitoring – from sensor principles to novel services CY - BAM, Berlin, Germany DA - 06.02.2018 KW - Permeation KW - Gas standard generator PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-44089 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Johann, Sergej A1 - Lapalus, Antoin A1 - Tiebe, Carlo A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Design and Implementation of Smart Multisensor Monitoring System for Safe Workplaces with LoRaWAN N2 - This project addresses the application of safe workplaces in offices and chemical laboratories where indoor air quality plays an important role. The LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Network) is used as a communication interface to make important sensor data globally accessible. The goal of the development is to create a sensor node and an online and offline solution that collects the data from the sensor nodes and stores it on a local server or in a cloud. In cooperation with the companies WISTA GmbH and IONOS, a test sensor network is going to be established in the Berlin-Adlershof area. T2 - SMSI 2020 CY - Meeting was canceled DA - 22.06.2020 KW - Smart sensors KW - Air quality monitoring KW - LoRaWAN KW - VOC KW - Multisensor system PY - 2020 DO - https://doi.org/10.5162/SMSI2020/E5.4 SP - 388 EP - 389 AN - OPUS4-50878 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Hüllmann, Dino A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias ED - Pastramă, Ş. D. ED - Constantinescu, D. M. T1 - Concept of a gas-sensitive nano aerial robot swarm for indoor air quality monitoring N2 - In this paper, we introduce a nano aerial robot swarm for indoor air quality monitoring applications such as occupational health and safety of (industrial) workplaces. The concept combines a robotic swarm composing of nano Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (nano UAVs), based on the Crazyflie 2.0 quadrocopter, and small lightweight metal oxide gas sensors for measuring the Total Volatile Organic Compound (TVOC) in ppb and estimating the eCO2 (equivalent calculated carbon-dioxide) concentration in ppm. TVOC is a measure for the indoor air quality. An indoor localization and positioning system will be used to estimate the absolute 3D position of the swarm like GPS. Based on this novel indoor air quality monitoring concept, the development and validation of new algorithms in the field of Mobile Robot Olfaction (MRO) are planned, namely gas source localization and gas distribution mapping. A test scenario will be built up to validate and optimize the gas-sensitive nano aerial robot swarm for the intended applications. T2 - 35th Danubia Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Sinaia, Romania DA - 25.09.2018 KW - Nano aerial robot KW - UAV KW - Swarm KW - Indoor air quality KW - Monitoring KW - Concept PY - 2019 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.03.151 SN - 2214-7853 VL - 12 IS - 2 SP - 470 EP - 473 PB - Elsevier Ltd. CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-48055 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Hüllmann, Dino T1 - Concept of a gas-sensitive nano aerial robot swarm for indoor air quality monitoring N2 - In industrial environments, airborne by-products such as dust and (toxic) gases, constitute a major risk for the worker’s health. Major changes in automated processes in the industry lead to an increasing demand for solutions in air quality management. Thus, occupational health experts are highly interested in precise dust and gas distribution models for working environments. For practical and economic reasons, high-quality, costly measurements are often available for short time-intervals only. Therefore, current monitoring procedures are carried out sparsely, both in time and space, i.e., measurement data are collected in single day campaigns at selected locations only. Real-time knowledge of contaminant distributions inside the working environment would also provide means for better and more economic control of air impurities. For example, the possibility to regulate the workspace’s ventilation exhaust locations can reduce the concentration of airborne contaminants by 50%. To improve the occupational health and safety of (industrial) workplaces, this work aims for developing a swarm of gas-sensitive aerial nano robots for monitoring indoor air quality and for localizing potential emission sources. T2 - Tag der offenen Tür auf dem Testgelände der BAM (BAM TTS) CY - Baruth/Mark - OT Horstwalde, Germany DA - 29.09.2018 KW - Mobile Robot Olfaction KW - Swarm KW - Nano aerial robot KW - Gas sensing PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-46147 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Hüllmann, Dino A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias ED - Pastramă, D. Ş ED - Constantinescu, D. M. T1 - Concept of a gas-sensitive nano aerial robot swarm for indoor air quality monitoring N2 - In industrial environments, airborne by-products such as dust and (toxic) gases, constitute a major risk for the worker’s health. Major changes in automated processes in the industry lead to an increasing demand for solutions in air quality management. Thus, occupational health experts are highly interested in precise dust and gas distribution models for working environments. For practical and economic reasons, high-quality, costly measurements are often available for short time-intervals only. Therefore, current monitoring procedures are carried out sparsely, both in time and space, i.e., measurement data are collected in single day campaigns at selected locations only. Real-time knowledge of contaminant distributions inside the working environment would also provide means for better and more economic control of air impurities. For example, the possibility to regulate the workspace’s ventilation exhaust locations can reduce the concentration of airborne contaminants by 50%. To improve the occupational health and safety of (industrial) workplaces, this work aims for developing a swarm of gas-sensitive aerial nano robots for monitoring indoor air quality and for localizing potential emission sources. T2 - 35th Danubia-Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Sinaia, Romania DA - 25.09.2018 KW - Mobile Robot Olfaction KW - Swarm KW - Nano aerial robot KW - Gas sensing PY - 2018 SN - 978-606-23-0874-2 SP - 139 EP - 140 PB - PRINTECH CY - Bukarest AN - OPUS4-46137 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Hüllmann, Dino A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Tiebe, Carlo T1 - Concept of a gas-sensitive nano aerial robot swarm for indoor air quality monitoring N2 - In industrial environments, airborne by-products such as dust and (toxic) gases, constitute a major risk for the worker’s health. Major changes in automated processes in the industry lead to an increasing demand for solutions in air quality management. Thus, occupational health experts are highly interested in precise dust and gas distribution models for working environments. For practical and economic reasons, high-quality, costly measurements are often available for short time-intervals only. Therefore, current monitoring procedures are carried out sparsely, both in time and space, i.e., measurement data are collected in single day campaigns at selected locations only. Real-time knowledge of contaminant distributions inside the working environment would also provide means for better and more economic control of air impurities. For example, the possibility to regulate the workspace’s ventilation exhaust locations can reduce the concentration of airborne contaminants by 50%. To improve the occupational health and safety of (industrial) workplaces, this work aims for developing a swarm of gas-sensitive aerial nano robots for monitoring indoor air quality and for localizing potential emission sources. T2 - NetMon International training course - Low-cost Environmental Monitoring CY - BAM, Berlin, Germany DA - 09.04.2019 KW - Gas sensing KW - Mobile Robot Olfaction KW - Nano aerial robot KW - Swarm PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-47799 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Werner, Klaus-Dieter T1 - Comparison of the Temperature Behavior of Oil and Gas Damped Piezoresistive Accelerometers N2 - This study presents the characterization of a piezoresistive accelerometer damped with silicon oil for the application in drop tests carried out at BAM. Experiments were performed with the Hopkinson Bar method in close correlation to the real-world application conditions. The results point out certain limitations regarding the temperature influence and the frequency response. Additional experiments were performed with a gas damped type of piezoresistive accelerometer, which has superior specifications, particularly for low temperatures. The results allow for a comparison. T2 - IEEE SENSORS 2018 CY - Neu Delhi, Indien DA - 28.10.2018 KW - Accelerometer KW - Temperature behavior KW - Frequency response KW - Hopkinson Bar KW - Drop test PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-46484 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Moufid, M. A1 - Tiebe, Carlo A1 - El Bari, N. A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Bouchikhi, B. T1 - Combining of TD-GC-MS and home developed electronic nose for road traffic air monitoring N2 - In this work, we demonstrate the ability of an electronic nose system based on an array of six-semiconductor gas sensors for outdoor air quality monitoring over a day at a traffic road in downtown of Meknes city (Morocco). The response of the sensor array reaches its maximum in the evening of the investigated day which may due to high vehicular traffic or/and human habits resulting in elevated concentrations of pollutants. Dataset treatment by Principal Component Analysis and Discriminant Function Analysis shows a good discrimination between samples collected at different times of the day. Moreover, Support Vector Machines were used and reached a classification success rate of 97.5 %. Thermal Desorption-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (TD-GC-MS) technique was used to validate the developed e-nose system by identifying the composition of the analyzed air samples. The discrimination obtained by e-nose system was in good agreement with the TD-GC-MS results. This study demonstrates the usefulness of TD-GC-MS and e-nose, providing high accuracy in discriminating outdoor air samples collected at different times. This demonstrates the potential of using the e-nose as a rapid, easy to use and inexpensive environmental monitoring system. T2 - 2021 IEEE International Conference on Design & Test of Integrated Micro & Nano-Systems (DTS) CY - Sfax, Tunisia DA - 07.06.2021 KW - GC-MS KW - Electronic nose KW - Gas sensors KW - Urban air monitoring PY - 2021 DO - https://doi.org/10.1109/DTS52014.2021.9498110 SP - 1 EP - 6 AN - OPUS4-54401 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Moufid, M. A1 - Tiebe, Carlo A1 - El Bari, N. A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Bouchikhi, B. T1 - Characterization of Unpleasant Odors in Poultry Houses Using Metal Oxide Semiconductor-Based Gas Sensor Arrays and Pattern Recognition Methods N2 - In this study, the ability of an electronic nose developed to analyze and monitor odor emissions from three poultry farms located in Meknes (Morocco) and Berlin (Germany) was evaluated. Indeed, the potentiality of the electronic nose (e-nose) to differentiate the concentration fractions of hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and ethanol was investigated. Furthermore, the impact change of relative humidity values (from 15% to 67%) on the responses of the gas sensors was reported and revealed that the effect remained less than 0.6%. Furthermore, the relevant results confirmed that the developed e-nose system was able to perfectly classify and monitor the odorous air of poultry farms. T2 - 1st International Electronic Conference on Chemical Sensors and Analytical Chemistry CY - Online meeting DA - 01.07.2021 KW - Pattern recognition methods KW - Gas sensors KW - Electronic nose KW - poultry odorous air monitoring PY - 2021 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-544005 UR - https://csac2021.sciforum.net/ DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/CSAC2021-10481 VL - 5 IS - 52 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - MDPI AN - OPUS4-54400 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Melzer, Michael A1 - Fischer, Michael A1 - Thomas, Marcus A1 - Subaric-Leitis, Andreas A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Calibration Service as a Gateway to Sustainable Research and Development N2 - Over decades, the German Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) has established a sophisticated calibration laboratory for force, temperature and electrical quantities. Since more than 15 years it is accredited, currently by the national accreditation body (DAkkS), and offers its service also to external entities on a global scale. As a public provider, we are furthermore committed to research and development activities that demand measurements with highest quality and low level of uncertainties. Two R&D examples are highlighted within this contribution. T2 - SMSI 2020 CY - Meeting was canceled DA - 22.06.2020 KW - Calibration of force KW - Calibration of temperature KW - Calibration of electrical quantities KW - Measurement uncertainty KW - New sensor principles PY - 2020 SN - 978-3-9819376-2-6 DO - https://doi.org/10.5162/SMSI2020/E3.3 SP - 374 EP - 375 AN - OPUS4-51222 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Manolov, Manol A1 - Subaric-Leitis, Andreas A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Bestimmung der Maschinennachgiebigkeit beim Einsatz sphärischer Indenter in der Instrumentierten Eindringprüfung N2 - Es wird ein vereinfachtes Verfahren für die Bestimmung und Implementierung der Maschinennachgiebigkeit bei der Verwendung eines sphärischen Indenters dargestellt. Die Maschinennachgiebigkeit wird bei deutlicher Kraftabhängigkeit als Funktion der Kraft in die Auswertung implementiert. Als sensitiver Kennwert dient der aus der instrumentierten Eindringprüfung an Härtevergleichsplatten ermittelte Eindringmodul. T2 - Sensoren und Messsysteme CY - Nürnberg, Germany DA - 26.06.2018 KW - Maschinennachgiebigkeit KW - Instrumentierte Eindringprüfung KW - Sphärische Indenter KW - Vereinfachtes Verfahren KW - Kraftabhängige Funktion KW - Härtevergleichsplatten KW - Eindringmodul PY - 2018 SN - 978-3-8007-4683-5 SN - 0932-6022 VL - 19. ITG/GMA-Fachtagung SP - 565 EP - 569 PB - VDE Verlag GmbH CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-45394 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Moufid, M. A1 - Bouchikhi, B. A1 - Tiebe, Carlo A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - El Bari, N. T1 - Assessment of outdoor odor emissions from polluted sites using simultaneous thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS), electronic nose in conjunction with advanced multivariate statistical approaches N2 - Poor air quality, particularly in urban areas, causes various diseases and degrades living standards. Air Quality could be affected by emissions of odor, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), and other gases. Therefore, assessment and monitoring of odorous air quality using sensitive, simple, rapid, accurate and portable tools is very important for public health. This study aimed to characterize odor emissions to detect malfunctions in facilities and to prevent air pollution and olfactory nuisance in the environment. A gas chromatographic method, in conjunction with sensorial analysis were performed for odorous air samples analysis collected from neighborhood of Meknes city (Morocco). Advanced multivariate statistical approaches, such as Principal Components Analysis (PCA), Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA), Support Vector Machines (SVMs), and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), were used to describe samples similarities. The electronic nose (e-nose) data processing exhibits a satisfactory discrimination between the odorous air samples. Twenty-four VOCs with known molecular formulas were identified with Thermal Desorption-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (TD-GC-MS). A validated Partial Least Square (PLS) model foresees good calibration between e-nose measurement and TD-GCMS analysis. The finding indicates that TD-GC–MS approach in conjunction with e-nose unit could be suitable tool for environmental measurement-based odor emissions. KW - Electronic nose KW - TD-GC-MS KW - PLS regression KW - Multivariate analysis KW - Outdoor odor emissions PY - 2021 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118449 SN - 1352-2310 VL - 256 SP - 118449 PB - Elsevier Ltd. AN - OPUS4-52626 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Tiebe, Carlo A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Hüllmann, Dino A1 - Krentel, Daniel A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Kohlhoff, Harald A1 - Lilienthal, A.J. T1 - Airborne Remote Gas Sensing and Mapping N2 - Leaking methane (CH4) from infrastructures, such as pipelines and landfills, is critical for the environment but can also pose a safety risk. To enable a fast detection and localization of these kind of leaks, we developed a novel robotic platform for aerial remote gas sensing. Spectroscopic measurement methods for remote sensing of selected gases lend themselves for use on mini-copters, which offer a number of advantages for inspection and surveillance over traditional methods. No direct contact with the target gas is needed and thus the influence of the aerial platform on the measured gas plume can be kept to a minimum. This allows to overcome one of the major issues with gas-sensitive mini-copters. On the other hand, remote gas sensors, most prominently Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) sensors have been too bulky given the payload and energy restrictions of mini-copters. Here, we present the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Remote Gas Sensing (UAV-REGAS), which combines a novel lightweight TDLAS sensor with a 3-axis aerial stabilization gimbal for aiming on a versatile hexacopter. The proposed system can be deployed in scenarios that cannot be addressed by currently available robots and thus constitutes a significant step forward for the field of Mobile Robot Olfaction (MRO). It enables tomographic reconstruction of gas plumes and a localization of gas sources. We also present first results showing its performance under realistic conditions. T2 - Networked Environmental Monitoring – from sensor principles to novel services CY - BAM, Berlin, Germany DA - 06.02.2018 KW - Localization of gas sources KW - Mobile Robot Olfaction KW - Tomographic reconstruction of gas plumes KW - Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) KW - UAV-REGAS PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-44085 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Hüllmann, Dino A1 - Krentel, Daniel A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Kohlhoff, Harald A1 - Lilienthal, A. J. T1 - Airborne Remote Gas Sensing and Mapping N2 - Leaking methane (CH4) from infrastructures, such as pipelines and landfills, is critical for the environment but can also pose a safety risk. To enable a fast detection and localization of These kind of leaks, we developed a novel robotic platform for aerial remote gas sensing - the so-called Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Remote Gas Sensing (UAV-REGAS). T2 - Tag der offenen Tür auf dem Testgelände der BAM (BAM TTS) CY - Baruth/Mark - OT Horstwalde, Germany DA - 29.09.2018 KW - Localization of gas sources KW - Mobile Robot Olfaction KW - Tomographic reconstruction of gas plumes KW - Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) KW - UAV-REGAS PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-46152 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Kohlhoff, Harald A1 - Hüllmann, Dino A1 - Krentel, Daniel A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Dzierliński, M. A1 - Lilienthal, A. J. A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Aerial-based gas tomography – from single beams to complex gas distributions N2 - In this paper, we present and validate the concept of an autonomous aerial robot to reconstruct tomographic 2D slices of gas plumes in outdoor environments. Our platform, the so-called Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Remote Gas Sensing (UAV-REGAS), combines a lightweight Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) gas sensor with a 3-axis aerial stabilization gimbal for aiming at a versatile octocopter. While the TDLAS sensor provides integral gas concentration measurements, it does not measure the distance traveled by the laser diode’s beam nor the distribution of gas along the optical path. Thus, we complement the set-up with a laser rangefinder and apply principles of Computed Tomography (CT) to create a model of the spatial gas distribution from a set of integral concentration measurements. To allow for a fundamental ground truth evaluation of the applied gas tomography algorithm, we set up a unique outdoor test environment based on two 3D ultrasonic anemometers and a distributed array of 10 infrared gas transmitters. We present results showing its performance characteristics and 2D plume reconstruction capabilities under realistic conditions. The proposed system can be deployed in scenarios that cannot be addressed by currently available robots and thus constitutes a significant step forward for the field of Mobile Robot Olfaction (MRO). KW - Aerial robot olfaction KW - Mobile robot olfaction KW - Gas tomography KW - TDLAS KW - Plume PY - 2019 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-487843 DO - https://doi.org/10.1080/22797254.2019.1640078 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - Taylor & Francis CY - London AN - OPUS4-48784 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Hirschberger, Paul A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias ED - Holl, H. T1 - Aerial Chemical-Trail Detection and Localization N2 - This paper presents first advances in the area of aerial chemical trail following. For that purpose, we equipped a palm-size aerial robot, based on the Crazyflie 2.0 quadrocopter, with a small lightweight metal oxide gas sensor for measuring evaporated ethanol from chemical trails. To detect and localize the chemical trail, a novel detection criterion was developed that uses only relative changes in the transient phase of the sensor response, making it more robust in its application. We tested our setup in first crossing-trail experiments showing that our flying ant robot is able to correlate an odor hit with the chemical trail within 0.14 m. Principally, this could enable aerial chemical trail following in the future. T2 - 37th Danubia - Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Linz, Austria DA - 21.09.2021 KW - Nano aerial robot KW - Trail following KW - Trail detection KW - Localization PY - 2021 SN - 978-3-9504997-0-4 VL - 2021 SP - 39 EP - 40 AN - OPUS4-53409 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Moufid, M. A1 - Tiebe, Carlo A1 - El Bari, N. A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Bouchikhi, B. T1 - Advance in electronic nose technology developed for the detection and discrimination of ethanol, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide gases N2 - This work focuses on the design and fabrication of low-cost and fast-response of an electronic nose (E-nose) based on semiconductor gas sensors, for discriminating some synthetic gases such as ammonia (NH3), ethanol (C2H5OH), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Additionally, the capability of separating different concentration levels of each considered gases was checked. Dataset treatment of E-nose by using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed a good discrimination of the different synthetic gases. Furthermore, perfect classification was reached of different concentration levels of the analysed gases by using Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA). In the light of these results, it could be stated that the developed E-nose system constitutes an inexpensive, rapid, simple to use, and efficient tool for synthetic gases detection. T2 - IEEE International Symposium on Olfaction and Electronic Nose (ISOEN) CY - Aveiro, Portugal DA - 29.05.2022 KW - Electronic nose KW - Metal oxide semiconductor KW - Chemometric techniques KW - Environmental analysis PY - 2022 SN - 978-1-6654-5860-3 DO - https://doi.org/10.1109/ISOEN54820.2022.9789636 SP - 1 EP - 3 AN - OPUS4-56574 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Tiebe, Carlo A1 - Johann, Sergej T1 - Adaptable multi-sensor device for gas detection N2 - Innovation is the catalyst for the technology of the future. It is important to develop new and better technologies that can continuously monitor the environmental impact, e.g., for air Quality control or emission detection. In the recently at BAM developed Universal Pump Sensor Control (UPSC3) module, different components and sensors are fused. The combination of the individual components makes the UPSC3 module an excellent monitoring and reference system for the development and characterization of gas specific sensors. Measurements over long periods are possible, for mixed gas loads or for certain gas measurements. The System is part of a mobile sensor network of several sensor units, which can also be used as standalone systems. T2 - Networked Environmental Monitoring – from sensor principles to novel services CY - BAM, Berlin, Germany DA - 06.02.2018 KW - Environmental monitoring PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-44077 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Schukar, Vivien A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Beck, Uwe T1 - Abschlussbericht zum DFG-Projekt „FAMOS²“ FAser-basierter Magneto-Optischer SchichtSensor N2 - Der Mangel an Anwendungsrichtlinien und Validierungsverfahren für struktur-eingebettete faseroptische Dehnungssensoren, insbesondere auf Faser-Bragg-Gitter (FBG)-Basis, führte bislang dazu, dass diese Sensoren trotz ihrer hervorragenden Eigenschaften im Bereich der kommerziellen Material- und Strukturüberwachung nur in geringem Umfange eingesetzt wurden. Fragen zur Degradation der Sensoren unter Beanspruchung, Alterung durch klimatische Einflüsse und Enthaftung infolge Belastung der Struktur konnten bisher nur theoretisch simuliert oder anhand exemplarischer Proben für einzelne einflussnehmende Parameter im Labor untersucht werden. Die Erfassung des Sensorverhaltens im Bauteil unter komplexen Umwelteinflüssen während des Bauteilbetriebes, um damit eine Aussage zur Zuverlässigkeit der Sensormessdaten zu gewinnen, war bisher nicht möglich. Im Forschungsprojekt FAMOS² wurde deshalb von 2014 bis 2018 die Realisierung eines Autodiagnoseverfahrens für faseroptische Dehnungssensoren erarbeitet, um die Funktionszuverlässigkeit und Langzeitstabilität der Sensoren während des Bauteilbetriebes innerhalb einer Bauteilstruktur bewerten zu können. Im Rahmen des Forschungsprojektes wurde gezeigt, dass ein FBG-Sensor mit einer speziell angepassten magnetostriktiven Schicht magnetisch so angeregt werden kann, dass mit einer zugeschnittenen Messmethodik zu jedem Zeitpunkt eine Bewertung der Sensorzuverlässigkeit unter Betriebsbedingungen möglich ist. Die auf den Sensor aufgebrachte magnetostriktive Schicht erzeugt bei Anregung mit einem passenden Magnetfeld eine gepulste, synthetische Dehnung. Diese Dehnung steht in einem definierten Verhältnis zum anregenden Magnetfeld und wird optisch über die Verschiebung der Bragg-Wellenlänge ausgelesen. Die Konstanz dieses Verhältnisses stellt dann ein Maß für die korrekte Funktionsfähigkeit des Sensors dar. Das Beschichtungs-verfahren, das magnetische Anregungs- und optische Ausleseverfahren, wie auch die Validierung des Sensors unter Berücksichtigung faseroptischer Effekte wurden während des Projekts konzeptionell entwickelt, aufgebaut und charakterisiert. Qualitativ kann mit diesem Verfahren zunächst eine Gut-/Schlecht-Beurteilung des Sensors vorgenommen werden. Perspektivisch bietet das Verfahren jedoch auch die Möglichkeit, verschiedene Versagensmechanismen bestimmen und klassifizieren zu können. Es zeichnete sich schon während des Projektverlaufs ab, dass sich aus den erzielten Ergebnissen über das Autodiagnoseverfahren hinaus weitere Anwendungsmöglichkeiten für den Einsatz des kombinierten magnetostriktiv-faseroptischen Sensorprinzips, beispielsweise als reiner Magnetfeldsensor, ergeben. Nach Abschluss dieses Forschungsprojekts besteht nun die Möglichkeit, den Funktionszustand faseroptischer Dehnungssensoren jederzeit unabhängig von Alter, Belastung oder Kenntnis eines Referenzzustands zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt bestimmen zu können. Aufbauend auf diesen Ergebnissen können weiterführende Forschungen die Messmethodik vertiefend charakterisieren und weitere Anwendungsfälle erschließen. KW - Faser-Bragg-Gitter (FBG) KW - Sensorvalidierung KW - Magnetostriktive Beschichtung KW - Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) PY - 2018 N1 - Das Dokument unterliegt der Vertraulichkeit und kann nicht zugänglich gemacht werden - Projektlaufzeit: 01.04.2014 - 31.07.2018 The document is subject to confidentiality restrictions and cannot be made accessible - project runtime: 01.04.2014 - 31.07.2018 SP - 1 EP - 28 AN - OPUS4-50418 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Johann, Sergej A1 - Wu, Cheng-Chieh A1 - Gründer, Klaus-Peter A1 - Kadoke, Daniel T1 - 3D-Gestalts- und -Verformungsmessung - Anwendungsbeispiele N2 - Der Fokus des Arbeitsfelds ist die messtechnisch fundierte Anwendung der 3D-Verfahrenskombination zur Lösung vielfältiger Messaufgaben mit optimaler Datenqualität für interne und externe Kunden. Das setzt insbesondere eine jeweils problembezogene Messmethodik voraus. Dazu setzen wir kameragestützte 3D-Koordinatenmessverfahren ein, die auf dem fotogrammetrischen Prinzip der Bildtriangulation beruhen. Darunter fallen folgende miteinander flexibel kombinierbare Verfahrensmodifikationen: Mehrbildfotogrammetrie, Messadapter für Geometriemerkmale, Streifenprojektionsverfahren, statische bis hochdynamische Stereofotogrammetrie auf Punktebasis oder aufgabenangepasster Oberflächenmuster und mechanisch-optische Taster. T2 - 5th International Conference on Smart Monitoring, Assessment and Rehabilitation of Civil Structures (SMAR 2019) CY - Potsdam, Germany DA - 27.08.2019 KW - 3D-Verformungsmessung KW - Koordinatenmessung KW - Verschiebungsfeld PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-48791 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -