TY - CONF A1 - Beck, Uwe A1 - Mitzkus, Anja A1 - Sahre, Mario A1 - Weise, Matthias A1 - Köppe, Enrico A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Basedau, Frank A1 - Hofmann, Detlef A1 - Schukar, Vivien T1 - Faser-basierter magneto-optischer Schicht-Sensor zum Monitoring von Bauteilen N2 - In Glasfasern eingeschriebene Bragg-Gitter (FBG: fibre-based Bragg gratings) sind über die Verschiebung der Bragg-Wellenlänge in der Lage, Stauchungen und Dehnungen von Glasfasern hochgenau zu erfassen. In Kompositwerkstoffe eingebettete faseroptische Sensoren können Bauteile bezüglich ihrer mechanischen Integrität überwachen und früh-zeitig Informationen über Materialveränderungen gewinnen. Um die Zuverlässigkeit eines solchen Sensors zu gewährleisten, ist es wichtig, die korrekte Funktion des Sensors im Verbund mit der Werkstoff-Matrix on-line und in-situ sicherzu-stellen. Im Rahmen des DFG-Projekts FAMOS² (FAser-basierter Magneto-Optischer SchichtSensor) wurde ein selbstdiagnosefähiger Schichtsensor entwickelt, der mit Hilfe von magnetostriktiven Aktorschichten aus Nickel bzw. Eisen-Nickel validiert werden kann. Der FAMOS²-Schichtsensor wird durch ein PVD (physical vapour deposition)/ECD (electro-chemical deposition) Hybridschichtsystem realisiert, das auf dem Fasermantel im Bereich des FBG haftfest, homogen und langzeitfunktional abzuscheiden ist. Dabei wird in einem ersten Schritt ein etwa 100 Nanometer dünnes PVD-Schichtsystem aus Chrom und Kupfer als Haftvermittler auf der Glasfaser bzw. als leitfähige Startschicht für den nachfolgenden ECD-Prozess abgeschieden. Um eine rotationssymmetrische Schich-tabscheidung zu gewährleisten, erfolgt während der PVD-Beschichtung eine Rotation der Glasfasern. In einem zweiten Schritt wird dann unter Verwendung eines klassischen Watts-Elektrolyten in einer speziell entwickelten ebenfalls rotationssymmetrisch aufgebau-ten ECD-Durchströmungszelle dann die etwa 30 Mikrometer dicke, magnetostriktive Ak-torschicht auf dem PVD-Schichtsystem abgeschieden, im Vergleich sowohl reine Nickel-Schichten als auch Nickel-Eisen-Schichten. Ein äußeres Magnetfeld dehnt die magnetostriktive Aktorschicht und damit auch die Faser reversibel. Diese Dehnung führt zu einer Verschiebung der Bragg-Wellenlänge, welche direkt mit der Stärke eines zu messenden oder zu Validierungszwecken vorgegebenen Magnetfeldes korreliert. Die Anpassung der Beschichtungsverfahren an die Fasergeome-trie und die mechanischen Eigenschaften der Hybridschichten werden hinsichtlich der me-chanischen Integrität des faseroptischen Sensors diskutiert und der Nachweis der Selbst-diagnosefähigkeit erbracht. T2 - 13. ThGOT Thementage Grenz- und Oberflächentechnik und 11. Thüringer Biomaterial-Kolloquium CY - Zeulenroda, Germany DA - 13.03.2018 KW - Magneto-optischer Sensor KW - Faser-Bragg Gitter KW - Magnetostriktive Beschichtung KW - Selbstkalibrierung KW - Bauteilmonitoring PY - 2018 SN - 978-3-00-058187-8 SP - 1 EP - 5 CY - Jena AN - OPUS4-44599 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Schukar, Vivien A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Beck, Uwe T1 - Abschlussbericht zum DFG-Projekt „FAMOS²“ FAser-basierter Magneto-Optischer SchichtSensor N2 - Der Mangel an Anwendungsrichtlinien und Validierungsverfahren für struktur-eingebettete faseroptische Dehnungssensoren, insbesondere auf Faser-Bragg-Gitter (FBG)-Basis, führte bislang dazu, dass diese Sensoren trotz ihrer hervorragenden Eigenschaften im Bereich der kommerziellen Material- und Strukturüberwachung nur in geringem Umfange eingesetzt wurden. Fragen zur Degradation der Sensoren unter Beanspruchung, Alterung durch klimatische Einflüsse und Enthaftung infolge Belastung der Struktur konnten bisher nur theoretisch simuliert oder anhand exemplarischer Proben für einzelne einflussnehmende Parameter im Labor untersucht werden. Die Erfassung des Sensorverhaltens im Bauteil unter komplexen Umwelteinflüssen während des Bauteilbetriebes, um damit eine Aussage zur Zuverlässigkeit der Sensormessdaten zu gewinnen, war bisher nicht möglich. Im Forschungsprojekt FAMOS² wurde deshalb von 2014 bis 2018 die Realisierung eines Autodiagnoseverfahrens für faseroptische Dehnungssensoren erarbeitet, um die Funktionszuverlässigkeit und Langzeitstabilität der Sensoren während des Bauteilbetriebes innerhalb einer Bauteilstruktur bewerten zu können. Im Rahmen des Forschungsprojektes wurde gezeigt, dass ein FBG-Sensor mit einer speziell angepassten magnetostriktiven Schicht magnetisch so angeregt werden kann, dass mit einer zugeschnittenen Messmethodik zu jedem Zeitpunkt eine Bewertung der Sensorzuverlässigkeit unter Betriebsbedingungen möglich ist. Die auf den Sensor aufgebrachte magnetostriktive Schicht erzeugt bei Anregung mit einem passenden Magnetfeld eine gepulste, synthetische Dehnung. Diese Dehnung steht in einem definierten Verhältnis zum anregenden Magnetfeld und wird optisch über die Verschiebung der Bragg-Wellenlänge ausgelesen. Die Konstanz dieses Verhältnisses stellt dann ein Maß für die korrekte Funktionsfähigkeit des Sensors dar. Das Beschichtungs-verfahren, das magnetische Anregungs- und optische Ausleseverfahren, wie auch die Validierung des Sensors unter Berücksichtigung faseroptischer Effekte wurden während des Projekts konzeptionell entwickelt, aufgebaut und charakterisiert. Qualitativ kann mit diesem Verfahren zunächst eine Gut-/Schlecht-Beurteilung des Sensors vorgenommen werden. Perspektivisch bietet das Verfahren jedoch auch die Möglichkeit, verschiedene Versagensmechanismen bestimmen und klassifizieren zu können. Es zeichnete sich schon während des Projektverlaufs ab, dass sich aus den erzielten Ergebnissen über das Autodiagnoseverfahren hinaus weitere Anwendungsmöglichkeiten für den Einsatz des kombinierten magnetostriktiv-faseroptischen Sensorprinzips, beispielsweise als reiner Magnetfeldsensor, ergeben. Nach Abschluss dieses Forschungsprojekts besteht nun die Möglichkeit, den Funktionszustand faseroptischer Dehnungssensoren jederzeit unabhängig von Alter, Belastung oder Kenntnis eines Referenzzustands zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt bestimmen zu können. Aufbauend auf diesen Ergebnissen können weiterführende Forschungen die Messmethodik vertiefend charakterisieren und weitere Anwendungsfälle erschließen. KW - Faser-Bragg-Gitter (FBG) KW - Sensorvalidierung KW - Magnetostriktive Beschichtung KW - Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) PY - 2018 N1 - Das Dokument unterliegt der Vertraulichkeit und kann nicht zugänglich gemacht werden - Projektlaufzeit: 01.04.2014 - 31.07.2018 The document is subject to confidentiality restrictions and cannot be made accessible - project runtime: 01.04.2014 - 31.07.2018 SP - 1 EP - 28 AN - OPUS4-50418 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Hirschberger, Paul A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias ED - Zemčík, R. ED - Krystek, J. T1 - Influence of rotor downwash on vertically displaced nanobots in flight N2 - One challenge associated with navigating a nano aerial robot swarm indoors in unstructured environments is, i.a., the limited air space. To avoid an over-regulation of the available indoor air space (e.g., prohibit copters to fly above each other), a safety region around each copter must be defined. In this paper, we investigate the impact of the downwash of a nano-drone on the stability of another nearby nano-drone. In the experiments, we found out that this downwash has a negative influence of a second nano-drone in a distance of around 1 m vertically and 0.2 m horizontally. Based on the obtained data, we developed a model describing the above-mentioned safety region to enable a safe operation of the swarm in these environments with fewer constraints. T2 - 36th Danubia-Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Pilsen, Czech Republic DA - 24.09.2019 KW - Mobile Robot Olfaction KW - Nano aerial robot KW - Swarm KW - Collision-free navigation KW - Safety region model PY - 2020 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.03.047 VL - 32 IS - 2 SP - 108 EP - 111 PB - Elsevier Ltd. CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-50673 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Real-time wind estimation on a micro unmanned aerial vehicle using its inertial measurement unit N2 - This paper presents an approach for a quadrocoper-based micro unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) that estimates the wind vector (speed and direction) in real-time based on measurement data of its on-board sensors only. This method does not need any additional airspeed sensor or dedicated anemometer, and thus the micro UAV's valuable payload remains free for other sensors. Wind tunnel and field tests were used to evaluate the performance of the approach. In order to quantify its accuracy, experiments are presented where data was collected with an anemometer placed in an open field with the micro UAV in flight following a predefined trajectory around the anemometer and hovering at a defined position close to it. KW - Micro unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) KW - Quadrocopter KW - Real-time KW - Inertial measurement unit (IMU) KW - Airspeed calibration KW - Wind estimation (speed and direction) PY - 2015 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2015.09.036 SN - 0924-4247 VL - 235 SP - 300 EP - 310 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Amsterdam [u.a.] AN - OPUS4-34737 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Lazik, D. T1 - Near real-time reconstruction of 2D soil gas distribution from a regular network of linear gas sensors N2 - A monitoring method is introduced that creates, in near real-time, two-dimensional (2D) maps of the soil gas distribution. The method combines linear gas sensing technology for in-situ monitoring of gases in soil with the mapping capabilities of Computed Tomography (CT) to reconstruct spatial and temporal resolved gas distribution maps. A weighted iterative algebraic reconstruction method based on Maximum Likelihood with Expectation Maximization (MLEM) in combination with a source-by-source reconstruction approach is introduced that works with a sparse setup of orthogonally-aligned linear gas sensors. The reconstruction method successfully reduces artifact production, especially when multiple gas sources are present, allowing the discrimination between true and non-existing so-called ghost source locations. A first experimental test indicates the high potential of the proposed method for, e.g., rapid gas leak localization. T2 - IEEE Sensors 2015 CY - Busan, South Korea DA - 01.11.2015 KW - Distributed linear sensor KW - Membrane-based gas sensing KW - Subsurface monitoring KW - Gas storage areas KW - Computed tomography PY - 2015 SN - 978-1-4799-8202-8 SN - 1930-0395 SP - 1550 EP - 1553 PB - IEEE AN - OPUS4-34849 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - High dynamic measurement of strain and acceleration using a multichannel measuring system with single cable serial connection T2 - 32nd Danubia-Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Stary Smokovec, Slovakia DA - 2015-09-22 PY - 2015 AN - OPUS4-34367 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Kammermeier, Michael A1 - Koeppe, Tabea A1 - Werner, Klaus-Dieter ED - Nicoletto, G. ED - Pastrama, S.D. ED - Emri, I. T1 - High dynamic measurement of strain and acceleration using a multichannel measuring system with single cable serial connection N2 - Strain and acceleration measurement during high dynamic drop tests, e.g., of containments for dangerous goods is performed using high speed multichannel measuring systems. So far established and operated systems need a cable connection of every strain gauge and acceleration sensor with the measuring device, often counting up to a number of more than 100 cables, corresponding to the number of applied sensors. The result is a massive cable harness consisting of all single cables, which is difficult to handle and causes a number of practical problems. An innovative approach is proposed by using a single cable measuring system, consisting of measuring modules with data bus connection and local data acquisition. Promising results were presented in a previous study. This paper follows up with additional results from full-scale testing of a further enhanced single cable system for the application in drop tests. T2 - 32nd DANUBIA ADRIA SYMPOSIUM on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Starý Smokovec, Slovakia DA - 22.09.2015 KW - Multichannel measuring KW - Single cable serial connection KW - Dangerous goods container KW - Drop test KW - High impact testing PY - 2016 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2016.03.023 SN - 2214-7853 VL - 3 IS - 4 SP - 931 EP - 935 PB - Elsevier Ltd. AN - OPUS4-35689 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Petrov, Sergej A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Werner, Klaus-Dieter A1 - Wosniok, Aleksander A1 - Lazik, D. A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias ED - Nicoletto, G. ED - Pastrama, S.D. ED - Emri, I. T1 - Concept for investigating mechanical and thermal impacts on distributed subsurface gas monitoring N2 - A multifunctional sensor in line shape was developed and introduced in previous work for measuring of gas concentrations, temperature change, and strain. A current field study focuses on a spatially distributed monitoring of subsurface CO 2 gas storage sites in near real time. Mechanical impacts, e.g., caused by construction work, denudation, and seismic activity, can affect the integrity of underground gas storage sites. Thermal or moisture impacts, e.g., caused by weather conditions, can influence the gas Distribution behavior. In this paper, we briefly describe the setup of a CO 2 injection soil test field. This setup contains actuating elements for the investigation of mechanical and thermal impacts on distributed subsurface gas monitoring. A concept is given for evaluating these impacts and first experimental results are presented. T2 - 32nd DANUBIA ADRIA SYMPOSIUM on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Starý Smokovec, Slovakia DA - 22.09.2015 KW - Linear sensor KW - Distributed sensor KW - Monitoring of CO 2 KW - Subsurface monitoring KW - Gas storage areas KW - Membrane-based gas sensing KW - Fibre optical sensing PY - 2016 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2016.03.060 SN - 2214-7853 VL - 3 IS - 4 SP - 1124 EP - 1128 PB - Elsevier Ltd. AN - OPUS4-35688 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Ebert, S. A1 - Lazik, D. A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias ED - Nicoletto, G. ED - Dan Pastrama, S. ED - Emri, I. T1 - Inverse calibration routine for linear soil gas sensors N2 - Gas sensors in linear form based on the measuring principle of gas selective permeability through a membrane were developed and introduced for the detection and quantification of gas concentrations. A current field study focuses on measuring CO2 concentrations for a spatially distributed monitoring of subsurface CO2 gas storage sites in near real time. A 400 m² test site and a corresponding laboratory system were built up to characterize, validate, and optimize the sensor. A calibration routine was developed, which can be applied subsequently to underground installation. First measurement results indicate the potential of the method. T2 - 32nd Danubia Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Starý Smokovec, Slovakia DA - 22.09.2015 KW - Linear sensor KW - Distributed sensor KW - Subsurface monitoring KW - Gas storage areas KW - Membrane-based gas sensing KW - Calibration PY - 2016 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221478531600256X DO - https://doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2016.03.051 SN - 2214-7853 VL - 3 IS - 4 SP - 1074 EP - 1078 PB - Elsevier Ltd. AN - OPUS4-35633 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Lazik, D. A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Tomographic reconstruction of soil gas distribution from multiple gas sources based on sparse sampling N2 - A monitoring method is introduced that creates twodimensional (2D) maps of the soil gas distribution. The method combines linear gas sensing technology for in-situ monitoring of gases in soil with the mapping capabilities of Computed Tomography (CT) to reconstruct spatial and temporal resolved gas distribution maps. A weighted iterative algebraic reconstruction method based on Maximum Likelihood with Expectation Maximization (MLEM) in combination with a source-by-source reconstruction approach is introduced that works with a sparse setup of orthogonally-aligned linear gas sensors. The reconstruction method successfully reduces artifact production, especially when multiple gas sources are present, allowing the discrimination between true and non-existing so-called ghost source locations. Experimental validation by controlled field experiments indicates the high potential of the proposed method for rapid gas leak localization and quantification with respect to Pipeline or underground gas storage issues. KW - Computed tomography KW - Gas distribution mapping and gas source localization KW - Discrimination of multiple gas sources KW - Distributed linear sensor KW - Membrane-based gas sensing KW - Subsurface monitoring KW - Gas storage areas PY - 2016 DO - https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2016.2545103 SN - 1530-437X VL - 16 IS - 11 SP - 4501 EP - 4508 PB - IEEE - Inst. Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc CY - Hoes Lane, NJ, USA AN - OPUS4-36228 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lazik, D. A1 - Ebert, S. A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Characteristic length measurement of a subsurface gas anomaly - A monitoring approach for heterogeneous flow path distributions N2 - Geogenic gases from natural sources, carbon dioxide (CO2) from a geological repository (carbon capture and storage - CCS) or a leaking gas pipeline can present serious risks in industrial and urban areas. To extend the lead time for risk treatment in such critical regions, reliable detection of gases within the shallow subsurface is required to observe critical gas accumulations before degassing into the atmosphere. A near real-time monitoring approach is introduced to determine the volumetric expansion of a leakinggas in the subsurface. Considering the pressure relaxation with the ambient air pressure, the approach enables the forecasting of the final size of a pressurized gas body in terms of characteristic lengths. According to theoretical basics, such a characteristic length, which enables us to perform a gas (safety) measurement based on a purely geometrical measure, behaves independently of subsurface properties,i.e., it enables a reliable quantification of the escaping gas irrespective of its heterogeneous or changingflow path distribution. A field test for a 10 l/min pinhole leakage injected into a 10 m long, 0.4 m wide, 0.95 m deep soil-filled trench that was equipped with linear sensors shows the lateral-vertical volumetric gas expansion along these sensors, and demonstrates the applicability of the characteristic length approach. KW - Monitoring KW - Carbon capture and storage KW - Leakage KW - Quantification KW - Subsurface KW - CO2 PY - 2016 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2016.02.008 SN - 1750-5836 VL - 2016 IS - 47 SP - 330 EP - 341 PB - Elsevier B.V. AN - OPUS4-35425 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppe, Enrico A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Daum, Werner A1 - Gong, Xin A1 - Hofmann, Detlef A1 - Basedau, Frank A1 - Schukar, Vivien A1 - Westphal, Anja A1 - Sahre, Mario A1 - Beck, Uwe T1 - New self diagnostic fiber optical sensor technique for structural health monitoring N2 - Fiber optic sensors have gained increasing importance in recent years and are well established in many areas of industrial applications. In this paper, we introduce a concept of a self-diagnostic fiber optic sensor. The presented sensor is to resolve the problems of embedded fiber optic sensors in complex structures and to enable the validation under operational conditions. For this purpose, different magnetostrictive coated fiber optic sensors were developed and various experiments were performed to verify their mode of operation and to determine the respective reproducibility. The measuring principle is illustrated by obtained experimental results, which showed a change in wavelength from 1 pm at a magnetic field strength change of 0.25 mT. In addition, the temperature characteristics of the implemented magnetostrictive sensor were analyzed and an experimental factor of 1.5 compared to a reference fiber optic sensor was determined. T2 - 32nd Danubia-Adria Symposium on advances in experimental mechanics CY - Starý Smokovec, Slovakia DA - 22.09.2015 PY - 2015 SN - 978-80-554-1094-4 SP - 1 EP - 2 CY - Zilina AN - OPUS4-35173 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Melzer, Michael A1 - Fischer, Michael A1 - Thomas, Marcus A1 - Subaric-Leitis, Andreas A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Calibration Service as a Gateway to Sustainable Research and Development N2 - Over decades, the German Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) has established a sophisticated calibration laboratory for force, temperature and electrical quantities. Since more than 15 years it is accredited, currently by the national accreditation body (DAkkS), and offers its service also to external entities on a global scale. As a public provider, we are furthermore committed to research and development activities that demand measurements with highest quality and low level of uncertainties. Two R&D examples are highlighted within this contribution. T2 - SMSI 2020 CY - Meeting was canceled DA - 22.06.2020 KW - Calibration of force KW - Calibration of temperature KW - Calibration of electrical quantities KW - Measurement uncertainty KW - New sensor principles PY - 2020 SN - 978-3-9819376-2-6 DO - https://doi.org/10.5162/SMSI2020/E3.3 SP - 374 EP - 375 AN - OPUS4-51222 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Hirschberger, Paul A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Flying Ant Robot – Aerial Chemical Trail Detection and Localization N2 - This paper presents first advances in the area of aerial chemical trail following. For that purpose, we equipped a palm-size aerial robot, based on the Crazyflie 2.0 quadrocopter, with a small lightweight metal oxide gas sensor for measuring evaporated ethanol from chemical trails. To detect and localize the chemical trail, a novel detection criterion was developed that uses only relative changes in the transient phase of the sensor response, making it more robust in its application. We tested our setup in first crossing-trail experiments showing that our flying ant robot is able to correlate an odor hit with the chemical trail within 0.14 m. Principally, this could enable aerial chemical trail following in the future. T2 - IEEE Sensors 2021 CY - Online meeting DA - 31.10.2021 KW - Nano aerial robot KW - Trail following KW - Trail detection KW - Localization PY - 2021 DO - https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors47087.2021.9639857 SP - 1 EP - 4 PB - IEEE AN - OPUS4-53933 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ullner, Christian A1 - Subaric-Leitis, Andreas A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Uncertainty of Elastoplastic Material Parameters Calculated from the Spherical Indentation in the Macro Range N2 - The applicability of three methods developed by finite element analysis (FEM) and proposed in the literature are studied on steel S355. Instrumented indentation tests using spherical indenters of radius 200 and 500 μ m are performed in the macro range at depths of more than 6 μ m. The results of the selected methods are compared with the tensile test. To evaluate the partially strongly varying results, the uncertainties of the calculated strain hardening exponent, n, and yield stress, Y, are estimated. Recommendations for an appropriated procedure of the indentation test are given. The machine compliance and the determination of the zero point of Depth play an essential role. If the certain conditions are considered, the instrumented indentation Tests can be used, in particular for investigations of specimens with inhomogeneous elastoplasticity. KW - Indentation KW - Elastoplastic material parameters KW - Uncertainty PY - 2021 DO - https://doi.org/10.1520/JTE20200683 SN - 0090-3973 VL - 49 IS - 6 SP - 4576 EP - 4592 PB - ASTM International AN - OPUS4-52416 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Hirschberger, Paul A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias ED - Holl, H. T1 - Aerial Chemical-Trail Detection and Localization N2 - This paper presents first advances in the area of aerial chemical trail following. For that purpose, we equipped a palm-size aerial robot, based on the Crazyflie 2.0 quadrocopter, with a small lightweight metal oxide gas sensor for measuring evaporated ethanol from chemical trails. To detect and localize the chemical trail, a novel detection criterion was developed that uses only relative changes in the transient phase of the sensor response, making it more robust in its application. We tested our setup in first crossing-trail experiments showing that our flying ant robot is able to correlate an odor hit with the chemical trail within 0.14 m. Principally, this could enable aerial chemical trail following in the future. T2 - 37th Danubia - Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Linz, Austria DA - 21.09.2021 KW - Nano aerial robot KW - Trail following KW - Trail detection KW - Localization PY - 2021 SN - 978-3-9504997-0-4 VL - 2021 SP - 39 EP - 40 AN - OPUS4-53409 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Hirschberger, Paul A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias ED - Holl, H. T1 - Flying ant robot for chemical trail detection and localization N2 - This paper presents first advances in the area of aerial chemical trail following. For that purpose, we equipped a palm-size aerial robot, based on the Crazyflie 2.0 quadrocopter, with a small lightweight metal oxide gas sensor for measuring evaporated ethanol from chemical trails. To detect and localize a 5 cm wide chemical trail, a detection criterion was developed that uses only relative changes in the transient phase of the sensor response. The reduction in signal strength dependence improves the robustness of its application. We tested our setup in first crossing-trail experiments showing that our flying ant robot can correlate an odor hit with the chemical trail within 0.14 m. Principally, this could enable aerial chemical trail following in the future. T2 - 37th Danubia - Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Linz, Austria DA - 21.09.2021 KW - Aerial robot KW - Trail following KW - Trail detection KW - Localization PY - 2022 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.02.594 SN - 2214-7853 VL - 62 SP - 2462 EP - 2465 PB - Elsevier Ltd. CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-54507 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Johann, Sergej A1 - Winkler, Nicolas P. A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias ED - Kourkoulis, S. K. T1 - Multi-sensor system for long-term monitoring with WiFi and LoRaWAN technology N2 - In many cases, science falls back on self-developed prototype systems, which are used and developed for the measurement and execution of the tasks. About 80 % of the development is based on the same hardware design, which is used in only one application scenario and then discarded. For the most part, there are also uncalibrated sensors, since it is costly to calibrate a complicated sensor measurement system or the entire measurement chain since access to the sensor systems is not always available. This paper describes a conceptual design to implement a versatile sensor system with the motivation to fuse the data recording and data reception, which can cover large areas with the help of LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Network) technology. To overcome disadvantages of LoRaWAN, namely the slow data rates, the proposed sensor system can also cover smaller areas with the widespread WiFi technology. An enormous advantage over individual complete systems in the form of a prototype, is the rapid expansion, uncomplicated calibration of the individual sensors and the ecological relief. A modular design is used, where individual stacks with sensors and peripherals can be added separately. The stacks are standalone low-power systems and can be calibrated, maintained, and replaced separately and do not require the entire measurement chain. The measured and sent values are stored locally on the main stack and sent to the data collector (gateway) and evaluated by means of the automated selection between WiFi and LoRaWAN. T2 - 38th Danubia-Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Athens, Greece DA - 20.09.2022 KW - Multisensor system KW - LoRaWAN KW - WiFi KW - Long term monitoring PY - 2022 SP - 1 EP - 2 AN - OPUS4-56462 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Lazik, D. A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Leak detection with linear soil gas sensors under field conditions - First experiences running a new measurement technique N2 - A 400 m² soil test field with gas injection system was built up, which enables an experimental validation of linear gas sensors for specific applications and gases in an application-relevant scale. Several injection and soil watering experiments with carbon dioxide (CO2) at different days with varying boundary conditions were performed indicating the potential of the method for, e.g., rapid leakage detection with respect to Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) issues. T2 - IEEE Sensors 2016 CY - Orlando, FL, USA DA - 30.10.2016 KW - Soil test field KW - Membrane-based linear gas sensor KW - Leak detection KW - Field conditions PY - 2016 SN - 978-1-4799-8287-5 SN - 1930-0395 SP - B-3-65, 757 EP - 759 PB - IEEE AN - OPUS4-38244 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. T1 - Leak detection with linear soil gas sensors under field conditions - First experiences running a new measurement technique N2 - A 400 m² soil test field with gas injection system was built up, which enables an experimental validation of linear gas sensors for specific applications and gases in an application-relevant scale. Several injection and soil watering experiments with carbon dioxide (CO2) at different days with varying boundary conditions were performed indicating the potential of the method for, e.g., rapid leakage detection with respect to Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) issues. T2 - IEEE Sensors 2016 CY - Orlando, FL, USA DA - 30.10.2016 KW - Soil test field KW - Membrane-based linear gas sensor KW - Leak detection KW - Field conditions PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-38247 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schukar, Vivien A1 - Gong, Xin A1 - Hofmann, Detlef A1 - Basedau, Frank A1 - Köppe, Enrico A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Westphal, Anja A1 - Sahre, Mario A1 - Beck, Uwe ED - Berghmans, F. ED - Mignani, A. G. T1 - Modelling and simulation of a fibre Bragg grating strain sensor based on a magnetostrictive actuator principle N2 - A new concept for the self-diagnosis of embedded fiber Bragg grating (FBG) strain sensors was developed, simulated and experimentally tested. This concept is based on a magnetostrictive metallic layer directly coated on the fibre cladding over the grating segment of the FBG sensor, so that an on-demand external magnetic field in a millitesla scale can produce a controllable artificial strain as an indication signal for the remote optical interrogator. The relationship between the pre-defined magnetic field and its induced Bragg wavelength shift characterizes this validation concept. Any deviation of the local bonding state of the interfaces from the initial or/and any change of shear strain transferring mechanism from composite matrix to the optical fibre core will result in alterations in this sensitive relationship, and thus triggers an immediate alert for a further inspection. The finite element method is used to simulate the strain of this configuration as result of different values of the magnetic field in order to optimize the geometrical sensor parameters. The simulations are verified by experiments results. © (2016) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only. T2 - Optical Sensing and Detection IV CY - Brüssel, Belgium DA - 03.04.2016 KW - Fiber Bragg gratings KW - Actuators KW - Modeling and simulation KW - Finite element methods PY - 2016 SN - 9781510601444 DO - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2224728 SN - 0277-786X SN - 1996-756X VL - 9899 SP - 9899-39 PB - SPIE Digital Library AN - OPUS4-38634 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Werner, Klaus-Dieter A1 - Petrov, Sergej A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Lazik, D. ED - Puente León, F. ED - Zagar, B. T1 - Aufbau eines großflächigen Testfeldes für verteilte Bodengassensorik und Untersuchung einer Monitoringmethode basierend auf Tomographie T1 - Setup of a large-scale test field for distributed soil gas sensors and testing of a monitoring method based on tomography N2 - A 400 m² soil test field with gas injection system was built up for the purpose of large-scale validation, optimization, and characterization of a novel comprehensive monitoring method for underground gas storage areas. The method combines gas sensing technology with linear form factor for in-situ monitoring of gases in soil with the mapping capabilities of Computed Tomography (CT) to reconstruct time-series of gas distribution maps based on samples of orthogonally-aligned linear gas sensors. Several injection experiments with carbon dioxide (CO2) at different days with varying boundary conditions indicates the potential of the method for, e.g., rapid leakage detection with respect to Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) issues. N2 - Zur Validierung, Optimierung und praxisnahen Demonstration eines flächendeckenden Monitoringverfahrens für Untergrundgasspeichern wurde ein 400 m² großes Testfeld mit Gasinjektionssystem auf dem BAM Testgelände Technische Sicherheit aufgebaut. Die Methode kombiniert verteilte, linienförmige Gassensorik für die In-situ-Überwachung von Gasen im Boden mit den Mapping-Fähigkeiten der Computertomographie (CT). Auf Basis von orthogonal zueinander ausgerichteten linearen Gassensoren können mit diesem Verfahren so Zeitreihen der Gasverteilung rekonstruiert werden. Experimente mit Kohlendioxid (CO2) zeigen das Potential des Verfahrens zur schnellen Lokalisierung von Leckagen auf. KW - Soil test field KW - Distributed linear sensor KW - Membrane-based gas sensing KW - Subsurface monitoring KW - Gas storage areas KW - Computed tomography PY - 2016 DO - https://doi.org/10.1515/teme-2016-0015 SN - 2196-7113 SN - 0171-8096 VL - 83 IS - 10 SP - 606 EP - 615 PB - Walter de Gruyter GmbH CY - Berlin, Deutschland AN - OPUS4-37653 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Schukar, Vivien T1 - Intelligent automatic validation of structure-integrated fibre optic strain sensors N2 - Identification of physical faulty fibre optic strain sensors embedded in safety-relevant structures or systems and detection of abnormal measurement data to prevent misinterpretation of critical operating parameters and misleading of management and control systems. T2 - 33rd Danubia- Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Portorož, Slovenia DA - 20.09.2016 KW - Fiber bragg grating KW - Magnetic field KW - Magnetostrictive metal coating KW - Self-diagnostic fiber optical sensor PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-37642 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. T1 - Validation of membrane-based linear soil gas sensors – results from repetitive CO2 injection experiments performed in the field N2 - This work presents first results from repeti-tive CO2 injection experiments performed on a recently built-up 400 m² soil test field with gas injection system. The test field contains 48 membrane-based linear gas sensors that were installed in several depths of the test field. Sensors for measuring meteorological parameters (e.g., wind / rain) and the parameters soil temperature, soil moisture, and groundwater level were installed additionally. A more de-tailed description of the test field setup can be found in. A short description of the mem-brane-based linear gas sensors’ functional prin-ciple can be found in. T2 - 33rd Danubia- Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Portorož, Slovenia DA - 20.09.2016 KW - Distributed linear sensor KW - Gas distribution mapping and gas source localization KW - Gas storage areas KW - Membrane-based gas sensing KW - Subsurface monitoring PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-37643 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Lazik, D. A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias ED - Aulova, Alexandra ED - Rogelj Ritonja, A. ED - Emri, I. T1 - Validation of membrane-based linear soil gas sensors – results from repetitive CO2 injection experiments performed in the field N2 - This work presents first results from repetitive CO2 injection experiments performed on a recently built-up 400 m² soil test field with gas injection system. The test field contains 48 membrane-based linear gas sensors that were installed in several depths of the test field. Sensors for measuring meteorological parameters (e.g., wind / rain) and the parameters soil temperature, soil moisture, and groundwater level were installed additionally. T2 - 33rd Danubia- Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Portorož, Slovenia DA - 20.09.2016 KW - Distributed linear sensor KW - Gas distribution mapping and gas source localization KW - Gas storage areas KW - Membrane-based gas sensing KW - Subsurface monitoring PY - 2016 SN - 978-961-94081-0-0 SP - 174 EP - 175 CY - Ljubljana AN - OPUS4-37644 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schukar, Vivien A1 - Köppe, Enrico A1 - Hofmann, Detlef A1 - Westphal, Anja A1 - Sahre, Mario A1 - Beck, Uwe A1 - Gong, Xing A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias ED - Aulova, Alexandra ED - Rogelj Ritonja, A. ED - Emri, I. T1 - A contribution to intelligent automatic validation of structure-integrated fibre optic strain sensors N2 - Sensors integrated into devices and structures provide essential data to control, optimize or manage machines and structural components. In the last years, processes, applications and machine parts became more and more intelligent. Consequently, the need for sensor validation increased significantly in order to rely on sensor data and measurement results. Structure-integrated fibre optic strain sensors, such as fiber Bragg gratings (FBG), are of special interest in the composite manufacturing industry. This type of sensor makes it possible to gain information and to collect measurement data about entire production processes and whole life-time cycles of composite-made machine parts and structures. However, validation concepts and approaches for this type of sensors are barely reported in literature. Furthermore, all the reported activities have the drawback that the sensor diagnosis strategy is implemented as limited mathematical models and/or complex time-consuming spectral analysis tools which are applied in data post-processing loops. However, to automate sensor validation and to apply real-time and in-field sensor fault detection, it is necessary to acquire measurement data and information about the measurement reliability at the same time. T2 - 33rd Danubia- Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Portorož, Slovenia DA - 20.09.2016 KW - Fiber bragg grating KW - Magnetic field KW - Magnetostrictive metal coating KW - Self-diagnostic fiber optical sensor PY - 2016 SN - 978-961-94081-0-0 SP - 180 EP - 181 CY - Ljubljana AN - OPUS4-37645 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Werner, Klaus-Dieter A1 - Kohlhoff, Harald A1 - Helmerich, Rosemarie A1 - Daum, Werner ED - Aulova, Alexandra ED - Rogelj Ritonja, A. ED - Emri, I. T1 - Long-Term measurement of vertical displacements at the outer concrete bridges of the Berlin Main Station N2 - Berlin Main Station is the largest multi-level station in Europe. Its daily passenger number amounts to over 300.000. Structures built for such a large number of people require a high-level safety standard. The station was built on the inner city site of the historic Lehrter Bahnhof. The conditions for building and start of operation were challenging by several reasons. The typical sandy ground with a high level of groundwater makes the permanent static stability of such a complex structure difficult. Several completed, ongoing, and planned construction activities in the immediate vicinity of the station influence the ground settlement of the whole area. On basis of the structural design an impact prediction was calculated, which expected certain vertical displacements particularly between the single columns of the outer concrete bridges of the building. These columns support the glass roof construction, which only allows a defined limit of displacement. In order to avoid damage, a concept for monitoring and adjusting potentially occurring displacements was developed for installation at the outer bridges of the station. T2 - 33rd Danubia- Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Portorož, Slovenia DA - 20.09.2016 KW - Berlin Main Station KW - Differential displacements KW - Hydraulic levelling system KW - Laser-based displacement measuring system KW - Monitoring KW - Strain measurements PY - 2016 SN - 978-961-94081-0-0 SP - 166 EP - 167 CY - Ljubljana AN - OPUS4-37646 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Bennetts, V. H. A1 - Lilienthal, A.J. A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - From Insects to Micro Air Vehicles - A Comparison of Reactive Plume Tracking Strategies N2 - Insect behavior is a common source of inspiration for roboticists and computer scientists when designing gas-sensitive mobile robots. More specifically, tracking airborne odor plumes and localization of distant gas sources are abilities that suit practical applications such as leak localization and emission monitoring. Gas sensing with mobile robots has been mostly addressed with ground-based platforms and under simplified conditions and thus, there exist a significant gap between the outstanding insect abilities and state of the art robotics systems. As a step towards practical applications, we evaluated the performance of three biologically inspired plume tracking algorithms. The evaluation is carried out not only with computer simulations, but also with real-world experiments in which, a quadrocopter-based micro Unmanned Aerial Vehicle autonomously follows a methane trail towards the emitting source. Compared to ground robots, micro UAVs bring several advantages such as their superior steering capabilities and fewer mobility restrictions in complex terrains. The experimental evaluation shows that, under certain environmental conditions, insect like behavior in gas-sensitive UAVs is feasible in real world environments. T2 - 13th International Conference on Intelligent Autonomous Systems (IAS) CY - Padova, Italy DA - 15.07.2014 KW - Autonomous micro UAV KW - Mobile robot olfaction KW - Gas source localization KW - Reactive plume tracking KW - Biologically inspired robots PY - 2014 SP - 1 EP - 12 AN - OPUS4-43920 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Schütze, A. T1 - Sensor network deployment N2 - Content • Fixed monitoring stations • Mobile monitoring stations (on trams, buses, cars) • Personal mobile monitoring systems • Environmental monitoring for agriculture and beyond • Sensors on flying platforms T2 - Networked Environmental Monitoring – from sensor principles to novel services CY - BAM, Berlin, Germany DA - 06.02.2018 KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Gas sensors PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-44073 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Johann, Sergej A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Characterization of the temperature behavior of a piezoresistive accelerometer N2 - Piezoresistive accelerometers use a strainsensing element, generally made of semiconductor material, e.g., silicon to convert the mechanical motion into an electrical signal. This element is usually designed in form of a cantilever beam loaded with a mass. Acceleration causes bending of the beam, which produces a change of electrical resistance proportional to the applied acceleration. Main advantages of piezoresistive accelerometers in comparison to other types, e.g., piezoelectric and capacitive, is their robust and highly dynamic behavior, which qualifies them for application in high impact shock applications. Mechanical damping is typically implemented with silicon oil in a way that the output signal is undistorted over a wide frequency range. These characteristics principally qualify them for the application in drop tests carried out at BAM, for which they are calibrated over the frequency range from 1 to 4 kHz. However, using silicon oil for damping, has the drawback of temperature dependent change of its viscosity, leading to temperature dependent deviation of the accelerometer’s sensitivity. This study presents experimental results of the temperature behavior of a piezoresistive accelerometer with a dynamic range up to ±5000 g. This type of accelerometer is applied for drop tests which are partially performed at temperatures of -40 or +100 °C. T2 - 34th Danubia-Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Trieste, Italy DA - 19.09.2017 KW - Piezoresistive accelerometers KW - Temperature behavior of a piezoresistive accelerometer KW - Hopkinson bar KW - Drop tests PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-42095 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Johann, Sergej A1 - Noske, Reinhard A1 - Feller, Viktor A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias ED - Vonau, Winfried ED - Cruvinel, P. ED - Chilibon, I. ED - Carvalho, V. ED - Sophocleous, M. T1 - Gas detection using a multi-sensor device with pump control and VOC sensor N2 - This paper deals with the development and investi-gation of a volatile organic compound (VOC) system for differ-ent scenarios. The integrated multi-sensor unit can detect dif-ferent gases through the integrated 3-fold VOC sensor, where-by a continuous measurement takes place. The system-integrated flow control, with pump and flow sensor, allows the gas molecules to be transported directly to the VOC sensor. The entire measurement is permanently stored on an integrat-ed Secure Digital (SD) card. If the previously determined limit range is exceeded, an alarm is generated. Due to the combina-tion of different components, numerous applications are possi-ble. The system is the first step or a tool towards further devel-opments in the field of gas sensors and is primarily used for the validation of chemically based gas sensors, and it is still largely extended by application-specific influences. T2 - Sensordevices 2017 - The Eighth International Conference on Sensor Device Technologies and Applications CY - Rome, Italy DA - 2017-09-10 KW - Gas detection KW - VOC KW - Pump control KW - Multi sensor device PY - 2017 SN - 978-1-61208-581-4 SP - 1 EP - 4 CY - Rome, Italy AN - OPUS4-42097 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. T1 - Multifunktionaler Sensor zur Überwachung von Untergrundspeichern durch flächendeckendes ortsaufgelöstes Monitoring von Gasen, Temperatur und Gefügebewegungen im Boden N2 - Untergrundspeicher für Roh- und Abfallstoffe gewinnen zunehmend an Bedeutung. Verwendet werden sie vor allem für Stoffe wie Erdgas, Wasserstoff, Erdöl und neuerdings auch für Kohlen-stoffdioxid (CO2). Diese Stoffe werden meist unter Druck in Kavernen- oder Porenspeichern einge-lagert. Die Speicher dienen einerseits zum Ausgleich von Ungleichgewichten zwischen Ange-bot/Förderung und Nachfrage/Verbrauch und zur Erhöhung der Versorgungssicherheit. Anderer-seits bestehen Konzepte Abfallstoffe oder Gefahrstoffe für die Umwelt (aktuell CO2-Speicherung) dort für lange Zeiträume einzulagern. Mit den Einlagerungsstoffen verbunden ist ein signifikantes Gefahrenpotential für Mensch und Umwelt, falls es trotz aller Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu einem unkontrollierten Austritt dieser Stoffe kommen sollte. Daher kommt dem Monitoring derartiger Untergrundspeicher und den darüber befindlichen Bodenstrukturen eine extrem hohe Bedeutung zu. Ein hochaktuelles Beispiel, das die Überwachung entsprechender Bodenflächen fordert, ist die unterirdische CO2-Speicherung im Rahmen der CO2-Abscheidung und -Speicherung (Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage, CCS). CCS gilt als wichtige Brückentechnologie der Energiewirtschaft und wird weltweit vorangetrieben, während die Sicherheit von Bevölkerung und Biosphäre noch kont-rovers diskutiert wird. Auch die EU setzt auf CCS und gibt in der EU-Richtlinie 2009/31 als Ziel-setzung bis 2015 vor, 15 Pilotanlagen zu bauen und in Betrieb zu nehmen. Als Bedingung für die Genehmigung der CO2-Speicherung ist explizit die Überwachung der Speicheranlagen durch Monito-ring vorgeschrieben, wobei die technisch besten Lösungen zum Einsatz kommen sollen. Das zu entwickelnde Messsystem adressiert neben den o.g. Anwendungsfeldern weitere, bei denen insbesondere die Emission von Gasen ein Risiko für Mensch und Umwelt darstellt oder wirt-schaftlichen Schaden verursachen kann. Hierzu zählen die Überwachung von Abfalldeponien, Ge-fahrgutlagerstätten, kontaminierten Altlastengebieten, Moor-, Torf-, Kohleflözen (präventive Branderkennung) und geodynamisch aktiven Regionen. Auch moderne Fördertechnologien, wie das Hot-Dry-Rock-Verfahren (HDR) zur Energiegewinnung durch Einpressen von überkritischem CO2 in den Erdkörper, das die Beweglichkeit eines Gases mit der Dichte einer Flüssigkeit kombiniert und Wärmeaustausch im Erdinneren bewirkt, bergen das Risiko unkontrollierter Gasemissionen und bedürfen der umfassenden Überwachung. KW - Verteilte Sensorik KW - Gassensor KW - CCS KW - Gasspeicher PY - 2015 DO - https://doi.org/10.2314/GBV:867138327 SP - 1 EP - 13 AN - OPUS4-43195 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dzierliński, M. A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias ED - Zagrobelny, Maciej ED - Suś-Ryszkowska, Małgorzata T1 - Wykrywanie wycieków gazu za pomocą bezzałogowych pojazdów powietrznych T1 - Detection of gas leaks by unmanned aerial vehicles N2 - Wyciek metanu (CH4) z infrastruktury takiej jak rurociągi czy zbiorniki magazynowe ma kluczowe znaczenie dla środowiska oraz stwarza zagrożenie dla bezpieczeństwa ludzi i mienia. Obecnie, po okresie bezawaryjnej eksploatacji, można zaobserwować wzrost liczby incydentów spowodowanych nieszczelnościami rurociągów przesyłowych. W Polsce szczególnie problematyczne okazują się gazociągi, które powstały dekady temu. W tamtym czasie normy techniczne i przepisy budowlane były łagodniejsze niż obecnie obowiązujące. Integralność tych gazociągów jest trudna do skontrolowania, gdyż na etapie budowy nie zostały one przystosowane do badania tłokami pomiarowymi. Aby sprostać temu wyzwaniu, UDT poszukuje metod umożliwiających szybkie i niezawodne wykrywanie oraz lokalizowanie nieszczelności gazociągów na duże odległości. N2 - Methane leakage (CH4) from infrastructure such as pipelines or storage tanks is crucial for the environment and poses a threat to the safety of people and property. Today, after a period of failure-free operation, an increase in the number of incidents caused by leaks in transmission pipelines can be observed. In Poland, gas pipelines created decades ago turn out to be particularly problematic. At that time, technical standards and building regulations were milder than those currently in force. The integrity of these pipelines is difficult to control, as they were not adapted for testing with measuring pigs at the construction stage. To meet this challenge, UDT is looking for methods to quickly and reliably detect and locate leaks in pipelines over long distances. KW - Aerial robot KW - Mobile robot olfaction KW - Tomographic reconstruction of gas plumes KW - Tunable diode laser absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) KW - UAV-REGAS PY - 2018 UR - https://www.udt.gov.pl/inspektor-on-line VL - 4 SP - 19 EP - 21 PB - Urząd Dozoru Technicznego CY - Warszawa, Polska AN - OPUS4-47062 LA - pol AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hüllmann, Dino A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Wind Vector Estimation on Multirotor Aircraft N2 - Small unmanned aircraft (UA) are used increasingly as flying sensor platforms. Amongst other things they are used for environmental monitoring, for example gas distribution mapping. Sometimes, these applications require knowledge of the ambient wind field, which can be measured by additional devices like anemometers. In general, it would be interesting to avoid such additional apparatuses. One way to achieve this is to estimate the wind vector, that is both the wind direction and speed, from the state variables of the UA. T2 - IEEE Sensors 2018 CY - New Delhi, India DA - 28.10.2018 KW - UAV KW - Wind vector KW - Estimation KW - Multirotor aircraft PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-46479 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Comparison of the Temperature Behavior of Oil and Gas Damped Piezoresistive Accelerometers N2 - This study presents the characterization of a piezoresistive accelerometer damped with silicon oil for the application in drop tests carried out at BAM. Experiments were performed with the Hopkinson Bar method in close correlation to the real-world application conditions. The results point out certain limitations regarding the temperature influence and the frequency response. Additional experiments were performed with a gas damped type of piezoresistive accelerometer, which has superior specifications, particularly for low temperatures. The results allow for a comparison. T2 - IEEE SENSORS 2018 CY - Neu Delhi, Indien DA - 28.10.2018 KW - Accelerometer KW - Temperature behavior KW - Frequency response KW - Hopkinson Bar KW - Drop test PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-46484 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Musolff, Andre A1 - Quercetti, Thomas A1 - Müller, Karsten A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Kinematic aspects of RAM packages drop tests N2 - BAM is the German Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing and the competent authority for mechanical and thermal safety assessment of transport packages for spent fuel and high level waste. In context with safety assessment of RAM packages BAM performed numerous drop tests in the last decades. The tests were mostly accompanied by extensive and various measurement techniques especially by instrumented measurements with strain gages and accelerometers. The procedure of drop testing and the resulting measurement analysis are the main methods to evaluate the safety against mechanical test conditions. Measurement techniques are dedicated to answer questions in regard to the structural integrity of a RAM package, the mechanical behavior of the prototype as well as of its content under impact conditions. Test results like deceleration-time functions constitute a main basis for the validation of assumptions in the safety analysis and for the evaluation of numerical calculations. In this context the adequate selection of accelerometers and measurement systems for the performance of drop tests is important. Therefore it is not only necessary to find suitable positions for the accelerometers at the test specimens, but also to consider technical boundary conditions as e.g. temperature. T2 - 2018 WM Symposia CY - Phoenix, AZ, USA DA - 18.03.2018 KW - Drop KW - Test KW - Measurement KW - Analysis KW - Prototyp PY - 2018 SP - Paper 18149, 1 EP - 12 AN - OPUS4-44872 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Manolov, Manol A1 - Subaric-Leitis, Andreas A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Bestimmung der Maschinennachgiebigkeit beim Einsatz sphärischer Indenter in der Instrumentierten Eindringprüfung N2 - Es wird ein vereinfachtes Verfahren für die Bestimmung und Implementierung der Maschinennachgiebigkeit bei der Verwendung eines sphärischen Indenters dargestellt. Die Maschinennachgiebigkeit wird bei deutlicher Kraftabhängigkeit als Funktion der Kraft in die Auswertung implementiert. Als sensitiver Kennwert dient der aus der instrumentierten Eindringprüfung an Härtevergleichsplatten ermittelte Eindringmodul. T2 - Sensoren und Messsysteme CY - Nürnberg, Germany DA - 26.06.2018 KW - Maschinennachgiebigkeit KW - Instrumentierte Eindringprüfung KW - Sphärische Indenter KW - Vereinfachtes Verfahren KW - Kraftabhängige Funktion KW - Härtevergleichsplatten KW - Eindringmodul PY - 2018 SN - 978-3-8007-4683-5 SN - 0932-6022 VL - 19. ITG/GMA-Fachtagung SP - 565 EP - 569 PB - VDE Verlag GmbH CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-45394 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Temperature characteristics of a piezoresistive accelerometer for high impact shock application N2 - This study presents the characterization of a piezoresistive accelerometer damped with silicon oil for the application in drop tests carried out at BAM. Experiments were performed with the Hopkinson Bar method in close correlation to the real-world application conditions. The results point out certain limitations regarding the temperature influence and the frequency response. Additional experiments were performed with a gas damped type of piezoresistive accelerometer, which has superior specifications, particularly for low temperatures. The results allow for a comparison. T2 - Sensoren und Messsysteme CY - Nürnberg, Germany DA - 26.06.2018 KW - Piezoresistive accelerometer KW - Hopkinson bar KW - High impact shock application KW - Temperature characteristics KW - Drop test PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-45322 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias ED - Werner, Klaus-Dieter T1 - Temperature characteristics of a piezoresistive accelerometer for high impact shock application N2 - This study presents the characterization of a piezoresistive accelerometer damped with silicon oil for the application in drop tests carried out at BAM. Experiments were performed with the Hopkinson Bar method in close correlation to the real-world application conditions. The results point out certain limitations regarding the temperature influence and the frequency response. Additional experiments were performed with a gas damped type of piezoresistive accelerometer, which has superior specifications, particularly for low temperatures. The results allow for a comparison. T2 - Sensoren und Messsysteme CY - Nürnberg, Germany DA - 26.06.2018 KW - Piezoresistive accelerometer KW - High impact shock application KW - Drop test KW - Temperature characteristics KW - Hopkinson bar PY - 2018 SN - 978-3-8007-4683-5 SN - 0932-6022 SP - 465 EP - 467 PB - VDE Verlag GmbH CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-45323 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Werner, Klaus-Dieter A1 - Johann, Sergej A1 - Daum, Werner ED - Cosmi, F. T1 - Characterization of the temperature behavior of a piezoresistive accelerometer N2 - Piezoresistive accelerometers use a strain-sensing element, generally made of semiconductor material, e.g., silicon to convert the mechanical motion into an electrical signal. This element is usually designed in form of a cantilever beam loaded with a mass. Acceleration causes bending of the beam, which produces a change of electrical resistance proportional to the applied acceleration. Main advantages of piezoresistive accelerometers in comparison to other types, e.g., piezoelectric and capacitive, is their robust and highly dynamic behavior, which qualifies them for application in high impact shock applications. Mechanical damping is typically implemented with silicon oil in a way that the output signal is undistorted over a wide frequency range. These characteristics principally qualify them for the application in drop tests carried out at BAM, for which they are calibrated over the frequency range from 1 to 4 kHz. However, using silicon oil for damping, has the drawback of temperature dependent change of its viscosity, leading to temperature dependent deviation of the accelerometer’s sensitivity. This study presents experimental results of the temperature behavior of a piezoresistive accelerometer with a dynamic range up to ±5000 g. This type of accelerometer is applied for drop tests which are partially performed at temperatures of -40 or +100 °C. T2 - 34th Danubia-Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Trieste, Italy DA - 19.09.2017 KW - Accelerometer KW - Temperature behavior KW - Drop test PY - 2017 UR - https://www.openstarts.units.it/handle/10077/14921 SN - 978-88-8303-863-1 SP - 93 EP - 95 CY - Trieste AN - OPUS4-42109 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Concept of a gas-sensitive nano aerial robot swarm for indoor air quality monitoring N2 - In industrial environments, airborne by-products such as dust and (toxic) gases, constitute a major risk for the worker’s health. Major changes in automated processes in the industry lead to an increasing demand for solutions in air quality management. Thus, occupational health experts are highly interested in precise dust and gas distribution models for working environments. For practical and economic reasons, high-quality, costly measurements are often available for short time-intervals only. Therefore, current monitoring procedures are carried out sparsely, both in time and space, i.e., measurement data are collected in single day campaigns at selected locations only. Real-time knowledge of contaminant distributions inside the working environment would also provide means for better and more economic control of air impurities. For example, the possibility to regulate the workspace’s ventilation exhaust locations can reduce the concentration of airborne contaminants by 50%. To improve the occupational health and safety of (industrial) workplaces, this work aims for developing a swarm of gas-sensitive aerial nano robots for monitoring indoor air quality and for localizing potential emission sources. T2 - Tag der offenen Tür auf dem Testgelände der BAM (BAM TTS) CY - Baruth/Mark - OT Horstwalde, Germany DA - 29.09.2018 KW - Mobile Robot Olfaction KW - Swarm KW - Nano aerial robot KW - Gas sensing PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-46147 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Hüllmann, Dino A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias ED - Pastramă, D. Ş ED - Constantinescu, D. M. T1 - Concept of a gas-sensitive nano aerial robot swarm for indoor air quality monitoring N2 - In industrial environments, airborne by-products such as dust and (toxic) gases, constitute a major risk for the worker’s health. Major changes in automated processes in the industry lead to an increasing demand for solutions in air quality management. Thus, occupational health experts are highly interested in precise dust and gas distribution models for working environments. For practical and economic reasons, high-quality, costly measurements are often available for short time-intervals only. Therefore, current monitoring procedures are carried out sparsely, both in time and space, i.e., measurement data are collected in single day campaigns at selected locations only. Real-time knowledge of contaminant distributions inside the working environment would also provide means for better and more economic control of air impurities. For example, the possibility to regulate the workspace’s ventilation exhaust locations can reduce the concentration of airborne contaminants by 50%. To improve the occupational health and safety of (industrial) workplaces, this work aims for developing a swarm of gas-sensitive aerial nano robots for monitoring indoor air quality and for localizing potential emission sources. T2 - 35th Danubia-Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Sinaia, Romania DA - 25.09.2018 KW - Mobile Robot Olfaction KW - Swarm KW - Nano aerial robot KW - Gas sensing PY - 2018 SN - 978-606-23-0874-2 SP - 139 EP - 140 PB - PRINTECH CY - Bukarest AN - OPUS4-46137 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Johann, Sergej A1 - Strangfeld, Christoph A1 - Zimmek, David A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Smart electronic helper for long-term monitoring of bridges and building structures N2 - Increasing traffic volume on the one hand and ageing infrastructure on the other hand have created many new challenges for maintenance and structural health monitoring of roads and bridges. In the past, many bridges and road structures have been neglected, often resulting in traffic congestion, road closure, and increased repair costs. This research is concerned with the development of a system to improve the challenge of maintenance and early detection of damage, particularly moisture penetration and corrosion of steel reinforced concrete components. The objective is to develop a method that will also work after 30 years and longer. Many new IoT solutions are equipped with internal energy storage elements (accumulators or batteries) which are inappropriate here, since most relevant signs of concrete degradation occur after decades, where the functioning of such elements are more than questionable. The presented technology approach uses radio-frequency identification (RFID) and enables connectivity to sensors. It offers the advantage of an passive, completely independent energy supply without any energy storage components. Since the system should be permanently embedded in concrete, it is crucial to develop a long-term stable device which is adapted to the environmental influences of the structure, e.g., long-term resistance in very alkaline environment of pH 13. In numerous experiments, the robustness of the system was tested and evaluated. Various tests with encapsulations to protect the electronics were performed, and for long-term validation different concrete specimens were instrumented with RFID-sensor-systems. Their operating time is now around two years and investigations for signs of fatigue and damage to the encapsulation and the electronics are ongoing. T2 - SMAR 2019 CY - Potsdam, Germany DA - 27.08.2019 KW - Sensors KW - Passive RFID KW - Smart structures KW - SHT KW - Long term monitoring PY - 2020 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-501931 UR - https://www.ndt.net/?id=25011 SN - 1435-4934 VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - NDT.net CY - Kirchwald AN - OPUS4-50193 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Strangfeld, Christoph A1 - Johann, Sergej A1 - Müller, Maximilian A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Moisture Measurements with RFID based Sensors in Screed and Concrete N2 - To quantify the moisture in concrete, RFID based humidity sensors are embedded. Passive high frequency, ultra-high frequency RFID tags as well as active Bluetooth sensors are tested. After concreting, all sensors measure the corresponding relative humidity to monitor the concrete moisture. Two case studies are performed, embedding in an existing construction, i.e. the duraBASt test bridge, and embedding in cement based mortar in the laboratory. As basis for robust and long-life sensors in alkaline concrete, different casing materials are tested. Furthermore, signal strength measurements and their sensitivity to different moisture levels are performed. T2 - 8th European Workshop On Structural Health Monitoring CY - Bilbao, Spain DA - 05.07.2016 KW - Humidity sensors KW - Moisture measurements KW - RFID based sensors KW - DuraBASt PY - 2016 SP - 1 EP - 10 AN - OPUS4-36817 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Johann, Sergej A1 - Strangfeld, Christoph A1 - Chahardehinejad, Omid A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias ED - Pastrama, S. D. ED - Constantinescu, D. M. T1 - Passive RFID Transponder – Low-Power Multi-Sensor Interface for Structural Health Monitoring in Concrete N2 - Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) has become very important in today's rapidly developing time. High buildings, large bridges and complex technical structures need to be monitored continuously and this over long periods. Visual monitoring cannot evaluate the internal condition of building structures. Thus, material embedded sensors are needed. Cable connection of these sensors pose the disadvantage of weak spots and water intrusion. For concrete embedded sensors the use of batteries is not convenient, because of limited lifetime, difficult charging, and generation of electrical waste.. Hence, monitoring should be implemented preferentially with firmly embedded passive RFID sensor modules. However, since the concrete structure forms an electromagnetically reflective and absorbing barrier, only limited energy can be transmitted to the module. This project requires a highly energy-saving system, which can record different sensor parameters at critical points. T2 - 35th Danubia - Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics CY - Sinaia, Romania DA - 25.09.2018 KW - RFID KW - Structural Health Monitoring KW - Passive sensor interface KW - Concrete PY - 2018 SN - 978-606-23-0874-2 SP - 141 EP - 142 AN - OPUS4-46097 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Johann, Sergej A1 - Stührenberg, Jan A1 - Tandon, Aditya A1 - Dragos, Kosmas A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Strangfeld, Christoph A1 - Smarsly, Kay T1 - Investigation of long-term embedded RFID sensors for structural health monitoring N2 - Ensuring the health of civil engineering structures is crucial for the safety and longevity of the built environment. In this direction, structural health monitoring (SHM) has been increasingly employed, providing insight into the structural behavior, based on sensor data representing structural responses. This paper investigates the plausibility of embedding sensors into concrete structures for SHM, leveraging radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, in an attempt to enable the passive operation of sensors without continuous power supply and to reduce potential sources of interference. In contrast to conventional SHM sensors, the uninterrupted operation of embedded sensors must be ensured because post-installation interventions are either impractical or impossible. RFID technology enables wireless data acquisition and energy transmission without mechanical impact on civil engineering structures, although it may be challenging when RFID sensors are embedded in concrete. This study presents a durable passive embedded RFID sensor system (i.e., a system without batteries), including the selection of components, such as housing and cable materials, suitable for withstanding the aggressive environment of concrete without damaging the sensitive electronics or contaminating the data recorded by the sensors. The proposed sensor system is validated in laboratory tests, the results of which provide insights into the influence of each component and are intended to advance the implementation of embedded sensor systems. T2 - IEEE Sensors 2024 CY - Kobe, Japan DA - 20.10.2024 KW - Structural health monitoring KW - RFID-based sensors KW - Smart sensors KW - Embedded sensors PY - 2024 SN - 979-8-3503-6351-7 DO - https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS60989.2024.10785220 SP - 1 EP - 4 AN - OPUS4-62162 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bartelmeß, Jürgen A1 - Zimmek, David A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Strangfeld, Christoph A1 - Schäferling, M. T1 - Fibre optic ratiometric fluorescence pH sensor for monitoring corrosion in concrete N2 - In this communication a novel concept for pH sensing is introduced which is specifically adapted to monitor carbonation induced corrosion in concrete structures. The method is based on a ratiometric measurement principle, exploiting the pH sensitive colour switching of thymol blue in the basic pH regime and the emissive properties of two different (Zn)CdSe/ZnS core shell quantum dots. The transition point of thymol blue in a Hydrogel D4 matrix was determined to be at around pH 11.6, which fits ideally to the intended application. Next to the fundamental spectroscopic characterization of the ratiometric response, a new design for a sensor head, suitable for the incorporation into concrete matrices is presented. Toward this, a manufacturing process was developed which includes the preparation of a double layer of polymers containing either thymol blue or a quantum dot mixture inside a porous ceramic tube. Results of a proof-of-priciple performance test of the sensor head in solutions of different pH and in cement specimens are presented, with encouraging results paving the way for future field tests in concrete. KW - Fiber optic sensing KW - PH monitoring in concrete KW - Embedded sensors KW - Ratiometric fluorescence PY - 2020 DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c9an02348h VL - 145 IS - 6 SP - 2111 EP - 2117 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry AN - OPUS4-50381 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Comprehensive Monitoring of Structures for Gas Transport and Storage using Linear Multi-Sensors T2 - World Congress of Smart Materials 2015 (WCSM-2015) CY - Busan, Korea DA - 2015-03-23 PY - 2015 AN - OPUS4-32930 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias A1 - Köppe, Enrico A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. T1 - Monitoring of hazardous scenarios using multi-sensor devices and sensor data fusion N2 - The combination of different types of sensors to multi-sensor devices offers excellent potential for monitoring applications. This should be demonstrated by means of four different examples of actual developments carried out by Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM): monitoring and indoor localization of relief forces, a micro-drone for gas measurement in hazardous scenarios, sensor-enabled radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags for safeguard of dangerous goods, and a multifunctional sensor for spatially resolved under-surface monitoring of gas storage areas. Objective of the presented projects is to increase the personal and technical safety in hazardous scenarios. These examples should point to application specific challenges for the applied components and infrastructure, and it should emphasize the potential of multi-sensor systems and sensor data fusion. KW - Monitoring KW - Multi-sensor KW - Hazardous scenarios KW - Data fusion PY - 2014 UR - http://www.iariajournals.org/systems_and_measurements/sysmea_v7_n34_2014_paged.pdf SN - 1942-261x VL - 7 IS - 3/4 SP - 193 EP - 200 PB - IARIA CY - [S.l.] AN - OPUS4-32509 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Linear Sensor for Areal Subsurface Gas Monitoring - Calibration Routine and Validation Experiments T2 - IEEE Sensors 2014 CY - Valencia, Spain DA - 2014-11-03 PY - 2014 AN - OPUS4-32043 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -