TY - JOUR A1 - Sipilä, J. A1 - Auerkari, Pertti A1 - Heikkilä, A.-M. A1 - Tuominen, R. A1 - Vela-Wallenschus, Iris A1 - Itkonen, J. A1 - Rinne, M. A1 - Aaltonen, K. T1 - Risk and mitigation of self-heating and spontaneous combustion in underground coal storage N2 - While the self-heating and spontaneous combustion of coal is a known challenge at coal mines and storage sites, there are known methods for mitigating this challenge for typical open stockpile storage. However, closing the storage will reduce access for corrective action, and it is then important to manage the storage and its transport system with added attention without unduly adding cost or hindering availability. This paper aims to discuss the risk, prevention and extinguishing of fires in closed coal storage facilities, particularly in light of the experience with the Salmisaari underground rock storage facility in Finland. The observed autoignition events have indicated an array of contributing factors, some of which are unique to underground silo storage facilities. On the other hand, many features of the storage facilities can be compared with other extant closed storage systems. The factors affecting fire risk are described and the associated fault and event trees are outlined for autoignition at underground storage. Drawing upon the experiences with past events of self-heating and spontaneous combustion, recommendations are given on cost-effective preventive, corrective and other mitigating action for minimising fire risk and promoting storage availability. KW - Coal KW - Underground storage KW - Fire KW - Risk KW - Mitigation PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2012.01.006 SN - 0950-4230 SN - 1873-3352 N1 - Geburtsname von Vela-Wallenschus, Iris: Vela, I. - Birth name of Vela-Wallenschus, Iris: Vela, I. VL - 25 IS - 3 SP - 617 EP - 622 PB - Butterworth CY - Guildford, Surrey AN - OPUS4-25729 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -