TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - Zur Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse von Kulturgütern - Von Nebra bis Ägypten
N2 - Im Vortag werden die Möglichkeiten der Synchrotronstrahlungsinduzierten Röntgenfluoreszenzanalayse (SRXRF) dargestellt. Insbesondere werden bei einer Reihe von Beispielen die Vorteile der SRXRF erläutert und der mögliche Einsatz eines portablen Messgeräts für die Analse von Glas diskutiert.
T2 - Workshop: Ritter, Goethe, ihre Prismen und die Polarität
CY - Jena, Germany
DA - 19.05.2017
KW - Gold
KW - Synchrotron
KW - XRF
KW - BESSY
KW - Archeometry
KW - BAMline
PY - 2017
AN - OPUS4-42976
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - News from the BAMline
N2 - In this talk, the newest developments at the BAMline and examples of applications are presented.
T2 - Seminar: STRAHLENPHYSIKALISCHE ANWENDUNGEN IN TECHNIK UND MEDIZIN
CY - Vienna, Austria
DA - 18.01.2017
KW - XANES
KW - Synchrotron
KW - XRF
KW - BESSY
PY - 2017
AN - OPUS4-42981
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - TXRF and XANES at the BAMline
N2 - The BAMline at the synchrotron BESSY II in Berlin supplies users with up to date analytical x-ray methods for the energy range between 5 and 50 keV. Additional to XRF with micron Resolution it provides amongst other things the possibility to use TXRF and XANES. Especially the use of
the so-called Color X-Ray Camera (CXC) opens the possibility to use new and effective detection schemes, which allow to measure simultaneously distributions of elements or Absorption spectra in a motionless mode.
In this talk the analytical possibilities at the BAMline for samples with biological Background will be introduced. The available methods will be presented and discussed for various examples.
A perspective for the future use for XANES in grazing emission and TXRF geometries for plant materials will be given.
T2 - TXRF 2017
CY - Brescia, Italy
DA - 19.09.2017
KW - XANES
KW - Synchrotron
KW - XRF
KW - BESSY
PY - 2017
AN - OPUS4-42978
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - The colour Xray camera: basics, applications and perspectives
T2 - Analytik 2012
CY - Beijing, China
DA - 2012-03-23
PY - 2012
AN - OPUS4-26922
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - The colour Xray camera: basics, application and perspectives
T2 - EXRS 2012
CY - Vienna, Austria
DA - 2012-06-18
PY - 2012
AN - OPUS4-26925
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - Praktische Anwendung der Atomtheorie
T2 - Galileo Gymnasium
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 2012-08-30
PY - 2012
AN - OPUS4-26923
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - Die Himmelsscheibe von Nebra: Vermutungen und Fakten
T2 - Schul- und Volkssternwarte
CY - Dahlewitz, Germany
DA - 2012-03-09
PY - 2012
AN - OPUS4-26927
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse mit Synchrotronstrahlung an der Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Berlin
T2 - Seminar: "Strahlenphysikalische Anwendungen in Technik und Medizin"
CY - Vienna, Austria
DA - 2013-01-16
PY - 2013
AN - OPUS4-29861
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - ABSOPTION OF THE PRIMARY BEAM IN SR-TXRF ANALYSIS: EXPERIMENTAL VISUALIZATION USING A COLOR X-RAY CAMERA
T2 - Fifth Joint BER II User Meeting
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 2013-12-04
PY - 2013
AN - OPUS4-29901
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - THE IDEAL SPECIMENT FOR TOTAL REFLECTION X-RAY FLUORESCENCE (TKRF) ANALYSIS:RESULTS FROM SIMULATIONS AMD EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION
T2 - Fifth Joint BER II and BESSY II User Meeting
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 2013-12-04
PY - 2013
AN - OPUS4-29903
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - Between the Eurasien steppes and China: provenancing the Xiongnu gold by IBA and SRXRF
T2 - Fifth Joint BER II and BESSY II User Meeting
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 2013-12-04
PY - 2013
AN - OPUS4-29905
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - News from the BAMline
N2 - A presentation of recent measurements at the BAMline with focus on AI and ML applications
T2 - Seminar: Strahlenphysikalische Anwendungen in Technik und Medizin
CY - Vienna, Austria
DA - 18.05.2022
KW - Synchrotron
KW - BAMline
KW - Bayesian Statistics
KW - Gold
KW - X-ray fluorescence
PY - 2022
AN - OPUS4-56253
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - Big to Small - Getting Smarter@BAMline
N2 - In this talk an overview about artificial intelligence/machine learning applications @BAMline is given. In the first part, the use of neural networks for the quantification of XRF measurements and the decoding of coded-aperture measurements are shown. Then it is shown how Gaussian processes and Bayesian statistics can be used to achieve an optimal alignment of the set-up and in general for optimization of measurements.
T2 - Forschungsseminar Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik TU Berlin
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 25.10.2022
KW - Artificial Inelligence
KW - Machine Learning
KW - Bayesian Statistics
KW - Gaussian process
KW - Neural network
KW - BAMline
KW - Synchrotron
PY - 2022
AN - OPUS4-56249
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - ML@BAMLINE
N2 - An overview of the machine learning methods used at BAMline. Examples of automatic alignment and optimisation based on Gaussian processes are discussed. Quantification of XRF measurements and reconstruction for coded aperture imaging based on neural networks are also presented.
T2 - Machine Learning Workshop BAM
CY - Online meeting
DA - 18.03.2021
KW - Artificial Intelligence
KW - Machine learning
KW - Bayesian Optimization
KW - Gaussian process
KW - Neural Network
PY - 2021
AN - OPUS4-54142
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Constantinescu, B.
A1 - Vasilescu, A.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
T1 - Micro-SR-XRF studies for archaeological gold identification - the case of carpathian gold and romanian museal objects
N2 - In the determination of the provenance of gold in archaeological artifacts, trace elements are more significant than the main components. Several minute fragments of natural Carpathian gold-placer and primary-and some very small (a few milligrams) fragments of archaeological items were studied using micro Synchrotron Radiation X-Ray Fluorescence (micro SR-XRF) at the BESSY Synchrotron Facility in Berlin, Germany. The goal of the study was to identify the trace elements characterizing Carpathian gold, looking especially at Sn, Sb, Pb and Te, and to determine if the gold in the archaeological items is native or refined. Applications to the authentication and provenance of nine Dacian gold bracelets, koson coins and two Bronze Age items are presented.
KW - Gold
KW - Provenance
KW - Archeometry
KW - Sy-XRF
PY - 2010
DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-010-5624-1
SN - 0947-8396
VL - 99
IS - 2
SP - 383
EP - 389
PB - Springer
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-21395
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - ABSORBTION OF THE PRIMARY BEAM IN SR-TXRF ANALYSIS: EXPERIMENTAL VISUALIZATION USING A COLOR X-RAY CAMERA
T2 - International Congress on X-Ray Optics and Microanalysis
CY - Hamburg, Germany
DA - 2013-09-02
PY - 2013
AN - OPUS4-29898
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - Analysis of trace elements in gold alloys by SR-XRF at high energy at the BAMline
T2 - Ecaart 9 (European conference on accelerators in applied research and technology)
CY - Florence, Italy
DA - 2007-09-03
PY - 2007
AN - OPUS4-16399
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Strub, Erik
A1 - Born, H.
T1 - Neues vom Berliner Goldhut: Materialanalysen mit Synchrotronstrahlung
KW - Sy-RFA
KW - Berliner Goldhut
PY - 2009
SN - 0341-1184
VL - 41
SP - 29
EP - 35
PB - Marie Leidorf GmbH
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-20271
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - THE IDEAL SPECIMENT FOR TOTAL REFLECTION X-RAY FLUORESCENCE (TXRF) ANALYSIS: RESULTS FROM SIMULATIONS AND EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION
T2 - International Congress on X-Ray Optics and Microanalysis
CY - Hamburg, Germany
DA - 2013-09-02
PY - 2013
AN - OPUS4-29871
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Kluge, Martin
A1 - Holtappels, Kai
T1 - Pressure resistance of glass capillary structures for gas storage purposes
T2 - First International Conference on Materials for Energy
CY - Karlsruhe, Germany
DA - 2010-07-04
PY - 2010
N1 - Geburtsname von Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, Martin - Birth name of Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, Martin
AN - OPUS4-24056
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Holtappels, Kai
A1 - Kluge, Martin
T1 - Pressure resistance of glass capillaries for hydrogen storage
T2 - Workshop "Materials challenges for clean enery" im Rahmen des 3rd World Materials Research Institute Forum, NIST
CY - Washington, D.C., USA
DA - 2009-06-22
PY - 2009
N1 - Geburtsname von Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. - Birth name of Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M.
AN - OPUS4-19677
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - The Color X-Ray Camera: Imaging and Beyond
T2 - ANKA/KNMF User Meeting 2013
CY - 76646 Bruchsal, Deutschland
DA - 2013-09-26
PY - 2013
AN - OPUS4-29900
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - Neues vom Berliner Goldhut: Analyse mit Sy-RFA
T2 - Deutsche Tagung für Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Neutronen und Ionenstrahlen, SNI 2010
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 2010-02-24
PY - 2010
AN - OPUS4-20097
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - Von der Bronzezeit ins 21. Jahrhundert - Materialcharakterisierung mit SyXRF an der BAMline
T2 - 17. Sitzung des Fachausschusses Zerstörungsfreie Materialcharakterisierung, DGZFP
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 2009-11-10
PY - 2009
AN - OPUS4-20772
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - Das Hiddensee-Projekt
T2 - Kulturgut durchleutet - Strahlung trifft Kulturgut (Symposium)
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 2009-11-04
PY - 2009
AN - OPUS4-20771
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - SRXRF examples from the BAMline
N2 - Synchrotron radiation sources with their unique properties in terms of intensity, polarization and adjustability offer a wide range of possibilities in materials research. A basic introduction about the creation and special properties of synchrotron radiation will be given. Examples of current work at BAMline, the high-energy measuring facility of the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing at the synchrotron BESSY, are used to illustrate the possibilities and limitations of existing measuring methods.
T2 - Better with Scattering
CY - Online meeting
DA - 16.03.2020
KW - Synchrotron
KW - BAMline
KW - XRF
PY - 2020
AN - OPUS4-51895
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - X-ray camera with high energy and spital resolution: Sterography with a colour X-ray camera
T2 - European Conference on X-ray Spectrometry
CY - Figueira da Foz, Portugal
DA - 2010-06-20
PY - 2010
AN - OPUS4-21205
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - Von Ägypten bis Hiddensee – Analyse von Gold mit Synchrotronstrahlung - Update 2018
N2 - Gold ist eines der sieben schon im Altertum bekannten Metalle und wurde wg. seines Glanzes und seiner Seltenheit von alters her als Tauschmittel und zur Herstellung von Schmuck benutzt. Außerdem ist es einfach bearbeitbar und weitestgehend gegen chemische Einflüsse resistent. Die Untersuchungen von Gold mit synchrotronstrahlungsangeregter Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse sind zerstörungsfrei und geben Auskunft über die in der untersuchten Probe vorhandenen chemischen Elemente. Bei den hier vorgestellten Untersuchungen an der BAMline stehen Fragestellungen wie Herkunft, Herstellungsverfahren und Zusammengehörigkeit von Goldfunden im Vordergrund. Die verschiedenen Fragestellungen werden an einer Reihe von Beispielen erläutert die vom Wikingerschatz aus Hiddensee über die Himmelsscheibe von Nebra bis hin zu Funden aus Ägypten langen. Zusätzlich werden die modernen Messmethoden vorgestellt, die am Synchrotron heutzutage zur Verfügung stehen.
T2 - Vorlesung FU Berlin Einführung in die Archäometrie
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 01.11.2018
KW - Gold
KW - Synchrotron
KW - XRF
KW - BAMline
PY - 2018
AN - OPUS4-46451
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - Tragbare RFA an Gläsern: Ergebnisse und Grenzen
N2 - Vorstellung der Ergebnisse der Messungen an Gläsern von Goethes Prismen.
T2 - 3. Goethe/Ritter-Workshop
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 25.05.2018
KW - Goethe
KW - Farbenlehre
KW - Prisma
KW - Handheld
KW - XRF
PY - 2018
AN - OPUS4-46369
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse mit Synchrotronstrahlung an der Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Berlin
T2 - Seminar: "Strahlenphysikalische Anwendungen in Technik und Medizin"
CY - Wien, Österreich
DA - 2015-01-14
PY - 2015
AN - OPUS4-34014
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - Experiences with the Color X-Ray Camera at the BAMline
T2 - X-ray Spectroscopy Detectors for Present and Future Synchrotron Storage rings: Opportunities for Horizon 2020
CY - Paris, Frankreich
DA - 2015-03-16
PY - 2015
AN - OPUS4-34009
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - Double Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence
T2 - EXRS 2014
CY - Bologna (Italien)
DA - 2014-06-15
PY - 2014
AN - OPUS4-32370
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - Imaging with the Color X-ray Camera - Basics and Examples
T2 - HZB Industry Workshop
CY - Berlin
DA - 2015-02-19
PY - 2015
AN - OPUS4-34023
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - THES
A1 - Wolf, Martin
T1 - Zur Phänomenologie der Heißrissbildung beim Schweißen und Entwicklung aussagekräftiger Prüfverfahren
N2 - Zur Ermittlung der Heißrissresistenz beim Schweißen metallischer Werkstoffe können Heißrisstests eingesetzt werden. Obwohl bislang zahlreiche Heißrisstestverfahren entwickelt wurden, kann eine unerwartete Heißrissbildung während der Durchführung von Bauteilschweißungen oftmals nicht verhindert werden. Dies ist einerseits darauf zurückzuführen, dass sich die Bedingungen im Heißrisstest von den thermomechanischen Beanspruchungen einer Bauteilschweißung zu sehr unterscheiden. Andererseits erfolgt die Auswertung der meisten Heißrissversuche mit Hilfe empirischer Parameter, mit denen die eigentlichen Mechanismen der Heißrissentstehung jedoch nur unzureichend quantifiziert werden können. Ein wesentliches Ziel war es daher, aussagekräftige Methoden zur Quantifizierung des Heißrissverhaltens beim Schweißen zu entwickeln und damit einen Beitrag zur Erhöhung der Heißrisssicherheit geschweißter Bauteile zu leisten.
N2 - For determining the hot cracking resistance of materials during welding of metallic materials it is possible to employ hot cracking tests. Despite numerous hot cracking tests have been developed till now, unexpected hot cracking during welding cannot always be avoided. This
is on the one hand ascribed to the fact that the conditions prevalent in hot cracking testing differ too strongly from the thermomechanical loads imposed during component welding. On the other hand, evaluation of most hot cracking tests is carried out using empiric parameters
which, however, fall short of adequate quantification of the actual hot cracking mechanism.
A key aim of this study was therefore to develop convincing methods for quantifying the hot cracking behaviour during welding, and thus to make a contribution towards improving the hot cracking resistance of welded components. As a prerequisite, the Modified Varestraint
Transvarestraint-Test (MVT-Test) was first upgraded with a view to varying the specimen loading rate over a very wide range up to quasi-instantaneous loading. As test material,
Alloy 602 CA was chosen which exhibits a pronounced dependence of hot cracking resistance on the respective shielding gas. With the use of Ar 4.8 and Ar + 1% N2 as shielding gases, hot crack-critical as well as hot crack-uncritical material behaviour could be investigated.
For further elucidation of the solidification cracking mechanism, a combined model was first developed which can be used to demonstrate that the solidification crack-critical limiting temperature TER and the solidification crack-critical strain rate (dε/dt)krit are largely
independent of each other and must be determined using various test concepts.
Numerical temperature calculations with first implementation of the reproduced real weld pool geometries helped to determine the solidification crack-critical limiting temperature for Alloy 602 CA as a function of different welding parameters and of the investigated shielding gases. It is demonstrated that the solidification crack-critical limiting temperature rises significantly with the use of Ar + 1% N2. In addition to this, the solidification crack-critical limiting
temperature is significantly dependent on the applied welding parameters. The MVTTest was also used to conduct experiments with variable specimen loading rate in both the
Varestraint and the Transvarestraint mode. Various hot cracking parameters determined in these experiments were evaluated quantitatively. With regard to exclusively qualitative determination of the hot cracking resistance of materials it was found that the measurable
differences are more distinct in the Varestraint mode than in the Transvarestraint mode.
For hot cracking test transferability investigations, the very critical specimen loading rates at which solidification cracking does not occur yet, were experimentally determined in MVTTests.
Using the obtained results in conjunction with thermomechanical simulations, the local critical strain rates in the immediate vicinity of the weld pool were calculated. It is shown that the local critical strains and strain rates constitute a crack criterion for the transferability to the newly developed Controlled Tensile Weldability Test (CTW-Test).
Keywords: Solidification cracking, liquation cracking, global strain, local strain, transferability,
Modified Varestraint Transvarestraint Test, weld pool geometry, hot cracking parameter, Controlled Tensile Weldability Test, Alloy 602 CA.
T3 - BAM Dissertationsreihe - 19
KW - Phänomenologie Heißrissbildung
KW - Schweißen und Entwicklung aussagekräftiger Prüfverfahren
PY - 2006
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-1395
SN - 978-3-86509-599-2
SN - 1613-4249
VL - 19
SP - 1
EP - 218
PB - Wirtschaftsverlag NW
CY - Bremerhaven
AN - OPUS4-139
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Krentel, Daniel
A1 - Tschirschwitz, Rico
A1 - Kluge, Martin
A1 - Askar, Enis
A1 - Habib, Abdel Karim
A1 - Kohlhoff, Harald
A1 - Mair, Georg W.
A1 - Neumann, Patrick P.
A1 - Rudolph, Michael
A1 - Schoppa, André
A1 - Storm, Sven-Uwe
A1 - Szczepaniak, Mariusz
T1 - Auswirkungen von unfallbedingtem Behälterversagen bei alternativen Pkw-Antrieben - Teil 1: Problemstellung, Stand der Technik und Voruntersuchungen
N2 - Flüssige und komprimierte Gase sind in Deutschland, Europa und der Welt vielfältig als alternative Kraftstoffe im Einsatz. Diese werden unter teilweise hohem Druck in robusten Behältern an Bord gespeichert. Ein Versagen des Treibstoffbehälters im Schadensfall sollen verschiedene Sicherheitseinrichtungen, auch bei einem eventuell unfallbedingt auftretenden Fahrzeugbrand, verhindern. Sind diese Sicherheitseinrichtungen unfallbedingt beschädigt oder liegen die Belastungen dieser Einrichtung außerhalb ihres Auslegungsbereichs, ist ein Versagen des Behälters dennoch möglich. Dadurch kann es zur Bildung eines explosionsfähigen Brennstoff-Luft-Gemischs mit den entsprechenden Folgen für Fahrgäste, Einsatzkräfte und Umfeld kommen. Die Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) untersucht im Forschungsprojekt "CoFi-ABV" mit umfangreichen zerstörenden Versuchsreihen im Realmaßstab die Folgen des unfallbedingten Versagens von Behältern für alternative Kraftstoffe und Maßnahmen zur Reduktion dieser Folgen im Rahmen einer ganzheitlichen Auswirkungsbetrachtung. Dieser Beitrag ist der Start einer Reihe und soll die Problemstellung sowie die Projektinhalte umfassend erläutern.
KW - Alternative Antriebe
KW - Alternative Kraftstoffe
KW - Behälterversagen
KW - Fahrzeugbrand
PY - 2016
SN - 2191-0073
VL - 6
IS - 9
SP - 39
EP - 46
PB - Springer-VDI-Verlag
CY - Düsseldorf
AN - OPUS4-37360
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Tschirschwitz, Rico
A1 - Krentel, Daniel
A1 - Kluge, Martin
A1 - Habib, Abdel Karim
A1 - Askar, Enis
A1 - Kohlhoff, Harald
A1 - Neumann, Patrick P.
A1 - Rudolph, Michael
A1 - Schoppa, André
A1 - Szczepaniak, Mariusz
T1 - Versagen von Gasbehältern für alternative Treibstoffe
N2 - Im Rahmen des Projekts „Complex Fires – Auswirkung von Behälterversagen“ (CoFi-ABV) sollen die Auswirkungen des Versagens von Gasbehältern für alternative Treibstoffe in Fahrzeugen unter Berücksichtigung komplexer Brand- und Explosionsszenarien untersucht werden. Es wird der aktuelle Hintergrund des Forschungsvorhabens erläutert sowie die geplanten Untersuchungen und beabsichtigten Ergebnisse vorgestellt. Hauptbestandteil des Projekts ist eine Vielzahl von zerstörenden Großversuchen. Im Vorfeld dieser Großversuche werden zur Weiterentwicklung und Adaptierung von Messtechnik Versuche im kleineren Maßstab durchgeführt. Im Folgenden werden Teile dieser Ver-suchsaufbauten im „mid-scale“ sowie die dabei verwendete Messtechnik dargestellt. Weiterhin werden erste Ergebnisse aus Wärmeeintragsversuchen zur Quantifizierung verschiedener Unterfeuerungsmethoden für die zerstörenden Großversuche vorgestellt.
T2 - 14. Kolloquium zur chemischen und physikalischen Sicherheitstechnik (BAM-PTB-Kolloquium)
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 14.06.2016
KW - Explosion
KW - alternative Treibstoffe
KW - Behälterversagen
KW - Composite
PY - 2016
SN - 978-3-9817853-5-7
SN - 0938-5533
SP - 1
EP - 143
PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)
AN - OPUS4-37172
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Stelling, Karen
A1 - Böllinghaus, Thomas
A1 - Wolf, Martin
A1 - Schöler, Annett
A1 - Burkert, Andreas
A1 - Isecke, Bernd
ED - Böllinghaus, Thomas
ED - Herold, H.
T1 - Hot cracks as stress corrosion cracking initiation sites in laser welded corrosion resistant alloys
N2 - Although hot cracks at weld surfaces of corrosion resistant alloys (CRAs) might provide access to respective aggressive media and thus, might provide the conditions for a local potential and pH drop, the interaction between hot cracking and corrosion phenomena has not been investigated up to the present. This particularly concerns the initiation of stress corrosion cracking inside such crevices.
As a first approach to clarify the influence of hot cracks on corrosion resistance, considering particularly stress corrosion cracking, hot crack afflicted laser welds of three different CRAs have been subjected to a series of different corrosion tests.
Besides the fact that the Drop Evaporation (DE) Test represents a more realistic procedure than standard immersion tests it turned out that hot cracks can obviously represent an initiation site of stress corrosion cracking in the austenitic stainless steel AISI 309 (German No. 1.4828). The susceptibility of such hot crack afflicted laser welds to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) significantly depends on temperature and chloride concentration of the test environment In comparison, the high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel AISI S 34565 (German No. 1.4565) did not exhibit any stress corrosion cracking associated with hot cracking. This material exhibited pitting corrosion and stress corrosion only in the base material. The Alloy 50 (German No. 2.4850), a Nickel based material, was susceptible to pitting corrosion, but showed no tendency towards stress corrosion cracking at all.
T2 - International Workshop "Hot Cracking Phenomena in Welds"
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 2004-03-04
KW - Ni-Base Alloy
KW - Stress corrosion Cracking
KW - Hot Cracking
KW - Laser Welding
KW - Austenitic Stainless Steel
KW - Drop Evaporation Test
PY - 2005
SN - 3-540-22332-0
DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27460-X_10
SP - 165
EP - 182
PB - Springer
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-11852
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Constantinescu, B.
A1 - Vasilescu, A.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Pacheco, C.
A1 - Pichon, L.
A1 - Oberländer-Târnoveanu, E.
T1 - SR XRF and micro-PIXE studies on ancient metallurgy of thirteen Dacian gold bracelets
N2 - A thorough microscopic investigation by SR XRF and micro-PIXE brings insight into the probable techniques used in the manufacture of thirteen Dacian gold bracelets, one of the most spectacular archaeological finds ever on the territory of Romania.
KW - Micro-SR-XRF
KW - Micro-PIXE
KW - Archaeometry
KW - Gold
KW - Romania
PY - 2012
DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-012-7306-7
SN - 0947-8396
VL - 109
IS - 2
SP - 395
EP - 402
PB - Springer
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-26902
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Rodrigues, M.
A1 - Schreiner, M.
A1 - Melcher, M.
A1 - Guerra, M.
A1 - Salomon, J.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Alram, M.
A1 - Schindel, N.
T1 - Analysis of the hoard of Becin using X-ray-based techniques
N2 - Four hundred and sixteen silver coins stemming from the Ottoman Empire (16th and 17th centuries) were analyzed to confirm the fineness of the coinage as well as to study the provenance of the alloy used for the coins. As most of the coins showed the typical green patina on their surfaces due to corrosion processes that have led to the depletion of copper in the near surface domains of the silver coins in comparison to their core composition, small samples had to be taken, embedded in synthetic resin, and cross sectioned to investigate the true-heart metal composition. µ-synchrotron micro X-ray fluorescence analysis and µ-proton-induced X-ray emission were applied to determine the silver contents as well as the minor and trace elements. The type of the alloy was investigated as well as if coins minted in different locations demonstrated homogeneous traits concerning the predominant impurities (Au and Bi), which could suggest a common ore. Finally, energy-dispersive microanalysis in a scanning electron microscope was applied to study the homogeneity/heterogeneity of the coins and the presence of surface enrichments and to explain differences between the µ-synchrotron micro X-ray fluorescence analysis and µ-proton-induced X-ray emission measurements concerning the main component. In general, the silver content of the analyzed specimen varies between 90 and 95%. These outcomes have not supported the historical interpretations, which predict that during the period studied, a debasement of approximately 44% of the silver content of the coins should have occurred.
KW - SRXRF
KW - Silber
KW - BAMline
PY - 2012
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/xrs.2415
SN - 0049-8246
VL - 41
IS - 6
SP - 416
EP - 424
PB - Wiley
CY - Chichester
AN - OPUS4-27723
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Raedel, Martina
A1 - Sabel, Martin
A1 - Bücker, Michael
A1 - Unger, Brita
ED - Meeks, N.
ED - Cartwright, C.
ED - Meek, A.
ED - Mongiatti, A.
T1 - ESEM-EDX analyses for the characterisation and reproduction of nineteenth-century gold tesserae
N2 - Environmental scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (ESEM-EDX) is a versatile working tool for the examination of gold tesserae as well as for the selection of suitable materials for their reproduction. In this paper, the ESEM-EDX analyses of original gold tesserae and their damage types are presented. These analytical results form the basis for further calculations of glass properties and experiments. These calculated values enable the determination of the relevant glass properties and allow us to choose the appropriate type of modern glass for further experiments. Subsequent experiments convert this knowledge into practice. By comparing the analytical results from the original glasses and the replicas the accuracy and precision will be shown.
KW - Gold mosaics
KW - Tesserae
KW - ESEM-EDX
KW - Glass analyses
KW - Damage mechanism
PY - 2012
SN - 978-1-904982-65-4
SP - 107
EP - 113
PB - Archetype publications Ltd.
AN - OPUS4-27641
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Rua-Ibarz, Ana
A1 - Nakadi, Flávio V.
A1 - Bolea-Fernandez, Eduardo
A1 - Bazo, Antonio
A1 - Battistella, Beatrice
A1 - Matiushkina, Anna
A1 - Resch-Genger, Ute
A1 - Abad Andrade, Carlos Enrique
A1 - Resano, Martín
T1 - Discrete entity analysis via microwave-induced nitrogen plasma–mass spectrometry in single-event mode
N2 - In this work, single-event microwave-induced nitrogen plasma–mass spectrometry (single-event MINP-MS) was evaluated for the first time for the analysis of discrete entities such as nanoparticles, biological cells, and microplastics. Nitrogen (N2) effectively overcomes Ar-based polyatomic interferences, enabling (ultra)trace element determination of Fe and Se using their most abundant isotopes, 56Fe (91.66%) and 80Se (49.82%). Iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3 NPs) ranging from 20 to 70 nm were accurately characterized, with excellent agreement with established sizing techniques, such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). A limit of detection (LoD) of 8.6 ag for Fe─equivalent to an LoDsize of 19 nm for Fe2O3─was achieved, which is significantly lower than recent values reported for high-end quadrupole-based ICP-MS. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) of 150 and 250 nm were also accurately characterized, without the N2-based plasma experiencing issues handling relatively large metallic NPs (linearity, R2 = 0.9994). Se-enriched yeast cells (SELM-1 certified reference material) were successfully analyzed via single-cell MINP-MS using external calibration based on SeNPs and a transport efficiency-independent approach. In addition, 2–3 μm polystyrene (PS) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) were accurately sized by monitoring 12C+, confirming the method’s suitability for handling micrometer-sized polymeric materials (microplastics). The average duration of individual events (680 ± 160 μs) suggests that the digestion of individual entities in N2-based plasmas is comparable to that in Ar-based plasmas. These results open new avenues for this instrumentation as an alternative to ICP ionization sources, also in the context of discrete entity analysis.
KW - Microwave-Induced Nitrogen Plasma
KW - Discrete entity analysis
KW - Particle/droplet event counting
KW - Comparison to SP-ICP-MS methodologies
KW - Nitrogen plasma vs. argon ICP trade-offs
KW - Trace elemental quantification at the single-entity level
KW - Time-resolved mass spectrometry for discrete entities
PY - 2025
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-643825
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.5c04341
SN - 0003-2700
SP - 1
EP - 8
PB - American Chemical Society (ACS)
AN - OPUS4-64382
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Neumann, Patrick P.
A1 - Kohlhoff, Harald
A1 - Hüllmann, Dino
A1 - Kluge, Martin
A1 - Askar, Enis
A1 - Habib, Abdel Karim
A1 - Krentel, Daniel
A1 - Mair, Georg W.
A1 - Rudolph, Michael
A1 - Schoppa, André
A1 - Szczepaniak, Mariusz
A1 - Storm, Sven-Uwe
A1 - Tschirschwitz, Rico
T1 - Auswirkungen von Behälterversagen bei alternativen PKW-Antrieben - Teil 2: UAV-basierte Fernerkundung von Gaswolken
N2 - Verkehrsunfälle unter Beteiligung von Fahrzeugen mit alternativen Kraftstoffen wie LPG („Autogas“, Liquefied Petroleum Gas), CNG (Compressed Natural Gas, komprimiertes Erdgas) oder CGH2 (Compressed Gas Hydrogen, komprimierter Wasserstoff), bergen neue, komplexe Risiken für Passagiere, Einsatzkräfte und deren Umfeld. Im Rahmen des Projektes „CoFi-ABV“ beschäftigt sich die Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) unter Berücksichtigung komplexer Brand- und Explosionsszenarien mit einer ganzheitlichen Betrachtung der Auswirkungen des unfallbedingten Versagens von Gasbehältern für alternative Kraftstoffe. Ein wichtiger Teil des Forschungsvorhabens umfasst Entwicklung, Aufbau und Validierung einer unbemannten Flugplattform (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, UAV) zur Ferndetektion von Gaswolken. Für das sogenannte gassensitive Mini-UAV wird ein robuster Open-Path-Gasdetektor auf einer Sensorbewegungsplattform in Form eines modifizierten Kamera-Gimbals, integriert. Ziel ist es, ein leistungsfähiges und robustes Werkzeug zu entwickeln, welches Einsatzkräften im Falle eines Unfalls als Hilfe zur Abschätzung der Gefahr durch Gaswolken, ihrer Ausbreitung und der notwendigen Absperrbereiche zur Verfügung steht. Dieser Artikel ist der zweite der Reihe und legt, nach Projektvorstellung im ersten Teil, nun den Schwerpunkt auf das gassensitive Mini-UAV.
KW - UAV
KW - Fernerkundung
KW - Open-Path-Gasdetektor
KW - Alternative Antriebe/Kraftstoffe
KW - Behälterversagen
PY - 2016
SN - 2191-0073
VL - 6
IS - 11/12
SP - 23
EP - 28
PB - Springer-VDI-Verlag
CY - Düsseldorf
AN - OPUS4-38517
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Krentel, Daniel
A1 - Tschirschwitz, Rico
A1 - Kluge, Martin
A1 - Askar, Enis
A1 - Habib, Abdel Karim
A1 - Kohlhoff, Harald
A1 - Neumann, Patrick P.
A1 - Rudolph, Michael
A1 - Schoppa, André
A1 - Storm, Sven-Uwe
A1 - Szczepaniak, Mariusz
T1 - Experimental investigation of failure of LPG gas tanks in passenger cars during full fire development
N2 - In continuation of a preceding test series involving sole LPG vehicle tanks, three passenger cars equipped with identical toroidal steel LPG tanks were set on fire. The tanks were installed in the space normally reserved for the spare tyre, in the car boot. No safety device was installed on the tank, in order to force critical failure of the cylinder. Two of the cars were equipped with a tank filled with liquefied propane to a level of 20 % (5.3 kg), the third one was filled completely (25.5 kg). The partially filled tanks failed critically within a time period of more than 20 min after the initiation of the fire. The fully-filled tank did not rupture; the propane was released continuously through a small leak that appeared during the fire. Comprehensive equipment was used to procure measurement data, enabling an analysis of potential consequences and hazards to humans and infrastructure within the vehicle surroundings. The inner status of the tank (pressure, temperature of the liquid phase and the steel casing), the development of the fire (temperature inside and around the vehicle) and the pressure induced in the near-field in case of tank rupture were recorded. The results were analysed in detail and compared against the data gained in tests involving sole, but identical LPG tanks.
T2 - FIVE 2018
CY - Boras, Sweden
DA - 03.10.2018
KW - Behälterversagen
KW - LPG
KW - Alternative Antriebe
KW - Fahrzeugbrand
KW - Auswirkungsbetrachtung
PY - 2018
SN - 978-91-88695-95-6
VL - 51
SP - 123
EP - 131
PB - RISE Safety
CY - Boras
AN - OPUS4-46310
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Krentel, Daniel
A1 - Rudolph, Michael
A1 - Tschirschwitz, Rico
A1 - Kluge, Martin
A1 - Askar, Enis
A1 - Habib, Abdel Karim
A1 - Kohlhoff, Harald
A1 - Neumann, Patrick P.
A1 - Schalau, Bernd
A1 - Schoppa, André
A1 - Storm, Sven-Uwe
A1 - Szczepaniak, Mariusz
A1 - Mair, Georg W.
T1 - Infrared radiation measurement at failure of mobile gas vessels
N2 - 15 identical off-the-shelf propane cylinders (m = 11 kg liquid propane) were underfired. The infrared Radiation of the Explosion, that occurred in the aftermath of the vessel failure, was recorded using four bolometers. These measurements are compared with an estimation of the Maximum intensity gained by an Analysis of the Video data, an Extended Version of the Stefan-Boltzmann law and a BLEVE model.
T2 - 26th International Colloquium on the Dynamics of Explosions and Reactive Systems
CY - Boston, USA
DA - 30.07.2017
KW - Failure of gas vessels
KW - Propane cylinder
KW - Gas explosion
KW - Consequences
KW - Infrared radiation
PY - 2017
SP - 1
EP - 6
PB - FM Global
CY - Seattle, USA
AN - OPUS4-41993
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Zeps, Robert
A1 - Askar, Enis
A1 - Ferrero, Fabio
A1 - Kluge, Martin
T1 - Zündtemperatur von Gasen/ Gasgemischen bei erhöhten Anfangsdrücken in Abhängigkeit vom Behältervolumen
N2 - Zur Einschätzung der Wirksamkeit einer heißen Oberfläche als Zündquelle für ein Gas oder ein Gasgemisch werden in der Praxis Zündtemperaturen experimentell bestimmt. Die Zündtemperatur gemäß dem europäischen Standardverfahren EN 14522 wird bei Atmosphärendruck bestimmt und ist vor allem dazu geeignet die Wirksamkeit einer heißen Oberfläche als Zündquelle bei einem unerwünschten Stoffaustritt aus einer geschlossenen Anlage einzuschätzen. Eine Aussage bzgl. der der Zündfähigkeit an heißen Oberflächen innerhalb einer geschlossenen Anlage, z. B. in größeren Behältern bei bestimmten Gemischzusammensetzungen und höheren Anfangsdrücken, kann anhand der Zündtemperatur gemäß EN 14522 nicht getroffen werden. Die Bestimmung nach dem europäischen Standard erfolgt in einem offenen System, bei atmosphärischem Druck und in Luft als Oxidationsmittel.
T2 - 11. Fachtagung Anlagen-, Arbeits- und Umweltsicherheit
CY - Köthen, Germany
DA - 07.11.2013
KW - Sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen
KW - Chemisch instabile Gase
KW - Zerfallsfähige Gase
KW - Explosion
KW - Ethylenoxid
KW - Tetrafluorethylen
KW - Acetylen
PY - 2013
SN - 978-3-86011-058-4
IS - F-02
SP - 1
EP - 14
AN - OPUS4-29534
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Werrel, Martin
T1 - Ventilation vs. Vitiation Effects on the CO Pruduktion in a Controlled-atmosphere Cone Calorimeter
T2 - IAFSS International Symposium on Fire Safety Science
CY - Christchurch, New Zealand
DA - 2014-02-10
PY - 2014
AN - OPUS4-30291
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bevilacqua, Tommaso
A1 - Gumenyuk, Andrey
A1 - Habibi, Niloufar
A1 - Hartwig, Philipp
A1 - Klawonn, Axel
A1 - Lanser, Martin
A1 - Rethmeier, Michael
A1 - Scheunemann, Lisa
A1 - Schröeder, Jöerg
T1 - Large-scale thermo-mechanical simulation of laser beam welding using high-performance computing: A qualitative reproduction of experimental results
N2 - Laser beam welding (LBW) is a non-contact joining technique that has gained significant importance in modern industrial manufacturing. One potential problem, however, is the formation of solidification cracks, which particularly affects alloys with a pronounced melting range. The aim of the present work is the development of computational methods and software tools to numerically simulate LBW. In order to obtain a sufficiently accurate solution, a large number of finite elements has to be used. Therefore, a highly parallel scalable solver framework, based on the software library PETSc, was used to solve this computationally challenging problem on a high-performance computing architecture. Finally, the experimental results and the numerical simulations are compared. They are found to be in good qualitative agreement, which confirms the validity of the numerical simulations and allows for a better interpretation of the experimentally observed strain distribution.
KW - Laser beam welding
KW - Termo-mechanical processes
KW - Solidification cracking
KW - High-performance computing
KW - Domain decomposition methods
PY - 2025
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2025.108827
SN - 2590-1230
SP - 1
EP - 33
PB - Elsevier B.V.
AN - OPUS4-65290
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Martin, Nathan
A1 - Nota, Kevin
A1 - Aumont, Cédric
A1 - Marchand, Grégor
A1 - Marguerie, Dominique
T1 - Anthropic and climatic impacts on biodiversity during the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition in North-Western France
N2 - The Neolithic transition, which began around 10,000 BCE in Western Asia, has significantly impacted the biodiversity dynamics and the hunter-gatherer communities due to the beginning of anthropization and climate fluctuations during this period. Neolithic farmers gradually spread to the Atlantic margins of North-Western Europe during the 6th millennium BCE, arriving later than in other parts of the continent.
This systematic review aims to shed a light on the landscape transformations and shifts in the ecological niches that occurred during neolithization in the Armorican Massif, driven by human and climatic influences, through an interdisciplinary examination of palynology, archaeology and palaeogenomics. This Massif is situated in North-Western France which hosted well established Mesolithic and Neolithic societies that have been extensively studied. However, recent research has called into question the coexistence of these two cultural groups in this area, necessitating a reevaluation of the literature in light of these new findings.
This systematic review coupled with an analysis of pollen sequences reveals spatial and temporal heterogeneity in vegetation composition, openness, and the gradual introduction of domesticated taxa into the region. This analysis should be seen in the context of the delayed adoption of the agro-pastoral lifestyle in North-Western Europe, attributed to the different climatic conditions encountered, which required time for these societies and their domesticated taxa to adapt.
Further investigation is needed to clearly differentiate between anthropogenic and climatic impacts and paleoclimatic reconstruction based on pollen sequences looks promising for addressing this issue.
KW - Armorican massif
KW - Neolithic transition
KW - Anthropization
KW - Climate
KW - Palynology
KW - Biodiversity dynamics
PY - 2024
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2024.11.004
SN - 1040-6182
VL - 714
SP - 1
EP - 19
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
AN - OPUS4-65313
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Feller, Viktor
A1 - Mielentz, Frank
A1 - Klewe, T.
A1 - Krause, Martin
A1 - Orglmeister, R.
A1 - Pflugradt, M.
T1 - Ultrasonic phased array for investigations of concrete components
N2 - This paper describes an innovation of a phased array using dry contact probes to test concrete components. Based on preceding work on pressure waves, a low-frequency ultrasonic phased array consisting of shear wave probes is used in the experiments. This configuration allows the variation and control of the sound field directivity during the measurement. The measurements are carried out on a concrete test block using a scanning laservibrometer and a scanner system in transmission mode. The laboratory measurements are compared to theoretical calculations to investigate the influence of the probes shape and dimension on the resulting sound field patterns. The comparison of the modelling and the measurements demonstrates the suitability of the point source synthesis as a tool for the optimization of probe array designs. Methods of coded are used to improve the signal to noise ratio.
T2 - NDT-CE 2015 - International symposium non-destructive testing in civil engineering
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 15.09.2015
KW - Ultrasonic
KW - Phased array
KW - Concrete
KW - Point source synthesis
PY - 2015
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-350417
UR - http://www.ndt.net/article/ndtce2015/papers/059_feller_viktor.pdf
SN - 1435-4934
SP - 1
EP - 5
PB - Technische Universität Berlin / Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung
AN - OPUS4-35041
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Dey, Anika
A1 - Casperson, Ralf
A1 - Pohl, Rainer
A1 - Thomas, Hans-Martin
T1 - Die Wirbelstromprüfung als Hilfsmittel für die Schieneninstandhaltung
N2 - Die zerstörungsfreie Oberflächenprüfung an verlegten Eisenbahnschienen mit Wirbelstrom hat in den letzten Jahren durch ständige Weiterentwicklung und Verifizierung enorm an Bedeutung gewonnen. Es wurde u.a. angestrebt zuverlässige Planungsgrößen für den Einsatz von Instandhaltungsmaßnahmen zu erhalten, durch deren gezielten Einsatz Risswachstum unterbunden werden kann. Die Ursache für das Wachstum von Rissen in der Schiene liegt in der Materialermüdung des Werkstoffes infolge der Betriebsbelastungen im RadSchiene-Kontakt. Nach einer gewissen Beanspruchungsdauer kommt es an den Kontaktflächen der Fahrkante zu einer Kaltverfestigung des Schienenstahls. Durch fortschreitende Verfestigung des kontaktbeanspruchten Oberflächenbereichs der gehärteten Schicht wird der Werkstoff spröde und es bilden sich feine Risse aus. Die Risse wachsen anfangs unter einem flachen Winkel in das Schieneninnere hinein, neigen dann aber ab einem gewissen Stadium dazu in das Innere des Schienenkopfes abzukippen, was im Extremfall zu einem Schienenbruch führen kann. Diese Rollkontaktermüdungsrisse, auch genannt Head Checks, entstehen bevorzugt in der Fahrkante von bogenäußeren Schienen. Die Anwendung der Wirbelstromprüfung an der Schiene wurde bisher zur Ermittlung der Schädigungstiefe dieser Rollkontaktermüdungsrisse eingesetzt. Das Wirbelstromverfahren besitzt die Eigenschaft, sehr empfindlich auf alle Veränderungen der Materialeigenschaften an der Oberfläche zu reagieren. Daher wurde festgestellt, dass sich neben der Detektion von Rissen auch Fehler wie Eindrückungen oder Schlupfwellen, bis hin zu Materialveränderungen durch Schweißen oder Aufhärtungen in der Schienenoberfläche bestimmen lassen. Die Wirbelstromprüfung besitzt daher das Potenzial, mögliche Orte der Entstehung von Ermüdungsrissen in einem extrem frühzeitigen Stadium nachzuweisen. Ziel ist es, die rissgefährdeten Zonen schon im Zustand der Kaltverfestigung zu identifizieren. Dadurch können sich neue Aspekte für die präventive Schieneninstandhaltung ergeben.
T2 - DGZfP-Jahrestagung 2010 - Zerstörungsfreie Materialprüfung ZfP in Forschung, Entwicklung und Anwendung
CY - Erfurt, Germany
DA - 10.05.2010
PY - 2010
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-214813
PB - Deutsche Gesellschaft für Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (DGZfP)
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-21481
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Krause, Martin
A1 - Effner, Ute
A1 - Müller, Sabine
A1 - Nowak, Thomas Rudolf
A1 - Vergin, Dirk
T1 - 3D-SAFT Imaging von Streuern in Brettschichtholz
N2 - Aktuell wird die Ultraschallechotechnik für Holzbauteile genutzt, indem aus der Abschattung eines ansonsten stabilen Rückwandechos auf Auffälligkeiten im Holzbauteil geschlossen wird. Dabei werden Transversalwellen (Mittenfrequenz 50 kHz) mit der Polarisationsrichtung in Faserrichtung (L) angewendet. In einem 2012 abgeschlossenen Forschungsvorhaben wurde nun die direkte Abbildung von Streuern durch anisotrope SAFT-Rekonstruktion entwickelt.
Dazu werden flächig aufgenommene Ultraschallmessdaten mit automatisiert scannenden Druck- und Scherwellenköpfen erzeugt und auf Basis anisotroper Geschwindigkeitsverteilungen rekonstruiert. Benutzt werden die auch häufig für Beton eingesetzten trocken ankoppelnden Punktkontakt-Prüfköpfe. Da damit auch intensive Wellen an der Oberfläche erzeugt werden, entstehen im Material zusätzliche Kopfwellen, die ebenfalls bei der Rekonstruktion berücksichtigt werden.
Da die Wellengeschwindigkeiten in Holz individuell stark schwanken, wird eine interaktive Auswertetechnik zur Ermittlung der Materialkonstanten benutzt. Für die Messungen werden Druckwellen sowie Scherwellen in zwei Polarisationsrichtungen verwendet. Die Messungen erfolgen sowohl mit automatischen Scannersystemen als
auch mit einem linearen Prüfkopf-Array (kommerziell erhältlicher multistatischer Messkopf). Gezeigt werden Ergebnisse an Bauteilen mit künstlichen und realen Fehlstellen. Das Forschungsprojekt wurde gefördert vom Bundesamt für Bau- und Raumordnung (BBR, Zukunft Bau).
T2 - DGZfP-Jahrestagung 2013
CY - Dresden, Germany
DA - 06.05.2013
KW - Holz
KW - Ultraschallecho
KW - Anisotropie
KW - Rekonstruktionsrechnung
KW - Fehlstellenortung
PY - 2013
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-293509
SN - 978-3-940283-49-8
IS - Poster 8
SP - 1
EP - 9
AN - OPUS4-29350
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Krause, Martin
A1 - Mauke, R.
A1 - Effner, Ute
A1 - Milmann, Boris
A1 - Völker, Christoph
A1 - Wiggenhauser, Herbert
T1 - Ultrasonic testing of a sealing construction made of salt concrete in an underground disposal facility for radioactive waste
N2 - For the closure of radioactive waste disposal facilities engineered barriers- so called “drift seals” are used. The purpose of these barriers is to constrain the possible infiltration of brine and to prevent the migration of radionuclides into the biosphere. In a rock salt mine a large scale in-situ experiment of a sealing construction made of salt concrete was set up to prove the technical feasibility and operability of such barriers. In order to investigate the integrity of this structure, non-destructive ultrasonic measurements were carried out.
Therefore two different methods were applied at the front side of the test-barrier:
1 Reflection measurements from boreholes
2 Ultrasonic imaging by means of scanning ultrasonic echo methods This extended abstract is a short version of an article to be published in a special edition of ASCE Journal that will briefly describe the sealing construction, the application of the non-destructive ultrasonic measurement methods and their adaptation to the onsite conditions -as well as parts of the obtained results. From this a concept for the systematic investigation of possible contribution of ultrasonic methods for quality assurance of sealing structures may be deduced.
T2 - NDT-CE 2015 - International symposium non-destructive testing in civil engineering
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 2015-09-15
KW - Ultrasonic reflection measurement
KW - Dry contact transducers in boreholes
KW - Interface salt-concrete / rock salt
KW - Ultrasonic imaging of internal reflectors
PY - 2015
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-346203
UR - http://www.ndt.net/?id=18304
SN - 1435-4934
VL - 20
IS - 11
SP - 1
EP - 4
PB - NDT.net
CY - Kirchwald
AN - OPUS4-34620
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Babutzka, Martin
A1 - Heyn, A.
T1 - Dynamic tafel factor adaption for the evaluation of instantaneous corrosion rates on zinc by using gel-type electrolytes
N2 - The paper presents a new method for the determination and evaluation of tafel factors using gel-type electrolytes and electrochemical frequency modulation technique (EFM). This relatively new electrochemical method offers the possibility to determine both polarization resistances and tafel factors within one measurement and in short measuring intervals. Starting from a comprehensive parameter study it is shown that a direct relationship between the two values exists that can be described mathematically. This contribution presents the determined tafel factors for the system gel-type electrolyte/zinc and discusses their applicability and their limits.
T2 - 19th Chemnitz Seminar on Materials Engineering – 19. Werkstofftechnisches Kolloquium
CY - Chemnitz, Germany
DA - 16.03.2017
KW - Gel-type electrolytes
KW - Gelartige Elektrolyte
KW - Zinc
KW - Zink
KW - Stern Geary constant
KW - Stern-Geary-Konstante
PY - 2017
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-394324
UR - http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/181/1/012021/pdf
DO - https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/181/1/012021
SN - 1757-899X
SN - 1757-8981
VL - 181
IS - Conference 1
SP - Article UNSP 012021, 1
EP - 11
PB - IOP Publishing
CY - Bristol, UK
AN - OPUS4-39432
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Wilhelm, Stefan
A1 - Kaiser, Martin
A1 - Würth, Christian
A1 - Heiland, J.
A1 - Carrillo-Carrion, C.
A1 - Muhr, V.
A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S.
A1 - Parak, W.J.
A1 - Resch-Genger, Ute
A1 - Hirsch, T.
T1 - Water dispersible upconverting nanoparticles: effects of surface modification on their luminescence and colloidal stability
N2 - We present a systematic study on the effect of surface ligands on the luminescence properties and colloidal stability of β-NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), comparing nine different surface coatings to render these UCNPs water-dispersible and bioconjugatable. A prerequisite for this study was a large-scale synthetic method that yields ~2 g per batch of monodisperse oleate-capped UCNPs providing identical core particles. These ~23 nm sized UCNPs display an upconversion quantum yield of ~0.35% when dispersed in cyclohexane and excited with a power density of 150 W cm-2, underlining their high quality. A comparison of the colloidal stability and luminescence properties of these UCNPs, subsequently surface modified with ligand exchange or encapsulation protocols, revealed that the ratio of the green (545 nm) and red (658 nm) emission bands determined at a constant excitation power density clearly depends on the surface chemistry. Modifications relying on the deposition of additional (amphiphilic) layer coatings, where the initial oleate coating is retained, show reduced non-radiative quenching by water as compared to UCNPs that are rendered water-dispersible via ligand exchange. Moreover, we could demonstrate that the brightness of the upconversion luminescence of the UCNPs is strongly affected by the type of surface modification, i.e., ligand exchange or encapsulation, yet hardly by the chemical nature of the ligand.
KW - upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs)
KW - Luminescence
KW - surface modification
PY - 2015
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-324071
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c4nr05954a
SN - 2040-3364
SN - 2040-3372
VL - 7
IS - 4
SP - 1403
EP - 1410
PB - RSC Publ.
CY - Cambridge
AN - OPUS4-32407
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Ferrero, Fabio
A1 - Kluge, Martin
A1 - Hensel, Christina
A1 - Kreißig, Michael
A1 - Schmidtchen, Ulrich
A1 - Holtappels, Kai
T1 - Unterfeuerung von Acetylendruckgasbehältern
T2 - 10. Fachtagung Anlagen-, Arbeits- und Umweltsicherheit
CY - Köthen, Deutschland
DA - 2010-11-04
KW - Sicherheit
KW - Acetylen
KW - Feuer
KW - Wasserkühlung
KW - Wärmeübertragung
PY - 2010
SN - 978-3-89746-119-2
N1 - Geburtsname von Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. - Birth name of Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M.
IS - Paper N-02
SP - 1
EP - 20
CY - Frankfurt/M.
AN - OPUS4-22351
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ferrero, Fabio
A1 - Kluge, Martin
A1 - Schmidtchen, Ulrich
A1 - Holtappels, Kai
T1 - Modeling the heat transfer in acetylene cylinders during and after the exposure to fire
N2 - In this paper two different approaches for predicting the heating-up of an acetylene cylinder involved in a fire and the afterward cooling with water are presented. In the simulations polynomial functions were used to describe the temperature dependency of the thermal properties of the cylinder interior, which is a complex system composed by a solid porous material, a solvent (typically acetone) and acetylene dissolved in it. Model equations covered heat conduction in the cylinder interior and at its walls. In the first approach the cylinder surroundings were simulated as a further domain constituted by CO2, during the fire exposure, and for water, during the cooling. In this domain the coupled heat transfer (convection and conduction) and the momentum equation (Navier-Stokes) were solved. In the second approach no further domain was considered but boundary conditions were set directly on the cylinder walls. Results of the calculations performed with both approaches are presented. This work could prove helpful in predicting to which extent the interior of an acetylene cylinder exposed to fire reaches temperatures capable of initiating the decomposition of acetylene and to determine how long a water cooling should be applied, so that the system is brought again under non-critical conditions.
KW - Safety
KW - Acetylene
KW - Heat transfer
KW - Fire
KW - Water cooling
PY - 2010
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2010.06.012
SN - 0950-4230
SN - 1873-3352
N1 - Geburtsname von Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. - Birth name of Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M.
VL - 23
SP - 654
EP - 661
PB - Butterworth
CY - Guildford, Surrey
AN - OPUS4-21808
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Zeps, Robert
A1 - Rosenow, B.
A1 - Kluge, Martin
A1 - Blanchard, R.
A1 - Holtappels, Kai
T1 - Druckentlastungsvorgänge in großvolumigen Behältern
N2 - Es wurden Druckentlastungsvorgänge in einem 5 m³ Autoklav mit einem L/D-Verhältnis von 1,14 nach der Zündung von Methan-Luft-Gemischen untersucht. Schwerpunkt der Arbeit war die Bestimmung der Explosionsdrücke, der zeitlichen Druckanstiege bzw. der KG-Werte und der reduzierten Explosionsdrücke in Abhängigkeit der Methankonzentration. Im geschlossenen Behälter wurden die Explosionsdrücke und zeitlichen Druckanstiege für Methan-Luft-Gemische mit Methankonzentrationen von 5,9 Vol-% bis 13,5 Vol-% ermittelt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen gute Übereinstimmung mit den Literaturwerten. Weiter wurden Druckentlastungsversuche mit einer kreisrunden Entlastungsfläche von 0,011 m² und einer Druckentlastungsfolie mit einem statischen Ansprechdruck von 1,94 bar durchgeführt. Hierbei wurden Gemische mit Methankonzentrationen von 5,9 Vol-% bis 14,3 Vol-% untersucht. Dabei zeigte sich, dass die vergleichsweise kleine Entlastungsfläche nur dann zu reduzierten Explosionsdrücken gleich dem statischen Ansprechdruck der Berstfolie führte, wenn die Methankonzentration ≤ 5,9 Vol-% oder ≥ 14,0 Vol-% betrug. Bei allen anderen untersuchten Methankonzentrationen führten die durch die Druckentlastung induzierten Turbulenzen zu einer Beschleunigung der Verbrennungsreaktion und zu Explosionsdrücken vergleichbar denen im geschlossenen Behälter.
T2 - 14. Kolloquium zur chemischen und physikalischen Sicherheitstechnik (BAM-PTB-Kolloquium)
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 14.06.2016
KW - Druckentlastung
KW - Up-Scale
KW - Deflagration
KW - Sicherheitstechnik
PY - 2016
SN - 978-3-9817853-5-7
SN - 0938-5533
VL - 2016
SP - 21
EP - 28
PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-37176
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ferrero, Fabio
A1 - Kluge, Martin
A1 - Kreißig, Michael
A1 - Hensel, Christina
A1 - Schmidtchen, Ulrich
A1 - Holtappels, Kai
T1 - Preventing the explosion of acetylene cylinders involved in fire with help of numerical modeling
N2 - The current paper describes a mathematical model, which was developed to simulate the heat transfer in acetylene cylinders during exposure to a fire. The cases of a direct engulfment of the cylinder in the flames and of exposure to a distant fire were considered. Furthermore, the model was also applied to the prediction of the heat transfer during the cooling with water of heated acetylene cylinders, in order to assess the effectiveness of this procedure as a measure to prevent the burst of the cylinder. To provide data for the definition and validation of the model a total of 13 bonfire tests with 8.9-, 10- and 50-dm³-cylinders were performed, where pressure and temperature measurements in the samples were performed. During 5 experiments the fire was extinguished before the expected cylinder burst and a cooling with water was applied. In the paper a short description of the experimental set-up and of the test results is given. Finally, a comparison with the model predictions is provided, showing reasonable agreement.
KW - Acetylene cylinders
KW - Fire
KW - Explosion
KW - Cooling
KW - Numerical model
PY - 2012
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2011.10.006
SN - 0950-4230
SN - 1873-3352
N1 - Geburtsname von Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. - Birth name of Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M.
VL - 25
IS - 2
SP - 364
EP - 372
PB - Butterworth
CY - Guildford, Surrey
AN - OPUS4-25137
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Holtappels, Kai
A1 - Kluge, Martin
A1 - Ferrero, Fabio
A1 - Schmidtchen, Ulrich
T1 - Acetylenflaschen im Feuer
N2 - Acetylen ist eines der wichtigsten technischen Gase und findet insbesondere Anwendung beim Schweißen und Schneiden verschiedener Werkstoffe. Damit Acetylen in entsprechenden Mengen vor Ort zur Verfügung gestellt werden kann, wird es in Druckgasbehälter abgefüllt. Im Falle eines Brandes stehen Acetylenflaschen im Verdacht, jederzeit – auch nach Löschen des Feuers – aufgrund einer möglicherweise initiierten Zerfallsreaktion zu bersten. Um insbesondere Personenschäden zu vermeiden, evakuieren und sperren die Rettungskräfte einen Sicherheitsbereich mit einem Radius von mindestens 200 m um die verdächtige Flasche ab. Gleichzeitig wird umgehend mit der Kühlung der Flasche begonnen. Wie lange muss aber eine Acetylenflasche gekühlt werden, bis sie sicher abtransportiert werden kann, und wie lange muss der Sicherheitsbereich mit dem großen Radius aufrecht erhalten werden? Diesen Fragen ist die BAM in den vergangenen Jahren im Rahmen verschiedener Untersuchungen und Projekte nachgegangen.
KW - Acetylen
KW - Druckbehälter
KW - Poröses Material
KW - Lösungsmittel
PY - 2012
SN - 2191-0073
N1 - Geburtsname von Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. - Birth name of Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M.
VL - 2
IS - 4
SP - 19
EP - 25
PB - Springer-VDI-Verl.
CY - Düsseldorf
AN - OPUS4-25902
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Bernardy, Christopher
A1 - Habib, Abdel Karim
A1 - Kluge, Martin
A1 - Schalau, Bernd
A1 - Schulze, Marcel
A1 - Kant, Hanjo
A1 - Orchini, Alessandro
ED - Ruggiero, Eric J.
T1 - Experimental investigation of large-scale hydrogen diffusion jet flames
N2 - Hydrogen is a promising alternative to natural gas in industrial energy applications which would serve the goal of limiting global warming. However, wide application of hydrogen requires specific safety considerations taking into account that hydrogen is stored and transported under much higher pressure than natural gas. Thus, one scenario to be considered for hazard assessment is a sudden release of hydrogen from a leakage or safety valve and its subsequent ignition. For hydrocarbon flames, various jet flame models are available. However, hydrogen flames significantly differ from hydrocarbon flames in their combustion behavior, so that the applicability of these models to hydrogen has to be investigated. For that purpose, reals scale tests were carried out at the BAM Test Site Technical Safety. In addition, hydrocarbon jet flames (methane) were investigated. In these tests, the flame geometry and the thermal heat radiation were investigated for a release angle of 90°, for different release pressures (up to 220 bar) and mass flows (up to 0.175 kg/s). While existing heat radiation data from the literature are mostly based on unsteady outflow conditions and/or releases in still air, the experiments presented here are focused on ensuring a constant mass flow over the release duration under realistic free field conditions (with wind influence). This allows a better comparability with the stationary jet flame models and assessment of wind influence on model predictions. A number of parameters such as the surface emissive power of the jet flame and the radiant heat fraction were determined. A detailed comparison of the obtained experimental results with literature radiation models was performed. Good agreement between experimental and literature data was found for hydrogen whereas significant differences were identified for methane. Based on the investigations, empirical equations for modelling jet flames could be derived.
T2 - American Society of Mechanical Engineers - Turbomachinery Technical Conference & Exposition GT2025
CY - Memphis, TN, USA
DA - 16.06.2025
KW - Hydrogen release
KW - Jet flame
KW - Radiant heat fraction
KW - Thermal radiation
PY - 2025
SN - 978-0-7918-8877-3
DO - https://doi.org/10.1115/GT2025-FM2
SP - 1
EP - 11
PB - The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
CY - Livingston
AN - OPUS4-64098
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Schartel, Bernhard
A1 - Richter, K. H.
A1 - Böhning, Martin
ED - Morgan, A. B.
ED - Wilkie, C. A.
ED - Nelson, G. L.
T1 - Synergistic use of talc in halogen-free flame retarded polycarbonate/Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene blends
N2 - Pyrolysis, flammability, fire behavior, melt viscosity, and gas diffusion of bisphenol A polycarbonate/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (PC/ABS) were investigated, with bisphenol A bis(diphenyl phosphate) (BDP), with 10 wt.% talc and with BDP in combination with 5, 10 and 20 wt.% talc, respectively. Compared to PC/ABS, PC/ABS + BDP results in an increased decomposition temperature of PC, a higher char yield, a significantly increased LOI, a V-0 classification in UL 94, a reduced peak heat release rate (pHRR), and a reduced total heat release (THR) in the cone calorimeter. This efficient flame retardancy is due to mechanisms in both the gas and condensed phases. PC/ABS + 10 wt.% talc shows a decrease in the PC decomposition temperature. The fire behavior is improved in part compared to PC/ABS, with an increased LOI and reduced pHRR. PC/ABS + BDP + 10 wt.% talc shows a strong synergism in LOI, a V-0 classification, and a decrease in pHRR, whereas THR is slightly increased compared to PC/ABS + BDP. Talc decreases the gas diffusion and enhances the flow limit for low shear rates, both of which influence the pyrolysis and flammability results. Further, talc improves the protection properties of the fire residues. Nevertheless it also partly suppresses flame inhibition and the charring effect of BDP. The synergism between BDP and talc in LOI is obtained even for low talc loadings in PC/ABS + BDP + talc, whereas for higher loadings saturation is observed.
KW - Flame retardancy
KW - PC/ABS
KW - Aryl phosphate
KW - Talc
PY - 2012
SN - 978-0-8412-2780-4
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/bk-2012-1118.ch002
N1 - Serientitel: ACS Symposium Series – Series title: ACS Symposium Series
VL - 1118
IS - Chapter 2
SP - 15
EP - 36
PB - Oxford University Press
AN - OPUS4-27563
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Fittschen, U.
A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Böttger, S.
A1 - Rosenberg, D.
A1 - Menzel, M.
A1 - Jensen, W.
A1 - Busker, M.
A1 - Gotlib, Z.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich
A1 - Wobrauschek, P.
A1 - Streli, C.
ED - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
T1 - A setup for synchrotron-radiation-induced total reflection X-ray fluorescence and X-ray absorption near-edge structure recently commissioned at BESSY II BAMline
N2 - An automatic sample changer chamber for total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) and X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) analysis in TXRF geometry was successfully set up at the BAMline at BESSY II. TXRF and TXRF-XANES are valuable tools for elemental determination and speciation, especially where sample amounts are limited (<1 mg) and concentrations are low (ng ml⁻¹ to μg ml⁻¹). TXRF requires a well defined geometry regarding the reflecting surface of a sample carrier and the synchrotron beam. The newly installed chamber allows for reliable sample positioning, remote sample changing and evacuation of the fluorescence beam path. The chamber was successfully used showing accurate determination of elemental amounts in the certified reference material NISTwater 1640. Low limits of detection of less than 100 fg absolute (10 pg ml⁻¹) for Ni were found. TXRF-XANES on different Re species was applied. An unknown species of Re was found to be Re in the +7 oxidation state.
KW - TXRF
KW - TXRF-XANES
KW - Sample changer
KW - BAMline
KW - Re-XANES
PY - 2016
DO - https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577516001995
SN - 1600-5775
VL - 23
IS - 3
SP - 820
EP - 824
PB - International Union of Crystallography
AN - OPUS4-38656
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kühn, Andreas
A1 - Scharf, Oliver
A1 - Ordavo, I.
A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Berger, Achim
A1 - Ostermann, Markus
A1 - Panne, Ulrich
T1 - Pushing the limits for fast spatially resolved elemental distribution patterns
N2 - A new setup for fast spatially resolved measurements of elemental trace amounts under total reflection conditions using a new colour X-ray camera is described. Samples prepared on conventional total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) reflectors were measured at BESSY II synchrotron. A spatial resolution of 50 × 50 µm² was obtained, while the required time for the investigation of a 10 × 10 mm² sample is 30 seconds. The set-up is up to 350 times faster than conventional X-ray fluorescence systems for elemental traces. The major components of the X-ray camera are polycapillary optics and a pn-CCD chip with an active area of 13 × 13 mm². This area is divided into 264 × 264 pixels of 48 × 48 µm². A full X-ray spectrum with a resolution of 152 eV @ 5.9 keV and a chip temperature of 246 K is recorded for each pixel. The chip has a read-out rate of 400 Hz.
PY - 2011
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c1ja10069f
SN - 0267-9477
SN - 1364-5544
VL - 26
SP - 1986
EP - 1989
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry
CY - London
AN - OPUS4-24386
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Buzanich, Günter
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich
A1 - Streli, C.
T1 - Micro-X-ray absorption spectroscopy with compound refractive lenses
N2 - A study regarding the possibility to use compound refractive lenses (CRLs) for X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was conducted. For XAS measurements the energy of the monochromatic incident beam has to be tuned over an energy range which is broader than the energy bandwidth of a CRL. To prove that µ-XAS with compound refractive lenses is possible, it had to be investigated how changes in the energy influence the beam parameters. This was done by tuning the energy around the nominal energy of the lens and recording images with a high resolution X-ray imaging setup. To investigate the changes in the spot size the scintillator was placed at the nominal focal distance and scans along the beam axis were performed. The effect on the photon flux of the incident beam due to absorption in the lens was investigated by performing XANES measurement on different reference materials with and without CRL. The results of these measurements using a CRL designed for 9 keV are shown and discussed.
KW - Micro-XAS
KW - Compound refractive lens
PY - 2012
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c2ja30130j
SN - 0267-9477
SN - 1364-5544
VL - 27
IS - 10
SP - 1803
EP - 1808
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry
CY - London
AN - OPUS4-26790
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - Shading Effects in SR-TXRF: Calcullations and Experimental Visualization using a Color X-ray Camera
T2 - Denver X-ray Conference
CY - BIG SKY RESORT, BIG SKY, MONTANA, USA
DA - 2014-07-28
PY - 2014
AN - OPUS4-32386
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Menzel, M.
A1 - Scharf, O.
A1 - Novak, S.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Hischenhuber, P.
A1 - Buzanich, Günter
A1 - Meyer, A.
A1 - Lopez, V.
A1 - McIntosh, K.
A1 - Streli, C.
A1 - Havrilla, G.
A1 - Fittschen, U.
T1 - Shading in TXRF: calculations and experimental validation using a color X-ray camera
N2 - Absorption effects in total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) analysis are important to consider, especially if external calibration is to be applied. With a color X-ray camera (CXC), that enables spatially and energy resolved XRF analysis, the absorption of the primary beam was directly visualized for mL-droplets and an array of pL-droplets printed on a Si-wafer with drop-on-demand technology. As expected, deposits that are hit by the primary beam first shade subsequent droplets, leading to a diminished XRF signal. This shading effect was quantified with enhanced precision making use of sub-pixel analysis that improves the spatial resolution of the camera. The measured absorption was compared to simulated results using three different model calculations. It was found they match very well (average deviation < 10%). Thus errors in quantification due to absorption effects can be accounted for in a more accurate manner.
KW - absorption
KW - X-ray Fluorescence analysis
PY - 2015
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-359000
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/C5JA00127G
IS - 10
SP - 2184
EP - 2193
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry
CY - Cambridge
AN - OPUS4-35900
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Hahn, Oliver
A1 - Denker, A.
A1 - Merchel, S.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Wolff, T.
ED - Armbruster, B.
ED - Eilbracht, H.
ED - Hahn, Oliver
ED - Heinrich-Tamaska, O.
T1 - Zerstörungsfreie Analyse von Metallartefakten - Eine Fallstudie
N2 - Die naturwissenschaftliche Analyse historischer Materialen ermöglicht die Beantwortung kulturhistorischer Fragestellungen, die mit kunsthistorischen oder archäologischen Ansätzen allein nicht zu leisten sind. In dieser Studie wurden sechs römische Münzen mit unterschiedlich stark ausgeprägten Korrosionsschichten an unbehandelten und polierten Stellen mit vier zerstörungsfreien analytischen Methoden untersucht: Hoch- und Niederenergie Protonen Induzierter Röntgenemission (HE-/PIXE), Synchrotronstrahlungsinduzierte-Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse (SY-RFA) und Mikro-Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse (Mikro-RFA) mit einem mobilen Gerät. Aufgrund von Unterschieden in den Messbedingungen und dem Einfluss der Patina-Schichten auf diese ergaben sich nur für wenige Elemente Übereinstimmungen in den quantitativen Daten. Zur Validierung zukünftiger Messkampagnen mit verschiedenen Methoden sind daher Vergleichstudien unerlässlich.
N2 - Investigations of physical properties and chemical composition of ancient materials generate important data for answering culture-historical questions that cannot be solved by art historical and archaeological methods alone. This contribution reports on the analysis of six Roman coins, with different degrees of corrosion layers in parts that were not handled or polished, using four non-destructive methods: low-energy particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE, 2 MeV), high-energy PIXE (68 MeV), μ-X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry with a portable device and synchrotron-radiation induced XRF. Because of differences in the conditions needed for measurement and the influence of the layers of patina on these measurements, there were few elements where the quantitative data were in agreement. Thus comparative analyses are essential to validate future measurement projects using different methods.
KW - Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung
KW - Protoneninduzierte Röntgenemission
KW - Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse
KW - Non-destructive testing
KW - Particle-induced X-ray emission
KW - X-ray fluorescence analysis
PY - 2016
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-385702
SN - 978-3-9816751-5-3
VL - Berlin studies of the ancient world, Band 35
SP - 117
EP - 137
PB - Edition Topoi
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-38570
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Nowak, S.H.
A1 - Bjeoumikhov, A.
A1 - Von Borany, J.
A1 - Buchriegler, J.
A1 - Munnik, F.
A1 - Petric, M.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Renno, A.D.
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Scharf, O.
A1 - Wedell, R.
T1 - Sub-pixel resolution with a color X-ray camera
N2 - The color X-ray camera SLcam® is a full-field, single photon detector providing scanning-free, energy and spatially resolved X-ray imaging. Spatial resolution is achieved with the use of polycapillary optics guiding X-ray photons from small regions on a sample to distinct energy dispersive pixels on a charged-coupled device detector. Applying sub-pixel resolution, signals from individual capillary channels can be distinguished. Therefore, the SLcam® spatial resolution, which is normally limited to the pixel size of the charge-coupled device, can be improved to the size of individual polycapillary channels. In this work a new approach to a sub-pixel resolution algorithm comprising photon events also from the pixel centers is proposed. The details of the employed numerical method and several sub-pixel resolution examples are presented and discussed.
KW - Color X-ray camera
KW - Sub pixel analysis
PY - 2015
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-334948
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ja00028a
SN - 0267-9477
SN - 1364-5544
SP - 1890
EP - 1897
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry
CY - London
AN - OPUS4-33494
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Hachmöller, O.
A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Aichler, M.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Dietrich, D.
A1 - Schwamborn, K.
A1 - Lutz, L.
A1 - Werner, M.
A1 - Sperling, M.
A1 - Walch, A.
A1 - Karst, U.
T1 - Elemental bioimaging and speciation analysis for the investigation of Wilsons disease using μXRF and XANES
N2 - A liver biopsy specimen from a Wilson’s disease (WD) patient was analyzed by means of micro-X-ray fluorescence (mXRF) spectroscopy to determine the elemental distribution. First, bench-top mXRF was utilized for a coarse scan of the sample under laboratory conditions. The resulting distribution maps of copper and iron enabled the determination of a region of interest (ROI) for further analysis. In order to obtain more detailed elemental information, this ROI was analyzed by synchrotron radiation (SR)-based mXRF with a beam size of 4 mm offering a resolution at the cellular level. Distribution maps of additional elements to copper and iron like zinc and manganese were obtained due to a higher sensitivity of SR-mXRF. In addition to this, X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES) was performed to identify the oxidation states of copper in WD. This speciation analysis indicated a mixture of copper(I) and copper(II) within the WD liver tissue.
KW - progressive hepatolenticular degeneration
KW - mXRF Micro-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy
KW - XANES X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy
PY - 2016
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-360811
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/C6MT00001K
SN - 1756-5901
SN - 1756-591X
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry
CY - Cambridge
AN - OPUS4-36081
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - RPRT
A1 - Ecker, K. H.
A1 - Wätjen, U.
A1 - Berger, Achim
A1 - Grötzschel, R.
A1 - Persson, L.
A1 - Pritzkow, W.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Riebe, Gundel
A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich
A1 - Vogl, Jochen
T1 - Certification of antimony implanted in silicon wafer with a silicon dioxide diffusion barrier - IRMM-302 and BAM-L001
N2 - This Report describes the certification of the reference material antimony implanted in Si/SiO2 intended to be used for calibration of surface and near surface analytical methods. It describes the preparation, homogeneity measurements and the analytical work performed for the certification of both Areal density of antimony Atoms (retained dose) and the isotope amount Ratio as well as giving considerations on the stability of the material.
KW - Isotope ratio
KW - Areal density
KW - Surface analysis
PY - 2002
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-355752
SP - 1
EP - 40
PB - Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements
CY - Geel, Belgium
AN - OPUS4-35575
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Guerra, M. F.
A1 - Fischer, M.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
T1 - Inca figurines from the Ethnologisches Museum in Berlin: an analytical study of some typical and atypical productions
N2 - Fourteen hollow and one cast anthropomorphic and zoomorphic figurines produced in Incan times for ritual offerings from the Ethnologisches Museum in Berlin were selected to investigate the technologies and alloys used for their fabrication with portable optical microscopy and non-destructive XRF elemental analysis. This group of gold and silver figurines includes typical specimens of the Inca production, such as the four silver figurines from the Island Coati in Lake Titicaca and the two gold figurines from Pachacamac, as well as specimens that are seldom present in collections, which makes them atypical. In addition to the tall figurines with atypical hair or standing pose, one bicolour figurine half silver, half gold) and another with coloured inlays were included in this study for comparison. The large majority of the silver specimens are made from very high quality alloys and the gold figurines are made from alloys containing low copper contents and silver ranging from 30wt% to 52wt%.
KW - Gold
KW - pXRF
KW - Inca
PY - 2017
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-436015
DO - https://doi.org/10.4000/bifea.8232
SN - 0303-7495
VL - 46
IS - 1
SP - 221
EP - 251
PB - Institut Français d'Études Andines
AN - OPUS4-43601
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Rauwolf, M.
A1 - Turyanskaya, A.
A1 - Roschger, A.
A1 - Prost, J.
A1 - Simon, R.
A1 - Scharf, O.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Schoonjans, Tom
A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Klaushofer, K.
A1 - Wobrauschek, P.
A1 - Hofstaetter, J. G.
A1 - Roschger, P.
A1 - Streli, C.
T1 - Synchrotron radiation micro X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy of thin structures in bone samples: comparison of confocal and color X-ray camera setups
N2 - In the quest for finding the ideal synchrotron-radiation-induced imaging method for the investigation of trace element distributions in human bone samples, experiments were performed using both a scanning confocal synchrotron radiation micro X-ray fluorescence (SR-mXRF) (FLUO beamline at ANKA) setup and a full-field color X-ray camera (BAMline at BESSY-II) setup. As zinc is a trace element of special interest in bone, the setups were optimized for its detection. The setups were compared with respect to count rate, required measurement time and spatial resolution. It was demonstrated that the ideal method depends on the element of interest. Although for Ca (a major constituent of the bone with a low energy of 3.69 keV for its K alpha XRF line) the color X-ray camera provided a higher resolution in the plane, for Zn (a trace element in bone) only the confocal SR-µXRF setup was able to sufficiently image the distribution.
KW - Synchrotron
KW - BAMline
KW - BESSY
KW - XRF
KW - X-ray Color Camera
PY - 2017
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-391944
DO - https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577516017057
SN - 1600-5775
VL - 24
SP - 307
EP - 311
PB - International Union of Crystallography
AN - OPUS4-39194
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - de O. Primo, J.
A1 - Horsth, D.F.
A1 - de S. Correa, J.
A1 - Das, A.
A1 - Bittencourt, C.
A1 - Umek, P.
A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Yusenko, Kirill
A1 - Zanetta, C.
A1 - Anaissi, F.J.
T1 - Synthesis and Characterization of Ag/ZnO Nanoparticles for Bacteria Disinfection in Water
N2 - n this study, two green synthesis routes were used for the synthesis of Ag/ZnO nanoparticles, using cassava starch as a simple and low-cost effective fuel and Aloe vera as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The Ag/ZnO nanoparticles were characterized and used for bacterial dis-
infection of lake water contaminated with Escherichia coli (E. coli). Characterization indicated the formation of a face-centered cubic structure of metallic silver nanoparticles with no insertion of Ag into the ZnO hexagonal wurtzite structure. Physicochemical and bacteriological analyses described in “Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater” were used to evaluate the efficiency of the treatment. In comparison to pure ZnO, the synthesized Ag/ZnO nanoparticles showed high efficiencies against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and general coliforms present in the lake
water. These pathogens were absent after treatment using Ag/ZnO nanoparticles. The results indicate that Ag/ZnO nanoparticles synthesized via green chemistry are a promising candidate for the treatment of wastewaters contaminated by bacteria, due to their facile preparation, low-cost synthesis,and disinfection efficiency.
KW - Synchrotron
KW - BAMline
PY - 2022
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-562440
DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12101764
SN - 2079-4991
VL - 12
IS - 10
SP - 1
EP - 18
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
AN - OPUS4-56244
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Margreiter, R.
A1 - Baumann, J.
A1 - Mantouvalou, I.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Strub, E.
T1 - Investigations on fire-gilding
N2 - Fire-gilding is a historic technique for the application of golden layers on a number of different base materials utilizing a gold amalgam. This technique leaves a significant amount of Hg in the golden layer, giving archeometrists a reliable indicator to identify firegildings.
Recent findings on presumably fire-gilded objects have shown in several cases significantly lower Hg content than previously studied objects. This prompted a synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence investigation into the Hg distribution along the material–gilding interface, as well as a series of measurements regarding the Hg content development in fire-gilded samples during artificial aging. This work presents findings on laboratory-prepared fire-gildings, indicating an Hg enrichment at the interface of firegilded silver samples. Notably, such an enrichment is missing in fire-gilded copper samples. Further, it is confirmed that fire-gilded layers typically do not undercut an Hg bulk content of 5%. In this light, it seems improbable that ancient samples that contain <5% Hg are fire-gilded. The results presented in this study might lead to a non-destructive method to identify the Hg enrichment at the interface. This might be obtained by a combination of different non-destructive measurements and might also work unambiguously in samples in which the gold top layer is altered.
KW - BAMline
KW - X-Ray Fluorescence
KW - Gilding
KW - Depth profile
KW - Archaeometry
PY - 2022
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-552885
DO - https://doi.org/10.1111/arcm.12797
SN - 0003-813X
SP - 1
EP - 14
PB - Wiley online library
AN - OPUS4-55288
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Iro, M.
A1 - Ingerle, D.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Kregsamer, P.
A1 - Streli, C.
T1 - Investigation of polycapillary half lenses for quantitative confocal micro-X-ray fluorescence analysis
N2 - The use of polycapillary optics in confocal micro-X-ray fluorescence analysis (CMXRF) enables the destruction-free 3D investigation of the elemental composition of samples. The energy-dependent transmission properties, concerning intensity and spatial beam propagation of three polycapillary half lenses, which are vital for the quantitative interpretation of such CMXRF measurements, are investigated in a monochromatic confocal laboratory setup at the Atominstitut of TU Wien, and a synchrotron setup on the BAMline beamline at the BESSY II Synchrotron, Helmholtz-Zentrum-Berlin. The empirically established results, concerning the intensity of the transmitted beam, are compared with theoretical values calculated with the polycap software package and a newly presented analytical model for the transmission function.
The resulting form of the newly modelled energy-dependent transmission function is shown to be in good agreement with Monte Carlo simulated results for the complete energy regime, as well as the empirically established results for the energy regime between 6 keV and 20 keV. An analysis of possible fabrication errors was conducted via pinhole scans showing only minor fabrication errors in two of the investigated polycapillary optics. The energy-dependent focal spot size of the primary polycapillary was investigated in the laboratory via the channel-wise evaluation of knife-edge scans. Experimental results are compared with data given by the manufacturer as well as geometric estimations for the minimal focal spot size. Again, the resulting measurement points show a trend in agreement with geometrically estimated results and manufacturer data.
KW - BAMline
KW - Synchrotron
KW - Capillary
KW - confocal
PY - 2022
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-562430
DO - https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577522009699
SN - 1600-5775
VL - 29
SP - 1376
EP - 1384
PB - International Union of Crystallography
CY - Chester
AN - OPUS4-56243
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Dobosy, Péter
A1 - Nguyen, Hoang Thi Phuong
A1 - Záray, Gyula
A1 - Streli, Christina
A1 - Ingerle, Dieter
A1 - Ziegler, Philipp
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Endrédi, Anett
A1 - Fodor, Ferenc
T1 - Effect of iodine species on biofortification of iodine in cabbage plants cultivated in hydroponic cultures
N2 - Iodine is an essential trace element in the human diet because it is involved in the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Iodine deficiency affects over 2.2 billion people worldwide, making it a significant challenge to find plant-based sources of iodine that meet the recommended daily intake of this trace element. In this study, cabbage plants were cultivated in a hydroponic system containing iodine at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1.0 mg/L in the form of potassium iodide or potassium iodate. During the experiments, plant physiological parameters, biomass production, and concentration changes of iodine and selected microelements in different plant parts were investigated. In addition, the oxidation state of the accumulated iodine in root samples was determined. Results showed that iodine addition had no effect on photosynthetic efficiency and chlorophyll content. Iodide treatment did not considerably stimulate biomass production but iodate treatment increased it at concentrations less than 0.5 mg/L. Increasing iodine concentrations in the nutrient solutions increased iodine content in all plant parts; however, the iodide treatment was 2–7 times more efficient than the iodate treatment. It was concluded, that iodide addition was more favourable on the target element accumulation, however, it should be highlighted that application of this chemical form in nutrient solution decreased the concetrations of selected micoelement concentration comparing with the control plants. It was established that iodate was reduced to iodide during its uptake in cabbage roots, which means that independently from the oxidation number of iodine (+ 5, − 1) applied in the nutrient solutions, the reduced form of target element was transported to the aerial and edible tissues.
KW - BAMline
KW - XANES
KW - Synchrotron
KW - Lodine
PY - 2024
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-608330
DO - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-66575-z
VL - 14
IS - 1
SP - 1
EP - 12
PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC
AN - OPUS4-60833
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Huang, Junhao
A1 - Klahn, Marcus
A1 - Tian, Xinxin
A1 - Bartling, Stephan
A1 - Zimina, Anna
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Rockstroh, Nils
A1 - Naliwajko, Pawel
A1 - Steinfeldt, Norbert
A1 - Peppel, Tim
A1 - Grunwaldt, Jan‐Dierk
A1 - Logsdail, Andrew J.
A1 - Jiao, Haijun
A1 - Strunk, Jennifer
T1 - Fundamental Structural and Electronic Understanding of Palladium Catalysts on Nitride and Oxide Supports
N2 - The nature of the support can fundamentally affect the function of a heterogeneous catalyst. For the novel type of isolated metal atom catalysts, sometimes referred to as single‐atom catalysts, systematic correlations are still rare. Here, we report a general finding that Pd on nitride supports (non‐metal and metal nitride) features a higher oxidation state compared to that on oxide supports (non‐metal and metal oxide). Through thorough oxidation state investigations by X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), CO‐DRIFTS, and density functional theory (DFT) coupled with Bader charge analysis, it is found that Pd atoms prefer to interact with surface hydroxyl group to form a Pd(OH)x species on oxide supports, while on nitride supports, Pd atoms incorporate into the surface structure in the form of Pd−N bonds. Moreover, a correlation was built between the formal oxidation state and computational Bader charge, based on the periodic trend in electronegativity.
KW - BAmline
KW - XANES
KW - Catalyst
PY - 2024
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-608341
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202400174
SN - 1433-7851
VL - 63
IS - 20
SP - 1
EP - 9
PB - Wiley
AN - OPUS4-60834
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Förste, F.
A1 - Bauer, L.
A1 - Streeck, C.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Kadow, D.
A1 - Keil, C.
A1 - Mantouvalou, I.
T1 - Quantitative Analysis and 2D/3D Elemental Imaging of Cocoa Beans Using X‑ray Fluorescence Techniques
N2 - As an important raw material for the confectionery industry, the cocoa bean (Theobroma cacao L.) has to meet certain legal requirements in terms of food safety and maximum contaminant levels in order to enter the cocoa market. Understanding the enrichment and distribution of essential minerals but also toxic metals is of utmost importance for improving the nutritional quality of this economically important raw food material. We present three X-ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques for elemental bio-imaging of intact cocoa beans and one additional XRF technique for quantitative analysis of cocoa pellets. The interrelation of all the methods presented gives a detailed picture of the content and 3D-resolved distribution of elements in complete cocoa beans for the first time.
KW - BAMline
KW - Synchrotron
KW - XRF
KW - CXC
KW - Cocoa
PY - 2023
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05370
VL - 95
SP - 5627
EP - 5635
PB - ACS Publications
AN - OPUS4-57832
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Ferrero, Fabio
A1 - Kluge, Martin
A1 - Holtappels, Kai
T1 - COMSOL Multiphysics® as a Tool to Increase Safety in the Handling of Acetylene Cylinders Involved in Fires
N2 - In this paper a mathematical model for predicting the heating-up of an acetylene cylinder involved in a fire is presented. In the simulations polynomial functions were used to describe the temperature dependency of the thermal properties of the cylinder interior, which is a complex system composed by a solid porous material, a solvent and acetylene dissolved in it. Model equations covered heat conduction in the cylinder interior and at its walls, while the fire surrounding the cylinder was simulated by solving the coupled heat transfer and the momentum equation. Results of the calculations and the effects of some model parameters are discussed.
T2 - COMSOL Conference 2009
CY - Milan, Italy
DA - 2009-10-14
KW - Acetylene
KW - Safety
KW - Heat transfer
KW - Momentum transfer
PY - 2009
SN - 978-0-9825697-0-2
N1 - Geburtsname von Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. - Birth name of Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M.
SP - 1
EP - 5
AN - OPUS4-20261
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Schmidt, Martin
A1 - Scheid, Marc
A1 - Seifert, Alexander
A1 - Böhme, Thilo
A1 - Wehrstedt, Klaus-Dieter
A1 - Bulin, Michael
T1 - Bandbreiten sicherheitstechnischer Kenngrößen brennbarer Stäube im Gemeinsamen Stoffdatenpool Bund / Länder (GSBL)
N2 - Die Beurteilung des Gefahrenpotentials brennbarer Stäube erfolgt üblicherweise mit Hilfe so genannter sicherheitstechnischer Kenngrößen (STK). Häufig werden hierfür in Datenbanken bereitgestellte Werte in der Vergangenheit untersuchter Stäube herangezogen. Insbesondere aufgrund stofflicher Unterschiede der untersuchten Stäube sind erhebliche Streuungen der ermittelten STK in Datenbanken enthaltener namentlich identischer Stäube festzustellen. Die Verwendung der Daten von Einzelstäuben kann daher zu unsicheren Einschätzungen hinsichtlich des Brand- und Explosionsschutzes führen.
Vorgestellt wird ein Konzept, Stäube zu praxisrelevanten Gruppen zusammenzufassen und bewertete Bandbreiten sicherheitstechnischer Kenngrößen anzugeben. Die im Rahmen eines vom Sächsischen Landesamt für Umwelt, Landwirtschaft und Geologie, Dresden geförderten Vorhabens generierten Staubgruppen und zugehörigen Bandbreiten der STK stehen in der Datenbank GSBLpublic für die freie Nutzung zur Verfügung.
T2 - 11. Fachtagung Anlagen-, Arbeits- und Umweltsicherheit
CY - Köthen, Germany
DA - 07.11.2013
KW - Sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen
KW - Stäube
KW - Staubexplosionen
KW - Datenbank
PY - 2013
SN - 978-3-86011-058-4
IS - P-03
SP - 1
EP - 11
AN - OPUS4-29532
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Grengg, C.
A1 - Gluth, Gregor
A1 - Mittermayr, F.
A1 - Ukrainczyk, N.
A1 - Bertmer, M.
A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Leis, A.
A1 - Dietzel, M.
T1 - Deterioration mechanism of alkali-activated materials in sulfuric acid and the influence of Cu: A micro-to-nano structural, elemental and stable isotopic multi-proxy study
N2 - In this study, a multi-proxy approach combining 29Si, 27Al and 1H MAS-NMR, FEG-EPMA, XANES at the Cu K-edge and XRD analytics with hydrochemical tools such as ICP-OES analyses, oxygen-isotope signatures, and thermodynamic modelling was applied to K-silicate-activated metakaolin specimens - with and without CuSO4·5H2O addition - exposed to sulfuric acid at pH = 2 for 35 days. The results revealed a multistage deterioration mechanism governed by (i) acid diffusion, (ii) leaching of K-A-S-H, (iii) microstructural damage related to precipitation of expansive (K,Ca,Al)-sulfate-hydrate phases (iv) complete dissolution of the K-A-S-H framework, (v) and formation of silica gel in the outermost corroded regions. Copper ions were mainly located in layered spertiniite-chrysocolla-like phases in the as-cured materials. The results demonstrate an overall negative effect of Cu addition on chemical material durability, implying that the reported higher durability of Cu-doped AAM in biocorrosion environments can be best explained by bacteriostatic effects.
KW - Alkali-activated materials
KW - Acid resistance
KW - Microbially induced corrosion
KW - MIC
PY - 2021
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-520567
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2021.106373
SN - 0008-8846
VL - 142
SP - 1
EP - 15
PB - Elsevier
CY - Oxford
AN - OPUS4-52056
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Gomes, Bruna F.
A1 - Prokop, Martin
A1 - Bystron, Tomas
A1 - Loukrakpam, Rameshwori
A1 - Melke, Julia
A1 - Lobo, Carlos M. S.
A1 - Fink, Michael
A1 - Zhu, Mengshu
A1 - Voloshina, Elena
A1 - Kutter, Maximilian
A1 - Hoffmann, Hendrik
A1 - Yusenko, Kirill V.
A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Röder, Bettina
A1 - Bouzek, Karel
A1 - Paulus, Beate
A1 - Roth, Christina
T1 - Following Adsorbed Intermediates on a Platinum Gas Diffusion Electrode in H3PO3-Containing Electrolytes Using In Situ X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy
N2 - One of the challenges of high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells is the poisoning of the Pt catalystwith H3PO4. H3PO4 is imbibed into the routinely used polybenzimidazole-based membranes, which facilitate Proton conductivity in the temperature range of 120−200 °C. However, when leached out of the membrane by water produced during operation, H3PO4 adsorbs on the Pt catalyst surface, blocking the active sites and hindering the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR).
The reduction of H3PO4 to H3PO3, which occurs at the anode due to a combination of a low potential and the presence of gaseous H2, has been investigated as an additional important contributing factor to the observed poisoning effect. H3PO3 has an affinity toward adsorption on Pt surfaces even greater than that of H2PO4 −. In this work, we investigated the poisoning effect of both H3PO3 and H3PO4 using a half-cell setup with a gas diffusion electrode under ambient conditions. By means of in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy, it was possible to follow the signature of different species adsorbed on the Pt nanoparticle catalyst (H, O, H2PO4 −, and H3PO3) at different potentials under ORR conditions in various electrolytes (HClO4, H3PO4, and H3PO3). It was found that H3PO3 adsorbs in a pyramidal configuration P(OH)3 through a Pt−P bond. The competition between H3PO4 and H3PO3 adsorption was studied, which should allow for a better understanding of the catalyst poisoning mechanism and thus assist in the development of strategies to mitigate this phenomenon in the future by minimizing H3PO3 generation by, for example, improved catalyst design or adapted operation conditions or changes in the electrolyte composition.
KW - H3PO4 life cycle
KW - XAS
KW - In situ coupling
KW - High-temperature fuel cells
KW - H3PO3,
KW - Δμ XANES
PY - 2022
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.2c02630
SN - 2155-5435
VL - 12
IS - 18
SP - 11472
EP - 11484
PB - American Chemical Society (ACS)
AN - OPUS4-64733
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - INPR
A1 - Nowak, S. H.
A1 - Petric, M.
A1 - Buchriegler, J.
A1 - Bjeoumikhov, A.
A1 - Bjeoumikhova, Z.
A1 - von Borany, J.
A1 - Munnik, F.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Renno, A. D.
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Scharf, O.
A1 - Tilgner, J.
A1 - Wedell, R.
T1 - Road to micron resolution with a color X-ray camera - Polycapillary optics characterization
N2 - In a color X-ray camera spatial resolution is achieved by means of a polycapillary optic conducting X-ray photons from small regions on a sample to distinct energy dispersive pixels on a CCD matrix. At present, the resolution limit of color X-ray camera systems can go down to several microns and is mainly restricted by Pixel dimensions. The recent development of an efficient subpixel resolution algorithm allows a release from pixel size, limiting the resolution only to the quality of theoptics. In this work polycapillary properties that influence the spatial resolution are systematized and assessed both theoretically and experimentally. It is demonstrated that with the current technological Level reaching one micron resolution is challenging, but possible.
KW - Color X-ray camera
KW - Polycapillary optics
PY - 2017
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-404404
DO - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1705.08939
SN - 2331-8422
SP - 1
EP - 11
PB - Cornell University
CY - Ithaca, NY
AN - OPUS4-40440
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kulow, Anicó
A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Streli, C.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - On the way to full-field X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy imaging with coded apertures
N2 - Imaging with X-rays is a challenging field, due to the optical properties of X-rays. The fabrication of appropriate optics is usually expensive and requires an elaborate manufacturing process. One simpler and less expensive possibility of imaging high energy radiation is coded aperture imaging, a technique well established in astrophysics and also used in nuclear medicine or radiation detection, e.g., for nuclear decommissioning. Our aim is to adapt coded aperture imaging for X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy in the nearfield. In this work we show theoretical considerations and preliminary simulations of Image formation through a coded aperture and three different reconstruction methods to prepare the experiments. We used a new mask based on an inverted modified uniformly redundant array (MURA) that could be used for the construction of a decoding mask for all investigated geometrical arrangements.
The most commonly used reconstruction method, convoluting the detected image with a Decoding mask, does not always deliver satisfactory results. This is more noticeable for small distances between the object, mask and detector. Hence, we developed two new reconstruction methods, one based on iterative algebraic optimization and another one based on a genetic algorithm. Both show good performance even in those cases where the convolution method fails. This provides a basis for further investigations of the ideal parameters for near field coded aperture imaging and refinements of the algorithms. We performed first measurements with a coded aperture at the BAMline at BESSY II and could successfully reconstruct a test object from the obtained recorded images.
KW - X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy
KW - Coded aperture
KW - Imaging
KW - Iterative reconstruction
PY - 2020
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ja00232d
VL - 35
IS - 2
SP - 347
EP - 356
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry
CY - Cambridge
AN - OPUS4-50459
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Buzanich, Günter
A1 - Curado, Jessica
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich
A1 - Scharf, O.
T1 - Slicing - a new method for non destructive 3D elemental sensitive characterization of materials
N2 - Recent advances in synchrotron sources and detector technology have led to substantial improvements in spatial resolution and detection limits for X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF). However, the non-destructive three-dimensional elemental sensitive characterization of samples remains a challenge. We demonstrate the use of the so-called 'Color X-ray Camera' (CXC) for 3D measurements for the first time. The excitation of the sample is realized with a thin sheet-beam. The stepwise movement of the sample allows getting the elemental distribution for each layer with one measurement. These layers can be combined to a full 3D dataset for each element afterwards. Since the information is collected layer by layer, there is no need to apply reconstruction techniques, which quite often are the reason for artifacts in the results achieved by computed tomography (CT). The field of applications is wide, as the 3D elemental distribution of a material contains clues to processes inside the samples from a variety of origins. The technique is of special interest and well suited for biological specimens, because their light matrix minimizes restricting absorption effects. Measurement examples of a hornet and the teeth of a Sorex araneus are shown.
KW - SR-microXRF
KW - 3D
KW - CXC
PY - 2014
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-324330
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ja00085d
SN - 0267-9477
SN - 1364-5544
VL - 29
IS - 8
SP - 1339
EP - 1344
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry
CY - London
AN - OPUS4-32433
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Kulow, Anicó
A1 - Kabelitz, Anke
A1 - Grunewald, C.
A1 - Seidel, R.
A1 - Chapartegui-Arias, Ander
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Emmerling, Franziska
A1 - Beyer, S.
T1 - Observation of early ZIF-8 crystallization stages with X-ray absorption spectroscopy
N2 - The present study investigates early stages of ZIF-8 crystallization up to 5 minutes post mixing of precursor solutions. Dispersive X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (DXAS) provides a refined understanding of the evolution of the coordination environment during ZIF-8 crystallization. Linear Combination Fiting (LCF) suggests tetrakis(1-methylimidazole)zinc2+ to be a suitable and stable mononuclear structure analogue for some early stage ZIF-8 intermediates. Our results pave the way for more detailed studies on physico-chemical aspects of ZIF-8 crystallization to better control tailoring ZIF-8 materials for specific applications.
KW - In-situ
KW - XANES
KW - ZIF-8
KW - Crystallization
PY - 2020
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/D0SM01356K
SN - 1744-6848
VL - 17
IS - 2
SP - 331
EP - 334
PB - Royal Scociety of Chemistry
AN - OPUS4-51723
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Fittschen, U. E. A.
T1 - Shading Effects in SR-TXRF: Calculations and Experimental Visualization using a Color X-ray Camera
T2 - Denver X-ray Conference
CY - BIG SKY RESORT, BIG SKY, MONTANA, USA
DA - 2014-07-28
PY - 2014
AN - OPUS4-32371
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lutz, C.
A1 - Breuckmann, M.
A1 - Hampel, S.
A1 - Kreyenschmidt, M.
A1 - Ke, X.
A1 - Beuermann, S.
A1 - Schafner, K.
A1 - Turek, T.
A1 - Kunz, U.
A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Fittschen, U. E. A.
T1 - Characterization of Dimeric Vanadium Uptake and Species in Nafion™ and Novel Membranes from Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries Electrolytes
N2 - A core component of energy storage systems like vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB) is the polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM). In this work, the frequently used perfluorosulfonic-acid (PFSA) membrane Nafion™ 117 and a novel poly (vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF)-based Membrane are investigated. A well-known problem in VRFBs is the vanadium permeation through the membrane. The consequence of this so-called vanadium crossover is a severe loss of capacity. For a
better understanding of vanadium transport in membranes, the uptake of vanadium ions from electrolytes containing Vdimer(IV–V) and for comparison also V(II), V(III), V(IV), and V(V) by both membranes was studied. UV/VIS spectroscopy, X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (TXRF), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and micro X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (microXRF) were used to determine the vanadium concentrations and the species inside the membrane. The results strongly support that Vdimer(IV–V), a dimer formed from V(IV) and V(V), enters the nanoscopic water-body of Nafion™ 117 as such. This is interesting, because as of now, only the individual ions V(IV) and V(V) were considered to be transported through the membrane. Additionally, it was found that the Vdimer(IV–V) dimer partly dissociates to the individual ions in the novel PVDF-based membrane.
The Vdimer(IV–V) dimer concentration in Nafion™ was determined and compared to those of the other species. After three days of equilibration time, the concentration of the dimer is the lowest compared to the monomeric vanadium species. The concentration of vanadium in terms of the relative uptake λ = n(V)/n(SO3
) are as follows: V(II) [λ = 0.155] > V(III) [λ = 0.137] > V(IV) [λ = 0.124] > V(V) [λ = 0.053] > Vdimer(IV–V) [λ = 0.039]. The results show that the Vdimer(IV–V) dimer Needs to be considered in addition to the other monomeric species to properly describe the transport of vanadium through Nafion™ in VRFBs.
KW - MicroXRF
KW - VRFB
KW - PVDF-based membrane
KW - UV/VIS
KW - XANES
KW - TXRF
KW - ICP-OES
PY - 2021
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-530676
DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11080576
VL - 11
IS - 8
SP - 576
PB - MDPI
AN - OPUS4-53067
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Guerra, M.F.
A1 - Martinón-Torres, M.
A1 - Lemasson, Q.
A1 - Moignard, B.
A1 - Pacheco, C.
A1 - Pichon, L.
A1 - Macdonald, L.
A1 - Hess, M.
A1 - Tissot, I.
ED - Guerra, M. F.
ED - Martinón-Torres, M.
ED - Quirke, S.
T1 - Analytical approaches to Egyptian goldwork
N2 - The structure and composition of ancient gold objects retain information about their long history of manufacture, from the exploitation of the ore to the finishing touches, as well as evidence of their use, deposition, and degradation. By developing an efficient analytical strategy, it is possible to retrieve that information. This chapter sets the necessary foundation 131to explore fully the analytical results presented in the following chapters of this volume. The techniques employed in the analyses of the Egyptian jewellery are described and the analytical parameters provided. For more established techniques, only brief introductions are presented, while more recent developments are presented in greater detail.
KW - Gold
KW - Synchrotron
KW - D2XRF
KW - Egypt
PY - 2023
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-586039
DO - https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.99681
SP - 131
EP - 191
AN - OPUS4-58603
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - C. Pardo Pérez, L.
A1 - Arndt, A.
A1 - Stojkovikj, S.
A1 - Y. Ahmet, I.
A1 - T. Arens,, J.
A1 - Dattila, F.
A1 - Wendt, R.
A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Davies, V.
A1 - Höflich, K.
A1 - Köhnen, E.
A1 - Tockhorn, P.
A1 - Golnak, R.
A1 - Xiao, J.
A1 - Schuck, G.
A1 - Wollgarten, M.
A1 - López, N.
A1 - T. Mayer, M.
T1 - Determining Structure-Activity Relationships in Oxide Derived CuSn Catalysts During CO2 Electroreduction Using X-Ray Spectroscopy
N2 - The development of earth-abundant catalysts for selective electrochemical CO2 conversion is a central challenge. Cu-Sn bimetallic catalysts can yield selective CO2 reduction toward either CO or formate. This study presents oxide-derived Cu-Sn catalysts tunable for either product and seeks to understand the synergetic effects between Cu and Sn causing these selectivity trends. The materials undergo significant transformations under CO2 reduction conditions, and their dynamic bulk and surface structures are revealed by correlating observations from multiple methods—X-ray absorption spectroscopy for in situ study, and quasi in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for surface sensitivity. For both types of catalysts, Cu transforms to metallic Cu0 under reaction conditions. However, the Sn speciation and content differ significantly between the catalyst types: the CO-selective catalysts exhibit a surface Sn content of 13 at. % predominantly present as oxidized Sn, while the formate-selective catalysts display an Sn content of ≈70 at. % consisting of both metallic Sn0 and Sn oxide species. Density functional theory simulations suggest that Snδ+ sites weaken CO adsorption, thereby enhancing CO selectivity, while Sn0 sites hinder H adsorption and promote formate production. This study reveals the complex dependence of catalyst structure, composition, and speciation with electrochemical bias in bimetallic Cu catalysts.
KW - Electrochemical CO2 conversion
KW - Cu catalysts
KW - X-ray absorption spectroscopy
PY - 2022
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-547116
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202103328
SN - 1614-6832
VL - 12
IS - 5
SP - 2103328
PB - Wiley-VCH GmbH
AN - OPUS4-54711
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Rakotondrajoa, A.
T1 - Machine learning based quantification of synchrotron radiation-induced X-ray fluorescence measurements - a case study
N2 - In this work, we describe the use of artificial neural networks for the quantification of X-ray fluorescence measurements. The training data were generated using Monte Carlo simulation, which avoided the use of adapted reference materials. The extension of the available data set by means of an ANN to generate additional data was demonstrated. Particular emphasis was put on the comparability of simulated and experimental data and how the influence of deviations can be reduced. The search for the optimal hyperparameter, manual and automatic, is also described. For the presented case, we were able to train a network with a mean absolute error of 0.1 weight percent for the synthetic data and 0.7 weight percent for a set of experimental data obtained with certified reference materials.
KW - Machine learning
KW - BAMline
KW - XRF
KW - Synchrotron
KW - Neural network
PY - 2020
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-519008
DO - https://doi.org/10.1088/2632-2153/abc9fb
SP - 1
EP - 16
PB - IOP Publishing
AN - OPUS4-51900
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Fortes Martin, R.
A1 - Thünemann, Andreas
A1 - Stockmann, Jörg Manfred
A1 - Radnik, Jörg
A1 - Koetz, J.
T1 - From Nanoparticle Heteroclusters to Filament Networks by Self-Assembly at the Water–Oil Interface of Reverse Microemulsions
N2 - Surface self-assembly of spherical nanoparticles of sizes below 10 nm into hierarchical heterostructures is under arising development despite the inherent difficulties of obtaining complex ordering patterns on a larger scale. Due to template-mediated interactions between oil-dispersible superparamagnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and polyethylenimine-stabilized gold nanoparticles (Au(PEI)NPs) at the water–oil interface of microemulsions, complex nanostructured films can be formed. Characterization of the reverse microemulsion phase by UV–vis absorption revealed the formation of heteroclusters from Winsor type II phases (WPII) using Aerosol-OT (AOT) as the surfactant. SAXS measurements verify the mechanism of initial nanoparticle clustering in defined dimensions. XPS suggested an influence of AOT at the MNP surface. Further, cryo-SEM and TEM visualization demonstrated the elongation of the reverse microemulsions into cylindrical, wormlike structures, which subsequently build up larger nanoparticle superstructure arrangements. Such WPII phases are thus proven to be a new form of soft template, mediating the self-assembly of different nanoparticles in hierarchical network-like filaments over a substrate during solvent evaporation.
KW - Small-angle X-ray scattering
KW - SAXS
KW - Nanoparticle
KW - Nano structure
PY - 2021
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01348
VL - 37
IS - 29
SP - 8876
EP - 8885
PB - American Chemical Society
AN - OPUS4-53034
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ha, Q. L. M.
A1 - Armbruster, U.
A1 - Atia, Hanan
A1 - Lund, H.
A1 - Agostini, G.
A1 - Radnik, Jörg
A1 - Vuong, H. T.
A1 - Martin, A.
T1 - Development of active and stable low nickel content catalysts for dry reforming of methane
N2 - Methane dry reforming (DRM) was investigated over highly active Ni catalysts with low metal content (2.5wt%) supported on Mg-Al mixed oxide. The aim was to minimize carbon Deposition and metal sites agglomeration on the working catalyst which are known to cause catalyst deactivation.
The solids were characterized using N2 adsorption, X-ray diffraction, temperature-programmed reduction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The results showed that MgO-Al2O3 solid solution phases are obtained when calcining Mg-Al hydrotalcite precursor in the temperature range of 550–800 °C. Such phases contribute to the high activity of catalysts with low Ni content even at low temperature (500 °C). Modifying the catalyst preparation with citric acid significantly slows the coking rate and reduces the size of large octahedrally coordinated NiO-like domains, which may easily agglomerate on the surface during DRM. The most effective Ni catalyst shows a stable DRM course over 60 h at high weight hourly space velocity with very low coke deposition. This is a promising result for considering such catalyst systems for further development of an industrial DRM technology.
KW - Dry reforming of methane
KW - Carbon dioxide
KW - Ni
PY - 2017
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-402904
DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/catal7050157
SN - 2073-4344
VL - 7
IS - 5
SP - 157, 1
EP - 157, 17
PB - MDPI
AN - OPUS4-40290
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Seeburg, Dominik
A1 - Liu, Dongjing
A1 - Radnik, Jörg
A1 - Atia, Hanan
A1 - Pohl, Marga-Martina
A1 - Schneider, Matthias
A1 - Martin, Andreas
A1 - Wohlrab, Sebastian
T1 - Structural changes of highly active Pd/MeOx (Me = Fe, Co, Ni) during catalytic methane combustion
N2 - Fe2O3, Co3O4 and NiO nanoparticles were prepared via a citrate method and further functionalized with Pd by impregnation. The pure oxides as well as Pd/Fe2O3, Pd/Co3O4, and Pd/NiO (1, 5 and 10 wt % Pd) were employed for catalytic methane combustion under methane lean (1 vol %)/oxygen rich (18 vol %, balanced with nitrogen) conditions. Already, the pure metal oxides showed a high catalytic activity leading to complete conversion temperature of T100 ≤ 500 °C. H2-TPR (Temperature-programmed reduction) experiments revealed that Pd-functionalized metal oxides exhibited enhanced redox activity compared to the pure oxides leading to improved catalytic combustion activity at lower temperatures. At a loading of 1 wt % Pd, 1Pd/Co3O4 (T100 = 360 °C) outperforms 1Pd/Fe2O3 (T100 = 410 °C) as well as 1Pd/NiO (T100 = 380 °C). At a loading of 10 wt % Pd, T100 could only be slightly reduced in all cases. 1Pd/Co3O4 and 1Pd/NiO show reasonable stability over 70 h on stream at T100. XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) and STEM (Scanning transmission electron microscopy) investigations revealed strong interactions between Pd and NiO as well as Co3O4, respectively, leading to dynamic transformations and reoxidation of Pd due to solid state reactions, which leads to the high long-term stability.
KW - Methane total oxidation
KW - Methane removal
KW - Carbon dioxide
KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
PY - 2018
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-439412
DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/catal8020042
SN - 2073-4344
VL - 8
IS - 2
SP - Article 42, 1
EP - 13
PB - MDPI
AN - OPUS4-43941
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - INPR
A1 - Tannenberg, Robert
A1 - Tscheuschner, Georg
A1 - Raab, Christopher
A1 - Flemig, Sabine
A1 - Döring, Sarah
A1 - Ponader, Marco
A1 - Thurmann, Melinda
A1 - Paul, Martin
A1 - Weller, Michael G.
T1 - Simplified Sample Preparation and Lateral Flow Immunoassay for the Detection of Plant Viruses
N2 - Lateral flow immunoassays (LFA) are widely used for decentralized testing, but their application for in-field plant virus diagnostics is often limited by tedious sample preparation. Here, we present a simplified dipstick LFA for the detection and monitoring of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) as a model plant pathogen. The assay employes a monoclonal mouse antibody for capture and a polyclonal rabbit antibody conjugated to 80-nm gold nanoparticles for detection. Conventional sample and conjugate pads are omitted, allowing the test strips to be dipped directly into wells containing plant extract and antibody-gold conjugate. In addition, no plastic casing was necessary, which significantly reduces waste. It was shown that CCMV concentrations as low as 4 μg/L or 400 pg per sample could be reliably detected in 15 minutes. Specificity tests confirmed that other plant viruses, cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), did not produce false positive results. Furthermore, we describe a field-compatible sampling procedure using a manual punch and a disposable syringe. This step combines sample grinding, extraction, and conjugate reconstitution within the syringe frit, enabling the analysis of punched leaf discs without laboratory equipment. When applied to CCMV-infected cowpea plants, the assay revealed systemic infection before visual symptoms became apparent. This work demonstrates that simplified LFAs combined with innovative sampling techniques can provide sensitive, specific, and rapid diagnostics for crop monitoring and support early intervention strategies in agriculture.
N2 - Lateral Flow Immunoassays (LFA) werden häufig für dezentrale Tests verwendet, aber ihre Anwendung für die Diagnose von Pflanzenviren im Feld wird oft durch die mühsame Probenvorbereitung eingeschränkt. Hier stellen wir einen vereinfachten Dipstick-LFA zum Nachweis und zur Überwachung des Cowpea Chlorotic Mottle Virus (CCMV) als Modellpflanzenpathogen vor. Der Assay verwendet einen monoklonalen Maus-Antikörper zum Einfangen des Virus und einen polyklonalen Kaninchen-Antikörper, der an 80-nm-Goldnanopartikel konjugiert ist, zum Nachweis. Herkömmliche Proben- und Konjugatpads entfallen, sodass die Teststreifen direkt in Vertiefungen getaucht werden können, die Pflanzenextrakt und Antikörper-Gold-Konjugat enthalten. Darüber hinaus war keine Kunststoffhülle erforderlich, was den Abfall erheblich reduziert. Es zeigte sich, dass CCMV-Konzentrationen von nur 4 μg/L oder 400 pg pro Probe innerhalb von 15 Minuten zuverlässig nachgewiesen werden konnten. Spezifitätstests bestätigten, dass andere Pflanzenviren, das Cowpea Mosaic Virus (CPMV) und das Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV), keine falsch positiven Ergebnisse lieferten. Darüber hinaus beschreiben wir ein feldtaugliches Probenahmeverfahren unter Verwendung eines manuellen Stanzers und einer Einwegspritze. Dieser Schritt kombiniert das Zerkleinern der Probe, die Extraktion und die Rekonstitution des Konjugats innerhalb der Spritzenfritte und ermöglicht so die Analyse von ausgestanzten Blattscheiben ohne Laborausrüstung. Bei der Anwendung auf CCMV-infizierte Augenbohnenpflanzen zeigte der Test eine systemische Infektion, bevor visuelle Symptome sichtbar wurden. Diese Arbeit zeigt, dass vereinfachte LFAs in Kombination mit innovativen Probenahmetechniken eine sensitive, spezifische und schnelle Diagnostik für die Überwachung von Nutzpflanzen ermöglichen und frühzeitige Interventionsstrategien in der Landwirtschaft unterstützen können.
KW - Vigna unguiculata
KW - Cowpea
KW - Sample preparation
KW - Plant pathogen
KW - Mobile detection
KW - Crop monitoring
KW - Plastic waste
KW - Lateral flow immunoassay
KW - Plant virus
KW - Sample pad
KW - Conjugate pad
PY - 2025
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-651731
DO - https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202512.1492.v1
SP - 1
EP - 14
PB - MDPI
CY - Basle, Switzerland
AN - OPUS4-65173
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Steglich, P.
A1 - Rabus, D. G.
A1 - Sada, C.
A1 - Paul, Martin
A1 - Weller, Michael G.
A1 - Mai, C.
A1 - Mai, A.
T1 - Silicon Photonic Micro-Ring Resonators for Chemical and Biological Sensing: A Tutorial
N2 - Silicon photonic micro-ring resonators (MRR) developed on the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform, owing to their high sensitivity and small footprint, show great potential for many chemical and biological sensing applications such as label-free detection in environmental monitoring, biomedical engineering, and food analysis. In this tutorial,we provide the theoretical background and give design guidelines for SOI-based MRR as well as examples of surface functionalization procedures for label-free detection of molecules. After introducing the advantages and perspectives of MRR, fundamentals of MRR are described in detail, followed by an introduction to the fabrication methods, which are based on a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. Optimization of MRR for chemical and biological sensing is provided, with special emphasis on the optimization of waveguide geometry. At this point, the difference between chemical bulk sensing and label-free surface sensing is explained, and definitions like waveguide sensitivity, ring sensitivity, overall sensitivity as well as the limit of detection (LoD) of MRR are introduced. Further, we show and explain chemical bulk sensing of sodium chloride (NaCl) in water and provide a recipe for label-free surface sensing.
KW - Biosensors
KW - Biophotonics
KW - Chemosensor
KW - Biosensor
KW - Microresonator
KW - Nanophotonics
KW - Optical sensors
KW - Photonic sensors
KW - Optoelectronic
KW - Ring resonator
KW - Silicon photonics
KW - Miniaturization
KW - Lab-on-a-chip
KW - Lab-on-chip
KW - Waveguide
KW - Surface chemistry
KW - Silanization
KW - Glutaraldehyde
KW - Affinity immobilization
KW - Antibody
KW - Oriented immobilization
KW - Real-time measurement
PY - 2022
DO - https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2021.3119547
SN - 1530-437X
VL - 22
IS - 11
SP - 10089
EP - 10105
PB - IEEE
AN - OPUS4-55147
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bornemann-Pfeiffer, Martin
A1 - Wolf, Jakob
A1 - Meyer, Klas
A1 - Kern, S.
A1 - Angelone, D.
A1 - Leonov, A.
A1 - Cronin, L.
A1 - Emmerling, Franziska
T1 - Standardization and control of Grignard reactions in a universal chemical synthesis machine using online NMR
T1 - Standardisierung und Kontrolle von Grignard-Reaktionen mittels Online-NMR in einer universellen chemischen Syntheseplattform
N2 - A big problem with the chemistry literature is that it is not standardized with respect to precise operational parameters, and real time corrections are hard to make without expert knowledge. This lack of context means difficult reproducibility because many steps are ambiguous, and hence depend on tacit knowledge. Here we present the integration of online NMR into an automated chemical synthesis machine (CSM aka. “Chemputer” which is capable of small-molecule synthesis using a universal programming language) to allow automated analysis and adjustment of reactions on the fly. The system was validated and benchmarked by using Grignard reactions which were chosen due to their importance in synthesis. The system was monitored in real time using online-NMR, and spectra were measured continuously during the reactions. This shows that the synthesis being done in the Chemputer can be dynamically controlled in response to feedback optimizing the reaction conditions according to the user requirements.
N2 - Ein Problem der chemischen Literatur ist die fehlende Standardisierung bezüglich genauer Bedingungen, auch Echtzeit-Korrekturen sind ohne Expertenwissen nur schwer möglich. Dieser Mangel an Details erschwert experimentelle Reproduzierbarkeit, da Schritte oft mehrdeutig sind und daher von implizitem Wissen abhängen. Hier präsentieren wir die Integration von Online-NMR Spektroskopie in eine automatisierte chemische Syntheseplattform (CSM aka. “Chemputer”, unter Verwendung einer universellen Programmiersprache zur Synthese kleiner Moleküle fähig), um eine automatisierte Analyse und Anpassung von Reaktionen im laufenden Betrieb zu ermöglichen. Das System wurde anhand von Grignard-Reaktionen, die aufgrund ihrer Bedeutung für die Synthese ausgewählt wurden, validiert und einem Härtetest unterzogen. Synthesen wurden in Echtzeit mit Online-NMR überwacht, und die Spektren wurden während der Reaktionen kontinuierlich aufgenommen und analysiert. Dies zeigt, dass der Chemputer dynamisch mittels einer Regelung kontrolliert werden kann, um die Reaktionsbedingungen entsprechend den Anforderungen des Benutzers zu optimieren.
KW - Grignard reaction
KW - NMR spectroscopy
KW - Process analytical technology
KW - Process control
KW - Grignard-Reaktion
KW - NMR-Spektroskopie
KW - Prozessanalytik
KW - Prozesskontrolle
PY - 2021
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-531260
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202106323
SN - 1521-3773
SN - 1433-7851
N1 - Bibliografische Angaben für die deutsche Version: Angewandte Chemie 2021, Jg. 133, S. 1–7, ISSN 0044-8249, ISSN 1521-3757, https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.202106323 - Bibliographic information for the German version: Angewandte Chemie 2021, vol. 133, p. 1–7, ISSN 0044-8249, ISSN 1521-3757, https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.202106323
VL - 60
IS - 43
SP - 1
EP - 6
PB - Wiley-VCH
CY - Weinheim
AN - OPUS4-53126
LA - mul
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich
A1 - Emmerling, Franziska
ED - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
ED - Strange, R. W.
T1 - Time- and spatial-resolved XAFS spectroscopy in a
single shot: new analytical possibilities for in situ
material characterization
N2 - A new concept that comprises both time- and lateral-resolved X-ray absorption fine-structure information simultaneously in a single shot is presented. This uncomplicated set-up was tested at the BAMline at BESSY-II (Berlin, Germany). The primary broadband beam was generated by a double multilayer monochromator. The transmitted beam through the sample is diffracted by a convexly bent Si (111) crystal, producing a divergent beam. This, in turn, is collected by either an energy-sensitive area detector, the so-called color X-ray camera, or by an area-sensitive detector based on a CCD camera, in θ–2θ geometry. The first tests were performed with thin metal foils and some iron oxide mixtures. A time resolution of lower than 1 s together with a spatial resolution in one dimension of at least 50 mm is achieved.
KW - Single-shot XAFS
KW - Time resolution
PY - 2016
UR - http://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/paper?S1600577516003969
DO - https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577516003969
SN - 1600-5775
VL - 23
SP - 769
EP - 776
PB - International Union of Crystallography
CY - Liverpool, UK
AN - OPUS4-35903
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Cakir, Cafer Tufan
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Haider, M. Bilal
A1 - Emmerling, Franziska
A1 - F. M. Oliveira, P.
A1 - Michalchuk, Adam
T1 - Dispersive x-ray absorption spectroscopy for time-resolved in situ monitoring of mechanochemical reactions
N2 - X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provides a unique, atom-specific tool to probe the electronic structure of solids. By surmounting long-held limitations of powder-based XAS using a dynamically averaged powder in a Resonant Acoustic Mixer (RAM), we demonstrate how time-resolved in situ (TRIS) XAS provides unprecedented detail of mechanochemical synthesis. The use of a custom-designed dispersive XAS (DXAS) setup allows us to increase the time resolution over existing fluorescence measurements from ∼15 min to 2 s for a complete absorption spectrum. Hence, we here establish TRIS-XAS as a viable method for studying mechanochemical reactions and sampling reaction kinetics. The generality of our approach is demonstrated through RAM-induced (i) bottom-up Au nanoparticle mechanosynthesis and (ii) the synthesis of a prototypical metal organic framework, ZIF-8. Moreover, we demonstrate that our approach also works with the addition of a stainless steel milling ball, opening the door to using TRIS-DXAS for following conventional ball milling reactions. We expect that our TRIS-DXAS approach will become an essential part of the mechanochemical tool box.
KW - In situ studies
KW - Dipsersive XAS
KW - Mechanochemistry
KW - Time-resolved
PY - 2022
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-567659
DO - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0130673
SN - 1089-7690
VL - 157
IS - 21
SP - 1
EP - 12
PB - American Institute of Physics
CY - Melville, NY
AN - OPUS4-56765
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Steglich, P.
A1 - Bondarenko, S.
A1 - Mai, C.
A1 - Paul, Martin
A1 - Weller, Michael G.
A1 - Mai, A.
T1 - CMOS-Compatible Silicon Photonic Sensor for Refractive Index Sensing Using Local Back-Side Release
N2 - Silicon photonic sensors are promising candidates for lab-on-a-chip solutions with versatile applications and scalable production prospects using complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication methods. However, the widespread use has been hindered because the sensing area adjoins optical and electrical components making packaging and sensor handling challenging. In this work, a local back-side release of the photonic sensor is employed, enabling a separation of the sensing area from the rest of the chip. This approach allows preserving the compatibility of photonic integrated circuits in the front-end of line and metal interconnects in the back-end of line. The sensor is based on a micro-ring resonator and is fabricated on wafer-level using a CMOS technology. We revealed a ring resonator sensitivity for homogeneous sensing of 106 nm/RIU.
KW - Photonic biosensor
KW - Lab-on-a-chip
KW - Ring resonator
KW - Resonance wavelength shift
KW - PIC technology
KW - Back-side integration
PY - 2020
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-517139
DO - https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2020.3019114
VL - 32
IS - 19
SP - 1241
EP - 1244
PB - IEEE
AN - OPUS4-51713
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Paul, Martin
T1 - Development of a biosensor for the online detection of explosives
N2 - An affinity column, which removed up to 99 % of high affinity Anti-TNT antibody at high antibody concentrations, was manufactured based on a monolithic glass core and a trinitroaniline-BSA conjugate. To detect the label Dy654 in the nM range an epi-fluorescence microscope setup with a CMOS camera was established to serve as online fluorescence detector with multiplexing capabilities.
T2 - ANAKON 2019
CY - Münster, Germany
DA - 25.03.2019
KW - Online fluorescence
KW - Trinitro
KW - Affinty
KW - Antibody
PY - 2019
AN - OPUS4-47745
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -