TY - JOUR
A1 - Martin-Sanchez, Pedro Maria
A1 - Miller, A. Z.
A1 - Garcia-Sanchez, A. M.
A1 - Martin-Sanchez, Pedro Maria
A1 - F.C. Pereira, M.
A1 - Afonso, M. J.
A1 - Saiz-Jimenez, C.
A1 - Spangenberg, J. E.
A1 - Jurado, V.
A1 - Dionísio, A.
A1 - Chaminé, H. I.
A1 - Hermosin, B.
T1 - Origin of abundant moonmilk deposits in a subsurface granitic environment
N2 - Subsurface granitic environments are scarce and poorly investigated. A multi-disciplinary approach was used to characterize the abundant moonmilk deposits and associated microbial communities coating the granite walls of the 16th Century Paranhos spring water tunnel in Porto city (north-west Portugal). It is possible that this study is the first record of moonmilk in an urban subsurface granitic environment. The morphology and texture, mineralogical composition, stable isotope composition and microbial diversity of moonmilk deposits have been studied to infer the processes of moonmilk formation. These whitish secondary mineral deposits are composed of very fine needle fibre calcite crystals with different morphologies and density. Calcified filaments of fungal hyphae or bacteria were distinguished by field emission scanning electron microscopy. Stable isotope analysis revealed a meteoric origin of the needle fibre calcite, with an important contribution of atmospheric CO2, soil respiration and HCO3 − from weathering of Ca-bearing minerals. The DNA-based analyses revealed the presence of micro-organisms related to urban contamination, including Actinobacteria, mainly represented by Pseudonocardia hispaniensis, Thaumarchaeota and Ascomycota, dominated by Cladosporium. This microbial composition is consistent with groundwater pollution and contamination sources of the overlying urban area, including garages, petrol stations and wastewater pipeline leakage, showing that the Paranhos tunnel is greatly perturbed by anthropogenic activities. Whether the identified micro-organisms are involved in the formation of the needle fibre calcite or not is difficult to demonstrate, but this study evidenced both abiotic and biogenic genesis for the calcite moonmilk in this subsurface granitic environment.
KW - Biomineralization
KW - Carbonate precipitation
KW - Granite
KW - Moonmilk
KW - Needle fibre calcite
PY - 2017
UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/sed.12431
DO - https://doi.org/10.1111/sed.12431
SN - 1365-3091
VL - 65
IS - 2
SP - 1482
EP - 1503
PB - Wiley
AN - OPUS4-43622
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Dreßler, Martin
A1 - Röllig, Mathias
A1 - Schmidt, Martin
A1 - Maturilli, A.
A1 - Helbert, J.
T1 - Temperature distribution in powder beds during 3D printing
N2 - Purpose – This purpose of this paper is to report about the temperature distribution in metal and ceramic powder beds during 3D printing. The differing powders are thoroughly characterized in terms of thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, emissivity spectra and density.
Design/methodology/approach – The temperature distribution was measured in a 3D printing appliance (Prometal R1) with the help of thin thermocouples (0.25 mm diameter) and thermographic imaging. Temperatures at the powder bed surface as well as at differing powder bed depths were determined. The thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and emissivity spectra of the powders were measured as well. Numerical simulation was used to verify the measured temperatures.
Findings – The ceramic powder heated up and cooled down more quickly. This finding corresponds well with numerical simulations based on measured values for thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity as well as emissivity spectra. An observed color change at the metal powder has only little effect on emissivity in the relevant wavelength region.
Research limitations/implications – It was found that thermocouple-based temperature measurements at the powder bed surface are difficult and these results should be considered with caution.
Practical implications – The results give practitioners valuable information about the transient temperature evolution for two widely used but differing powder systems (metal, ceramic). The paramount importance of powder bed porosity for thermal conductivity was verified. Already small differences in thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and hence volumetric heat capacity lead to marked differences in the transient temperature evolution.
Originality/value – The paper combines several techniques such as temperature measurements, spectral emissivity measurements, measurements of thermal conductivity and diffusivity and density measurements. The obtained results are put into a numerical model to check the obtained temperature data and the other measured values for consistency. This approach illustrates that determinations of surface temperatures of the powder beds are difficult.
KW - Rapid prototypes
KW - Printers
KW - Heat transfer
KW - Powders
KW - Ceramics
KW - Metals
PY - 2010
DO - https://doi.org/10.1108/13552541011065722
SN - 1355-2546
VL - 16
IS - 5
SP - 328
EP - 336
PB - MCB University Press
CY - Bradford
AN - OPUS4-22002
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Tuma, Dirk
A1 - Lozano-Martín, D.
A1 - Vega-Maza, D.
A1 - Moreau, A.
A1 - Martín, M. C.
A1 - Segovia, J. J.
T1 - Speed of sound data, derived perfect-gas heat capacities, and acoustic virial coefficients of a calibration standard natural gas mixture and a low-calorific H2-enriched mixture
N2 - This work aims to address the technical aspects related to the thermodynamic characterization of natural gas mixtures blended with hydrogen for the introduction of alternative energy sources within the Power-to-Gas framework. For that purpose, new experimental speed of sound data are presented in the pressure range between (0.1 up to 13) MPa and at temperatures of (260, 273.16, 300, 325, and 350) K for two mixtures qualified as primary calibration standards: a 11 component synthetic natural gas mixture (11 M), and another low-calorific H2-enriched natural gas mixture with a nominal molar percentage x(H2) = 3 %.
Measurements have been gathered using a spherical acoustic resonator with an experimental expanded (k = 2) uncertainty better than 200 parts in 106 (0.02 %) in the speed of sound. The heat capacity ratio as perfect-gas gammapg, the molar heat capacity as perfect-gas Cp,m pg, and the second betaa and third gammaa acoustic virial coefficients are derived from the speed of sound values. All the results are compared with the reference mixture models for natural gas-like mixtures, the AGA8-DC92 EoS and the GERG-2008 EoS, with Special attention to the impact of hydrogen on those properties. Data are found to be mostly consistent within the model uncertainty in the 11 M synthetic mixture as expected, but for the hydrogen-enriched mixture in the limit of the model uncertainty at the highest measuring pressures.
KW - Natural gas mixtures
KW - Speed-of-sound measurements
KW - Equations of state
KW - Acoustic virial coefficients
PY - 2021
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jct.2021.106434
SN - 0021-9614
VL - 158
SP - 106434
PB - Elsevier Ltd.
CY - Amsterdam
AN - OPUS4-52292
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Segovia, J. J.
A1 - Tuma, Dirk
A1 - Lozano-Martín, D.
A1 - Moreau, A.
A1 - Martín, M. C.
A1 - Vega-Maza, D.
T1 - Speed of sound data and acoustic virial coefficients of two binary (N2 + H2) mixtures at temperatures between (260 and 350) K and at pressures between (0.5 and 20) MPa
N2 - This work aims to address the technical concerns related to the thermodynamic characterization of gas mixtures blended with hydrogen for the implementation of hydrogen as a new energy vector. For this purpose, new experimental speed of sound measurements have been done in gaseous and supercritical phases of two binary mixtures of nitrogen and hydrogen using the most accurate technique available, i.e., the spherical acoustic resonator, yielding an experimental expanded (k = 2) uncertainty of only 220 parts in 106 (0.022%). The measurements cover the pressure range between (0.5 and 20) MPa, the temperature range between (260 and 350) K, and the composition range with a nominal mole percentage of hydrogen of (5 and 10) mol%, respectively.
From the speed of sound data sets, thermophysical properties that are relevant for the characterization of the mixture, namely the second βa and third γa acoustic virial coefficients, are derived. These results are thoroughly compared and discussed with the established reference mixture models valid for mixtures of nitrogen and hydrogen, such as the AGA8-DC92 EoS, the GERG-2008 EoS, and the recently developed adaptation of the GERG-2008 EoS, here denoted GERG-H2_improved EoS. Special attention has been given to the effect of hydrogen concentration on those properties, showing that only the GERG-H2_improved EoS is consistent with the data sets within the experimental uncertainty in most measuring conditions.
KW - Speed of sound
KW - Acoustic resonance
KW - Binary gas mixture
PY - 2022
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-551482
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jct.2022.106791
SN - 0021-9614
VL - 171
SP - 1
EP - 13
PB - Elsevier B. V.
CY - Amsterdam
AN - OPUS4-55148
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - López de Ipina, J.-M.
A1 - Arevalillo, A.
A1 - Martín, A.
A1 - Caillard, B.
A1 - Marcoulaki, E.
A1 - Aguerre- Charol, O.
A1 - van Duuren-Stuurman, B.
A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan
A1 - Viitanen, A.-K.
A1 - Witters, H.
A1 - Vercauteren, S.
A1 - Persson, K.
A1 - Bard, D.
A1 - Evans, G.
A1 - Jensen, K.A.
A1 - Himly, M.
A1 - Scalbi, S.
A1 - Papin, A.
A1 - Le Bihan, O.
A1 - Kanerva, T.
A1 - Tirez, K.
A1 - Frijns, E.
A1 - Niga, P.
A1 - Eleftheriadis, K.
A1 - Travlos, A.
A1 - Geppert, M.
A1 - Himly, M.
A1 - Radnik, Jörg
A1 - Kuchenbecker, Petra
A1 - Resch-Genger, Ute
A1 - Fraboulet, I.
A1 - Bressot, C.
A1 - Rissler, J.
A1 - Gaucher, R.
A1 - Binotto, G.
A1 - Krietsch, Arne
A1 - Braun, A.
A1 - Abenet, S.
A1 - Catalan, J.
A1 - Verstraelen, S.
A1 - Manier, N.
A1 - Manzo, S.
A1 - Fransman, S.
A1 - Queron, J.
A1 - Charpentier, D.
A1 - Taxell, D.
A1 - Säämänen, A.
A1 - Brignon, J.-M.
A1 - Jovanovic, A.
A1 - Bisson, M
A1 - Neofytou, P.
T1 - EC4Safenano - Catalogue of Services
N2 - The publicly available document encapsulates the first version of the Catalogue of Services of the future EC4Safenano Centre (CoS 2019).
The CoS 2019 is structured in 12 Service Categories and 27 Service Topics, for each of the 12 categories considered. This architecture configures a 12 x 27 matrix that allows ordering the potential EC4Safenano offer in 324 types of services/groups of services.
Each type of service/group of services is described, in a simple and friendly way, by means of a specific service sheet: the EC4Safenano - Service Data Sheet (EC4-SDS). These EC4-SDSs allow structuring and summarizing the information of each service, providing the customer with a concise view of characteristics of the service and also the contact details with the service provider.
The CoS 2019 deploys a map of services consisting of a set of 100 EC4-SDSs, covering 7 of the 12 Service Categories and 17 of the 27 Service Topics.
The harmonization of services is visualized as a future necessary step in EC4Safenano, in order to strengthen the offer and provide added value to customers with a growing offer of harmonized services in future versions of the CoS.
The information contained in this document is structured in 3 main sections, as follows:
• Catalogue structure. This section describes in short the main characteristics of the CoS 2019.
• Catalogue content. This section represents the core part of the document and encapsulates the set of 100 SDSs displaying the offer proposed by the CoS 2019.
• Online Catalogue. This section describes the resources implemented by EC4Safenano to facilitate the on-line consultation of the CoS 2019 by customers and other interested parties.
KW - Nano-safety
KW - Analytical services
KW - Nanomaterials
KW - Catalogue of services
KW - EC4SafeNano
KW - European Centre
PY - 2021
UR - https://ec4safenano.eu-vri.eu/Public/Guidance
SP - 1
EP - 72
PB - EU-VRi – European Virtual Institute for Integrated Risk Management
CY - Stuttgart, Germany
AN - OPUS4-52943
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Coutinho, M.L.
A1 - Miller, A. Z.
A1 - Martin-Sanchez, Pedro Maria
A1 - Mirao, J.
A1 - Gomez-Bolea, A.
A1 - Machado-Moreira, B.
A1 - Cerqueira-Alves, L.
A1 - Jurado, V.
A1 - Saiz-Jimenez,, C.
A1 - Lima, A.
A1 - Phillips, A. J. L.
A1 - Pina, F.
A1 - Macedo, M. F.
T1 - A multiproxy approach to evaluate biocidal treatments on biodeteriorated majolica glazed tiles
N2 - The Fishing House located on the grounds of the Marquis of Pombal Palace, Oeiras, Portugal, was built in the 18th century. During this epoch, Portuguese gardens, such as the one surrounding the Fishing House, were commonly ornamented with glazed wall tile claddings. Currently, some of these outdoor tile panels are covered with dark colored biofilms, contributing to undesirable aesthetic changes and eventually inducing chemical and physical damage to the tile surfaces. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the investigated biofilms are mainly composed of green algae, cyanobacteria and dematiaceous fungi. With the aim of mitigating biodeterioration, four different biocides (TiO2 nanoparticles, Biotin® T, Preventol® RI 80 and Albilex Biostat®) were applied in situ to the glazed wall tiles. Their efficacy was monitored by visual examination, epifluorescence microscopy and DNA-based analysis. Significant changes in the microbial community composition were observed 4 months after treatment with Preventol® RI 80 and Biotin® T. Although the original community was inactivated after these treatments, an early stage of re-colonization was detected 6 months after the biocide application. TiO2 nanoparticles showed promising results due to their self-cleaning effect, causing the detachment of the biofilm from the tile surface, which remained clean 6 and even 24 months after biocide application.
KW - Biofilm
KW - Glazed tiles
KW - Fungi
PY - 2016
DO - https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.13380
SN - 1462-2912
SN - 1462-2920
VL - 18
IS - 12
SP - 4794
EP - 4816
PB - Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd
AN - OPUS4-37380
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Roters, F.
A1 - Aslam, A.
A1 - Bai, Y.
A1 - Büschelberger, M.
A1 - Bulert, K.
A1 - Butz, A.
A1 - Hickel, Tilmann
A1 - Jogi, T.
A1 - Klitschke, S.
A1 - Martin, M.
A1 - Meyer, L.-P.
A1 - Morand, L.
A1 - Nahshon, Y.
A1 - Radtke, N.
A1 - Saikia, Ujjal
A1 - Trondl, A.
A1 - Wessel, A.
A1 - Zierep, P.
A1 - Helm, D.
T1 - StahlDigital: Ontology-Based Workflows for the Steel Industry
N2 - The innovative strength of the steel industry is based on the mastery of microstructure–property relationships. Digital workflows can largely contribute to this aim by making the complexity of workflows reproducible and their execution user independent. In this work, the tools and workflows developed in the project StahlDigital as part of the German MaterialDigital initiative are presented and application examples are provided. A steel ontology builds the
foundation for data collection and storage as well as for the semantic description of experimental and simulation data processing workflows. A dataspace powered by the Dataspace Management System (DSMS) digitally represents such workflows and manages data along them in a Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable manner aiming to derive new knowledge. Experimental data processed via DSMS can be further evaluated and used as input for simulation workflows. The simulations included in such workflows are run by the workflow system pyiron, which has been semantically extended in StahlDigital for this purpose.
KW - Steel
KW - Rolling
KW - Multiscale simulation
KW - Ontology
KW - Workflow
PY - 2025
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-627187
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202402148
SN - 1527-2648
SP - 1
EP - 13
PB - Wiley VHC-Verlag
AN - OPUS4-62718
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Nilsson, R. H.
A1 - Taylor, A. F. S.
A1 - Adams, R. I.
A1 - Baschien, C.
A1 - Bengtsson-Palme, J.
A1 - Cangren, P.
A1 - Coleine, C.
A1 - Iršėnaitė, R.
A1 - Martin-Sanchez, Pedro Maria
A1 - Meyer, W.
A1 - Oh, S.-Y.
A1 - Sampaio, J. P.
A1 - Seifert, K. A.
A1 - Sklenář, F.
A1 - Stubbe, D.
A1 - Suh, S.-O.
A1 - Summerbell, R.
A1 - Svantesson, S.
A1 - Unterseher, M.
A1 - Visagie, C. M.
A1 - Weiss, M.
A1 - Woudenberg, J. HC.
A1 - Wurzbacher, C.
A1 - Van den Wyngaert, S.
A1 - Yilmaz, N.
A1 - Yurkov, A.
A1 - Kõljalg, U.
A1 - Abarenkov, K.
A1 - Daniel, H.-M.
A1 - Glassman, S. I.
A1 - Hirooka, H.
A1 - Irinyi, L.
T1 - Taxonomic annotation of public fungal ITS sequences from the built environment – a report from an April 10–11, 2017 workshop (Aberdeen, UK)
N2 - Recent DNA-based studies have shown that the built environment is surprisingly rich in fungi. These indoor fungi – whether transient visitors or more persistent residents – may hold clues to the rising levels of human allergies and other medical and building-related health problems observed globally. The taxo¬nomic identity of these fungi is crucial in such pursuits. Molecular identification of the built mycobiome is no trivial undertaking, however, given the large number of unidentified, misidentified, and technically compromised fungal sequences in public sequence databases. In addition, the sequence metadata required to make informed taxonomic decisions – such as country and host/substrate of collection – are often lacking even from reference and ex-type sequences. Here we report on a taxonomic annotation workshop (April 10–11, 2017) organized at the James Hutton Institute/University of Aberdeen (UK) to facilitate reproducible studies of the built mycobiome. The 32 participants went through public fungal ITS bar¬code sequences related to the built mycobiome for taxonomic and nomenclatural correctness, technical quality, and metadata availability. A total of 19,508 changes – including 4,783 name changes, 14,121 metadata annotations, and the removal of 99 technically compromised sequences – were implemented in the UNITE database for molecular identification of fungi (https://unite.ut.ee/) and shared with a range of other databases and downstream resources. Among the genera that saw the largest number of changes were Penicillium, Talaromyces, Cladosporium, Acremonium, and Alternaria, all of them of significant importance in both culture-based and culture-independent surveys of the built environment.
KW - Indoor mycobiome
KW - Built environment
KW - Molecular identification
KW - Fungi
KW - Taxonomy
KW - Systematics
KW - Sequence annotation
KW - Metadata
KW - Open data
PY - 2018
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-438949
DO - https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.28.20887
SN - 1314-4049
SN - 1314-4057
VL - 28
SP - 65
EP - 82
PB - Pensoft Publishers
CY - Washington, DC
AN - OPUS4-43894
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Liu, Yanchen
A1 - Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Alippi, Paola
A1 - Montoro, Luciano A.
A1 - Lee, Kug‐Seung
A1 - Jeon, Taeyeol
A1 - Weißer, Kilian
A1 - Karlsen, Martin A.
A1 - Russo, Patrícia A.
A1 - Pinna, Nicola
T1 - FeNb 2 O 6 as a High‐Performance Anode for Sodium‐Ion Batteries Enabled by Structural Amorphization Coupled with NbO 6 Local Ordering
N2 - Pseudocapacitance-type transition metal oxides have been extensively investigated as anodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Currently, they are also gaining attention for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to their low volume change and safety. However, their performance in sodium storage remains limited, primarily due to the larger Na+ ion radius. Here, for the first time, an iron niobate is reported with a columbite structure as a high-performance sodium storage anode. The presence of iron triggers the loss of long-range order through disorder of the FeO6 octahedra local structure, subsequently allowing reversible sodium storage in an amorphous phase. Simultaneously, the formation of short-range ordered zigzag-chain structures within the NbO6 planes creates a “skeleton” that offers abundant active sites for pseudocapacitive ion storage and enhanced ion diffusion pathways. These characteristics of FeNb2O6 make it an effective intercalation host, offering high capacity along with fast Na+ kinetics, as demonstrated through operando and ex situ characterizations. It leads to an applicable reversible capacity (>300 mAh g−1) with a favorable average voltage of ≈0.6 V and excellent rate capability (180.4 mAh g−1 at a current density of 2 A g−1). This study provides insights into the development of intrinsically active transition metal oxides for Na+-ion intercalation.
KW - SIB
KW - XAS
KW - Sodium-ion Batteries
PY - 2025
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-654931
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202504100
SN - 0935-9648
VL - 37
IS - 46
SP - 1
EP - 13
PB - Wiley
AN - OPUS4-65493
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ordavo, I.
A1 - Ihle, S.
A1 - Arkadiev, V.
A1 - Scharf, Oliver
A1 - Soltau, H.
A1 - Bjeoumikhov, A.
A1 - Bjeoumikhova, S.
A1 - Buzanich, Günter
A1 - Gubzhokov, R.
A1 - Günther, A.
A1 - Hartmann, R.
A1 - Holl, P.
A1 - Kimmel, N.
A1 - Kühbacher, M.
A1 - Lang, M.
A1 - Langhoff, N.
A1 - Liebel, A.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich
A1 - Schaller, G.
A1 - Schopper, F.
A1 - Strüder, L.
A1 - Thamm, C.
A1 - Wedell, R.
T1 - A new pnCCD-based color X-ray camera for fast spatial and energy-resolved measurements
N2 - We present a new high resolution X-ray imager based on a pnCCD detector and a polycapillary optics. The properties of the pnCCD like high quantum efficiency, high energy resolution and radiation hardness are maintained, while color corrected polycapillary lenses are used to direct the fluorescence photons from every spot on a sample to a corresponding pixel on the detector. The camera is sensitive to photons from 3 to 40 keV with still 30% quantum efficiency at 20 keV. The pnCCD is operated in split frame mode allowing a high frame rate of 400 Hz with an energy resolution of 152 eV for Mn Kα (5.9 keV) at 450 kcps. In single-photon counting mode (SPC), the time, energy and position of every fluorescence photon is recorded for every frame. A dedicated software enables the visualization of the elements distribution in real time without the need of post-processing the data. A description of the key components including detector, X-ray optics and camera is given. First experiments show the capability of the camera to perform fast full-field X-Ray Fluorescence (FF-XRF) for element analysis. The imaging performance with a magnifying optics (3×) has also been successfully tested.
KW - X-ray CCD camera
KW - pnCCD
KW - Fast X-ray imaging
KW - XRF
KW - Full-field X-ray fluorescence
KW - Elemental analysis
KW - High quantum efficiency
KW - High energy resolution
KW - Polycapillary optics
PY - 2011
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2011.05.080
SN - 0168-9002
SN - 0167-5087
VL - 654
SP - 250
EP - 257
PB - North-Holland
CY - Amsterdam
AN - OPUS4-24370
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Scharf, Oliver
A1 - Ihle, S.
A1 - Ordavo, I.
A1 - Arkadiev, V.
A1 - Bjeoumikhov, A.
A1 - Bjeoumikhova, S.
A1 - Buzanich, Günter
A1 - Gubzhokov, R.
A1 - Günther, A.
A1 - Hartmann, R.
A1 - Kühbacher, M.
A1 - Lang, M.
A1 - Langhoff, N.
A1 - Liebel, A.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich
A1 - Soltau, H.
A1 - Strüder, L.
A1 - Thünemann, Andreas
A1 - Wedell, R.
T1 - Compact pnCCD-based X-ray camera with high spatial and energy resolution: a color X-ray camera
N2 - For many applications there is a requirement for nondestructive analytical investigation of the elemental distribution in a sample. With the improvement of X-ray optics and spectroscopic X-ray imagers, full field X-ray fluorescence (FF-XRF) methods are feasible. A new device for high-resolution X-ray imaging, an energy and spatial resolving X-ray camera, is presented. The basic idea behind this so-called 'color X-ray camera' (CXC) is to combine an energy dispersive array detector for X-rays, in this case a pnCCD, with polycapillary optics. Imaging is achieved using multiframe recording of the energy and the point of impact of single photons. The camera was tested using a laboratory 30 µm microfocus X-ray tube and synchrotron radiation from BESSY II at the BAMline facility. These experiments demonstrate the suitability of the camera for X-ray fluorescence analytics. The camera simultaneously records 69696 spectra with an energy resolution of 152 eV for manganese Kα with a spatial resolution of 50 µm over an imaging area of 12.7 × 12.7 mm². It is sensitive to photons in the energy region between 3 and 40 keV, limited by a 50 µm beryllium window, and the sensitive thickness of 450 µm of the chip. Online preview of the sample is possible as the software updates the sums of the counts for certain energy channel ranges during the measurement and displays 2-D false-color maps as well as spectra of selected regions. The complete data cube of 264 × 264 spectra is saved for further qualitative and quantitative processing.
KW - Color X-ray camera
KW - X-ray fluorescence
KW - pnCCD
KW - Polycapillary optic
KW - Synchrotron radiation
PY - 2011
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/ac102811p
SN - 0003-2700
SN - 1520-6882
VL - 83
IS - 7
SP - 2532
EP - 2538
PB - American Chemical Society
CY - Washington, DC
AN - OPUS4-23948
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ahlawat, A.
A1 - Seeger, Stefan
A1 - Gottschalk, Martin
A1 - Tuch, T.
A1 - Wiedensohler, A.
T1 - Observation of systematic deviations between Faraday cup aerosol electrometers for varying particle sizes and flow rates - results of the AEROMET FCAE workshop
N2 - Condensation particle counters (CPCs) are widely used for the measurement of aerosol particle number concentrations in the size range from approximately 3 nm to 3 μm. For an SI-traceable calibration of the size-dependent counting efficiency, which is advisable on a regular basis and required in several applications, Faraday cup aerosol electrometers (FCAEs) are considered to be a suitable SI-traceable reference.While the volumetric aerosol inlet flowrate and the electrical current measurement in FCAEs can be related to respective SI references, inter-comparison exercises for FCAEs are still performed on a regular basis to establish reliable uncertainty budgets and to further investigate the influences of designs and operational parameters on comparability. This is strongly demanded in the international community of metrological institutes and aerosol calibration facilities around the world, which provide CPC calibrations. In the present study, the performance of FCAEs was investigated,using Ag test aerosol particles with a 30 nm particle diameter by varying the inlet flowrates from 0.5 l min−1 to 4 l min−1. From our experimental results, significant deviations were observed in FCAE currents at sample flowrates smaller than 1.5 l min−1. It is recommended that these discrepancies should be quantified before an FCAE is used for CPC calibration at low sample flowrates and small particle sizes in the sub-30 nm size range.
KW - Faraday cup aerosol electrometer
KW - CPC calibration
KW - Inter-comparison
KW - Aerosol measurement instruments
PY - 2021
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-531315
DO - https://doi.org/10.1088/1681-7575/ac0710
SN - 1681-7575
SN - 0026-1394
VL - 58
IS - 5
SP - 1
EP - 8
PB - Institute of Physics (IOP)
CY - Bristol, UK
AN - OPUS4-53131
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Gómez-Fernández, S.
A1 - Günther, Martin
A1 - Schartel, Bernhard
A1 - Corcuera, M. A.
A1 - Eceiza, A.
T1 - Impact of the combined use of layered double hydroxides, lignin and phosphorous polyol on the fire behavior of flexible polyurethane foams
N2 - Flexible polyurethane foams with densities of 40 ± 2 kg m−3 were prepared by combining different ecofriendly fillers such as layered double hydroxides (LDH) and kraft lignin (a byproduct of the pulp and paper industry) with a phosphorous polyol (E560) in order to study their effect on the mechanical performance and fire behavior of the foams. Two series of foams were prepared, some containing lignin or LDH separately, and some with a combination of both: one of the series was prepared without E560 (0E foam series) and the other with 5 parts per hundred of E560 polyol (5E series). The use of fillers resulted in increased viscosity of the reactive mixture, requiring higher blowing agent content in order to hold the density of the foams constant. It was observed that urea phase segregation was favored in the series of 0E foams due to their lower viscosity than the 5E series. This had consequent effects on the resilience, compression force deflection and compression set of these foams. In terms of fire behavior it was observed that while the limiting oxygen index decreased, cone calorimeter results showed that the combination of lignin, LDH and E560 decreased the heat release of the foams. In addition, the combination of fillers and E560 contributed to increase the viscosity of the pyrolysis products, preventing the dripping of the molten polymer, which is a key factor in flame propagation towards adjacent objects in fire scenarios.
KW - Ligning
KW - Foam
KW - Flexible polyurethane foam
KW - Flame retardant
PY - 2018
SN - 0926-6690
VL - 125
SP - 346
EP - 359
PB - Elsevier B.V.
AN - OPUS4-45971
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schnell, A.
A1 - Rübner, Katrin
A1 - Seher, Julia
A1 - Müller, A.
A1 - Liebezeit, S.
A1 - Fenner, J.
A1 - Martin, F.
A1 - Pniok, N.
T1 - REALight ‐ Leichtgranulate und REA‐Gips aus feinkörnigen sulfatbelasteten Bau‐ und Abbruchabfällen
N2 - Ziel des Projekts REALight ist die Entwicklung einer Referenzanlage zur Herstellung von Leichtgranulaten (leichte Gesteinskörnungen) aus Bau‐ und Abbruchabfällen und zur Gipsrückgewinnung. Als Rohstoffe werden bisher ungenutzte oder auf niedrigem Niveau eingesetzte Bau‐ und Abbruchabfälle und industrielle Nebenprodukte verwendet. Als Produkte werden leichte Gesteinskörnungen hergestellt. Die Sulfatabtrennung durch eine thermische Zersetzung bildet die Grundlage für die zusätzliche Gewinnung von Rauchgasentschwefelungs‐Gips (REA‐Gips). Das Projekt wird im Rahmen der Fördermaßnahme „Ressourceneffiziente Kreislaufwirtschaft – Bauen und Mineralische Stoffkreisläufe (ReMin)” gefördert. ReMin ist eine Maßnahme zur Umsetzung des BMBF‐Forschungskonzepts „Ressourceneffiziente Kreislaufwirtschaft” als Teil der BMBF Strategie „Forschung für nachhaltige Entwicklung – FONA”. Ziel der Förderung ist es, den Ausbau der Kreislaufwirtschaft voranzutreiben. Im Mittelpunkt steht dabei die Bauwirtschaft mit ihrer hohen Nachfrage nach Rohstoffen und gleichzeitig großen Mengen an anfallenden mineralischen Abfällen. Am Projekt REALight sind 12 Partner aus verschiedenen Bereichen der Baustoffherstellung und ‐anwendung, Abfallaufbereitung, Verfahrenstechnik sowie Forschung und Entwicklung beteiligt.
T2 - 21. Internationale Baustofftagung (ibausil)
CY - Weimar, Germany
DA - 13.09.2023
KW - Baustoffrecycling
KW - Leichtgranulate
KW - Gips
KW - Leichte Gesteinskörnungen
KW - Drehrohrofen
KW - Recycling
KW - Mauerwerkbruch
KW - Infraleichtbeton
PY - 2023
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-591708
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/cepa.2840
SN - 2509-7075
VL - 6
IS - 6
SP - 530
EP - 536
PB - Ernst & Sohn
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-59170
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Martin, T.
A1 - Zimmermann, E.
A1 - Klitzsch, N.
A1 - Hördt, A.
A1 - Huisman, J. A.
A1 - Radic, T.
A1 - Kruschwitz, Sabine
T1 - Round-robin test of SIP laboratory measurements using electrical test networks
N2 - This study presents the results of an interlaboratory test designed to evaluate the accuracy of spectral induced polarization (SIP) measurements using controlled electrical test networks. The study, conducted in Germany since 2006, involved 12 research institutes, six different impedance measurement devices and four types of electrical test networks specifically designed to evaluate phase shift errors in SIP measurements. The test networks, with impedances ranging from 100 to 150 kΩ, represent high-impedance samples with different phase characteristics, and pose the measurement challenges typical of such samples, including high contact impedances and parasitic capacitances. Four key findings emerged from the study: (1) Impedance measurements across all devices showed deviations within 1 per cent over a wide frequency range (0.001–1000 Hz); (2) phase errors remained below 1 mrad up to 100 Hz for most devices, but increased at higher frequencies due to parasitic capacitances and electromagnetic coupling effects; (3) lab-specific instruments have lower phase errors than field instruments when used in a laboratory environment, primarily due to the effects of long cables and too low input impedances of the field instruments; and (4) short cables and driven shielding technology effectively minimized parasitic capacitance and improved measurement accuracy. The study highlights the usefulness of test networks in assessing the accuracy of SIP measurements and raises awareness of the various factors influencing the quality of SIP data.
KW - Induced polarization
KW - Electrical properties
KW - Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT)
PY - 2025
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-631522
DO - https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaf153
SN - 0956-540X
VL - 242
IS - 1
SP - 1
EP - 13
PB - Oxford University Press (OUP)
AN - OPUS4-63152
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Martin, S.
A1 - Walnsch, A.
A1 - Nolze, Gert
A1 - Leineweber, A.
A1 - Léaux, F.
A1 - Scheuerlein, C.
T1 - The crystal structure of (Nb0.75Cu0.25)Sn-2 in the Cu-Nb-Sn system
N2 - During the processing of superconducting Nb3Sn wire, several intermediate intermetallic phases including a previously encountered Cu-Nb-Sn phase show up. The yet unknown crystal structure of this phase is now identified by a combination of different experimental techniques and database search to be of the hexagonal NiMg2 type with a proposed composition of about (Nb0.75Cu0.25)Sn2. The structure determination started from an evaluation of the lattice parameters from EBSD Kikuchi patterns from quenched material suggesting hexagonal or orthorhombic symmetry. A database search then led to the hexagonal NiMg2 type structure, the presence of which was confirmed by a Rietveld analysis on the basis of high energy synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data. Assuming a partial substitution of Nb in orthorhombic NbSn2 by Cu, the change of the valence electron concentration provokes a structural transformation from the CuMg2 type for NbSn2 to the NiMg2 type for (Nb0.75Cu0.25)Sn2. In the previous literature the (Nb0.75Cu0.25)Sn2 phase described here has occasionally been referred to as Nausite.
KW - Electron backscatter diffraction
KW - X-ray diffraction
KW - Intermetallic compound
KW - Structure solution
KW - Superconductor
PY - 2017
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2016.09.008
SN - 0966-9795
SN - 1879-0216
VL - 80
SP - 16
EP - 21
PB - Elsevier Ltd.
AN - OPUS4-37874
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bentrup, U.
A1 - Radnik, J.
A1 - Armbruster, U.
A1 - Martin, A.
A1 - Leiterer, Jork
A1 - Emmerling, Franziska
A1 - Brückner, A.
T1 - Linking simultaneous in situ WAXS/SAXS/Raman with Raman/ATR/UV-vis spectroscopy: comprehensive insight into the synthesis of molybdate catalyst precursors
N2 - A new setup is presented which enables simultaneous wide- and small-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS/SAXS) and Raman spectroscopic experiments during the synthesis of Mo-based mixed oxide catalyst precursors at the µ-spot beamline at the Berliner Elektronenspeicherring-Gesellschaft für Synchrotronstrahlung (BESSY). Furthermore, we report about the separate monitoring of the same reactions under comparable conditions by simultaneous combined ATR/UVvis/Raman spectroscopic measurements. For testing the performance of both experimental setups two syntheses were described comprising the precipitation of metal molybdates by mixing solutions of metal nitrates and ammonium heptamolybdate. Additionally, the effect of H3PO4 admixture on precipitation was investigated. The combined evaluation of spectroscopic and WAXS/SAXS data allows the discrimination between different molybdate species appearing in solution and precipitate. Furthermore, these molybdate species could be assigned to separate phases of different crystallinity.
KW - In situ
KW - WAXS/SAXS
KW - Raman
KW - ATR
KW - UV-vis
KW - Mixed oxide catalyst
KW - Synthesis
PY - 2009
DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-009-9309-y
SN - 1022-5528
VL - 52
IS - 10
SP - 1350
EP - 1359
PB - Springer Science + Business Media
CY - Dordrecht
AN - OPUS4-19794
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Kautek, Wolfgang
A1 - Hertwig, Andreas
A1 - Martin, Sven
A1 - Krüger, Jörg
A1 - Lenzner, Matthias
A1 - Spielmann, C.
A1 - Lenner, M.
A1 - Bunte, J.
A1 - Puester, T.
A1 - Burmester, T.
A1 - Fiedler, A.
A1 - Heberer, E.
A1 - Brose, M.
A1 - Stingl, A.
A1 - Kiehl, P.
A1 - Hönigsmann, H.
A1 - Trautinger, F.
A1 - Grabner, G.
T1 - Safety in Femtosecond Laser Technology - Recent Results of a European Research Project (406)
T2 - International Laser Safety Conference 2003 ; ILSC 2003
CY - Jacksonville, FL, USA
DA - 2003-03-10
PY - 2003
SN - 0-912035-38-2
SP - 1(?)
EP - 10(?)
PB - Laser Institute of America
CY - Orlando, Fla.
AN - OPUS4-2259
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Szymoniak, Paulina
A1 - Kolmangadi, Mohamed A.
A1 - Böhning, Martin
A1 - Frick, B.
A1 - Apple, M.
A1 - Mole, R. A.
A1 - De Souza, N. R.
A1 - Zorn, R.
A1 - Schönhals, Andreas
T1 - Confined Segmental Diffusion in Nanophase Separated Janus Polynorbornenes as Investigated by Quasielastic Neutron Scattering
N2 - A combination of neutron time-of-flight and neutron backscattering spectroscopy was used to investigate the molecular dynamics of Janus polynorbornenes (Janus poly(tricyclononenes)) on a microscopic level.
These Janus polynorbornenes, denoted as PTCNSiOR, have a semirigid backbone with −Si(OR)3 side groups attached to it. R represents the length of the alkyl side chain. Here side chain lengths of R = 3 (propyl) and R = 8 (octyl) were considered. It is worth mentioning that these polymers have some potential as active layers in gas separation membranes, especially for the separation of higher hydrocarbons. The combination of time-of-flight and backscattering will ensure a reasonably broad time window for analysis where the incoherent intermediate scattering function SInc(q,t) is considered. Previously, it was shown by X-ray investigations that the system undergoes a nanophase separation into alkyl side chain-rich domains surrounded by a backbone-rich matrix. For PTCNSiOPr (R = 3), the alkyl side-chain-rich domains are truly isolated in the backbone-rich matrix, whereas for PTCNSiOOc (R = 8) these domains percolate through the matrix. Further, it was also previously shown that the alkyl side-chain-rich domains undergo a glass transition. The advantage of neutron scattering experiments discussed here is that besides temporal also spatial information is obtained which will allow conclusions to be drawn about the type of molecular fluctuations. At the lowest measured temperature, the decay in Sinc(q,t) is due to the methyl group rotation. The methyl group dynamics is analyzed in terms of a modified jump-diffusion in a 3-fold potential and yields to a reasonable fraction of hydrogens which contribute to the methyl group rotation. At higher temperatures, the decay in SInc(q,t) is due to both the methyl group rotation and the segmental dynamics in the alkyl side-chain-rich domains. The segmental diffusion is modeled by a sublinear diffusion. For the analysis of the scattering function SInc(q,t) of PTCNSiOPr an elastic scattering due to the immobilized backbone-rich matrix must be taken into account. The analysis reveals that the segmental dynamics is confined by the finite size of alkyl chain-rich domains and that it is intrinsically heterogeneous in nature. Both effects are more pronounced for PTCNSiOPr in comparison to those of PTCNSiOOc.
KW - Polynorbornene
KW - Quasielastic Neutron Scattering
PY - 2024
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-608712
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.4c01045
SP - 1
EP - 14
PB - ACS Publications
AN - OPUS4-60871
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Resch-Genger, Ute
A1 - Pilch, A.
A1 - Würth, Christian
A1 - Kaiser, Martin
A1 - Wawrzynczyk, D.
A1 - Kurnatowska, M.
A1 - Arabasz, S.
A1 - Prorok, K.
A1 - Samoc, M.
A1 - Strek, W.
A1 - Bednarkiewicz, A.
T1 - Shaping luminescent properties of Yb3+ and Ho3+ co-doped upconverting core-shell ß-NaYF4 nanoparticles by dopant distribution and spacing
N2 - At the core of luminescence color and lifetime Tuning of rare earth doped upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs), is the understanding of the Impact of the particle architecture for commonly used sensitizer (S) and activator (A) Ions. In this respect, a series of core@Shell NaYF4 UCNPs doped with Yb3+ and Ho3+ ions are presented here, where the same dopant concentrations are distributed in different particle architectures following the scheme: YbHo core and YbHo@..., ...@YbHo, Yb@Ho, Ho@Yb, YbHo@Yb, and Yb@YbHo core-Shell NPs. As refealed by quantitative steady-state and time-resolved luminescence studies, the relative spatial Distribution of the A and S ions in the UCNPs and their protection from surface quenching has a critical Impact on ther luminescence characteristics. Although the increased amount of Yb3+ Ions boosts UCNP Performance by amplifying the Absorption, the Yb3+ ions can also efficiently dissipate the energy stored in the material through energy Migration to the surface, thereby reducing the Overall energy Transfer Efficiency to the activator ions. The results provide yet another proof that UC Phosphor chemistry combined with materials Engineering through intentional core@shell structures may help to fine-tune the luminescence Features of UCNPs for their specific future applications in biosensing, bioimaging, photovoltaics, and Display technologies.
KW - Fluorescence
KW - Upconversion
KW - NIR
KW - Nonlinear
KW - Nanoparticle
KW - Surface chemistry
KW - Quantum yield
KW - Liftetime
KW - Nanocrystal
KW - Lanthanide
KW - Ho(III)
KW - Yb(III)
KW - Mechanism
KW - Absolute flourescence
KW - Excitation power density dependence
PY - 2017
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201701635
SN - 1613-6810
VL - 13
IS - 47
SP - 1701635, 1
EP - 13
PB - WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & co. KGaA
CY - Weinheim
AN - OPUS4-43629
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Mans, C.
A1 - Simons, C.
A1 - Hanning, S.
A1 - Janßen, A.
A1 - Alber, D.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Bühler, A.
A1 - Kreyenschmidt, M.
T1 - New polymeric candidate reference materials for XRF and LA-ICP-MS - development and preliminary characterization
N2 - A set of ten calibration materials based on acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer (ABS) containing the elements Br, Pb, Cd, Cr, and Hg was produced in order to control polymer samples in regard to the restriction on the use of certain hazardous substances (RoHS) directive. The materials were produced with respect to the special demands of X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in combination with laser ablation (LA-ICP-MS).
The mass fractions of all elements were 0-1500 mg/kg and the materials were produced as granulates and solid discs with a diameter of 40 mm and thicknesses of 1, 2, and 6 mm. It could be shown that the signals measured by XRF strongly depend on the thickness of polymeric samples.
Macroscopic homogeneity was assessed with XRF measuring a total of 180 samples. The microscopic homogeneities were determined for a material with average elemental mass fractions with the aid of synchrotron radiation (SR) µ-XRF and LA-ICP-MS. Sufficient macroscopic and microscopic homogeneities for all elements could be achieved. It was observed that organic additives show a better homogeneity than oxides.
XRF and LA-ICP-MS were successfully calibrated with the new materials. Limits of detection were in the range of 0.4-22 mg/kg for XRF and 2.3-26.8 mg/kg for LA-ICP-MS. The materials are considered as candidate reference materials (RM) by the Federal Institute of Materials Research and Testing (BAM, Germany).
KW - XRF
KW - LA.ICP-MS Plastics
KW - RoHS
KW - CRM
PY - 2009
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1120
SN - 0049-8246
VL - 38
IS - 1
SP - 52
EP - 57
PB - Wiley
CY - Chichester
AN - OPUS4-18681
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - INPR
A1 - Liu, Yanchen
A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Alippi, Paola
A1 - Lee, Kug-Seung
A1 - Jeon, Taeyeol
A1 - Weißer, Kilian
A1 - Karlsen, Martin A.
A1 - Russo, Patrícia A.
A1 - Pinna, Nicola
T1 - FeNb2O6 as a high-performance anode for sodium-ion batteries enabled by structural amorphization coupled with NbO6 local ordering.
N2 - Pseudocapacitance-type transition metal oxides have been extensively investigated as anodes materials for lithium-ion batteries. Currently, they are also emerging as promising anodes for sodium-ion batteries due to their low volume change and safety. However, the potential electrochemical performance in sodium energy storage is not fully achieved, primarily due to the larger radius of the Na+-ions. Here, we report for the first time an iron niobate with columbite structure as a high-performance sodium storage anode. The presence of iron in the structure is vital to trigger the loss of long-range order through disorder of the FeO6 octahedra local structure, subsequently allowing reversible Na storage in an amorphous phase. Simultaneously, the formation of short-range ordered zigzag-chain structures within the NbO6 planes creates a “skeleton” that offers abundant active sites for pseudocapacitive ion storage and enhanced ion diffusion pathways. These characteristics of FeNb2O6 make it an effective intercalation host, offering high capacity along with fast Na+ insertion and extraction, as demonstrated through operando and ex-situ characterizations. It leads to an applicable reversible capacity ( 300 mAh g-1) with a favorable average voltage of ca. 0.6 V and excellent rate capability (180.4 mAh g-1 at a current density of 2 A g-1). This study provides insights into the development of intrinsically active transition metal oxides for Na+-ion intercalation.
KW - XAS
KW - Sodium-Ion-Batteries
KW - In-situ
PY - 2025
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-631159
DO - https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv-2025-2gn7z
SP - 1
EP - 51
PB - American Chemical Society (ACS)
AN - OPUS4-63115
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Strüder, L.
A1 - Hartmann, R.
A1 - Holl, P.
A1 - Ihle, S.
A1 - Huth, M.
A1 - Schmidt, J.
A1 - Tham, Ch.
A1 - Kanngießer, B.
A1 - Baumann, J.
A1 - Renno, A.
A1 - Grenzer, J.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Abboud, A.
A1 - Pietsch, U.
A1 - Soltau, H.
T1 - High Speed, High Resolution imaging spectrometers based on pnCCDs for XRF and XRD applications
N2 - For many years pnCCDs have been well known as X-ray detectors for spectroscopic imaging in many fields of science: X-Ray Fluorescence analysis (XRF), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) with light sources in large accelerator facilities as well as with laboratory light sources or with X-rays from celestial sources in X-ray astronomy. A brief introduction in GEXRF (Grazing Emission XRF) measurements with a laboratory laser produced plasma source will be given, PIXE (Particle Induced X-ray Emission) measurements and D2XRF (Double Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence) and Slicing experiments with pnCCDs coupled to polycapillary optics performed at the BESSY synchrotron will be shown. Energy-dispersive Laue diffraction with ultra-hard X-rays for the analysis of defects in metals will conclude the overview of spectroscopic X-ray imaging measurements in the field of structure and dynamics of matter.
KW - PnCCD
KW - Synchrotron
KW - XRF
PY - 2016
DO - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927616001355
VL - 22
IS - S3
SP - 100
EP - 101
AN - OPUS4-38884
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Reiche, I.
A1 - Muller, K.
A1 - Alberic, M.
A1 - Scharf, O.
A1 - Wahning, A.
A1 - Bjeoumikhov, A.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Simon, R.
T1 - Discovering vanished paints and naturally formed gold nanoparticles on 2800 years old Phoenician ivories using SR-FF-microXRF with the color X-ray camera
N2 - Phoenician ivory objects (8th century B.C., Syria) from the collections of the Badisches Landesmuseum, Karlsruhe, Germany, have been studied with full field X-ray fluorescence microimaging, using synchrotron radiation (SR-FF-microXRF). The innovative Color X-ray Camera (CXC), a full-field detection device (SLcam), was used at the X-ray fluorescence beamline of the ANKA synchrotron facility (ANKA-FLUO, KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany) to noninvasively study trace metal distributions at the surface of the archeological ivory objects. The outstanding strength of the imaging technique with the CXC is the capability to record the full XRF spectrum with a spatial resolution of 48 µm on a zone of a size of 11.9 × 12.3 mm² (264 × 264 pixels). For each analyzed region, 69696 spectra were simultaneously recorded. The principal elements detected are P, Ca, and Sr, coming from the ivory material itself; Cu, characteristic of pigments; Fe and Pb, representing sediments or pigments; Mn, revealing deposited soil minerals; Ti, indicating restoration processes or correlated with Fe sediment traces; and Au, linked to a former gilding. This provides essential information for the assessment of the original appearance of the ivory carvings. The determined elemental maps specific of possible pigments are superimposed on one another to visualize their respective distributions and reconstruct the original polychromy and gilding. Reliable hypotheses for the reconstruction of the original polychromy of the carved ivories are postulated on this basis.
KW - SR-FF-microXRF
KW - Elemental imaging
KW - Ivory
KW - Paints
KW - Au NPs
KW - Egyptian blue
KW - Fe
PY - 2013
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/ac4006167
SN - 0003-2700
SN - 1520-6882
VL - 85
IS - 12
SP - 5857
EP - 5866
PB - American Chemical Society
CY - Washington, DC
AN - OPUS4-30222
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Pogány, A.
A1 - Balslev-Harder, D.
A1 - Braban, Ch. F.
A1 - Cassidy, N.
A1 - Ebert, V.
A1 - Ferracci, V.
A1 - Hieta, T.
A1 - Leuenberger, D.
A1 - Martin, N. A.
A1 - Pascale, C.
A1 - Peltola, J.
A1 - Persijn, S.
A1 - Tiebe, Carlo
A1 - Twigg, M. M.
A1 - Vaittinen, Olavi
A1 - van Wijk, J.
A1 - Wirtz, K.
A1 - Niederhauser, B.
T1 - A metrological approach to improve accuracy and reliability of ammonia measurements in ambient air
N2 - The environmental impacts of ammonia (NH3) in ambient air have become more evident in the recent decades, leading to intensifying research in this field. A number of novel analytical techniques and monitoring instruments have been developed, and the quality and availability of reference gas mixtures used for the calibration of measuring instruments has also increased significantly. However, recent inter-comparison measurements show significant discrepancies, indicating that the majority of the newly developed devices and reference materials require further thorough validation. There is a clear need for more intensive metrological research focusing on quality assurance, intercomparability and validations. MetNH3 (Metrology for ammonia in ambient air) is a three-year project within the framework of the European Metrology Research Programme (EMRP), which aims to bring metrological traceability to ambient ammonia measurements in the 0.5–500 nmol mol−1 amount fraction range. This is addressed by working in three areas: (1) improving accuracy and stability of static and dynamic reference gas mixtures, (2) developing an optical transfer standard and (3) establishing the link between high-accuracy metrological standards and field measurements. In this article we describe the concept, aims and first results of the project.
KW - Ammonia in ambient air
KW - Traceability
KW - Reference gas standards
KW - Optical transfer standard
KW - Validation and testing infrastructure
PY - 2016
DO - https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/27/11/115012
SN - 0957-0233
VL - 27
IS - 11
SP - 115012
EP - 115026
PB - IOP Publishing Ltd.
AN - OPUS4-39130
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Aldrabee, A.
A1 - Wriekat, A.
A1 - Abu Saleem, K.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
T1 - Non-destructive SR-XRF analysis of ancient Mamluk-Ayyubid glazed pottery fragments from Karak Castle, Jordan
N2 - Sixteen Ayyubid-Mamluk glazed pottery sherds were analyzed in order to identify and characterize the elemental composition to determine their provenance. The tested sherds were collected from the historical site of Karak Castle, southern Jordan.
Chemical analysis for the sixteen samples has been carried out using Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (SR-XRF) Technique. Furthermore, the semiquantitative analysis of the elements Fe – Cu – Zn – Br – Rb – Sr – Y – Zr – Nb – Mo – Pd – Ag – Cd and Pb has been performed for the samples based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and hierarchical Cluster Analysis with Bray-Curtis in order to define grouping of different glazed pottery by obtaining information on their similarity and clustering. The results of chemical analysis provided persuasive evidence that the Karak Castle pottery sherds have at least three different sources of provenance.
KW - BAMline
KW - Karak Castle
KW - Synchrotron
KW - XRF
PY - 2015
VL - 8
IS - 3
SP - 157
EP - 163
AN - OPUS4-43489
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Rauwolf, M.
A1 - Turyanskaya, A.
A1 - Roschger, A.
A1 - Prost, J.
A1 - Simon, R.
A1 - Scharf, O.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Schoonjans, Tom
A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana
A1 - Klaushofer, K.
A1 - Wobrauschek, P.
A1 - Hofstaetter, J. G.
A1 - Roschger, P.
A1 - Streli, C.
T1 - Synchrotron radiation micro X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy of thin structures in bone samples: comparison of confocal and color X-ray camera setups
N2 - In the quest for finding the ideal synchrotron-radiation-induced imaging method for the investigation of trace element distributions in human bone samples, experiments were performed using both a scanning confocal synchrotron radiation micro X-ray fluorescence (SR-mXRF) (FLUO beamline at ANKA) setup and a full-field color X-ray camera (BAMline at BESSY-II) setup. As zinc is a trace element of special interest in bone, the setups were optimized for its detection. The setups were compared with respect to count rate, required measurement time and spatial resolution. It was demonstrated that the ideal method depends on the element of interest. Although for Ca (a major constituent of the bone with a low energy of 3.69 keV for its K alpha XRF line) the color X-ray camera provided a higher resolution in the plane, for Zn (a trace element in bone) only the confocal SR-µXRF setup was able to sufficiently image the distribution.
KW - Synchrotron
KW - BAMline
KW - BESSY
KW - XRF
KW - X-ray Color Camera
PY - 2017
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-391944
DO - https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577516017057
SN - 1600-5775
VL - 24
SP - 307
EP - 311
PB - International Union of Crystallography
AN - OPUS4-39194
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - INPR
A1 - Nowak, S. H.
A1 - Petric, M.
A1 - Buchriegler, J.
A1 - Bjeoumikhov, A.
A1 - Bjeoumikhova, Z.
A1 - von Borany, J.
A1 - Munnik, F.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Renno, A. D.
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Scharf, O.
A1 - Tilgner, J.
A1 - Wedell, R.
T1 - Road to micron resolution with a color X-ray camera - Polycapillary optics characterization
N2 - In a color X-ray camera spatial resolution is achieved by means of a polycapillary optic conducting X-ray photons from small regions on a sample to distinct energy dispersive pixels on a CCD matrix. At present, the resolution limit of color X-ray camera systems can go down to several microns and is mainly restricted by Pixel dimensions. The recent development of an efficient subpixel resolution algorithm allows a release from pixel size, limiting the resolution only to the quality of theoptics. In this work polycapillary properties that influence the spatial resolution are systematized and assessed both theoretically and experimentally. It is demonstrated that with the current technological Level reaching one micron resolution is challenging, but possible.
KW - Color X-ray camera
KW - Polycapillary optics
PY - 2017
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-404404
DO - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1705.08939
SN - 2331-8422
SP - 1
EP - 11
PB - Cornell University
CY - Ithaca, NY
AN - OPUS4-40440
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Steglich, Patrick
A1 - Paul, Martin
A1 - Mai, C.
A1 - Böhme, A.
A1 - Bondarenko, S.
A1 - Weller, Michael G.
A1 - Mai, A.
T1 - A monolithically integrated microfluidic channel in a silicon-based photonic-integrated-circuit technology for biochemical sensing
N2 - In this work, a cost-effective optofluidic system is proposed and preliminary experimental results are presented. A microfluidic channel monolithically integrated into a photonic integrated circuit technology is used in conjunction with a cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) substrate to provide fluidic in- and output ports. We report on initial experimental results as well as on the simple and cost-effective fabrication of this optofluidic system by means of micro-milling.
KW - Biosensors
KW - Biophotonics
KW - Optical sensors
KW - Photonic sensors
KW - Ring resonators
KW - Silicon photonics
KW - Lab-on-a-chip
KW - Microfluidics
KW - Chip
KW - Biochip
PY - 2021
DO - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2588791
VL - 11772
SP - 1
EP - 5
PB - SPIE
AN - OPUS4-53559
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Gabitov, R.I.
A1 - Schmitt, A.K.
A1 - Rosner, Martin
A1 - McKeegan, K.D.
A1 - Gaetani, G.A.
A1 - Cohen, A.L.
A1 - Watson, E.B.
A1 - Harrison, T.M.
T1 - In situ delta7Li, Li/Ca, and Mg/Ca analyses of synthetic aragonites
N2 - In situ secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) analyses of δ7Li, Li/Ca, and Mg/Ca were performed on five synthetic aragonite samples precipitated from seawater at 25°C at different rates. The compositions of δ7Li in bulk aragonites and experimental fluids were measured by multicollector inductively coupled plasmamass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS). Both techniques yielded similar δ7Li in aragonite when SIMS analyses were corrected to calcium carbonate reference materials. Fractionation factors α7Li/6Li range from 0.9895 to 0.9923, which translates to a fractionation between aragonite and fluid from -10.5‰ to -7.7‰. The within-sample δ7Li range determined by SIMS is up to 27‰, exceeding the difference between bulk δ7Li analyses of different aragonite precipitates. Moreover, the centers of aragonite hemispherical bundles (spherulites) are enriched in Li/Ca and Mg/Ca relative to spherulite fibers by up to factors of 2 and 8, respectively. The Li/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios of spherulite fibers increase with aragonite precipitation rate. These results suggest that precipitation rate is a potentially important consideration when using Li isotopes and elemental ratios in natural carbonates as a proxy for seawater composition and temperature.
KW - Lithium
KW - Isotope
KW - Aragonite
KW - Rate
KW - SIMS
KW - Magnesium
PY - 2011
DO - https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GC003322
SN - 1525-2027
VL - 12
IS - 3 (Technical Brief)
SP - 1
EP - 16
CY - Washington, DC, USA
AN - OPUS4-23312
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Chan, George C.-Y.
A1 - Hieftje, Gary M.
A1 - Omenetto, Nicoló
A1 - Axner, Ove
A1 - Bengtson, Arne
A1 - Bings, Nicolas H.
A1 - Blades, Michael W.
A1 - Bogaerts, Annemie
A1 - Bolshov, Mikhail A.
A1 - Broekaert, José A.C.
A1 - Chan, WingTat
A1 - Costa-Fernández, José M.
A1 - Crouch, Stanley R.
A1 - De Giacomo, Alessandro
A1 - D’Ulivo, Alessandro
A1 - Engelhard, Carsten
A1 - Falk, Heinz
A1 - Farnsworth, Paul B.
A1 - Florek, Stefan
A1 - Gamez, Gerardo
A1 - Gornushkin, Igor B.
A1 - Günther, Detlef
A1 - Hahn, David W.
A1 - Hang, Wei
A1 - Hoffmann, Volker
A1 - Jakubowski, Norbert
A1 - Karanassios, Vassili
A1 - Koppenaal, David W.
A1 - Kenneth Marcus, R.
A1 - Noll, Reinhard
A1 - Olesik, John W.
A1 - Palleschi, Vincenzo
A1 - Panne, Ulrich
A1 - Pisonero, Jorge
A1 - Ray, Steven J.
A1 - Resano, Martín
A1 - Russo, Richard E.
A1 - Scheeline, Alexander
A1 - Smith, Benjamin W.
A1 - Sturgeon, Ralph E.
A1 - Todolí, José-Luis
A1 - Tognoni, Elisabetta
A1 - Vanhaecke, Frank
A1 - Webb, Michael R.
A1 - Winefordner, James D.
A1 - Yang, Lu
A1 - Yu, Jin
A1 - Zhang, Zhanxia
T1 - Landmark Publications in Analytical Atomic Spectrometry: Fundamentals and
Instrumentation Development
N2 - The almost-two-centuries history of spectrochemical analysis has generated a body of literature so vast that it has become nearly intractable for experts, much less for those wishing to enter the field. Authoritative, focused reviews help to address this problem but become so granular that the overall directions of the field are lost. This broader perspective can be provided partially by general overviews but then the thinking, experimental details, theoretical underpinnings and instrumental innovations of the original work must be sacrificed. In the present compilation, this dilemma is overcome by assembling the most impactful publications in the area of analytical atomic spectrometry. Each entry was proposed by at least one current expert in the field and supported by a narrative that justifies its inclusion. The entries were then assembled into a coherent sequence and returned to contributors for a round-robin review.
KW - Analytical atomic spectrometry
KW - Spectroscopy
KW - Instrumental analysis
PY - 2024
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-621588
DO - https://doi.org/10.1177/00037028241263567
SN - 1943-3530
VL - 78
SP - 1
EP - 456
PB - Sage
CY - London
AN - OPUS4-62158
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Williams, S. H.
A1 - Hilger, A.
A1 - Kardjilov, N.
A1 - Manke, I.
A1 - Strobl, M.
A1 - Douissard, P.A.
A1 - Martin, T.
A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich
A1 - Banhart, J.
T1 - Detection system for microimaging with neutrons
N2 - A new high-resolution detector setup for neutron imaging has been developed based on infinity-corrected optics with high light collection, combined with customized mounting hardware. The system can easily be installed, handled and fitted to any existing facility, avoiding the necessity of complex optical systems or further improved electronics (CCD). This is the first time optical magnification higher than 1:1 has been used with scintillator-based neutron detectors, as well as the first implementation of infinity corrected optics for neutron imaging, achieving the smallest yet reported effective pixel size of 3.375 µm. A novel transparent crystal scintillator (GGG crystal) has been implemented with neutrons for the first time to overcome limitations of traditional powder scintillators (Li6/ZnS, Gadox). The standardized procedure for resolution measurements with the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) is summarized to facilitate comparison between instruments and facilities. Using this new detector setup, a resolution of 14.8 µm with a field of view of 6 mm × 6 mm has been achieved while maintaining reasonable count times. These advances open a wide range of new possible research applications and allow the potential for additional future developments.
KW - Instrumentation for neutron sources
KW - Neutron radiography
KW - Neutron detectors (cold, thermal, fast neutrons)
PY - 2012
DO - https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/7/02/P02014
SN - 1748-0221
VL - 7
IS - P02014
SP - 1
EP - 26
PB - Inst. of Physics Publ.
CY - London
AN - OPUS4-26433
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Fittschen, U.E.A.
A1 - Möckel, R.
A1 - Schreiner, M.
A1 - klinger, M.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Meyer, B.
A1 - Guhl, S.
A1 - Renno, A.
A1 - Godinho, J.
A1 - Gloaguen, R.
A1 - Gutzmer, J.
T1 - Bundling analytical capacities to understand phase formation in recycling of functional materials
N2 - Transitioning from combustion engine-driven transportation to e-mobility demands a paradigm shift – from a system geared to maximize energy efficiency (i.e. fuel consumption) to a system that may be constrained by the availability of high technology (critical) metals required for electrical energy storage systems and drives. In the wake of these developments efforts in securing new resources of these metals from recycling of end-of-life products are increasing steadily.
Recycling of Li-Ion batteries has recently been evaluated. The results pinpoint to a critical need for understanding slag Formation and its dependence on metal components like Mn under extreme conditions. This will allow researchers to predict optimal Operation setting and to react quickly to changing market demands (which may be Li or Co at one point but may also shift to Ni or rare earth elements (REE)). The long-term goal is to control the formation of specific phases in slags allowing for a Maximum yield of elements of interest and optimal recovery in the separation processes that follows. The combination of data on the physical micro structure and local chemistry of the multi-Phase products during and after processing will help to understand and derive thermodynamic and kinetic data on its formation.
In this paper we are giving an overview on the analytical challenges and approaches to provide robust data on local element concentration and species (especially Mn which is a common component of next generation Li-ion batteries cathodes), spanning the dimensions from the nanometer scale to the bulk material. The complementary interactions of X-rays and electrons make them ideal probes to collect Interface and “in-depth” information. Before- and -after studies as well as in situ structural changes and Phase (trans)formation, changes in elemental and elemental species (e.g. oxidation state) distribution may be tracked by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence microscopy and X-ray Absorption spectroscopy. The application of such advanced analytical tools will not only provide essential clues during early lab-based experiments towards the development of new recycling technologies, but may also be deployed for on-line and in-line monitoring of industrial processes.
KW - Synchrotron
KW - XANES
KW - Slags
KW - Battery
PY - 2019
DO - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.959.183
SN - 1662-9752
VL - 959
SP - 183
EP - 190
PB - Trans Tech Publ.
AN - OPUS4-48900
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Nowak, S.H.
A1 - Bjeoumikhov, A.
A1 - Von Borany, J.
A1 - Buchriegler, J.
A1 - Munnik, F.
A1 - Petric, M.
A1 - Renno, A.D.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Scharf, O.
A1 - Strüder, L.
A1 - Wedell, R.
A1 - Ziegenrücker, R.
T1 - Examples of XRF and PIXE imaging with few microns resolution using SLcam® a color X-ray camera
N2 - We present results of recent development of the color X-ray camera, type SLcam®, allowing detection of X-ray images with few microns resolution. Such spectral resolution is achieved with the use of high-quality polycapillary optics combined with sub-pixel resolution. Imaging of Siemens star resolution test chart reveals that the resolution limit of SLcam® can go down to nearly 5µm. Several real sample examples of measurements carried out at the laboratory, synchrotron, and particle-induced X-ray emission beamlines are shown. This is the first time SLcam® is used as particle-induced X-ray emission detector.
KW - X-ray
KW - Color X-ray camera
KW - CXC
KW - Synchrotron radiation
KW - BESSY
KW - BAMline
PY - 2015
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/xrs.2590
SN - 0049-8246
VL - 44
IS - 3
SP - 135
EP - 140
PB - Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CY - Chichester
AN - OPUS4-33170
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Nowak, S.H.
A1 - Bjeoumikhov, A.
A1 - Von Borany, J.
A1 - Buchriegler, J.
A1 - Munnik, F.
A1 - Petric, M.
A1 - Radtke, Martin
A1 - Renno, A.D.
A1 - Reinholz, Uwe
A1 - Scharf, O.
A1 - Wedell, R.
T1 - Sub-pixel resolution with a color X-ray camera
N2 - The color X-ray camera SLcam® is a full-field, single photon detector providing scanning-free, energy and spatially resolved X-ray imaging. Spatial resolution is achieved with the use of polycapillary optics guiding X-ray photons from small regions on a sample to distinct energy dispersive pixels on a charged-coupled device detector. Applying sub-pixel resolution, signals from individual capillary channels can be distinguished. Therefore, the SLcam® spatial resolution, which is normally limited to the pixel size of the charge-coupled device, can be improved to the size of individual polycapillary channels. In this work a new approach to a sub-pixel resolution algorithm comprising photon events also from the pixel centers is proposed. The details of the employed numerical method and several sub-pixel resolution examples are presented and discussed.
KW - Color X-ray camera
KW - Sub pixel analysis
PY - 2015
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-334948
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ja00028a
SN - 0267-9477
SN - 1364-5544
SP - 1890
EP - 1897
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry
CY - London
AN - OPUS4-33494
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Babutzka, Martin
A1 - Heyn, A.
ED - Lampke, T.
ED - Wagner, G.
ED - Wagner, M.F.-X.
T1 - Korrosionsuntersuchungen mit gelartigen Elektrolyten
N2 - Bei elektrochemischen Untersuchungen von atmosphärischen Korrosionsreaktionen an deckschicht- und passivschichtbildenden Werkstoffen stößt man elektrolytseitig an Grenzen. So erweisen sich sowohl das Nachempfinden eines dünnen Feuchtfilms als auch die Interpretation von elektrochemischen Messungen in so genannten Bulk-Lösungen (eine „Masse“ an Elektrolyt) hinsichtlich des Korrosionsverhaltens unter atmosphärischen Bedingungen häufig als schwierig. Eine neue Herangehensweise an diese Problemstellung in der Korrosionsforschung beinhaltet den Einsatz von gelartigen Elektrolyten als Alternative zu den Bulk-Elektrolyten. Gelartige Elektrolyte bilden einen dünnen Feuchtfilm auf der Werkstoffoberfläche aus, wodurch die natürlich gebildete Deckschicht ähnlich wie an Atmosphäre beeinflusst wird und nahezu zerstörungsfrei untersucht werden kann. Durch eine elektrochemische Instrumentierung können geeignete Kennwerte wie Polarisationswiderstände und Korrosionsströme ermittelt werden, die Aussagen zur Kinetik der Deckschichtbildung und zur Stabilität der gebildeten Deckschichten unter Einwirkung eines dünnen Feuchtfilms ermöglichen.
Anhand von auf Polysaccharid basierenden Gelpads werden im vorliegenden Beitrag verschiedene Zinkschichtsysteme und Aluminiumlegierungen untersucht, die natürlich gebildeten Deckschichten elektrochemisch charakterisiert und korrosionsrelevante Kennwerte bestimmt. Die ermittelten Kennwerte erlauben eine Differenzierung verschiedener Schichtsysteme und beschreiben die momentane Schutzwirkung der Deckschichten unter atmosphärischen Bedingungen.
T2 - 18. Werkstofftechnisches Kolloquium der TU Chemnitz
CY - Chemnitz, Germany
DA - 10.03.2016
KW - Korrosionsuntersuchungen
KW - Corrosion investigations
KW - Verzinkungen
KW - Zing coatings
KW - gelartige Elektrolyte
KW - Gel-type electrolytes
PY - 2016
SN - 978-3-00-052212-3
SN - 1439-1597
VL - 59
SP - 313
EP - 323
PB - TU Chemnitz, Fakultät für Maschinenbau, Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik
CY - Chemnitz
AN - OPUS4-35637
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Wiggenhauser, Herbert
A1 - Kind, Thomas
A1 - Krause, Martin
A1 - Schulze, S.
A1 - Taffe, A.
A1 - Trela, Christiane
A1 - Wöstmann, Jens
T1 - Praktische Anwendung zerstörungsfreier Prüfverfahren an Brücken
N2 - Die drei Beispiele zerstörungsfreier Prüfungen an Spannbetonbrücken zeigen unterschiedliche Problemstellungen und deren Lösung mit unterschiedlichen Ansätzen.
Allen drei Beispielen gemeinsam ist die Verwendung kommerzieller Geräte. Diese werden von verschiedenen Anbietern bereitgestellt. Eine weitere Gemeinsamkeit ist, dass die Grundgeräte durch zusätzliche Maßnahmen ergänzt. Erst dann ist der gewünschte Untersuchungserfolg sicher gestellt.
Im ersten Beispiel wurde die vom Auftraggeber geforderte Präzision dadurch erreicht, dass systematische Voruntersuchungen stattfanden. Die Übertragung der Lokalisierung direkt auf die Betonoberfläche stellte sicher, dass keinen Informationsverluste an die nachfolgenden Aufgaben auftraten.
Das zweite Beispiel zeigt den Nutzen von Automatisierung und Kombination von Verfahren. Damit können dem Auftraggeber die notwendigen Angaben über Einbauteile mit großer Detaitreue und leicht verständlicher Visualisierung aufbereitet werden. Der abschließende Bericht zeigt, wie vorhandene Auswertungen sinnvoll durch noch in der Forschung befindliche Ansätze bereichert werden.
Insgesamt ist die zerstörungsfreie Prüfung in der Lage, an Brücken preisrelevante Fragestellungen zu lösen. Voraussetzung hierfür ist eine sorgfältig geplante Vorgehensweise und ein sicheres Verständnis der Grundlage der eingesetzten Geräte und Auswertungsschritte.
T2 - 1. Brückenkolloquium - Beurteilung, Ertüchtigung und Instandsetzung von Brücken
CY - Ostfildern/Stuttgart, Germany
DA - 24.06.2014
PY - 2014
SP - Paper 00_08, 1
EP - 8
AN - OPUS4-31032
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Krause, Martin
A1 - Kurz, J.H.
A1 - Lanata, F.
A1 - Krstevska, L.
A1 - Cavalli, A.
T1 - Needs for further developing monitoring- and NDT-methods for timber structures
N2 - For the assessmentand for monitoring of timber structures there are numerous promising methods that enable the quantitative description of the current condition of construction elements or parts of a structure. This concerns material properties like modulus of elasticity, moisture content and density as well as structural properties like dynamic characteristics, localization of inhomogeneities, cracks, and biological attack. During the work in COST Action FP 1101, since 2012 the capability of experimental methods are discussed and compared. This covers electrical and electromagnetic wave methods (resistivity, microwave, Radar, X-Ray), elastic waves (ultrasound, pile testing) and mechanical testing (static and dynamic). Describing and collecting the use of the experimental methods for monitoring purposes was the objective of working group 3 "Monitoring of Timber Structures" of the COST Action. Monitoring capabilities will extend the use of timber structures to further applications in civil engineering. So far, no standard exists but collections of application examples and review papers representing the state of the art. From there needs for further developments regarding monitoring and NDT methods for timber structures can be identified and these are described in this paper.
T2 - SHATIS 2015 - 3rd International conference on structural health assessment of timber structures
CY - Wroclaw, Poland
DA - 09.09.2015
KW - Holz Konstruktionen
KW - Monitoring
KW - Langzeitverhalten
KW - Erdbebensicherheit
KW - Historische Bauwerke
KW - Ultrasonic echo imaging
KW - Historical timber structures
KW - Seismic investigation
KW - Dynamic tests
KW - Anisotropic wave propagation
KW - Extending service life
PY - 2015
VL - 1
SP - 1
EP - 12
AN - OPUS4-35178
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Günther, Martin
A1 - Lorenzetti, A.
A1 - Schartel, Bernhard
T1 - From Cells to Residues: Flame-Retarded Rigid Polyurethane Foams
N2 - Rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) exhibit short times to ignition as well as rapid flame spread and are therefore considered to be hazardous materials. This paper focuses on the fire phenomena of RPUFs, which were investigated through a multimethodological approach. Water-blown polyurethane (PUR) foams without flame retardants (FRs) as well as waterblown PUR foams containing triethyl phosphate as a gas phase-active FR were examined. The aim of this study is to clarify the influence of the FR on the fire phenomena during combustion of the foams. Additionally, materials’ densitieswere varied to range from 30 to 100 kg/m3. Thermophysical properties were studied bymeans of thermogravimetry; fire behavior and flammability were investigated via cone calorimeter and limiting Oxygen index, respectively. During the cone calorimeter test, the temperature development inside the burning specimens was monitored with thermocouples, and cross sections of quenched specimens were examined visually, giving insight into the morphological changes during combustion.
The present paper delivers a comprehensive study, illuminating phenomena occurring during foam combustion and the influence of a FR active in the gas phase. The superior fire performance of flameretarded PUR foams was found to be based on flame inhibition, and on increased char yield leading to a more effective protective layer. It was proven that in-depth absorption of radiation is a significant factor for estimation of time to ignition. Cross sections investigated with the electron scanning microscope exhibited a pyrolysis front with an intact foam structure underneath. The measurement of temperature development inside burning specimens implied a shift of burning behavior towards that of non-cellular materials with rising foam density.
KW - Polyurethane
KW - Rigid foams
KW - Fire behavior
PY - 2020
DO - https://doi.org/10.1080/00102202.2019.1634060
SN - 0010-2202
SN - 1563-521X
VL - 192
IS - 12
SP - 2209
EP - 2237
PB - Taylor & Francis
AN - OPUS4-51483
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Wu, W.
A1 - Wei, A.
A1 - Huang, W.
A1 - Zhao, Peng
A1 - Schmidt, Martin
A1 - Krause, Ulrich
A1 - Wu, Dejian
T1 - Experimental and theoretical study on the inhibition effect of CO2/N2 blends on the ignition behavior of carbonaceous dust clouds
N2 - Gaseous inhibitors are used in many industries for the explosion prevention of combustible dusts, mitigating the potential hazard to humans, properties and environments. This work experimentally and theoretically studied the inerting effect of gaseous inhibitors on the ignition process of dust clouds in O2/N2/CO2 atmospheres, with an emphasis on the role of the CO2/N2 ratio. 10 different combustible carbonaceous dusts were selected, including grain dust, biomass dust and coal dust. Experimental results showed that the inhibition effect of CO2/N2 is closely related to the ignition mechanism of dust clouds. Specifically, a higher ratio of CO2/N2 yields a stronger inhibition effect on the ignition process of dust samples with relatively low volatile matter contents predominated by heterogeneous ignition. In addition, two novel steady-state ignition mechanism models were developed to interpret the experimental observations. Maxwell-Stefan equations were used to describe the diffusivity in the ternary O2/N2/CO2 gas mixtures. The analytical results were in good agreement with the experimental data of the minimum ignition temperature of dust cloud (MITC) in oxygen-lean atmospheres. The mechanism modelling can be used to estimate the critical ignition temperature of all carbonaceous dust clouds with a wide range of volatile matter content under different inert atmospheres, which will provide a reference for the explosion hazard assessment of dust posed by a hot surface in the process industries.
KW - CO2/N2 ratio
KW - Inerting effect
KW - Volatile matter content
KW - MITC
KW - Mechanism model
PY - 2021
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2021.07.005
SN - 0957-5820
VL - 153
SP - 1
EP - 10
PB - Elsevier B.V.
AN - OPUS4-53662
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Wu, Dejian
A1 - Tan, X.
A1 - Wei, A.
A1 - Duan, Q.
A1 - Huang, W.
A1 - Schmidt, Martin
T1 - Ignition temperature and mechanism of carbonaceous dust clouds: The roles of volatile matter, CH4 addition, O2 mole fraction and diluent gas
N2 - Minimum ignition temperature of dust clouds (MITC) was studied experimentally and theoretically in different atmospheres. Three carbonaceous dusts were tested in both air and O2/CO2 atmospheres with CH4 mole fraction from 0 to 2%. Results showed that the ignition risk of the three dusts significantly increases (decrease of MITC by ~100 ℃) with increasing XO2 from 21% to 50%, but significantly decreases replacing N2 in air with CO2. The inhibition effect of CO2 on MITCs could be diminished by increasing XO2 or adding CH4. The addition of small amount of CH4 has different effects on the MITCs of different dust samples, following the opposite order of volatile matter content: anthracite>bituminous coal>starch. Two modified steady-state ignition models, considering the density of mixture gas and dust cloud, XO2 and its diffusivity, were developed to interpret the experimental observations. The analysis revealed that the global heterogeneous ignition model suits well for the hybrid mixtures of anthracite or bituminous coal dusts. In contrast, the proposed global homogeneous ignition model was found to be only valid for the pure starch dust, and the extra CH4 addition could strongly affect the ignition process of starch, particularly in O2/CO2 atmospheres with higher XO2.
KW - Dust explosions
KW - Gas explosions
KW - Minimum ignition temperature
KW - Hybrid mixtures
PY - 2021
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124189
SN - 0304-3894
SN - 1873-3336
VL - 405
SP - 1
EP - 10
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
AN - OPUS4-53838
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Vigna, L.
A1 - Gottschalk, Martin
A1 - Cacocciola, N.
A1 - Verna, A.
A1 - Marasso, S. L.
A1 - Seeger, Stefan
A1 - Pirri, C.F.
A1 - Cocuzza, M.
T1 - Flexible and reusable parylene C mask technology for applications in cascade impactor air quality monitoring systems
N2 - The development of traceable new methodologies to quantify elemental air pollutants in particulate matter (PM) supports modernization of methods used in air quality monitoring networks in Europe. In the framework of the EURAMET EMPIR AEROMET II project, the combination of cascade impactor aerosol sampling and total reflection X-ray fluorescence elemental spectroscopy (TXRF) was investigated. This technique requires a traceable calibration based on reference samples. This paper describes a new, simple and effective method to produce such reference samples using flexible, reusable, and low-cost parylene C shadow masks, fabricated by photolithographic steps. These shadow masks can be used to produce reference samples that mimic the Dekati cascade impactor’s deposition patterns by applying as-prepared micro stencils to 30 mm acrylic substrates and evaporating a reference material (Ti) in arrangements of thin circular dots. The highly flexible direct patterning of acrylic discs with reference material, otherwise impossible with conventional photolithography, allows multiple reusing of the same micro stencils. The aspect ratios of the dots could be repeated with an error less than 4 %. A first set of standard reference samples for the 13 stages of the Dekati cascade impactor was produced and preliminary TXRF measurements of the deposited Ti masses were performed. The centricity of the deposition patterns turned out to be an important parameter for the quality of the TXRF results. The parylene mask technology for the production of reference samples turns out to be a promising new approach for the traceable calibration of TXRF spectrometers for the quantification of element concentrations in environmental aerosol samples but, due to its great versatility, it could be used for several other micropatterning applications on conventional and unconventional substrates.
KW - AEROMET II
KW - Aerosol
KW - Parylene C
KW - Reference samples
KW - Flexible shadow masks
KW - Cascade impactor
KW - Air quality monitoring
KW - Micropatterning
KW - Mask fabrication
KW - Elemental aerosol analysis
KW - TXRF
PY - 2022
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mne.2022.100108
SN - 2590-0072
VL - 14
SP - 1
EP - 19
PB - Elsevier B.V.
CY - Amsterdam
AN - OPUS4-54252
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Wu, Dejian
A1 - Schmidt, Martin
A1 - Huang, W.
A1 - Wei, A.
A1 - Krause, U.
A1 - Wu, W.
T1 - Inhibition effect of N2/CO2 blends on the minimum explosion concentration of agriculture and coal dusts
N2 - Minimum explosion concentration (MEC) of three agriculture dusts and two coal dusts was studied via a 20-L explosion chamber to reveal the role of gaseous inhibitors. Both active method (CO2 diluting air) and passive method (CO2 replacing O2) were used. The TG and DTG thermal analysis tests were conducted to study the pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of dust samples. An alternative explosion criterion based on combustion duration time was used to determine MEC, and compared with the standardized overpressure method. Under 10-kJ ignition condition, as oxygen mole fraction (XO2) decreased from 21% to 10%, MEC of agriculture dusts and coal dusts respectively increased by around 5 times and 2 times. The active inerting method with a lower N2/CO2 ratio was found to have a better suppression effect on the explosion of the five carbonaceous dusts because the blend has a higher specific heat and a lower oxygen diffusion rate.
KW - CO2/N2 ratio
KW - Explosion criterion
KW - Combustion kinetics
KW - Inerting effect
KW - Explosion characteristics
PY - 2022
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2022.117195
SN - 0032-5910
VL - 399
SP - 1
EP - 12
PB - Elsevier B.V.
AN - OPUS4-55013
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Wilrich, Cordula
A1 - Schröder, Volkmar
A1 - Brandes, E.
A1 - Schmidt, Martin
A1 - Wandrey, Peter-Andreas
A1 - Mix, K.-H.
A1 - Wehrstedt, Klaus-Dieter
A1 - Bender, H.
A1 - Stephan, U.
A1 - Eberz, A.
A1 - Steinbach, J.
A1 - Stoessel, F.
T1 - Plant and process safety - 2. Hazardous materials and process conditions
N2 - "Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry" is the benchmark reference in chemistry and chemical and life science engineering, covering inorganic and organic chemicals, advanced materials, pharmaceuticals, polymers and plastics, metals and alloys, biotechnology and biotechnological products, food chemistry, process engineering and unit operations, analytical methods, environmental protection, and much more.
The present article is part of the topic collection "Environmental Protection and Industrial Safety". It covers plant and process safety, focusing on hazardous materials and process conditions.
KW - Flammable gases and vapors
KW - Combustibility of liquids
KW - Dust explosions
KW - Explosive condensed substances
KW - Harmful effects of substances
KW - Exothermic and pressure-inducing chemical reactions
PY - 2012
SN - 978-3-527-30673-2
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/14356007.q20_q01
SP - 1
EP - 50
PB - Wiley-VCH
CY - Weinheim
AN - OPUS4-58108
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lenz, J. U.
A1 - Pospiech, D.
A1 - Komber, H.
A1 - Korwitz, A.
A1 - Kobsch, O.
A1 - Paven, M.
A1 - Albach, R. W.
A1 - Günther, Martin
A1 - Schartel, Bernhard
T1 - Effective halogen-free flame-retardant additives for crosslinked rigid polyisocyanurate foams: Comparison of chemical structures
N2 - The impact of phosphorus-containing flame retardants (FR) on rigid polyisocyanurate (PIR) foams is studied by systematic variation of the chemical structure of the FR, including non-NCO-reactive and NCO-reactive dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepine 6-oxide (BPPO)- and 9,10 dihydro-9-oxa-10 phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO)-containing compounds, among them a number of compounds not reported so far. These PIR foams are compared with PIR foams without FR and with standard FRs with respect to foam properties, thermal decomposition, and fire behavior. Although BPPO and DOPO differ by just one oxygen atom, the impact on the FR properties is very significant: when the FR is a filler or a dangling (dead) end in the PIR polymer network, DOPO is more effective than BPPO. When the FR is a subunit of a diol and it is fully incorporated in the PIR network, BPPO delivers superior results.
KW - Flame retardant;
KW - Dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepine 6-oxide; BPPO
KW - 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide; DOPO
KW - Polyisocyanurate; PIR
KW - Rigid foam
KW - Cone calorimeter
KW - Pudovik reaction
PY - 2023
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-567712
DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16010172
SN - 1996-1944
VL - 16
IS - 1
SP - 1
EP - 22
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
AN - OPUS4-56771
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Brierley, N.
A1 - Casperson, Ralf
A1 - Engert, D.
A1 - Heilmann, S.
A1 - Herold, F.
A1 - Hofmann, D.
A1 - Küchler, H.
A1 - Leinenbach, F.
A1 - Lorenz, S.
A1 - Martin, J.
A1 - Rehbein, J.
A1 - Sprau, B.
A1 - Suppes, A.
A1 - Vrana, J.
A1 - Wild, E.
T1 - DICONDE in industrial inspection
N2 - DICONDE (Digital Imaging and Communication in Non-Destructive Testing) is an open international standard for storing and exchanging industrial test data and process-related information. The DICONDE standard defines both the semantics for structured storage of data and the network-based communication between two endpoints. This allows many test processes to be mapped digitally and securely, while at the same time meeting normative requirements such as traceability to the tester and test object and reproducibility of test results.
KW - DICONDE
KW - NDT
KW - Interoperability
KW - Data storage
KW - Communication
PY - 2023
SN - 978-3-947971-32-9
N1 - Es gibt eine parallele Sprachausgabe (deutsch), ein Link befindet sich im Feld zugehöriger Identifikator - There is a parallel language edition (German), a link is in the field related identifier
VL - Specification ZfP 4.0-01E
SP - 1
EP - 13
PB - Deutsche Gesellschaft für Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (DGZfP)
CY - Berlin
ET - Edition August 2023
AN - OPUS4-58576
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Casperson, Ralf
A1 - Engert, D.
A1 - Heilmann, S.
A1 - Herold, F.
A1 - Hofmann, D.
A1 - Küchler, H.
A1 - Leinenbach, F.
A1 - Lorenz, S.
A1 - Martin, J.
A1 - Rehbein, J.
A1 - Sprau, B.
A1 - Suppes, A.
A1 - Vrana, J.
A1 - Wild, E.
T1 - DICONDE in der ZfP
N2 - DICONDE (Digital Imaging and Communication in Non-Destructive Evaluation) ist ein offener internationaler Standard zur Speicherung und zum Austausch industrieller Prüfdaten und prozessbezogener Informationen. Der DICONDE-Standard definiert sowohl die Semantik für eine strukturierte Speicherung von Daten als auch die netzwerkbasierte Kommunikation zwischen zwei Endpunkten. Damit lassen sich viele Vorgänge von Prüfprozessen digital und sicher abbilden und gleichzeitig normative Anforderungen wie eine Rückführbarkeit zum Prüfer und Prüfobjekt sowie eine Reproduzierbarkeit von Prüfergebnissen erfüllen.
KW - DICONDE
KW - ZfP
KW - Interoperabilität
KW - Datenspeicherung
KW - Kommunikation
PY - 2023
SN - 978-3-947971-30-5
N1 - Es gibt eine parallele Sprachausgabe (englisch), ein Link befindet sich im Feld zugehöriger Identifikator - There is a parallel language edition (English), a link is in the field related identifier
VL - Merkblatt ZfP 4.0-01
SP - 1
EP - 13
PB - Deutsche Gesellschaft für Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (DGZfP)
CY - Berlin
ET - Ausgabe Juni 2023
AN - OPUS4-58578
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Babutzka, Martin
A1 - Burkert, Andreas
A1 - Heyn, A.
T1 - Korrosionsuntersuchungen mit gelartigen Elektrolyten an natürlich gebildeten Zinkdeckschichten
N2 - Ein neuer Ansatz bei elektrochemischen Korrosionsuntersuchungen kann durch den Einsatz von gelartigen Elektrolyten als Alternative zu wässrigen Prüfelektrolyten beschritten werden. Gelartige Elektrolyte ermöglichen minimalinvasive Untersuchungen an natürlich gebildeten Zinkdeckschichten.
Dadurch können korrosionsrelevante Kennwerte ermittelt werden, die Aussagen zur Deckschichtbildung und zur Stabilität der gebildeten Deckschichten erlauben. In diesem Beitrag wird anhand verschiedener Deckschichtzustände an Zink der Mehrwert von gelartigen Elektrolyten für die Korrosionsforschung verdeutlicht.
N2 - A new approach in electrochemical corrosion testing includes the use of gel-type electrolytes as an alternative to aqueous test electrolytes. Gel-type electrolytes enable minimally invasive studies of naturally formed zinc coatings. Thus, corrosion-relevant parameters can be determined that allow conclusions on layer formation and layer stability. This contribution will clarify the value of gel-type electrolytes for corrosion research at the example of various coatings on zinc.
T2 - Tagung Werkstoffprüfung 2016
CY - Neu-Ulm, Germany
DA - 01.12.2016
KW - Zinkdeckschichten
KW - Zinc coatings
KW - Korrosionsprüfung
KW - Corrosion testing
KW - Gelartige Elektrolyte
KW - Gel-type electrolytes
KW - Deckschichtbildung
KW - Layer formation
PY - 2016
SN - 978-3-514-00830-4
SP - 125
EP - 130
PB - Verlag Stahleisen GmbH
CY - Düsseldorf
AN - OPUS4-38578
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Babutzka, Martin
A1 - Burkert, Andreas
A1 - Heyn, A.
T1 - Corrosion investigations on zinc coatings by using gel-type electrolytes
N2 - In the presentation different zinc coatings are presented and investigated. Their naturally formed protective layers are electrochemically characterized and corrosion relevant values are determined by using a gel pad based on polysaccharide. The corrosion relevant values allow the differentiation of various zinc coating systems and can describe the current protective effect provided by the coating. It is shown that gel-type electrolytes influence protective layers and coatings considerably less than corresponding bulk electrolytes. From the results it is evident that gel-type electrolytes represent a viable and promising field in corrosion research.
T2 - 7th Kurt-Schwabe-Symposium
CY - Mittweida, Germany
DA - 04.09.2016
KW - zinc coatings
KW - gel-type electrolytes
KW - corrosion invetsigations
PY - 2016
SP - 19
AN - OPUS4-37411
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Heyn, A.
A1 - Rosemann, Paul
A1 - Babutzka, Martin
A1 - Bender, S.
T1 - Electrochemical noise of unalloyed steel in mixtures of water-based binders and pigments
N2 - The development of organic coatings for corrosion protection is an elaborate process with a multitude of often interminable investigations and tests of protection properties. Electrochemical methods support the processes of development to a great extent and help to understand mechanisms of action and failure. They are usually carried out on applied coating systems with a completed formulation. An examination possibility is presented in this publication that enables the characterization of waterbased coatings with different formulation variations in the liquid (aqueous) state with the aid of electrochemical noise technique. Thus, selection of binders, pigments, and other additives is supported essentially and made more efficient in a very early Phase of formulation development. The paper shows that a unique insight into the dynamic processes of a metal in contact with an aqueous coating dispersion is possible using the example of the development of zinc-free corrosion-inhibiting pigments for waterbased coatings. In addition, it is presented in which way the results correlate with the performance of applied coatings.
KW - Organic coatings
KW - Electrochemical noise
KW - Corrosion
KW - Corrosion protection
KW - Corrosion protection pigments
PY - 2017
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.201709671
SN - 0947-5117
SN - 1521-4176
VL - 68
IS - 12
SP - 1295
EP - 1301
PB - Wiley-VCH Verlag
CY - Weinheim
AN - OPUS4-43319
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Babutzka, Martin
A1 - Burkert, Andreas
A1 - Heyn, A.
T1 - Corrosion investigations on zinc coatings by using gel-type electrolytes
N2 - A new approach to the assessment of the corrosion behaviour of zinc coatings under atmospheric conditions can be achieved using gel-type electrolytes as an alternative to standard aqueous test electrolytes. Gel-type electrolytes allow minimally invasive corrosion investigations on zinc coatings. They also provide the possibility to carry out corrosion investigations onsite. By using gel-type electrolytes corrosion-relevant characteristic values such as corrosion currents and polarization resistances can be determined. These allow to describe the formation and the stability of the formed corrosion product layers under various climatic conditions. With this knowledge, a prediction of the zinc coating life cycle is possible. In this contribution, the value of gel-type electrolytes for corrosion research on zinc coatings is presented.
T2 - Intergalva 2018
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 17.06.2018
KW - Deckschichtbildung
KW - Layer formation
KW - Gelartige Elektrolyte
KW - Gel-type electrolytes
KW - Korrosionsprüfung
KW - Corrosion testing
KW - Zinkdeckschichten
KW - Zinc coatings
PY - 2018
SP - 385
EP - 392
AN - OPUS4-45245
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Babutzka, Martin
A1 - Heyn, A.
A1 - Rosemann, Paul
T1 - Influence of austenitizing and tempering on the corrosion behavior and sensitization of martensitic stainless steel X50CrMoV15
N2 - Electrochemical tests, hardness measurements, and microstructure analysis are performed to study the influence of austenitizing, quenching, and tempering parameters on the corrosion resistance of the martensitic stainless steel grade X50CrMoV15 (1.4116). Different heat treatment states were studied using an adapted EPR-Test to evaluate the chromium distribution and depletion caused by the formation and dissolution of chromium rich carbides. The EPR results were correlated with pitting corrosion behavior, demonstrating the strong effect of heat treatment parameters on the susceptibility of martensitic stainless steels to corrosion phenomena.
KW - Martensitic stainless steel
KW - Electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation
KW - Heat treatment
KW - Pitting corrosion
PY - 2018
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.201810170
SN - 0947-5117
SN - 1521-4176
VL - 69
IS - 10
SP - 1338
EP - 1349
PB - Wiley-VCH Verlag
CY - Weinheim
AN - OPUS4-46138
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Günther, Martin
A1 - Lorenzetti, A.
A1 - Schartel, Bernhard
T1 - Fire Phenomena of Rigid Polyurethane Foams
N2 - Rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) typically exhibit low thermal inertia, resulting in short ignition times and rapid flame spread. In this study, the fire phenomena of RPUFs were investigated using a multi-methodological approach to gain detailed insight into the fire behaviour of pentaneand water-blown polyurethane (PUR) as well as pentane-blown polyisocyanurate Polyurethane (PIR) foams with densities ranging from 30 to 100 kg/m3. Thermophysical properties were studied using thermogravimetry (TG); flammability and fire behaviour were investigated by means of the limiting oxygen index (LOI) and a cone calorimeter. Temperature development in burning cone calorimeter specimens was monitored with thermocouples inside the foam samples and visual investigation of quenched specimens’ cross sections gave insight into the morphological changes during burning. A comprehensive investigation is presented, illuminating the processes taking place during foam combustion. Cone calorimeter tests revealed that in-depth absorption of radiation is a significant factor in estimating the time to ignition. Cross sections examined with an electron scanning microscope (SEM) revealed a pyrolysis front with an intact foam structure underneath, and temperature measurement inside burning specimens indicated that, as foam density increased, their burning behaviour shifted towards that of solid materials. The superior fire performance of PIR foams was found to be based on the cellular structure, which is retained in the residue to some extent.
KW - Foam
KW - Polyurethane
KW - Fire behaviour
KW - Flammability
PY - 2018
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-465577
DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/polym10101166
SN - 2073-4360
VL - 10
IS - 10
SP - 1166-1
EP - 1166-22
PB - MDPI
AN - OPUS4-46557
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Babutzka, Martin
A1 - Burkert, Andreas
A1 - Heyn, A.
T1 - Korrosionsuntersuchungen mit gelartigen Elektrolyten zur Beschreibung der Korrosionsschutzwirkung von Zinküberzügen
N2 - Ein neuer Ansatz bei elektrochemischen Korrosionsuntersuchungen kann durch den Einsatz von gelartigen Elektrolyten als Alternative zu wässrigen Prüfelektrolyten beschritten werden. Gelartige Elektrolyte ermöglichen minimalinvasive Untersuchungen an natürlich gebildeten Zinkdeckschichten. Dadurch können korrosionsrelevante Kennwerte ermittelt werden, die Aussagen zur Deckschichtbildung und zur Stabilität der gebildeten Deckschichten unter verschiedenen klimatischen Bedingungen erlauben. In diesem Beitrag wird anhand verschiedener Deckschichtzustände an Zink der Mehrwert von Untersuchungen mit gelartigen Elektrolyten für die Korrosionsforschung verdeutlicht.
T2 - 16. Tagung "Korrosionsschutz in der maritimen Technik"
CY - Hamburg, Germany
DA - 25.01.2017
KW - Deckschichtbildung
KW - Layer formation
KW - Gelartige Elektrolyte
KW - Gel-type electrolytes
KW - Korrosionsprüfung
KW - Corrosion testing
KW - Zinkdeckschichten
KW - Zinc coatings
PY - 2017
SN - 978-3-935406-64-2
VL - 16
SP - 35
EP - 44
AN - OPUS4-39041
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Dippong, Martin
A1 - Carl, Peter
A1 - Lenz, C.
A1 - Schenk, J. A.
A1 - Hoffmann, Katrin
A1 - Schwaar, Timm
A1 - Schneider, Rudolf
A1 - Kuhne, Maren
T1 - Hapten-specific single-cell selection of hybridoma clones by fluorescence-activated cell sorting for the generation of monoclonal antibodies
N2 - The conventional hybridoma screening and subcloning process is generally considered to be one of the most critical steps in hapten-specific antibody production. It is time-consuming, monoclonality is not guaranteed, and the number of clones that can be screened is limited. Our approach employs a novel hapten-specific labeling technique of hybridoma cells. This allows for fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and single-cell deposition and thereby eliminates the above-mentioned problems. A two-step staining approach is used to detect antigen specificity and antibody expression: in order to detect antigen specificity, hybridoma cells are incubated with a hapten−horseradish peroxidase conjugate (hapten−HRP), which is subsequently incubated with a fluorophore-labeled polyclonal anti-peroxidase antibody (anti-HRP−Alexa Fluor 488). To characterize the expression of membrane-bound immunoglobulin G (IgG), a fluorophore-labeled anti-mouse IgG antibody (anti-IgG−Alexa Fluor 647) is used. Hundreds of labeled hybridoma cells producing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific for a hapten were rapidly isolated and deposited from a fusion mixture as single-cell clones via FACS. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measurements of the supernatants of the sorted hybridoma clones revealed that all hapten-specific hybridoma clones secrete antibodies against the target. There are significant improvements using this high-throughput technique for the generation of mAbs including increased yield of antibody-producing hybridoma clones, ensured monoclonality of sorted cells, and reduced development times.
KW - Monoclonal antibodies
KW - FACS
KW - Hybridoma cells
PY - 2017
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04569
SN - 0003-2700
SN - 1520-6882
VL - 89
IS - 7
SP - 4007
EP - 4012
PB - ACS Publications
AN - OPUS4-40320
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Babutzka, Martin
A1 - Heyn, A.
ED - Lampke, T.
ED - Wagner, G.
ED - Wagner, M.F.-X.
T1 - Dynamic tafel factor adaption for the evaluation of instantaneous corrosion rates on zinc by using gel-type electrolytes
N2 - The paper presents a new method for the determination and evaluation of tafel factors using gel-type electrolytes and electrochemical frequency modulation technique (EFM). This relatively new electrochemical method offers the possibility to determine both polarization resistances and tafel factors within one measurement and in short measuring intervals. Starting from a comprehensive parameter study it is shown that a direct relationship between the two values exists that can be described mathematically. This contribution presents the determined tafel factors for the system gel-type electrolyte/zinc and discusses their applicability and their limits.
T2 - 19. Werkstofftechnisches Kolloquium der TU Chemnitz
CY - Chemnitz, Germany
DA - 16.03.2017
KW - Gel-type electrolytes
KW - Gelartige Elektrolyte
KW - Zinc
KW - Zink
KW - Stern Geary constant
KW - Stern-Geary-Konstante
PY - 2017
SN - 978-3-00-055705-7
SN - 1439-1597
VL - 61
SP - 189
EP - 199
PB - TU Chemnitz, Fakultät für Maschinenbau, Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik
CY - Chemnitz
AN - OPUS4-39434
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Babutzka, Martin
A1 - Heyn, A.
T1 - Corrosion investigations by using gel-type electrolytes
N2 - This contribution will show that gel-type electrolytes influence protective layers on zinc coatings considerably less than typical bulk electrolytes. Different zinc coatings are investigated, their naturally formed protective layers are electrochemically characterized and corrosion relevant values are determined by using a gel pad based on polysaccharide. From the results it is evident that gel-type electrolytes represent a viable and promising field in corrosion research.
T2 - EUROCORR European Corrosion Congress 2016
CY - Montpellier, France
DA - 11.09.2016
KW - Corrosion investigations
KW - Gel-type electrolytes
KW - Zinc coatings
PY - 2016
SP - Paper P-56097
AN - OPUS4-37546
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Wiggenhauser, Herbert
A1 - Samokrutov, A.A.
A1 - Mayer, K.
A1 - Krause, Martin
A1 - Alekhin, S. G.
A1 - Elkin, V.
T1 - LAUS - Large aperture ultrasonic system - for testing thick concrete structures
N2 - A Large Aperture UltraSonic (LAUS) system has been designed and built for testing thick concrete structures. The scalable system consists of twelve ultrasonic units, each hosting 32 individual shear wave transducers with mechanical dry point contact (DPC) to the concrete surface. The twelve units are attached to the concrete surface using a vacuum case which holds them in place during operation. Each LAUS unit can be placed individually depending on the surface condition and optimal ultrasonic condition, e.g. rebar position. Air pressure is supplied to each unit through an air hose. The following extended abstract is a short version of an article to be published in the special edition of ASCE JIS that will describe the outline of the system, the principle of functioning, the data processing and adapted reconstruction calculation based on SAFT as well as the system performance during first applications.
T2 - NDT-CE 2015 - International symposium non-destructive testing in civil engineering
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 15.09.2015
KW - Ultrasonic imaging
KW - Linear array
KW - Reconstruction calculation (SAFT)
PY - 2015
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-345383
UR - http://www.ndt.net/?id=18313
SN - 1435-4934
VL - 20
IS - 11
SP - 1
EP - 4
PB - NDT.net
CY - Kirchwald
AN - OPUS4-34538
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Heyn, A.
A1 - Rosemann, Paul
A1 - Babutzka, Martin
A1 - Bender, S.
T1 - Elektrochemisches Rauschen von unlegiertem Stahl in wasserbasierten Bindemittel-Pigment-Gemischen
N2 - Die Entwicklung von Beschichtungen für den Korrosionsschutz ist ein aufwändiger Prozess mit einer Vielzahl von oftmals langwierigen Untersuchungen und Prüfungen der Schutzeigenschaften.
Elektrochemische Methoden unterstützen die Entwicklungsprozesse in hohem Maße und helfen beim Verstehen von Wirk- und Schadensmechanismen. Sie werden meistens an fertig formulierten und applizierten Beschichtungssystemen vorgenommen. Es wird eine Untersuchungsmöglichkeit vorgestellt, bei der sich wasserbasierte Beschichtungsstoffe in unterschiedlichen Formulierungsvarianten bereits im flüssigen Zustand mit Hilfe des elektrochemischen Rauschens charakterisieren lassen. Damit ist es möglich, bereits in einer sehr frühen Phase der Formulierungsentwicklung die Auswahl von Bindemitteln, Pigmenten und weiteren Zusatzstoffen entscheidend zu unterstützen und effizienter zu gestalten. Am Beispiel der Entwicklung von zinkfreien Korrosionsschutzpigmenten für wasserbasierte Beschichtungen
wird gezeigt, dass ein einzigartiger Einblick in die dynamischen Prozesse bei Kontakt eines Metalls mit der wässrigen Beschichtungsdispersion möglich ist und wie dies mit der Performance der Beschichtungen korreliert.
T2 - 16. Sommerkurs Werkstoffe und Fügen
CY - Magdeburg, Germany
DA - 08.09.2017
KW - Beschichtung
KW - Korrosion
KW - Elektrochemisches Rauschen
KW - Korrosionsschutzpigmente
KW - Korrosionsschutz
PY - 2017
SN - 978-3-944722-58-0
DO - https://doi.org/10.24352/UB.OVGU-2017-75
SP - 139
EP - 148
AN - OPUS4-41893
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Babutzka, Martin
A1 - Burkert, Andreas
A1 - Heyn, A.
T1 - Korrosionsuntersuchungen mit gelartigen Elektrolyten zur Beschreibung der Korrosionsschutzwirkung von Zinküberzügen
N2 - Ein neuer Ansatz bei elektrochemischen Korrosionsuntersuchungen kann durch den Einsatz von gelartigen Elektrolyten als Alternative zu wässrigen Prüfelektrolyten beschritten werden. Gelartige Elektrolyte ermöglichen minimalinvasive Untersuchungen an natürlich gebildeten Zinkdeckschichten. Dadurch können korrosionsrelevante Kennwerte ermittelt werden, die Aussagen zur Deckschichtbildung und zur Stabilität der gebildeten Deckschichten erlauben. In diesem Beitrag wird anhand verschiedener Deckschichtzustände an Zink der Mehrwert von gelartigen Elektrolyten für die Korrosionsforschung verdeutlicht.
T2 - 16. Sommerkurs Werkstoffe und Fügen am Institut für Werkstoff- und Fügetechnik
CY - Magdeburg, Germany
DA - 08.09.2017
KW - Deckschichtbildung
KW - Gelartige Elektrolyte
KW - Korrosionsprüfung
KW - Zinkdeckschichten
KW - Corrosion testing
KW - Gel-type electrolytes
KW - Layer formation
KW - Zinc coatings
PY - 2017
SN - 978-3-944722-58-0
DO - https://doi.org/10.24352/UB.OVGU-2017-75
SP - 119
EP - 127
AN - OPUS4-41898
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Beutel, R.
A1 - Reinhardt, H.-W.
A1 - Grosse, C.U.
A1 - Glaubitt, A.
A1 - Krause, Martin
A1 - Maierhofer, Christiane
A1 - Algernon, Daniel
A1 - Wiggenhauser, Herbert
A1 - Schickert, M.
T1 - Comparative performance tests and validation of NDT methods for concrete testing
N2 - Validation of non-destructive testing methods is necessary to create a common basis where different systems can be compared and their applications and limitations be identified. This can be achieved through comparing the measurements taken by several systems used for a common diagnostic purpose under practical but controlled testing conditions. Well-designed small and large laboratory or field specimens promise such conditions.
The special concrete specimen (LCS) at BAM was constructed for validation purposes, in particular, to be used for evaluating the performance of echo methods. The thickness of the specimen is varying and it contains carefully designed built-in faults, such as voids, honeycombs and tendon ducts with various degrees of grouting defects. Since the geometry and condition of the defects are known, it can be used to compare the performance of radar, ultrasonic, impact-echo. The research was conducted within the Research group FOR384, sponsored by the German Research Society DFG.
KW - Performance demonstration
KW - Non-destructive testing
KW - Concrete
KW - Radar
KW - Ultrasound
KW - Impact-echo
PY - 2008
DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10921-008-0037-1
SN - 0195-9298
SN - 1573-4862
VL - 27
IS - 1-3
SP - 59
EP - 65
PB - Plenum Press
CY - New York, NY
AN - OPUS4-17925
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Marklein, R.
A1 - Mayer, K.
A1 - Zimmer, A.
A1 - Krause, Martin
T1 - Ganzheitliche Methoden zur zerstörungsfreien Prüfung von Betonbauteilen - Modellierung, Abbildung und Charakterisierung von Verpressfehlern in Hüllrohren
N2 - Für die zerstörungsfreie Prüfung großer Betonbauwerke unter dem Aspekt der Analyse von Spannkanälen hat sich die Ultraschalltechnik in den letzten Jahren als geeignete Methode herausgestellt, da sowohl die Messtechnik insbesondere die Ultraschallwandler als auch die numerischen Auswerteverfahren in einem Stadium sind, das es erlaubt, größere Messflächen und damit größere Volumina zu beschallen und abzubilden. Mit Hilfe der Modellierung der Ausbreitung elastischer Wellen in komplexen Medien können praxisrelevante Problemstellungen untersucht werden, auch unter dem Aspekt, Testkörper zu planen oder gar zu ersetzen. Durch die Auswertung der Phase der Rekonstruktion eines Streuvorgangs können Fehlstellen klassifiziert und damit Aussagen über die Bauwerkssicherheit signifikant objektiviert werden. Die Methoden werden, im Hinblick auf eine ganzheitliche Sichtweise von skalaren und polarimetrischen Abbildungsverfahren mit Unterstützung der Modellierung und der anschließenden Klassifizierung durch Phasenanalyse, an ausgewählten Beispielen erläutert.
For nondestructive testing of concrete buildings under the aspect of tendon duct analysis, ultrasonic testing has proven to be a suitable method, as both the measuring technique in particular the acoustic sensors and the numerical methods allow the insonification and imaging of larger surfaces and volumes. With the aid of numerical modelling of elastic wave propagation in complex media real life problems can be examined with the goal to design or even to replace test specimen. By determination of the phase of an imaged scattering event, defects can be classified, and the prediction of the integrity of buildings can be significantly objectified. The methods are explained for selected examples in an integral way with respect to scalar and polarimetric imaging algorithms supported by modelling and subsequent classification through phase analysis.
KW - Elastische Wellenausbreitung
KW - Numerische Modellierung
KW - Polimetrische Abbildungsverfahren
KW - Phasenauswertung
KW - Beton
KW - Spannkanäle
KW - Verpressfehler
KW - Elastic wave propagation
KW - Numerical modelling
KW - Polarimetric imaging
KW - Phase analysis
KW - Concrete
KW - Tendon ducts
KW - Grouting defects
PY - 2008
DO - https://doi.org/10.1524/teme.2008.0868
SN - 0340-837X
SN - 0178-2312
SN - 0171-8096
VL - 75
IS - 6
SP - 376
EP - 389
PB - Oldenbourg
CY - München
AN - OPUS4-18235
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Rühe, S.
A1 - Dilz, K.
A1 - Thomas, Hans-Martin
A1 - Zösch, A.
T1 - Untersuchungen an lasergeschweißten Blechverbindungen mit Wirbelstrom
T2 - Jahrestagung Zerstörungsfreie Materialprüfung 2004
CY - Salzburg, Österreich
DA - 2004-05-17
KW - Wirbelstrom
KW - Laserschweißnaht
KW - Karosserieteile
PY - 2004
UR - http://www.ndt.net/article/dgzfp04/papers/p27/p27.htm
SN - 3-931381-55-2
SP - 1(?)
EP - 2(?)
PB - DGZfP
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-5487
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bär, S.
A1 - Huber, G.
A1 - Gonzalo, J.
A1 - Perea, A.
A1 - Munz, Martin
T1 - Pulsed laser deposition of EU - Y2O3 thin films on (0001) alpha-Al2O3
N2 - This paper focuses on the preparation and characterization of crystalline thin films of rare-earth-doped sesquioxides (Y2O3, Lu2O3) grown by pulsed laser deposition on single-crystal (0001) sapphire substrates. X-ray diffraction measurements show that the films with thicknesses between 1 nm and 500 nm were highly textured along the 111 direction. Using Rutherford backscattering analysis, the correct stoichiometric composition of the films was established. The emission and excitation spectra of europium-doped films with a thickness 100 nm look similar to those of the corresponding crystalline bulk material, whereas films with a thickness 20 nm show a completely different emission behavior.
KW - Pulsed laser deposition
KW - Integrated optical devices
KW - X-ray diffraction
KW - Atomic force microscopy
KW - Luminescence
PY - 2004
UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0926860X
DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-004-3029-8
SN - 0947-8396
VL - 80
IS - 2
SP - 209
EP - 216
PB - Springer
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-5990
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Krüger, Jörg
A1 - Martin, Sven
A1 - Mädebach, Heinrich
A1 - Urech, L.
A1 - Lippert, T.
A1 - Wokaun, A.
A1 - Kautek, Wolfgang
T1 - Femto- and nanosecond laser treatment of doped polymethylmethacrylate
N2 - Femto- and nanosecond laser ablation of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and PMMA doped with a linear absorber was
investigated in the infrared spectral region. Ablation thresholds were determined and incubation phenomena were identified. The
degree of incubation was calculated employing a phenomenological model. The influence of the pulse duration on the
machining quality of the polymers was examined. The presence of an absorbing chromophore is not a prerequisite for a
controllable fs-laser structuring in contrast to the ns-treatment. Surface swelling always accompanied ablation.
KW - Laser ablation
KW - Laser beam machining
KW - Doping thin films
KW - Polymers-radiation effects
PY - 2005
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2005.01.078
SN - 0169-4332
SN - 1873-5584
VL - 247
SP - 406
EP - 411
PB - North-Holland
CY - Amsterdam
AN - OPUS4-7470
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Spickermann, J.
A1 - Martin, K.
A1 - Räder, H.J.
A1 - Müllen, K.
A1 - Schlaad, H.
A1 - Müller, A. H. E.
A1 - Krüger, Ralph-Peter
T1 - Quantitative analysis of broad molecular weight distributions obtained by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry
PY - 1996
SN - 1469-0667
SN - 1356-1049
SN - 1365-0718
IS - 2
SP - 161
EP - 165
PB - IM Publications
CY - Chichester
AN - OPUS4-2153
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Starke, K.
A1 - Ristau, D.
A1 - Martin, Sven
A1 - Hertwig, Andreas
A1 - Krüger, Jörg
A1 - Allenspacher, P.
A1 - Riede, W.
A1 - Meister, S.
A1 - Theiss, C.
A1 - Sabbah, A.
A1 - Rudolph, W.
A1 - Raab, V.
A1 - Grigonis, R.
A1 - Rakickas, T.
A1 - Sirutkaitis, V.
ED - Exarhos, G. J.
T1 - Results of a round-robin experiment in multiple-pulse LIDT measurement with ultrashort pulses
T2 - 35th Annual Boulder Damage Symposium ; 35th Annual Symposium on Optical Materials for High-Power Lasers
CY - Boulder, CO, USA
DA - 2003-09-22
KW - Multiple-pulse damage
KW - ISO 11254-2
KW - S on 1-LIDT
KW - Round-robin experiment
KW - CHOCLAB
PY - 2004
SN - 0-8194-5163-0
DO - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.525135
SN - 0038-7355
N1 - Serientitel: Proceedings of SPIE – Series title: Proceedings of SPIE
IS - 5273
SP - 388
EP - 395
PB - SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering
CY - Bellingham, Wash.
AN - OPUS4-4948
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Mielentz, Frank
A1 - Milmann, Boris
A1 - Wöstmann, Jens
A1 - Krause, Martin
A1 - Maierhofer, Christiane
A1 - Römer, A.
A1 - Völkel, W.
T1 - Untersuchungen zur zerstörungsfreien Bestimmung des Hohlraumgehaltes von Asphaltschichten
T2 - DGZfP-Fachtagung Bauwerksdiagnose "Praktische Anwendungen Zerstörungsfreier Prüfungen"
CY - Berlin, Deutschland
DA - 2006-02-22
KW - Asphalt
KW - Hohlraumgehalt
KW - Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung
KW - Ultraschallverfahren
KW - Ultraschall-Rückstreuung
KW - Radarverfahren
PY - 2006
SN - 3-931381-71-4
SP - 1(?)
EP - 9(?)
PB - DGZfP
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-12116
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Urech, L.
A1 - Lippert, T.
A1 - Wokaun, A.
A1 - Martin, Sven
A1 - Mädebach, Heinrich
A1 - Krüger, Jörg
T1 - Removal of doped poly(methylmetacrylate) from tungsten and titanium substrates by femto- and nanosecond laser cleaning
N2 - The influence of different laser pulse lengths on the removal of a polymer layer from metal substrates was investigated. As model systems, doped poly(methylmetacrylate) (PMMA) on titanium and tungsten substrates were selected.
The ablation threshold and irradiation spot morphology of titanium and tungsten were compared for femtosecond (fs) and nanosecond (ns) laser irradiation and different pulse numbers. Nanosecond laser treatment resulted in a non-homogeneous surface morphology for both titanium and tungsten substrates. Femtosecond irradiation of tungsten revealed a homogeneous ablation spot with little changes in the surface morphology. For titanium, the formation of columnar structures within the irradiation spot was observed.
Two different dopant concentrations were used for PMMA to achieve an equal linear absorption coefficient for the femto- and nanosecond laser wavelengths of 790 and 1064 nm. The best results were achieved for the removal of doped PMMA by femtosecond laser irradiation, where only a minimal modification of the metal surface was detected. In the case of nanosecond laser exposure, a pronounced change of the structure was observed, suggesting that damage-free cleaning of the selected metal may only be possible using femtosecond laser pulses. Different experimental parameters, such as laser fluence, pulse repetition rate and sample speed were also investigated to optimize the cleaning quality of doped PMMA from tungsten substrates with femtosecond laser pulses.
KW - Poly(methylmetacrylate)
KW - Laser treatment
KW - Tungsten
KW - Titanium
KW - Femtosecond
PY - 2006
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2005.07.109
SN - 0169-4332
SN - 1873-5584
VL - 252
IS - 13
SP - 4754
EP - 4758
PB - North-Holland
CY - Amsterdam
AN - OPUS4-12368
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Krüger, Jörg
A1 - Lenzner, Matthias
A1 - Martin, Sven
A1 - Lenner, M.
A1 - Spielmann, Ch.
A1 - Fiedler, A.
A1 - Kautek, Wolfgang
T1 - Single- and multi-pulse femtosecond laser ablation of optical filter materials
N2 - Ablation experiments employing Ti:sapphire laser pulses with durations from 30 to 340 fs (centre wavelength 800 nm, repetition rate 1 kHz) were performed in air. Absorbing filters (Schott BG18 and BG36) served as targets. The direct focusing technique was used under single- and multi-pulse irradiation conditions. Ablation threshold fluences were determined from a semi-logarithmic plot of the ablation crater diameter versus laser fluence. The threshold fluence decreases for a shorter pulse duration and an increasing number of pulses. The multi-pulse ablation threshold fluences are similar to those of undoped glass material (~1 J cm-2). That means that the multi-pulse ablation threshold is independent on the doping level of the filters. For more than 100 pulses per spot and all pulse durations applied, the threshold fluence is practically constant. This leads to technically relevant ablation threshold values.
KW - Damage
KW - Femtosecond laser ablation
KW - Filter
KW - Incubation
KW - Laser safety
KW - Threshold
PY - 2003
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-4332(02)01389-2
SN - 0169-4332
SN - 1873-5584
VL - 208-209
SP - 233
EP - 237
PB - North-Holland
CY - Amsterdam
AN - OPUS4-11545
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Martin, Sven
A1 - Krüger, Jörg
A1 - Hertwig, Andreas
A1 - Fiedler, A.
A1 - Kautek, Wolfgang
T1 - Femtosecond laser interaction with protection materials
N2 - Textile, aluminium and polyethylene used as components in laser protection curtains were investigated with respect to their ablation behaviour. Employing 33-fs pulses (800 nm wavelength, 1 kHz repetition rate), ex situ geometrical measurements of the ablation cavities and in situ acoustic investigations with a microphone were performed to determine the ablation thresholds in the single- and multi-pulse cases. The acoustical method proved advantageous for complex surface morphologies and/or single laser pulse interactions. Incubation phenomena can be observed for all the materials studied. Technically relevant multi-pulse ablation thresholds are presented and are compared with the single-pulse (1-on-1) irradiation.
KW - Damage
KW - Femtosecond laser ablation
KW - Laser safety
KW - Threshold
KW - Aluminium
KW - Textile
PY - 2003
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-4332(02)01392-2
SN - 0169-4332
SN - 1873-5584
VL - 208-209
SP - 333
EP - 339
PB - North-Holland
CY - Amsterdam
AN - OPUS4-11546
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Stadthaus, Meinhard
A1 - Thomas, Hans-Martin
A1 - Baugatz, J.
A1 - König, W.
A1 - Migoun, N.
A1 - Gnusin, A.
T1 - Performance testing of detection media for magnetic particle and penetrant testing following the European standards
T2 - Congrès COFREND 2001
CY - Reims, France
DA - 2001-04-24
PY - 2001
SP - 1(?)
EP - 6(?)
PB - COFREND
CY - Paris
AN - OPUS4-1123
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Stadthaus, Meinhard
A1 - Thomas, Hans-Martin
A1 - König, W.
A1 - Baugatz, J.
A1 - Migoun, N.
A1 - Gnusin, A.
T1 - Ermittlung der Eignung von Prüfmitteln für die Eindring- und Magnetpulverprüfung nach dem europäischen Normwerk
T2 - Jahrestagung Zerstörungsfreie Materialprüfung 2001
CY - Berlin, Deutschland
DA - 2001-05-21
PY - 2001
UR - http://www.ndt.net/article/dgzfp01/papers/p39/p39.htm
N1 - Serientitel: Berichtsband / Deutsche Gesellschaft für zerstörungsfreie Prüfung e. V. – Series title: Berichtsband / Deutsche Gesellschaft für zerstörungsfreie Prüfung e. V.
IS - 75-CD
PB - DGZfP
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-1302
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Thomas, Hans-Martin
A1 - Stadthaus, Meinhard
A1 - Baugatz, J.
A1 - König, W.
A1 - Migoun, N. P.
A1 - Prokhorenko, P. P.
A1 - Gnusin, A. B.
T1 - Reproducibility Problem for the Procedure of Type Testing of Liquid Penetrants
N2 - Apparently that the type testing procedure should be conducted under the conditions ensuring reproducibility of its outcomes. We investigated various factors effecting upon the reproducibility. To obtain quantitative characteristics of indications visibility the image-processing hard-and software were used. It was established that there are two main groups of these factors. The first depends on the differences between various test panels, which are used for type testing. The second one concerns the reproducibility of some stages of penetrant testing procedure (excess penetrant removing and developer application). The recommendations to increase the reproducibility of type testing are developed and illustrated experimentally.
The determination of penetrant system sensitivity as a part of type testing should be conducted ensuring reproducibility of the result. We investigated some factors effecting the reproducibility. To obtain quantitative characteristics of indications visibility, an image processing system was used [1]. We used 3 different sets of reference blocks (rb1, rb2, rb3) corresponding to type 1 of EN ISO 3452-3 [2]. Two fluorescent penetrants with different sensitivities and the same wet solvent developer were used.
It was established that the reproducibility of type testing is influenced by mainly two principal factors. First there are the differences between reference blocks. Second one concerns the reproducibility of penetrant testing procedure, especially excess penetrant removal and developer application.
According to EN ISO 3452-3 a reference block for determination of sensitivity level of fluorescent penetrants consists of a set of three nickel-chrome plated panels with 10, 20 and 30 µm plating thickness. Transverse cracks are made in each panel by stretching the panels in the longitudinal direction and width to depth ratio of the cracks should be approximately 1/20. Each panel presents a certain sensitivity level, which is characterised by the level of visibility of the indication. The highest level 3 corresponds to the panel with 10 µm thickness plating. Each panel is cut longitudinally (perpendicular to the crack) so that 2 sheets (panels A and B) with nearly the same cracks will be produced. These panels A and B of a reference block are used for relative evaluation, for example to compare sensitivities of two penetrants. It is considered that the application of the same penetrant to both panels with subsequent adequate development results in the same visibility of the indications on these panels.
Quantitative correlations between the abilities of the reference blocks used for determining of the sensitivity were obtained in our investigations. We used the relations between the measured values of light-fluxes from the indications of similar comparing areas on two panels. These indications correspond to certain cracks parts of the same total length on both comparing areas. The relations of the steps between the panel are responsible for the definition of the sensitivity groups. From our investigations it follows that the steps of the different sets are different. Besides it was established that the indications visibility for the same penetrant applied on different reference blocks might have a considerable difference depending on the penetrant sensitivity: the higher penetrant sensitivity, the smaller is such a difference between the steps 30/20 and 20/10. For example, for rb3 the relations 30/20 and 20/10 for lower sensitive penetrant (I1) reached factor 3 comparing with factor 2 for higher sensitive penetrant (I2).
Some results of the comparison between the 3 sets (rb1, rb2, rb3) investigations are summarised in Table 1 with rb1 as a reference.
T2 - 8th ECNDT
CY - Barcelona, Spain
DA - 2002-06-17
PY - 2002
UR - http://www.ndt.net/article/ecndt02/199/199.htm
VL - 8
SP - 1(?)
EP - 5(?)
PB - European Federation for Non-Destructive Testing
CY - Barcelona
AN - OPUS4-1396
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Krüger, Jörg
A1 - Lenzner, Matthias
A1 - Martin, Sven
A1 - Lenner, M.
A1 - Spielmann, C.
A1 - Fiedler, A.
A1 - Kautek, Wolfgang
ED - Phipps, C. R.
T1 - Femtosecond laser induced damage in absorbing filters used for laser protection
N2 - Damage experiments of absorbing filters (Schott BG18 and BG36) were performed with Ti:sapphire laser pulses with durations from 30 fs to 340 fs (800 nm, 1 kHz) in air. The direct focusing technique was employed under single- and multi-pulse irradiation conditions. Ablation threshold fluences were determined from a semi-logarithmic plot of the ablation crater diameter vs. laser fluence. The damage threshold fluence decreases for shorter pulse durations. In the investigated pulse duration range, the measured multi-pulse ablation threshold fluences are practically similar to those of undoped glass material (~1 Jcm-2). That means that the multi-pulse ablation threshold is independent on the doping level of the filters. For more than 100 pulses per spot and all pulse durations applied, the threshold fluence saturates. This leads to technically relevant damage threshold values in the femtosecond laser pulse duration domain.
T2 - 4th SPIE's International Conference on High-Power Laser Ablation
CY - Taos, NM, USA
DA - 2002-04-22
KW - Ablation
KW - Damage
KW - Eye protection
KW - Femtosecond pulse laser
KW - Incubation
KW - Laser safety
KW - Threshold fluence
PY - 2002
SN - 0-8194-4524-X
DO - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.482109
SN - 1605-7422
N1 - Serientitel: SPIE proceedings series – Series title: SPIE proceedings series
VL - 1
IS - 4760
SP - 398
EP - 405
PB - SPIE
CY - Bellingham, Wash.
AN - OPUS4-1550
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Stadthaus, Meinhard
A1 - Thomas, Hans-Martin
A1 - Migoun, N.
A1 - Porkhorenko, P.
A1 - Gnusin, A.
ED - Thompson, D.
T1 - On the Reliability of the Quantitative Evaluation of Penetrant Systems Quality
N2 - The market of the penetrant systems is increasing every year. A sensitivity of the penetrant systems is one of the main criteria for a customer. Therefore the importance of reliable result of the determination of penetrant systems sensitivity is increasing as well. It was established in our experiments that repeating the procedure of type testing in accordance with ISO EN 3452-2, in many cases one can obtain rather variable results for the sensitivity level. The goal of our investigations was to establish the principal factors, influencing upon the result of penetrant system type testing. Our results show that the values of the duration of such penetrant inspection technological stages as penetrant and developer applications may be considerably lower than the values recommended by ISO EN 3452-2 for the type testing. At the same time the character of the procedure's realisation of excess penetrant removal and developer application strongly influences upon the type testing results. Some recommendations for obtaining more reliable results of the determination of penetrant system sensitivity are worked out and proposed. ©2002 American Institute of Physics.
T2 - 28th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation
CY - Brunswick, ME, USA
DA - 2001-07-29
PY - 2001
SN - 0-7354-0061-X
DO - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1473037
SN - 0743-0760
SN - 0094-243X
N1 - Serientitel: AIP conference proceedings – Series title: AIP conference proceedings
IS - 615
SP - 1991
EP - 1996
PB - American Institute of Physics
CY - Melville, NY
AN - OPUS4-1531
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Kautek, Wolfgang
A1 - Krüger, Jörg
A1 - Lenzner, Matthias
A1 - Martin, Sven
A1 - Lenner, M.
A1 - Spielmann, C.
A1 - Fiedler, A.
ED - Meunier, M.
T1 - Single- and multi-pulse femtosecond laser ablation of optical filter materials
N2 - Commercially available absorption filters (Schott BG18 and BG36) were investigated with respect to their single- and
multi-pulse ablation threshold using laser pulses from a Ti:Sapphire laser in the range between 30 and 340 fs. It could be
observed, that the threshold fluence decreases for shorter pulse durations. The similarity of the measured multi-pulse
threshold fluences with those of undoped glass material (around 1 J/cm^2 for a pulse duration of 30 fs) suggests that, for
very short pulses, the threshold is independent on the doping level and therefore, linear absorption does not significantly
contribute to laser-induced damage. For >100 pulses per spot and all pulse durations applied, the threshold fluences
saturate. This independence on the number of applied pulses leads to technically relevant damage threshold values.
T2 - Symposium D - European Materials Research Society
CY - Strasbourg, France
DA - 2002-06-18
PY - 2002
UR - http://www.emrs-strasbourg.com/files/pdf/2002_SPRING/02_Prog_Dv2.pdf
N1 - Serientitel: Applied surface science – Series title: Applied surface science
VL - 208/209.2003,1
IS - 1
SP - 1(?)
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
AN - OPUS4-1588
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Kautek, Wolfgang
A1 - Martin, Sven
A1 - Krüger, Jörg
A1 - Lenzner, Matthias
A1 - Fiedler, A.
ED - Meunier, M.
T1 - Femtosecond laser multi-pulse interaction with optical filters and fabrics
N2 - Optical filters and fabrics are important parts of laser safety equipment such as goggles and curtains. A choice of these materials with varying absorption spectra is investigated with respect to their resistance to Ti:sapphire femtosecond laser radiation (800 nm wavelength, 1 kHz repetition rate). Pulse durations down to 30 fs and multiple-pulse irradiation conditions are employed to evaluate technically relevant damage thresholds. The ablation threshold fluences of the absorbing filters are comparable to those observed for transparent materials with 30-fs-pulses. These investigations together with scanning electron microscopy of the surface morphology after laser treatment provide insight into the interaction mechanism of the short pulses with the materials.
T2 - Symposium D - European Materials Research Society
CY - Strasbourg, France
DA - 2002-06-18
PY - 2002
UR - http://www.emrs-strasbourg.com/files/pdf/2002_SPRING/02_Prog_Dv2.pdf
N1 - Serientitel: Applied surface science – Series title: Applied surface science
VL - 208/209.2003,1
IS - 1
SP - 1(?)
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
AN - OPUS4-1730
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Zoega, A.
A1 - Krause, Martin
A1 - Kurz, J.
A1 - Maack, Stefan
A1 - Küttenbaum, Stefan
A1 - Boßmann, N.
T1 - Ultraschalluntersuchungen zur Rissdetektion an Spannbetonschwellen
N2 - Im deutschen Eisenbahnnetz sind ca. 80 Millionen Spannbetonschwellen verbaut. Analog zu anderen Bauwerken werden Wpannbetonschwellen regelmäßig visuell inspiziert. Die Rissbildung ist bei diesen Inspektionen ein Kriterium für die Schädigung einer Spannbetonschwelle. Durch Rissbildung kann es passieren, dass Betonschwellen ihre Nutzungsdauer nicht erreichen.
KW - ZfPBau
KW - Spannbeton
PY - 2017
VL - März 2017
IS - Ernst & Sohn Special 2017
SP - 20
EP - 22
PB - Ernst & Sohn Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-48112
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Szymoniak, Paulina
A1 - Kolmangadi, Mohamed A.
A1 - Böhning, Martin
A1 - De Souza, N. R.
A1 - Juranyi, F.
A1 - Zorn, R.
A1 - Schönhals, Andreas
T1 - Inelastic and Quasielastic Neutron Scattering on Polynorbornenes with Bulky Carbocyclic Side groups
N2 - This study investigates the molecular mobility and vibrational properties of polynorbornenes with bulky carbocyclic side groups using inelastic and quasielastic neutron scattering techniques. The polymers, synthesized via metathesis and addition polymerization, exhibit varying degrees of microporosity, which ignificantly influences their gas separation performance. By inelastic neutron scattering experiments, it could be shown that all considered polymers have excess contributions to the low frequency vibrational density of states known as the Boson peak. The maximum frequency of the Boson peak correlates to the microporosity of the polymers.
This correlation supports the sound wave interpretation of the Boson peak, suggesting that the microporous structure enhances the compressibility of the material at a microscopic length scale. The molecular mobility, particularly the methyl group rotation, was characterized using elastic scans and quasielastic neutron scattering. The study revealed a temperature dependent relaxation process, with the onset of molecular fluctuations observed around 200 K for the polymer containing methyl groups. For the polymer having no methyl groups only elastic scattering is observed. The methyl group rotation was analyzed in terms of a jump diffusion in a threefold potential with three equivalent energy minima. This leads to an almost correct description of the q dependence of the elastic incoherent scattering function when the number of hydrogen nuclei undergoing the methyl group rotation is considered. It was further evidenced that the fraction of methyl undergoing the methyl group rotation increases with increasing temperature.
KW - Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity
KW - Neutron scattering
PY - 2025
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-630297
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128358
SN - 1873-2291
VL - 328
SP - 241
PB - Elsevier Ltd.
AN - OPUS4-63029
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Szymoniak, Paulina
A1 - Kolmangadi, Mohamed A.
A1 - Juranyi, Fanni
A1 - Böhning, Martin
A1 - Zorn, Reiner
A1 - Schönhals, Andreas
T1 - Low-Frequency Vibrational Density of State of Janus-Polynorbornenes: The Dependence of the Boson Peak on the Nanophase-Separated Structure
N2 - Inelastic incoherent neutron time-of-flight scattering was employed to investigate the low-frequency vibrational density of states (VDOSs) for a series of glassy Janus-poly(tricyclononenes), which consist of a rigid main chain and flexible alkyl side chains. Here, the length of the flexible side chains was systematically varied from propyl to octyl. Such materials have potential applications as active separation layers in gas separation membranes as a green future technology, especially for the separation of higher hydrocarbons. From the morphological point of view, the Janus polynorbornenes undergo a nanophase separation into alkyl side chain-rich nanodomains surrounded by a rigid polynorbornene matrix. Here, the influence of the nanophase-separated structure on the low-frequency VDOS is investigated from a fundamental point of view. The low-frequency VDOSs of these Janus polynorbornene show excess contributions to the Debye type VDOS known as the Boson peak (BP) for all side chain lengths. Due to the high incoherent scattering cross-section of hydrogen, most of the scattering comes from the alkyl side chain-rich domains.
Compared to conventional glass-forming materials, in the considered Janus polynorbornenes, the BP has a much lower intensity and its frequency position is shifted to higher values. These experimental results are discussed in terms of the nanophase-separated structure where the alkyl chain-rich domains were constrained by the surrounding matrix dominated by the rigid backbone. With increasing alkyl chain length, the size of the alkyl chain-rich domains increases. The frequency position of the BP shifts linearly to lower frequencies with the size of these nanodomains estimated from X-ray measurements. The obtained results support the sound wave interpretation to the BP
KW - Inelastic neutron scattering
PY - 2023
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.3c00913
SN - 0024-9297
SP - 1
EP - 10
PB - ACS
AN - OPUS4-57972
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Thomas, Hans-Martin
A1 - Rühe, S.
A1 - v. Hornhardt, A.
A1 - Krull, R.
T1 - Wirbelstrom-Handprüfsystem für Eisenbahnschienen
N2 - Besonders in beweglichen Weichenteilen, wie z.B. Zungen und beweglichen Herzstückspitzen ist die Detektion von Rissen, die zum Bruch des Bauteils führen können, von außerordentlicher Bedeutung. Wegen der komplizierten geometrischen Randbedingungen muß der Schienenprüfzug hier seinen Prüfkopfträger anheben. Aus diesem Grund werden diese Bereiche regelmäßig durch eine manuelle Ultraschallprüfung überwacht. Da auch sehr kleine Anrisse im Oberflächenbereich interessant sind, soll das bereits vorhandene Prüfverfahren durch ein Wirbelstrom-Handprüfsystem so erweitert werden, daß eine sichere Detektion in den gefährdeten Bereichen möglich ist. Aufbau und Wirkungsweise des Wirbelstrom-Handprüfsystems werden erläutert.
KW - Wirbelstrom-Handprüfsystem
KW - Eisenbahnschienen
PY - 2000
UR - http://www.ndt.net/abstract/dgzfp00/data/96.htm
SN - 3-931381-32-3
VL - 73-2
IS - 2
SP - 883
EP - 889
PB - DGZfP
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-879
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Beutel, R.
A1 - Reinhardt, H.-W.
A1 - Grosse, C. U.
A1 - Glaubitt, A.
A1 - Krause, Martin
A1 - Maierhofer, Christiane
A1 - Algernon, Daniel
A1 - Wiggenhauser, Herbert
A1 - Schickert, M.
T1 - Performance Demonstration of Non-Destructive Testing Methods
T2 - 9th European Conference on NDT
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 2006-09-25
KW - NDT-CE
KW - Concrete
KW - Ultrasonic echo
KW - Impact-echo
KW - Radar
KW - Concrete cover of tendon ducts
KW - Thickness measurement
KW - Concrete slabs
PY - 2006
SN - 3-931381-86-2
SP - 1(?)
EP - 9(?)
PB - European Federation for Non-Destructive Testing
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-14382
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Beutel, R.
A1 - Reinhardt, H.-W.
A1 - Große, C.
A1 - Krause, Martin
A1 - Algernon, Daniel
A1 - Streicher, Doreen
A1 - Maierhofer, Christiane
A1 - Glaubitt, A.
T1 - Quantitativer Verfahrensvergleich
KW - ZfPBau
KW - Ultraschallecho
KW - Radar
KW - Impact-Echo
KW - Dickenmessung
KW - Betondeckung
KW - Hüllrohrortung
KW - Betonbauteile
PY - 2006
SN - 978-3-433-01833-0
SN - 0342-7617
VL - 1
IS - Kap. V / Abschnitt 11
SP - 567
EP - 573
PB - Ernst
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-14379
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lozano-Martín, D.
A1 - Akubue, G. U.
A1 - Moreau, A.
A1 - Tuma, Dirk
A1 - Chamorro, C. R.
T1 - Accurate experimental (p, rho, T) data of the (CO2 + O2) binary system for the development of models for CCS processes
N2 - The limited availability of accurate experimental data in wide ranges of pressure, temperature, and composition is the main constraining factor for the proper development and assessment of thermodynamic models and equations of state. In the particular case of carbon capture and storage (CCS) processes, there is a clear need for data sets related to the (carbon dioxide + oxygen) mixtures that this work aims to address. This work provides new experimental (p, rho, T) data for three binary (CO2 + O2) mixtures with mole fractions of oxygen x(O2) = (0.05, 0.10, and 0.20) mol/mol, in the temperature range T = (250 to 375) K and pressure range p = (0.5 to 13) MPa. The measurements were performed with a high-precision single-sinker densimeter with magnetic suspension coupling. The density data were obtained with estimated expanded relative uncertainties of 0.02 % for the highest densities and up to 0.3 % for the lowest ones.The results were compared to the corresponding results calculated by the current reference equations of state for this kind of mixtures, namely the EOS-CG (combustion gases) and the GERG-2008 equation of state, respectively. The EOS-CG yields better estimations in density than the GERG-2008 equation of state. The results from the EOS-GC model show no systematic temperature dependence. For the GERG-2008 model, however, this criterion is significantly less fulfilled.
KW - carbon capture and storage
KW - single-sinker densimeter
KW - equation of state
PY - 2020
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jct.2020.106210
SN - 0021-9614
VL - 150
SP - 106210
PB - Elsevier Ltd.
CY - Amsterdam
AN - OPUS4-50925
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Neumann, Patrick P.
A1 - Hüllmann, Dino
A1 - Krentel, Daniel
A1 - Kluge, Martin
A1 - Kohlhoff, Harald
A1 - Lilienthal, A. J.
T1 - Gas Tomography Up In The Air!
N2 - In this paper, we present an autonomous aerial robot to reconstruct tomographic 2D slices of gas plumes in outdoor environments. Our platform, the so-called Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Remote Gas Sensing (UAV-REGAS) combines a lightweight Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) sensor with a 3-axis aerial stabilization gimbal for aiming on a versatile octocopter. The TDLAS sensor provides integral gas concentration measurements but no information regarding the distance traveled by the laser diode's beam or the distribution of the gas along the optical path. We complemented the set-up with a laser rangefinder and apply principles of Computed Tomography (CT) to create a model of the spatial gas distribution from these integral concentration measurements. To allow for a rudimentary ground truth evaluation of the applied gas tomography algorithm, we set up a unique outdoor test environment based on two 3D ultrasonic anemometers and a distributed array of 10 infrared gas transmitters. We present first results showing the 2D plume reconstruction capabilities of the system under realistic conditions.
T2 - IEEE Sensors 2018
CY - New Delhi, India
DA - 28.10.2018
KW - Aerial robot
KW - TDLAS
KW - Gas tomography
KW - Plume
PY - 2018
SN - 978-1-5386-4707-3
SP - 396
EP - 398
PB - IEEE
AN - OPUS4-46477
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Krause, Martin
A1 - Dérobert, X.
A1 - Hugenschmidt, J.
A1 - Moczko, A.
A1 - Niederleithinger, Ernst
A1 - Taffe, Alexander
ED - L. Binda,
ED - M. di Prisco,
ED - R. Felicetti,
T1 - Benchmark for thickness measurement of concrete elements
T2 - 1st International RILEM Conference, on Site Assessment of Concrete, Masonry and Timber Structures (SACoMaTiS 2008)
CY - Varenna, Italy
DA - 2008-09-01
KW - Thickness measurement
KW - Radar
KW - Ultrasonic Echo
KW - Impact-Echo and Low Strain Techniques
PY - 2008
SN - 978-2-35158-062-2
VL - 1
IS - PRO 59
SP - 357
EP - 366
PB - RILEM Publications
AN - OPUS4-18030
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lozano-Martín, D.
A1 - Pazoki, F.
A1 - Kipphardt, Heinrich
A1 - Khanipour, P.
A1 - Tuma, Dirk
A1 - Horillo, A.
A1 - Chamorro, C. R.
T1 - Thermodynamic (p, ρ, T) characterization of a reference high-calorific natural gas mixture when hydrogen is added up to 20 % (mol/mol)
N2 - The injection of hydrogen into the natural-gas grid is an alternative during the process of a gradual decarbonization of the heat and power supply. When dealing with hydrogen-enriched natural gas mixtures, the performance of the reference equations of state habitually used for natural gas should be validated by using high-precision experimental thermophysical data from multicomponent reference mixtures prepared with the lowest possible uncertainty in composition. In this work, we present experimental density data for an 11-compound high-calorific (hydrogen-free) natural gas mixture and for two derived hydrogen-enriched natural gas mixtures prepared by adding (10 and 20) mol-% of hydrogen to the original standard natural gas mixture. The three mixtures were prepared gravimetrically according to ISO 6142–1 for maximum precision in their composition and thus qualify for reference materials. A single-sinker densimeter was used to determine the density of the mixtures from (250–350) K and up to 20 MPa. The experimental density results of this work have been compared to the densities calculated by three different reference equations of state for natural gas related mixtures: the AGA8-DC92 EoS, the GERG-2008 EoS, and an improved version of the GERG-2008 EoS. While relative deviations of the experimental density data for the hydrogen-free natural gas mixture are always within the claimed uncertainty of the three considered equations of state, larger deviations can be observed for the hydrogen-enriched natural gas mixtures from any of the three equations of state, especially for the lowest temperature and the highest pressures.
KW - Hydrogen-enriched natural gas
KW - Single-sinker densimeter
KW - High-pressure density
KW - Equations of state
PY - 2024
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-604742
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.05.028
SN - 0360-3199
VL - 70
SP - 118
EP - 135
PB - Elsevier BV
CY - Amsterdam
AN - OPUS4-60474
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Anker, Andy S.
A1 - Aspuru-Guzik, Alán
A1 - Ben Mahmoud, Chiheb
A1 - Bennett, Sophie
A1 - Briling, Ksenia R.
A1 - Changiarath, Arya
A1 - Chong, Sanggyu
A1 - Collins, Christopher M.
A1 - Cooper, Andrew I.
A1 - Crusius, Daniel
A1 - Darmawan, Kevion K.
A1 - Das, Basita
A1 - David, Nicholas
A1 - Day, Graeme M.
A1 - Deringer, Volker L.
A1 - Duarte, Fernanda
A1 - Eardley-Brunt, Annabel
A1 - Evans, Matthew L.
A1 - Evans, Rob
A1 - Fairlamb, Ian
A1 - Franklin, Barnabas A.
A1 - Frey, Jeremy
A1 - Ganose, Alex M.
A1 - Goulding, Mark
A1 - Hafizi, Roohollah
A1 - Hakkennes, Matthijs
A1 - Hickey, Niamh
A1 - James, Gillian
A1 - Jelfs, Kim E.
A1 - Kalikadien, Adarsh V.
A1 - Kapil, Venkat
A1 - Koczor-Benda, Zsuzsanna
A1 - Krammer, Ferdinand
A1 - Kulik, Heather J.
A1 - Kumar, Vishank
A1 - Kuttner, Christian
A1 - Lam, Erwin
A1 - Lou, Yuchen
A1 - Mante, Eltjo
A1 - Martin, Jennie
A1 - Mroz, Austin M.
A1 - Nematiaram, Tahereh
A1 - Pare, Charles W. P.
A1 - Patra, Sarbani
A1 - Proudfoot, James
A1 - Ruscic, Branko
A1 - Ryder, Matthew R.
A1 - Sakaushi, Ken
A1 - Saßmannshausen, Jörg
A1 - Savoie, Brett M.
A1 - Schneider, Nadine
A1 - Schwaller, Philippe
A1 - Skjelstad, Bastian Bjerkem
A1 - Sun, Wenhao
A1 - Szczypiński, Filip T.
A1 - Torrisi, Steven
A1 - Ueltzen, Katharina
A1 - Vishnoi, Shubham
A1 - Walsh, Aron
A1 - Wang, Xinwei
A1 - Wilson, Chloe
A1 - Wu, Ruiqi
A1 - Zeitler, Jakob
T1 - Discovering structure–property correlations: General discussion
N2 - This article is a discussion of the paper "Web-BO: Towards increased accessibility of Bayesian optimisation (BO) for chemistry" by Austin M. Mroz, Piotr N. Toka, Ehecatl Antonio del Río Chanona and Kim E. Jelfs (Faraday discussions, 2025, 256, 221-234).
KW - Materials design
KW - Machine learning
KW - Automation
KW - Materials discovery
PY - 2025
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fd90062f
SN - 1359-6640
SN - 1364-5498
VL - 256
IS - Themed collection: Data-driven discovery in the chemical sciences
SP - 373
EP - 412
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
CY - Cambridge
AN - OPUS4-62208
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Anker, Andy S.
A1 - Aspuru-Guzik, Alán
A1 - Bechtel, Tim
A1 - Bigi, Filippo
A1 - Briling, Ksenia R.
A1 - Das, Basita
A1 - David, Nicholas
A1 - Day, Graeme M.
A1 - Deringer, Volker L.
A1 - Dyer, Matthew
A1 - Eardley-Brunt, Annabel
A1 - Evans, Matthew L.
A1 - Evans, Rob
A1 - Franklin, Barnabas A.
A1 - Ganose, Alex M.
A1 - George, Janine
A1 - Goulding, Mark
A1 - Hickey, Niamh
A1 - James, Gillian
A1 - Kalikadien, Adarsh V.
A1 - Kapil, Venkat
A1 - Kulik, Heather J.
A1 - Kumar, Vishank
A1 - Kuttner, Christian
A1 - Lam, Erwin
A1 - Lederbauer, Magdalena
A1 - Lou, Yuchen
A1 - Martin, Jennie
A1 - Marulanda Bran, Andres
A1 - Mathea, Miriam
A1 - Pickard, Chris J.
A1 - Ruscic, Branko
A1 - Ryder, Matthew R.
A1 - Sabanza Gil, Victor
A1 - Schwaller, Philippe
A1 - Segler, Marwin H. S.
A1 - Sun, Wenhao
A1 - Tanovic, Sara
A1 - Treyde, Wojtek
A1 - Walsh, Aron
A1 - Wu, Ruiqi
T1 - Discovering synthesis targets: General discussion
N2 - This article is a discussion of the paper "Analysis of uncertainty of neural fingerprint-based models" by Christian W. Feldmann, Jochen Sieg and Miriam Mathea (Faraday discussions, 2025, DOI: 10.1039/D4FD00095A).
KW - Automation
KW - Materials acceleration platforms
KW - Machine learning
KW - Materials design
KW - Materials discovery
KW - Density functional theory
KW - Ab initio
PY - 2025
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/D4FD90064B
SN - 1359-6640
SN - 1364-5498
VL - 256
IS - Themed collection: Data-driven discovery in the chemical sciences
SP - 639
EP - 663
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
CY - Cambridge
AN - OPUS4-62317
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Emamverdi, Farnaz
A1 - Huang, J.
A1 - Mosane Razavi, Negar
A1 - Bojdys, M. J.
A1 - Forster, A. B.
A1 - Budd, P. M.
A1 - Böhning, Martin
A1 - Schönhals, Andreas
T1 - Molecular Mobility and Gas Transport Properties of Mixed Matrix Membranes Based on PIM‑1 and a Phosphinine Containing Covalent Organic Framework
N2 - Polymers with intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) are gaining attention as gas separation membranes. Nevertheless, they face limitations due to pronounced physical aging. In this study a covalent organic framework containing λ5-phosphinine moieties, CPSF-EtO were incorporated as a nanofiller (concentration range 0-10 wt%) into a PIM-1 matrix forming dense films with a thickness of ca. 100 μm. The aim of the investigation was to investigate possible enhancements of gas transport properties and mitigating effects on physical aging. The incorporation of the nanofiller occurred on aggregate level with domains up to 100 nm as observed by T-SEM and confirmed by X-ray scattering. Moreover, the X-ray data show that the structure of the microporous network of the PIM-1 matrix is changed by the nanofiller.
As the molecular mobility is fundamental for gas transport as well as for physical aging, the study includes dielectric investigations of pure PIM-1 and PIM-1/CPSF-EtO mixed matrix membranes to establish a correlation between the molecular mobility and the gas transport properties. Using the time-lag method the gas permeability and the permselectivity were determined for N2, O2, CH4 and CO2 for samples with variation in filler content. A significant increase in the permeability of CH4 and CO2 (50 % increase compared to pure PIM-1) was observed for a concentration of 5 wt% of the nanofiller. Furthermore, the most pronounced change in the permselectivity was found for the gas pair CO2/N2 at a filler concentration of 7 wt%.
KW - Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity
KW - Nanocomposites
PY - 2024
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-595031
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.3c02419
SN - 0024-9297
VL - 57
IS - 4
SP - 1829
EP - 1845
PB - ACS Publications
AN - OPUS4-59503
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Becker, D.
A1 - Konnertz, Nora
A1 - Böhning, Martin
A1 - Schmidt, J.
A1 - Thomas, A.
T1 - Light-switchable polymers of intrinsic microporosity
N2 - The interest in (micro)porous systems is greater than ever before with microporous polymers finding application in areas such as gas storage/separation and catalysis. In contrast to the vast majority of publications on microporous polymers seeking ever higher values for surface area or uptake capacity for a particular gas, this work presents a means to render a microporous system responsive to electromagnetic stimuli. The incorporation of a diarylethene (DAE) derivative in the backbone of a polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM) produces a microporous system that exhibits photochromism as proven by UV–vis absorption and NMR studies. In the resulting DAE-PIM, surface area is not a fixed unalterable property but can be influenced by the external and nondestructive stimulus light in a reversible manner. Furthermore, in combination with Matrimid, free-standing membranes can be produced that display light-switchable diffusivity and permeability for carbon dioxide and oxygen. In this way, material scientists are offered the potential to employ only one system that can assume several states with different properties for each.
KW - Gaspermeation
KW - Diffusion
KW - Polymer intrinsischer Mikroporosität
KW - UV-VIS
PY - 2016
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b02619
SN - 0897-4756
VL - 28
IS - 23
SP - 8523
EP - 8529
PB - ACS
CY - Whashington,DC
AN - OPUS4-38735
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Rösch, A.
A1 - Hillemeier, B.
A1 - Porzig, Ekkehard
A1 - Krause, Martin
A1 - Maierhofer, Christiane
ED - Schickert, G.
T1 - Air voids, poor compaction and areas of low concrete strength detection in concrete by pulse velocity measurements
T2 - International Symposium Non-Destructive Testing in Civil Engineering (NDT-CE)
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 1995-09-26
KW - Beton, Stabilität
KW - Ultraschall
KW - Fehlstelle
KW - Hohlraum
PY - 1995
SN - 3-931381-02-1
N1 - Serientitel: BB / DGZfP – Series title: BB / DGZfP
VL - 2
SP - 895
EP - 902
PB - DGZfP, Dt. Ges. für Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung e.V.
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-595
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Zhang, Yue
A1 - Martin, A.
A1 - Wolf, G.-U.
A1 - Rabe, S.
A1 - Worzala, H.
A1 - Lücke, B.
A1 - Meisel, M.
A1 - Witke, Klaus
T1 - Structural transformations of VOHPO4.1/2H2O in the Presence of Ammonia
KW - Vanadium
KW - Ammoniak
KW - Phosphat
KW - Phyrophosphorsäure
PY - 1996
SN - 0897-4756
SN - 1520-5002
VL - 8
IS - 5
SP - 1135
EP - 1140
PB - American Chemical Society
CY - Washington, DC
AN - OPUS4-684
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Agroui, K.
A1 - Collins, G.
A1 - Oreski, G.
A1 - Böhning, Martin
A1 - Hadj Arab, A.
A1 - Ouadjaout, D.
T1 - Effect of crosslinking on EVA-based encapsulant properties during photovoltaic module fabrication process
N2 - The key objective of this work is to create a comprehensive comparison between experimental analysis methods for detecting crosslinking reaction in EVA encapsulant material during PV module fabrication process. Several analytical methods, spanning from classical gel content extraction measurements over different thermo-analytic and mechanical approaches to spectroscopic analysis as Thermally Stimulated Current (TSC), have been investigated as to their ability to reveal the crosslinking state of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA). The basic results show that TSC complements perfectly other thermal analysis methods like as Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA) to determine fundamental properties of EVA such as molecular mobility characteristics and also to monitor the crosslinking reaction. Exothermic peak as revealed by DSC analysis can be used to estimate the crosslinking rate of EVA during PV module encapsulation process as fast quality control test. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
L'objectif principal de ce travail est de permettre une meilleure compréhension entre les différentes techniques analyses expérimentales pour détecter la réaction de réticulation au niveau de lencapsulant Ethylène-Vinyle Acétate (EVA), durant le process de fabrication d'un module PV. Plusieurs méthodes d'analyse, allant du test classique d'extraction du taux de gel aux différentes techniques d'analyses thermomécaniques ainsi que les techniques d'analyse de spectroscopie comme le courant stimulé thermiquement (TSC), ont été étudiés pour permettre de révéler le phénomène de la réaction de réticulation de l'encapsulant l'EVA. Les résultats de base montrent que la TSC complète parfaitement d'autres méthodes d'analyses thermiques comme la calorimétrie différentielle à balayage (DSC), l'analyse mécanique dynamique (DMTA) pour déterminer les propriétés fondamentales de l'EVA. Ces techniques permettent de déterminer les caractéristiques relatives à la mobilité moléculaire et aussi pour mieux mettre en évidence la réaction de réticulation. Le pic exothermique comme révélé par l'analyse par DSC, peut être utilisé pour estimer le taux de réticulation de l'EVA au cours du process d'encapsulation du module PV comme un test rapide de contrôle de qualité.
KW - EVA
KW - Photovoltaic module
KW - Crosslinking process
KW - Thermal properties
KW - Mechanical properties
PY - 2015
SN - 1112-2242
VL - 18
IS - 2
SP - 303
EP - 314
AN - OPUS4-34994
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Tuma, Dirk
A1 - Moreau, A.
A1 - Polishuk, I.
A1 - Segovia, J. J.
A1 - Vega-Maza, D.
A1 - Martín, M. C.
T1 - Measurements and predictions of densities and viscosities in CO2 + hydrocarbon mixtures at high pressures and temperatures: CO2 + n-pentane and CO2 + n-hexane blends
N2 - This work reports new experimental data on densities and viscosities of (CO2 + n-pentane) and (CO2 + n-hexane) mixtures at high pressures and temperatures. The densities were measured by a vibrating-tube densimeter with an expanded uncertainty (k = 2) smaller than 1.8 kg/m3 at six isotherms (from 273.15 K to 373.15 K), twelve pressures starting at 5 MPa up to 100 MPa, and at six CO2 molar compositions (from 0 to 0.6). The viscosities were measured by a vibrating-wire viscometer with the corresponding relative expanded uncertainty (k = 2) smaller than 0.016 at five isotherms (from 273.15 K to 373.15 K), twelve pressures (from 5 MPa up to 100 MPa), and at two CO2 molar compositions (0.1 and 0.3). The densities were fitted by the semiempirical Tammann-Tait equation for density data and the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann (VFT) equation for viscosity data, respectively. The Groupe Européen de Recherches Gazières (GERG-2008) equation of state was also applied for modelling the densities. Over-all robustness and reliability of the Perturbed-Chain Statistical Association Fluid Theory (PC-SAFT) and its critical point-based modification (CP-PC-SAFT) were examined. Accuracies of the Modified Yarranton-Satyro (MYS) coupled with CP-PC-SAFT and the NIST Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties Database (REFPROP 10) in predicting the viscosities were evaluated.
KW - CO2 + n-alkanes
KW - thermophysical properties
KW - Perturbed-Chain Statistical Association Fluid Theory
PY - 2022
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-555728
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119518
SN - 0167-7322
VL - 360
SP - 1
EP - 15
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
AN - OPUS4-55572
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Gruskovà, J.
A1 - Martin, G.
A1 - Kresten, O.
A1 - Mitthoff, F.
A1 - Kaska, K.
A1 - Hofmann, C.
A1 - Kreuzer, W.
A1 - Phelps, M.
A1 - Boydston, K.
A1 - Easton Jr., R. L.
A1 - Knox, K. T.
A1 - Kelbe, D.
A1 - Kasotakis, D.
A1 - Christens-Barry, W. A.
A1 - Stewart, D.
A1 - Rabin, Ira
A1 - Hahn, Oliver
A1 - Glaser, L.
A1 - Garrevoet, J.
A1 - Shevchuk, I.
A1 - Klumpp, S.
A1 - Deckers, D.
A1 - Buck, J.
ED - Cronier, M.
ED - Mondrain, B.
T1 - Insights-into-the-Digital-Recovery-of-the-Scythica-Vindobonesia
N2 - The Scythica Vindobonensia, the new fragments on Gothic incursions into Roman provinces in the Balkans in the middle of the third century AD that were revealed some years ago in a Greek palimpsest at the Austrian National Library in Vienna (ÖNB), are commonly considered as one of the most important additions of the last decades to the corpus of texts from classical Antiquity. Tere is a high degree of confdence among scholars in supposing that the fragments come from the lost work Scythica written in Greek by the third-century historian P. Herennius Dexippus (Δέξιππος) of Athens. The new fragments have hence also been called Dexippus Vindobonensis. In his Scythica, Dexippus recorded wars of the Romans with the Goths (and other tribes) whom he called Scythians.
The work had been hitherto known only from excerpts and quotes by later authors. Eight pages of a Byzantine manuscript copy of the ancient text have survived hidden underneath the visible surface of the last four parchment folios of the Vienna manuscript Historicus graecus 73, f. 192r -195v4. The copy is written in a Greek calligraphic minuscule which has been estimated by palaeographers to be of the middle or the second half of the eleventh century. In the thirteenth century, the text (on each of the eight pages arranged in one column, with 30 lines per page) was washed of the parchment and the valuable material made from animal skin was re-used for Christian texts. The new writing largely covered the faded remnants of the original text. It thus became hidden from the human eye for more than seven hundred years. Its discovery by Jana Grusková, a classical philologist specialized in the transmission of Greek texts, resulted from a systematic review of all Greek palimpsests kept at the Austrian National Library in Vienna at the beginning of the twenty-first century and a detailed examination of the four folios in 2007-20097.
KW - Scythica Vindobonensia,
KW - Gothic incursions
KW - A Greek palimpsest
KW - Antiquity
KW - Byzantine manuscript
KW - Vienna manuscript
PY - 2020
SN - 978-2-916716-81-7
SN - 0577-1471
VL - 2020
IS - 24/1
SP - 945
EP - 967
PB - Association des Amis du Centre d’Histoire et Civilisation de Byzance
CY - Paris
ET - 1
AN - OPUS4-53843
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Lozano-Martín, D.
A1 - Moreau, A.
A1 - Vega-Maza, D.
A1 - Chamorro, C. R.
T1 - High-pressure density data of binary (carbon dioxide + oxygen) mixtures for the development of equation-of-state models
N2 - On the way to a low carbon economy mixtures containing carbon dioxide become increasingly important. Processing of such gas mixtures requires reliable thermodynamic models that can accurately describe the state of matter over an extended range. Mixtures with oxygen for example, are frequently encountered in carbon capture and storage (CCS) processes.
This work reports new experimental (p, rho, T) data at T = (250 to 375 K) and up to a maximum pressure pmax = 20 MPa for five binary (CO2 + O2) mixtures which cover the entire composition range.
T2 - 31st European Symposium on Applied Thermodynamics
CY - Online meeting
DA - 05.07.2021
KW - Binary mixtures CO2 + O2
KW - Density measurements
KW - Equations of state
PY - 2021
AN - OPUS4-53990
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - König, S.
A1 - Diersch, R.
A1 - Lührmann, A.
A1 - Müller, Karsten
A1 - Neumann, Martin
A1 - Quercetti, Thomas
A1 - Droste, Bernhard
T1 - Full-Scale Drop Testing of the CONSTOR®, V/TC Package Program, and Preliminary Results
KW - Drop test
KW - Package
KW - Spent fuel cask
KW - Transport
PY - 2005
SN - 0893-6188
VL - 33
IS - 3
SP - 4
EP - 10
PB - Institute of Nuclear Materials Management
CY - Northbrook, Ill.
AN - OPUS4-12269
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - König, S.
A1 - Diersch, R.
A1 - Lührmann, A.
A1 - Müller, Karsten
A1 - Neumann, Martin
A1 - Quercetti, Thomas
A1 - Droste, Bernhard
T1 - Full-scale Drop Testing of the CONSTOR V/TC Package - Program and Preliminary Results
KW - Fallversuche
KW - Transportbehälter für radioaktive Stoffe
PY - 2005
SN - 0893-6188
VL - 33
IS - 3
SP - 4
EP - 10
PB - Institute of Nuclear Materials Management
CY - Northbrook, Ill.
AN - OPUS4-6875
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Martin, T
A1 - Zimmermann, E
A1 - Klitzsch, N
A1 - Hördt, A
A1 - Huisman, J A
A1 - Radic, T
A1 - Kruschwitz, Sabine
T1 - Round-robin test of SIP laboratory measurements using electrical test networks
N2 - This study presents the results of an interlaboratory test designed to evaluate the accuracy of spectral induced polarization (SIP) measurements using controlled electrical test networks. The study, conducted in Germany since 2006, involved 12 research institutes, six different impedance measurement devices and four types of electrical test networks specifically designed to evaluate phase shift errors in SIP measurements. The test networks, with impedances ranging from 100 to 150 kΩ, represent high-impedance samples with different phase characteristics, and pose the measurement challenges typical of such samples, including high contact impedances and parasitic capacitances. Four key findings emerged from the study: (1) Impedance measurements across all devices showed deviations within 1 per cent over a wide frequency range (0.001–1000 Hz); (2) phase errors remained below 1 mrad up to 100 Hz for most devices, but increased at higher frequencies due to parasitic capacitances and electromagnetic coupling effects; (3) lab-specific instruments have lower phase errors than field instruments when used in a laboratory environment, primarily due to the effects of long cables and too low input impedances of the field instruments; and (4) short cables and driven shielding technology effectively minimized parasitic capacitance and improved measurement accuracy. The study highlights the usefulness of test networks in assessing the accuracy of SIP measurements and raises awareness of the various factors influencing the quality of SIP data.
KW - Induced polarization
KW - Electrical properties
KW - Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT)
PY - 2025
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-636755
DO - https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaf153
SN - 0956-540X
VL - 242
IS - 1
SP - 1
EP - 13
PB - Oxford University Press (OUP)
AN - OPUS4-63675
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -