TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Verwendung von Informatik- und mathematischen Werkzeugen zur Qualifizierung der Messdaten der Explosionsgrenzen von Gasgemischen T2 - Tagen der Technischen Chemie CY - Veszprém, Hungary DA - 2003-04-08 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-3951 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Datenbank CHEMSAFE T2 - ACHEMA 2003, "27. Internationaler Ausstellungskongreß für Chemische Technik Umweltschutz und Biotechnologie", BAM-Messestand CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 2003-05-19 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-3943 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Curve fitting problems at the evaluation of explosion diagrams T2 - IX. International Workshop on Chemical Engineering Mathematics CY - Bad Honnef, Germany DA - 2003-07-14 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-3944 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Informationssysteme: CHEMSAFE - Datenbank bewerteter sicherheitstechnischer Kenngrößen für den Brand- und Explosionsschutz T2 - 3. Behörden-Erfahrungsaustausch CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2004-05-03 PY - 2004 AN - OPUS4-5293 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Determination of Fire and Explosion Hazards of Dusts, Vapours, Gases and their Mixtures according to the EC Directives by using the Database CHEMSAFE N2 - According to the European Occupation Safety and Health guideline (especially the EC hazardous materials directive 98/24/EC on the protection of the health and safety of workers from the risks related to chemical agents at work) the employer is obliged to identify and evaluate the risk on exposure to dangerous substances at the working place. For this purpose they need reliable, easily available and evaluated data by expert to estimate the risk not only on toxicity but also on fire and explosion. This contribution will show the use of the database CHEMSAFE to search for substances and their mixtures which have hazardous physico-chemical properties and safety characteristics for fire and explosion. The database include more than 3000 substances in 57000 data tables. Safety characteristics like explosion range for more than 200 gas mixtures up to 100 bar and 400 °C are an important part of it. It will be also demonstrated how one can avoid the explosive atmospheres using the measure inerting and for this purpose the necessary data, for e. g. limiting oxygen concentration, can be taken from this database. Also estimation methods for classification of gas mixtures for flammability are included in CHEMSAFE. On the same time the audience will be encouraged to cooperate in order to extend the database with data measured by other institutions or the field of application of the database for example with additional data such as DSC, SADT or other data concerning thermal stability and calorimetry.Cooperation is also possible for developing estimation and calculation methods on the basis of this evaluated database. T2 - 1st Italian Convention on Safety & Environment in Process Industry CY - Palermo, Italy DA - 2004-11-28 PY - 2004 AN - OPUS4-5295 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - CHEMSAFE - Die Datenbank für bewertete sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen (in ungarischer Sprache) T2 - Behördenerfahrungsaustausch, Bergbauamt Ungarn (MBH) CY - Budapest, Hungary DA - 2005-05-03 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-11773 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Razus, D. A1 - Molnarne, Maria A1 - Movileanu, C. A1 - Irimia, A. T1 - Estimation of LOC (Limiting Oxygen Concentration) of Fuel-Air-Inert Mixtures at Elevated Temperatures by means of Adiabatic Flame Temperatures N2 - The limiting values of fuel concentration in a flammable fuel–air mixture are the LEL (lower explosion limit) and UEL (upper explosion limit). The addition of an inert component to fuel/air mixtures determines the increase of LEL and decrease of UEL, until these values finally merge at the inerting point. The maximum oxygen amount of a non-flammable fuel–air–inert mixture is the LOC (limiting oxygen concentration), an important safety characteristics. The investigation of a comprehensive set of flammability data at elevated temperatures and ambient pressure taken from literature sources was made for systems containing nitrogen, carbon dioxide and water(vapour) as inert components, at 100°, 200° and 250 °C. The adiabatic flame temperatures at LEL (CAFTLEL) and LOC (CAFTLOC) were calculated by taking into account the dissociation of gases within the flame. A linear correlation of CAFTLOC versus CAFTLEL was empirically derived for the examined systems. The slope and intercept of the correlation are dependent on temperature and on nature of the inert gas. The correlation allows the development of a simple procedure for estimating LOC, when the LEL of fuel–air and the equivalence ratio of the fuel–air–inert mixture at the inerting point are known. Knowing the scarce information concerning the flammability of fuel–air–inert mixtures at temperatures higher than ambient, the proposed procedure brings about an useful tool for estimation of LOC. KW - Limiting oxygen concentration KW - Lower explosion limit KW - Calculated adiabatic flame temperature KW - Explosion of gases KW - Flammability PY - 2006 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_aset=V-WA-A-W-A-MsSAYWA-UUW-U-AABEVUVVEU-AABZEYCWEU-CDDDVBEVC-A-U&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_udi=B6TFH-4H6PKBF-1&_coverDate=03%2F31%2F2006&_cdi=5227&_orig=search&_st=13&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000049503&_version= DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2005.06.010 SN - 0255-2701 SN - 1873-3204 VL - 45 IS - 3 SP - 193 EP - 197 PB - Elsevier CY - Lausanne AN - OPUS4-11775 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Molnarne, Maria A1 - Schröder, Volkmar T1 - Biogáz robbanási határainak kiszámítása methán/széndioxid/levegö rendszer robbanási határ adataiból / Estimation of the explosion limits of biogas mixtures by using the explosiondiagram of a methane/carbon dioxide/air system N2 - The knowledge of the explosion limits of biogases in air is necessary to define explosion protection measures. Biogases from agricultural plants vary however in their composition, so that for each gas composition the explosion limits would have to be measured. Frequently the explosion limits of biogas are therefore referred in the safety-relevant literature only to the methane fraction of the gas mixture, without indicating this additionally. This leads to the fact that the explosion ranges for the total mixture consists of methane, carbon dioxide and further residual gases are falsely specified. For this reason a simple method is presented in the following, which show, how the explosion limits of a biogas can be determined from its methane content using an explosion diagram of methane/carbon dioxide/air system. The explosion diagram was measured according to the German Standard DIN 51649-1. The presented calculation method supplies however correct results only if the nitrogen fraction in the biogas does not exceed approx. 5 % by volume. T2 - Conference of Chemical Engineering CY - Veszprém, Hungary DA - 2006-04-25 KW - Biogas KW - CHEMSAFE KW - Explosionsdiagramm KW - Sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen KW - Explosionsschutz PY - 2006 SN - 963-9495-86-7 IS - 1 SP - 36 EP - 39 PB - Pannon Egyetem CY - Veszprem AN - OPUS4-12298 LA - hun AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria A1 - Schröder, Volkmar ED - Buratti, S. S. T1 - Using explosion diagrams for estimation of the explosion limits of biogas mixtures N2 - Biogas is an important source of renewable energy. It consists mainly of methane and carbon dioxide, with low levels of hydrogen sulphide and other gases. That means, that the toxicological aspects and the flammability of biogas has to be taken into account. A serious accident has happened just recently in a biogas production plant in Germany, accompanied with injuries and four totalities. The methane content of the different types of biogases varies from about 82 % till 40 % and the rest is mostly carbon dioxide with trace gases depending on the anaerobe digestion process. These plants must also be controlled to avoid pollution and the risk of explosion. The 1999/92/EC Directive (ATEX 137) addressed to employer. The employer of such plants needs to implement safety requirements, such as prevention of explosive atmospheres, avoiding ignition sources, etc. In addition he has to prepare an explosion protection document and carry out a hazard assessment. The basic information for these documents based on the safety characteristics of the produced gases. These data can be taken e. g. from the database CHEMSAFE® using explosion diagrams of methane/carbon dioxide/air mixtures. In the literature the biogas explosion limits often presented in a confusing way. In this presentation a simple method will be shown to get correct values by correlation of the explosion limits with the methane content of the biogas. While biogas production will be forecast with an acceleration of growth in the future, it is essential to clear this important safety problem. T2 - 2nd International Conference on Safety & Environment in Process Industry (CISAP-2) CY - Naples, Italy DA - 2006-05-21 KW - Biogas KW - CHEMSAFE KW - Explosionsdiagramm KW - Sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen KW - Explosionsschutz PY - 2006 SN - 88-901915-1-1 N1 - Serientitel: Chemical engineering transactions – Series title: Chemical engineering transactions IS - 9 SP - 83 EP - 88 PB - Assoziatione Italiana di Ingegneria Chimica CY - Milano AN - OPUS4-12390 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Estimation of the explosions limits of biogas mixtures by using the explosion diagram of CH4/CO2/air T2 - Müszaki Kémiai Napok'06 (Days of Chemical Engineering'06) CY - Veszprém, Hungary DA - 2006-04-25 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-12437 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Using explosion diagrams for estimation of the explosion limits of biogas mixtures T2 - CISAP-2: 2nd International Conference on Safety & Evironment in Process Industry, 21. - 24. Mai 2006 CY - Naples, Italy DA - 2006-05-21 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-12422 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Verlässliche Datenquellen - Darstellung der Kenngrößen in der Datenbank CHEMSAFE T2 - Weiterbildungskurs der DECHEMA CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 2005-06-15 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-11247 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen des Brand- und Explosionsschutzes von brennbaren Stäuben T2 - Weiterbildungskurs der DECHEMA CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 2005-06-15 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-11242 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen des Brand- und Explosionsschutzes von brennbaren Gasen und Gemischen - Ermittlung und Bewertung der Kenngrößen - Dreiecksdiagramme, Inertisierung T2 - Weiterbildungskurs der DECHEMA CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 2005-06-15 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-11243 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Brand- und Explosionsschutz: Prinzipien des Explosionsschutzes, relevante sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen T2 - DECHEMA Weiterbildungskurs "Grundlagen und rechtliche Anforderungen des Explosionsschutzes" CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 2005-06-15 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-11245 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Gefährdungsbeurteilung nach der GefStoffV T2 - Weiterbildungskurs der DECHEMA CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 2005-06-16 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-11246 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - CHEMSAFE - Datenbank für bewertete sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen des Brand- und Explosionsschutzes T2 - POWTECH 2005 (ExploRisk) CY - Nuremberg, Germany DA - 2005-10-11 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-10979 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Spline Functions in Evaluation of explosion limit curves for gas mixtures T2 - 10th International Workshop on Chemical Engineering Mathematics CY - Budapest, Hungary DA - 2005-08-18 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-11147 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - CHEMSAFE - Datenbank für bewertete sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen T2 - POWTECH (ExploRisk 2005 - Internationale Fachmesse für Explosionschutz und Anlagensicherheit) CY - Nuremberg, Germany DA - 2005-10-11 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-11584 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - CHEMSAFE - Datenbank für bewertete sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen des Brand- und Explosionsschutzes T2 - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven CY - Leuven, Belgium DA - 2005-12-08 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-11709 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Presentation of the Activities of the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing and the Department II T2 - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven CY - Leuven, Belgium DA - 2005-12-08 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-11710 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Molnarne, Maria A1 - Kollar-Hunek, Klara T1 - Spline Functions in Evaluation of Explosion Limit Curves for Gas Mixtures N2 - The paper discusses a new method to approximate the sometimes missing apex point of the explosion limit curves of flammable substances with diluents in air. The base of the new method is to vary the frame points of the co-monotonic splines using de Casteljau algorithm. We show several examples for flammable/inert/oxidising gas containing systems – selected by the program TRIANGLE – where the method was applied. Due to the definition of the frame of splines it can be stated that the new method never restricts the explosion range around the apex and shifts the explosion limit curve into the direction of higher inert gas concentrations. This means that the new method can correct the highly “cut down nose” of the co-monotonic splines and gives a safer explosion range of these systems. KW - Ternary flammable systems KW - Inerting KW - Explosion areas KW - Co-monotonic spline curves KW - CHEMSAFE KW - TRIANGLE Programm KW - Explosion KW - Dreistoffsysteme KW - Spline interpolation PY - 2005 SN - 0133-0276 VL - 33 IS - 1-2 SP - 75 EP - 80 PB - Hungarian Oil and Gas Research Institute CY - Veszprém AN - OPUS4-13514 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen des Brand- und Explosionsschutzes von brennbaren Gasen, Gemischen T2 - DECHEMA Weiterbildungskurs "Grundlagen und rechtliche Anforderungen des Explosionsschutzes", CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 2006-10-23 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-13750 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Gefährdungsbeurteilung nach der GefStoffV T2 - DECHEMA-Weiterbildungskurs "Grundlagen und rechtliche Anforderungen des Explosionsschutzes" CY - Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland DA - 2006-10-23 PY - 2006 IS - Kurshandbuch SP - 16 Seiten PB - DECHEMA CY - Frankfurt am Main AN - OPUS4-13735 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Explosion protection by using the database CHEMSAFE T2 - AIChE 2007 Spring National Meeting, 3rd Global Congress on Process Safety, 9th Process Plant Safety Symposium CY - Houston, TX, USA DA - 2007-04-22 PY - 2007 AN - OPUS4-14780 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Explosion protection by using the database CHEMSAFE T2 - AIChE 2007 - Spring National Meeting CY - Houston, Texas, USA DA - 2007-04-22 KW - CHEMSAFE KW - TRIANGLE Programm KW - Explosion KW - Dreistoffsysteme KW - Chemisch instabile Gase KW - Berechnungsmethode PY - 2007 SN - 978-0-816910-14-4 N1 - Serientitel: P / AIChE, American Institute of Chemical Engineers – Series title: P / AIChE, American Institute of Chemical Engineers IS - 237 SP - 465 EP - 474 PB - AIChE CY - New York AN - OPUS4-14807 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Wie werden Explosionsgrenzen von Biogasen berechnet? T2 - "ProzessNet" Jahrestagung 2007 CY - Aachen, Germany DA - 2007-10-16 PY - 2007 AN - OPUS4-15617 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Verlässliche Datenquellen, Darstellung der Kenngrößen in der Datenbank CHEMSAFE T2 - DECHEMA Weiterbildungskurs "Grundlagen und rechtliche Anforderungen des Explosionsschutzes" CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 2006-10-23 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-16193 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Brand- und Explosionsschutz: Prinzipien des Explosionsschutzes, relevante sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen T2 - DECHEMA Weiterbildungskurs "Grundlagen und rechtliche Anforderungen des Explosionsschutzes" CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 2006-10-23 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-16194 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Gefährdungsbeurteilung nach der Gefahrstoffverordnung T2 - DECHEMA-Weiterbildungskurs "Grundlagen und rechtliche Anforderungen des Explosionsschutzes" CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 2006-10-23 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-16195 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Brand- und Explosionsschutz: Prinzipien des Explosionsschutzes, relevante sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen T2 - DECHEMA Weiterbildungskurs "Grundlagen und rechtliche Anforderungen des Explosionsschutzes" CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 2007-10-23 PY - 2007 AN - OPUS4-16234 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Verlässliche Datenquellen, Darstellung der Kenngrößen in der Datenbank CHEMSAFE T2 - DECHEMA Weiterbildungskurs "Grundlagen und rechtliche Anforderungen des Explosionsschutzes" CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 2007-10-23 PY - 2007 AN - OPUS4-16235 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Gefährdungsbeurteilung nach der Gefahrstoffverordnung T2 - DECHEMA-Weiterbildungskurs "Grundlagen und rechtliche Anforderungen des Explosionsschutzes" CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 2007-10-23 PY - 2007 AN - OPUS4-16236 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen des Brand- und Explosionsschutzes von brennbaren Gasen, Gemischen (Beispiel: Biogas) T2 - DECHEMA-Weiterbildungskurs "Grundlagen und rechtliche Anforderungen des Explosionsschutzes" CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 2007-10-23 PY - 2007 AN - OPUS4-16238 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schröder, Volkmar A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Die Explosionsgrenzen von Biogas in Luft N2 - Für den Explosionsschutz in Biogasanlagen ist es erforderlich, die Explosionsgrenzen des Gases in Luft zu kennen. Biogase aus landwirtschaftlichen Anlagen haben jedoch eine schwankende Zusammensetzung, sodass für jede Gemischzusammensetzung die Explosionsgrenzen experimentell bestimmt werden müssten. Dies ist i. d. R. mit erheblichem Aufwand verbunden. In diesem Beitrag wird eine Methode vorgestellt, bei der mithilfe von zwei Explosionsdiagrammen die Explosionsgrenzen von Biogas mit bekannter Zusammensetzung abgeschätzt werden können. Dabei werden neben dem Methan- und Kohlendioxidanteil des Biogases auch mögliche Anteile von Wasserdampf berücksichtigt. KW - Sicherheitstechnik KW - Biogas KW - Explosionsgrenzen KW - Prozesssicherheit PY - 2008 SN - 1434-9728 SN - 1436-4948 SN - 0372-2457 SN - 0376-1185 VL - 49 IS - 1-2 SP - 16 EP - 20 PB - Springer-VDI-Verl. CY - Düsseldorf AN - OPUS4-16648 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Molnarne, Maria A1 - Schröder, Volkmar T1 - Comparison of calculated data for the flammability and the oxidation potential according to ISO 10156 with experimentally determined values N2 - The classification of flammable gas mixtures is based on either testing or calculation methods proposed by the revised international standard ISO 10156. This standard is used for classification of physical hazards in Chapters 2.2 and 2.4 of the UN Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) and in the UN Recommendations on Transport of Dangerous Goods (TDG). The test methods of flammability and oxidizing potential in this standard were developed by BAM. Earlier versions of this standard are not based on triangular diagrams and on the reference combustible substance 'ethane'. The old material characteristics, especially in case of oxidizing potential, are based mostly on practical experience without any quantifiable test results. First time it is possible to compare experimental results from the CHEMSAFE database with the newly developed calculation method. In this paper the basic principles of the calculation methods are presented and the methods are validated by examples. A comparison of experimental flammability data with classification results gained by the calculation methods of ISO 10156 is demonstrated. KW - Gas classification KW - GHS KW - Flammability limit KW - Oxidizing potential KW - Calculation method PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2011.06.024 SN - 0950-4230 SN - 1873-3352 VL - 24 IS - 6 SP - 900 EP - 907 PB - Elsevier Ltd. AN - OPUS4-24176 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Molnarne, Maria A1 - Viczián, G. A1 - Kollár-Hunek, K. ED - Filka, J. T1 - Háromkomponensu rendszerek robbanáshtár-görbéjének numerikus közelítési problémái (deutsch: Numerische Interpolationsprobleme der Explosionsgrenzlinien von Dreistoffsystemen) T2 - M´´uszaki Kémiai Napok '01 CY - Veszprém, Hungary DA - 2001-04-24 PY - 2001 SN - 963-00-6467-7 SP - 88 EP - 93 CY - Veszprém AN - OPUS4-1112 LA - hun AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria A1 - Viczián, G. A1 - Kollár-Hunek, K. T1 - Explosion envelopes of flammable substances and their numerical approximation T2 - Workshop on Chemical Engineering Mathematics CY - Bad Honnef, Germany DA - 2001-08-12 PY - 2001 SP - - AN - OPUS4-1117 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Molnarne, Maria A1 - Möller, W.O. T1 - CHEMSAFE - Datenbank für sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen PY - 2001 SN - 1434-9728 SN - 1436-4948 SN - 0372-2457 SN - 0376-1185 VL - 42 IS - 7-8 SP - 34 EP - 37 PB - Springer-VDI-Verl. CY - Düsseldorf AN - OPUS4-1148 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Molnarne, Maria A1 - Viczián, G. A1 - Heszberger, J. A1 - Kollár-Hunek, K. T1 - Explosion areas of flammable substances and their numerical approximation KW - Ternary flammable systems KW - Inerting KW - Explosion areas KW - Spline curves and surfaces KW - 2D and 3D visualisation PY - 2001 SN - 0133-0276 VL - 29 IS - 2 SP - 143 EP - 147 PB - Hungarian Oil and Gas Research Institute CY - Veszprém AN - OPUS4-1225 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Molnarne, Maria A1 - Dióspatonyi, I. A1 - Kollárné-Hunek, K. ED - Filka, J. T1 - Kémiai adatbankok szerepe a vegyészmérnöki képzésben (Die Rolle der chemischen Datenbanken in der Ausbildung von Verfahrenstechnikern) T2 - M´´uszaki Kémiai Napok '02 CY - Veszprém, Hungary DA - 2002-04-16 PY - 2002 SN - 963-7172-95-5 N1 - Geburtsname von Molnarne, Maria: Molnárné-Jobbágy, M. - Birth name of Molnarne, Maria: Molnárné-Jobbágy, M. SP - 107 CY - Veszprém AN - OPUS4-1357 LA - hun AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Molnarne, Maria A1 - Viczián, G. ED - Filka, J. T1 - Gázelegyek robbanási területének és ezzel kapcsolatos jellemzök megjelenítesének informatikai problémái (Informatik-Probleme bei der Darstellung der Explosionsbereiche von Gasgemischen) T2 - M´´uszaki Kémiai Napok '02 CY - Veszprém, Hungary DA - 2002-04-16 PY - 2002 SN - 963-7172-95-5 N1 - Geburtsname von Molnarne, Maria: Molnárné-Jobbágy, M. - Birth name of Molnarne, Maria: Molnárné-Jobbágy, M. SP - 102 EP - 106 CY - Veszprém AN - OPUS4-1358 LA - hun AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fuß, Oliver A1 - Molnarne, Maria A1 - Schröder, Volkmar A1 - Schönbucher, A. T1 - Bestimmung neuer Inkremente zur Berechnung von Sauerstoffkonzentrationen PY - 2002 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/1522-2640(200206)74:6<824::AID-CITE824>3.0.CO;2-W SN - 0009-286X SN - 1522-2640 VL - 74 IS - 6 SP - 827 EP - 832 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-1442 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Chemsafe - Datenbank für bewertete sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen T2 - ExploRisk 2002 (Messestand der BAM/PTB) CY - Nuremberg, Germany DA - 2002-10-08 PY - 2002 AN - OPUS4-1475 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria A1 - Dietlen, Siegmund A1 - Funke, S. A1 - Schröder, Volkmar T1 - Beurteilung der Brennbarkeit von Gasgemischen anhand von Dreistoffdiagrammen - Vergleich mit der Methode nach der Gefahrstoffverordnung T2 - Dechema-Jahrestagung 1996 CY - Wiesbaden, Deutschland DA - 1996-05-21 PY - 1996 VL - 2 SP - 76 PB - DECHEMA CY - Frankfurt am Main AN - OPUS4-1677 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Razus, D. A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Limiting Oxygen Concentration Evaluation in Flammable Gaseous Mixtures by means of Calculated Adiabatic Flame Temperatures T2 - 3rd International Conference of the Chemical Societies of the South-Eastern European Countries ; International Conference of the Chemical Societies of the South-Eastern European Countries on Chemistry in the New Millennium - an Endless Frontier CY - Bucharest, Romania DA - 2002-09-22 PY - 2002 IS - PO 253 SP - 30 PB - Nemira CY - [S.l.] AN - OPUS4-1815 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Fuß, Oliver A1 - Molnarne, Maria A1 - Schröder, Volkmar A1 - Schönbucher, A. T1 - Bestimmung der Sauerstoffgrenzkonzentration von Gasen und Dämpfen - Normungsvorhaben bei CEN/TC 305 T2 - DECHEMA/GVC-Arbeitsausschuss "Sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen" CY - Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland DA - 2002-02-28 PY - 2002 AN - OPUS4-1816 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria T1 - Chemically Unstable Gases and Gas Mixtures - New Categories in the GHS T2 - International Symposium Beyond Regulatory Compliance 2011, Making Safety Second Nature CY - College Station, TX, USA DA - 2011-10-25 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-24200 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Molnarne, Maria A1 - Wilrich, Cordula A1 - Holtappels, Kai T1 - Chemically unstable gases and gas mixtures - new categories in the GHS N2 - In connection with the use of chemically unstable gases (especially acetylene and ethylene oxide) accidents keep on happening - amongst them also quite serious ones. These gases are known to be chemically unstable. A chemically unstable sas is a flammable gas that is able to react exolosivelv even in the absence of air or oxveen. The investigation of accidents showed that the Chemical instability of flammable gases played an important role in the severity of accidents. Therefore, this hazardous property was included in the global harmonizatiön of the Classification of Chemicals. The Classification of chemically unstable flammable gases and mixtures is an amendment to Chapter 2.2 “Flammable gases” of the UN Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS), because most chemically unstable gases are flammable as well. The proposal to add them to the GHS originated from the experts of an informal working group of the UN Sub-Committee of Expert on the GHS (UNSCEGHS) headed by BAM, Germany. The UNSCEGHS has decided to include it in the Fourth Revised Edition of the GHS. The respective method for determining whether a gas is chemically unstable or not, is included in the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria. This paper presents some experimental investigations of these gases, the test methods, examples of new classifications and results from CHEMSAFE T2 - 14th Annual symposium, Mary Kay O´Connor process safety center - Beyond regulatory compliance: making safety second nature CY - College Station, TX, USA DA - 25.10.2011 KW - Chemically unstable gases KW - GHS KW - Chemisch instabile Gase PY - 2011 SP - 871 EP - 882 AN - OPUS4-24913 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -