TY - CONF A1 - Gaal, Mate A1 - Müller, Christina A1 - Osterloh, Kurt A1 - Rosenthal, Martina A1 - Ewert, Uwe A1 - Guelle, D. A1 - Lewis, A. T1 - Metal Detector Test Trials in Germany and Croatia - ITEP Project 2.1.1.2 T2 - MATEST 2003 T2 - MATEST 2003 NDT Achievements and Challenges CY - Brijuni-Pula, Croatia DA - 2003-09-28 KW - Demining KW - Metal detectors KW - Reliability tests KW - ROC diagrams KW - Test and evaluation KW - CWA07 PY - 2003 N1 - Geburtsname von Rosenthal, Martina: Scharmach, M. - Birth name of Rosenthal, Martina: Scharmach, M. SP - 1(?) EP - 15(?) AN - OPUS4-2784 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bertovic, Marija A1 - Fahlbruch, B. A1 - Müller, Christina A1 - Pitkänen, J. A1 - Ronneteg, U. A1 - Gaal, Mate A1 - Kanzler, Daniel A1 - Ewert, Uwe A1 - Schombach, D. T1 - Human factors approach to the acquisition and evaluation of NDT data T2 - 18th WCNDT - World conference on nondestructive testing (Proceedings) N2 - This paper gives an introduction to the field of human factors with the focus on their influence on the reliability of NDT in the nuclear energy production (in-service inspections) and final storage of highly radioactive nuclear waste. A set of methodological tools has been developed in the scope of three projects, namely: 1) a theoretical model describing potential human factors influencing manual ultrasonic inspection performance during inservice inspections in nuclear power plants; 2) a method for identifying potential human errors during acquisition and evaluation of data gathered with mechanized ultrasonic, radiographic and eddy-current systems, as well as visual testing with a remote camera (Failure Modes and Effects Analysis, FMEA); and 3) use of eye tracking methodology to optimize existing procedures and practices. The experimental results have shown that time pressure, mental workload and experience influence the quality of the inspection performance. Noticeable were influences from the organization of the working schedule, communication, procedures, supervision and demonstration task. Implementing human redundancy in critical tasks, such as defect identification, as well as using an automated aid (software) to help operators in decision making about the existence and size of defects, could lead to other kinds of problems, namely social loafing (excerpting less effort when working on tasks collectively as compared to working alone) and automation bias (uncritical reliance on the proper function of an automated system without recognizing its limitations and the possibilities of automation failure) that might affect the reliability of NDT in an undesired manner. T2 - 18th WCNDT - World conference on nondestructive testing CY - Durban, South Africa DA - 16.04.2012 KW - Human Factors KW - Time Pressure KW - 4-Eye Principle KW - Automation Bias KW - Nuclear Waste Storage KW - In-Service Inspection (ISI) KW - Nuclear Power Plants KW - Eye Tracking KW - Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) PY - 2012 SN - 978-0-620-52872-6 SP - 1 EP - 10 (Paper 198) AN - OPUS4-27583 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Christina A1 - Elagin, Mstislav A1 - Gaal, Mate A1 - Rosenthal, Martina A1 - Ewert, Uwe A1 - Osterloh, Kurt A1 - Wilrich, P.-Th. T1 - Determination of reliability in demining and NDT T2 - MATEST 2004 N2 - The detection of defects in aircraft components or parts of a power plant or mines in the ground is connected with the task to distinguish between signals caused be the item searched for and noisy signals from other sources. The reliability of the system is the better the better the system is in detecting the wanted signal and avoiding false alarms caused by noise. It is usual to measure the reliability of diagnostic systems in terms of ROC-curves (Re-ceiver Operating Characteristics) and POD-curves (Probability of Detec-tion). The ROC curves describe the POD versus Probability of False Alarm with growing system sensitivity along the curve. POD curves describe the Probability of Detection for a fixed sensitivity for a variation of item sizes or depths. Reliability of the whole system is always a composition of the physics and technique, application influences and the human factors. For the scien-tific understanding and possibilities of improvement, decomposition accord-ing to a modular model is helpful. The authors present their experiences with the reliability evaluation of metal detectors for humanitarian demining and an NDT system of mechanized ultrasonic phased array testing of copper welds. The special concern in demining is the influence of soil types, detec-tors and the experiences of human beings. T2 - MATEST 2004 CY - Zagreb, Croatia DA - 2004-10-14 KW - Flaw Detection KW - Mine Detection KW - Prohability of Detection KW - Receiver Operating Characteristics KW - Metal Detector Test Trials PY - 2004 SN - 953-96225-9-X N1 - Geburtsname von Rosenthal, Martina: Scharmach, M. - Birth name of Rosenthal, Martina: Scharmach, M. SP - 183 EP - 201 AN - OPUS4-6047 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Gaal, Mate A1 - Rosenthal, Martina A1 - Ewert, Uwe A1 - Lewis, A. A1 - Bloodworth, T. A1 - Wilrich, P.-Th. A1 - Guelle, D. A1 - Müller, Christina T1 - ITEP project 2.1.1.2 - Final report - Reliability model for test and evaluation of metal detectors N2 - Metal detectors used in demining have been tested within the frame of the International Test and Evaluation Programme project ITEP 2.1.1.2. Detection reliability tests were performed in accordance with the CEN workshop agreement describing specifications for test and evaluation (CWA 14747:2003). Results of these tests are aimed to verify and should help to optimise the proposed testing procedures. KW - Zuverlässigkeit der Minensuche KW - Feldtests KW - Modulares Modell KW - Metalldetektor PY - 2004 UR - http://www.itep.ws/pdf/Itep_no2.1.1.2_reliability_model.pdf N1 - Geburtsname von Rosenthal, Martina: Scharmach, M. - Birth name of Rosenthal, Martina: Scharmach, M. SP - 1 EP - 51 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-6049 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gaal, Mate A1 - Müller, Christina A1 - Ewert, Uwe A1 - Wilrich, P.-Th. A1 - Spyra, W. T1 - Trial Design for Testing and Evaluation of Metal Detectors Used in Humanitarian Landmine Clearance T2 - 9th European Conference on NDT T2 - 9th European Conference on NDT CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2006-09-25 KW - Zuverlässigkeit in der Minensuche KW - Feldtests KW - Modulares Modell KW - Metalldetektor PY - 2006 SN - 3-931381-86-2 SP - 1(?) EP - 10(?) PB - European Federation for Non-Destructive Testing CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-14420 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -