TY - JOUR A1 - Reiche, I. A1 - Muller, K. A1 - Alberic, M. A1 - Scharf, O. A1 - Wahning, A. A1 - Bjeoumikhov, A. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Simon, R. T1 - Discovering vanished paints and naturally formed gold nanoparticles on 2800 years old Phoenician ivories using SR-FF-microXRF with the color X-ray camera N2 - Phoenician ivory objects (8th century B.C., Syria) from the collections of the Badisches Landesmuseum, Karlsruhe, Germany, have been studied with full field X-ray fluorescence microimaging, using synchrotron radiation (SR-FF-microXRF). The innovative Color X-ray Camera (CXC), a full-field detection device (SLcam), was used at the X-ray fluorescence beamline of the ANKA synchrotron facility (ANKA-FLUO, KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany) to noninvasively study trace metal distributions at the surface of the archeological ivory objects. The outstanding strength of the imaging technique with the CXC is the capability to record the full XRF spectrum with a spatial resolution of 48 µm on a zone of a size of 11.9 × 12.3 mm² (264 × 264 pixels). For each analyzed region, 69696 spectra were simultaneously recorded. The principal elements detected are P, Ca, and Sr, coming from the ivory material itself; Cu, characteristic of pigments; Fe and Pb, representing sediments or pigments; Mn, revealing deposited soil minerals; Ti, indicating restoration processes or correlated with Fe sediment traces; and Au, linked to a former gilding. This provides essential information for the assessment of the original appearance of the ivory carvings. The determined elemental maps specific of possible pigments are superimposed on one another to visualize their respective distributions and reconstruct the original polychromy and gilding. Reliable hypotheses for the reconstruction of the original polychromy of the carved ivories are postulated on this basis. KW - SR-FF-microXRF KW - Elemental imaging KW - Ivory KW - Paints KW - Au NPs KW - Egyptian blue KW - Fe PY - 2013 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/ac4006167 SN - 0003-2700 SN - 1520-6882 VL - 85 IS - 12 SP - 5857 EP - 5866 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington, DC AN - OPUS4-30222 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eichelbaum, M. A1 - Rademann, K. A1 - Weigel, W. A1 - Löchel, B. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Müller, Ralf T1 - Gold-Ruby Glass in a New Light: On the Microstructuring of Optical Glasses with Synchrotron Radiation KW - Nanoparticles KW - Glasses KW - Synchrotron radiation KW - X-ray lithography KW - Surface plasmon resonance KW - Luminescence PY - 2007 SN - 0017-1557 VL - 40 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 5 CY - London AN - OPUS4-16432 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pan, Z. A1 - Waurischk, Tina A1 - Duval, A. A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Deubener, J. A1 - Krishnan, N. M. A. A1 - Wondraczek, K. A1 - Wondraczek, L. T1 - Precise Real‐Time Measurement of Liquid Viscosity Using Digital Video Data N2 - Quantitative knowledge of liquid viscosity is of fundamental importance in many areas of materials synthesis and processing. However, the determination of viscosity often relies on specialized experimental equipment, offline experimentation, or invasive procedures, in particular when required in extreme conditions such as at high temperature, high pressure, and in confined or corrosive environments. Here, this study proposes and validates a fast and simple method that mimics the intuitive perception of liquid flow within a quantitative framework. For this, this study employs digital video observation to derive quantitative values of the shear viscosity of liquids, with high precision and rapid acquisition rates. The technique involves capturing liquid dynamics after minor mechanical stimulation. Processed imaging data are indexed by similarity and referenced to a digital database generated with a finite element model, from which values of viscosity are obtained in line. The approach is tested on water at room temperature and on a high‐temperature glass melt. Covering a viscosity range of four orders of magnitude, both yield convincing agreement with tabulated reference data at low computational cost. KW - Glass KW - Liquid Viscosity KW - Digital Video Data KW - Finite Element Method PY - 2025 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-651363 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202500297 SN - 2640-4567 VL - 7 IS - 12 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - Wiley VHC-Verlag AN - OPUS4-65136 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eichelbaum, M. A1 - Rademann, K. A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Görner, Wolf T1 - Vom Atom zum Nanodraht: Kontrolliertes Wachstum von Edelmetall-Nanokristalliten in Kalk-Natron-Silikatglas T2 - 79. Glastechnische Tagung CY - Würzburg, Deutschland DA - 2005-05-23 KW - Glas KW - Metallnanocluster KW - Optische Eigenschaften PY - 2005 SN - 3-921089-43-3 SP - 15 Seiten PB - Deutsche Glastechnische Gesellschaft CY - Offenbach AN - OPUS4-7558 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Enderlein, M. A1 - Kuna, M. A1 - Ricoeur, A. A1 - Baer, Wolfram A1 - Müller, Karsten A1 - Klein, K. A1 - Winkler, H. P. T1 - Numerische Analyse des Stoßbiegeversuchs zur Ermittlung der dynamischen Bruchzähigkeit KW - Bruchmechanik KW - Finite-Elemente-Methode KW - Dynamisches J-Integral KW - 3-Punkt-Biege-Großprobe PY - 2003 SN - 0943-3473 SN - 1616-4687 IS - 235 SP - 251 EP - 260 PB - DVM CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-32709 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Anja A1 - Heinrich, Thomas A1 - Tougaard, S. A1 - Werner, W. S. M. A1 - Hronek, M. A1 - Kunz, Valentin A1 - Radnik, Jörg A1 - Stockmann, Jörg M. A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan A1 - Benemann, Sigrid A1 - Nirmalananthan-Budau, Nithiya A1 - Geißler, Daniel A1 - Sparnacci, K. A1 - Unger, Wolfgang T1 - Correction to "Determining the thickness and completeness of the shell of polymer core-shell nanoparticles by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectrometry, and transmission scanning electron microscopy" N2 - This is a corrigendum to the original article "Determining the thickness and completeness of the shell of polymer core-shell nanoparticles by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectrometry, and transmission scanning electron microscopy" that was published in "The journal of physical chemistry C", vol. 123 (2019), no. 49 pp. 29765-29775. PY - 2020 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-505451 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c00027 SN - 1932-7447 SN - 1932-7455 VL - 124 IS - 6 SP - 3923 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington, DC AN - OPUS4-50545 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gerisch, Wolfgang A1 - Müller, K.-H. T1 - On a nonlinear regression problem connected with the use of the angular transformation as a variance-stabilizing transformation PY - 1985 SN - 0723-712X VL - 1 IS - 4 SP - 271 EP - 294 PB - Physica-Verl. CY - Wien AN - OPUS4-34277 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stephan, H. A1 - Walther, M. A1 - Fähnemann, S. A1 - Ceroni, P. A1 - Molloy, J.K. A1 - Bergamini, G. A1 - Heisig, F. A1 - Müller, C.E. A1 - Kraus, Werner A1 - Comba, P. T1 - Bispidines for dual imaging N2 - The efficient transformation of the hexadentate bispidinol 1 into carbamate derivatives yields functional bispidines enabling convenient functionalization for targeted imaging. The BODIPY-substituted bispidine 3 combines a coordination site for metal ions, such as radioactive 64CuII, with a fluorescent unit. Product 3 was thoroughly characterized by standard analytical methods, single crystal X-ray diffraction, radiolabeling, and photophysical analysis. The luminescence of ligand 3 was found to be strongly dependent on metal ion coordination: CuII quenches the BODIPY fluorescence, whereas NiII and ZnII ions do not affect it. It follows that, in imaging applications with the positron emitter 64CuII, residues of its origin from enriched 64Ni and the decay products 64NiII and 64ZnII, efficiently restore the fluorescence of the ligand. This allows for monitoring of the emitted radiation as well as the fluorescence signal. The stability of the 64CuII–3 complex is investigated by transmetalation experiments with ZnII and NiII, using fluorescence and radioactivity detection, and the results confirm the high stability of 64CuII–3. In addition, metal complexes of ligand 3 with the lanthanide ions TbIII, EuIII, and NdIII are shown to exhibit emission of the BODIPY ligand and the lanthanide ion, thus enabling dual emission detection. KW - Bispidines KW - Chelates KW - Imaging agents KW - Lanthanides KW - Radiolabeling KW - Nuclear medical application KW - Radioactive labelling KW - SPECT PY - 2014 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201404086 SN - 0947-6539 SN - 1521-3765 VL - 20 IS - 51 SP - 17011 EP - 17018 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-32320 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gerisch, Wolfgang A1 - Müller, K.-H. T1 - Computional Aspects of the Determination of Precicion Data for Methods of Analysis and Test from Collaborative Interlaboratory Studies N2 - The Statistical linear model “2-way crossed Classification with interaction, random (balanced data)” is applied to the determination of precision data for methods of analysis and test from collaborative interlaboratory studies in which each participating laboratory has to report two results on each sample. In the case in which the requirements of the model are satisfied without transformation the extensive analysis of variance calculations for an estimation of repeatability and reproducibility are reduced to a few elementary formulae, programmable on an electronic calculator. Utilization and practicability of theformulae and correspondingprograms are shown in connection with collaborative interlaboratory studies from thefield of petroleum products. PY - 1983 SN - 0376-6845 VL - 11 IS - 3 SP - 87 EP - 93 PB - Verb. CY - Dübendorf AN - OPUS4-40740 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Steffens, H.-D. A1 - Müller, K.-N. A1 - Wittig, Günther T1 - Zerstörungsfreies Ermitteln der Schichtdicke thermisch gespritzter Überzüge PY - 1974 SN - 0025-5300 VL - 16 IS - 5 SP - 125 EP - 128 PB - Carl Hanser Verlag CY - München AN - OPUS4-8110 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Chabrelie, A. A1 - Müller, Urs A1 - Scrivener, K.L. ED - Palomo, Á. ED - Zaragoza, A. ED - Agüí, J. C. L. T1 - Mechanisms of degradation of concrete by external sufate ions under laboratory and field conditions N2 - The durability of concrete is a major challenge for the construction, which devotes one third to one half of its annual investment to building maintenance. The lack of fieid data regarding concrete durability, especially in the case of exposure to Sulfate ions (“sulfate attack”) makes it dijficult to determine the appropriate fest methods andperformance criteria. Additionally, the increased use of sustainable blends (cement with mineral admixtures, typically slag from the iron industiy) suffers from a lack of experience regarding their long-term performance. Most results for sulfate resistance are derived from accelerated laboratoiy tests xvhere performance criteria are based only on macroscopic properties, especially expansion. To fill this gap and better widerstand the mechanisms of sulfate attack under real conditions, a parallel study of laboratoiy micro-concrete and fieid concrete samples under sulfate exposure was undertaken, focussing on microstructural changes in addition to the conventional macroscopic characterisation. Four exposure regimes were designed in the laboratoiy: full immersion (ponding), pH-control, semi-immersion and wet/diy cycles. Pure Portland blends and slag blends witli high level of slag replacement (70 wt.-%) were investigated. The exposure regime has been found to play a major role in the damage process. In ponding conditions, the damage process takes place in three stages characterised by a first period of induction, followed by surface damage thatfinally extends to the bulle of the material. Paradoxically, the w/c-ratio does not seem to have much impact on the ionic transport phenomena but might be more decisive in the microstructure mechanical strength against local stresses. The slag blends, considered as sulfate resistant in ponding exposure, revealed badperformances under wet/diy cycles. This beliaviour was attributed to poor proper physical resistance of the slag hydrates against diying. The fieid concretes selected for the comparison with the laboratoiy cases were partially buried in a sulfate-enriched soil in Argentina. A pure Portland blend and a slag blends with high level of slag replacement (80 wt.-%) were investigated. The submerged part of the samples could be compared to the laboratoiy ponding exposure, wliile the upper layer of the samples subjected to weathering could be compared to the laboratoiy wet/diy cycles exposure. The fieid obsen’ations tend to confirm the laboratoiy results and validate the fest settings. It has been underlined that a direct relationship between damage (e.g.; cracking/expansion) andphase assemblage was not evident. However, the study highlights that sulfate combination with the hydrates of the cement (e.g.; C-S-H) and with those of the slag would play a rote in the initiation of the expansion, which would be attributed to a swelling of the hydrates or to the precipitation offine ettringite after the Saturation level in sulfate of the hydrates has been reached. T2 - 13th International congress on the chemistry of cement - XIII ICCC CY - Madrid, Spain DA - 03.07.2011 KW - Sulfate attack KW - Exposure conditions KW - Concrete KW - Laboratory test KW - Field KW - Phase assemblage KW - Microstructure KW - XRD KW - SEM KW - SCM KW - Slag PY - 2011 SN - 978-84-7292-400-0 SP - 1 EP - 14 CY - Madrid AN - OPUS4-24810 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Müller, Renate A1 - Rudolphi, Reinald A1 - Liersch, K.W. T1 - Numerische Untersuchung der Wärmedämmung profilierter Dämmplatten für Wellplattendächer bei stationären Randbedingungen nach DIN 4108 PY - 1989 SN - 0341-0293 VL - 34 IS - 26 SP - 27 EP - 31 PB - Saint-Gobain Isover G+H CY - Ludwigshafen AN - OPUS4-1253 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Issever, A.S. A1 - Diederichs, G. A1 - Majumdar, S. A1 - Rogalla, P. A1 - Hamm, B.K. A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Harwardt, Michael A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Müller, Bernd R. T1 - Analyser-based tomography images of cartilage N2 - Analyser-based imaging expands the performance of X-ray imaging by utilizing not only the absorption properties of X-rays but also the refraction and scatter rejection (extinction) properties. In this study, analyser-based computed tomography has been implemented on imaging an articular cartilage sample, depicting substructural variations, without overlay, at a pixel resolution of 3.6 µm. KW - Cartilage KW - Analyser-based imaging KW - Computed tomography PY - 2008 DO - https://doi.org/10.1107/S0909049508014829 SN - 0909-0495 SN - 1600-5775 VL - 15 IS - Part 5 SP - 525 EP - 527 PB - Blackwell Publishing CY - Oxford AN - OPUS4-17852 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Auster, Jürgen A1 - Müller, Karsten A1 - Gründer, K.-P. T1 - Dynamic impact tests on materials & components of RAM packages - Advanced experimental and measurement methods N2 - In accident scenarios of transport packages or hypothetical crashes of containers in a storage facility or repository, the materials resistance against dynamic failure of the involved components is a deciding factor for package and container integrity during the handling, transport and storage for each type of radioactive material. For example, different dynamic impact tests on containers and components like lid sealing systems and specimens made of ductile cast iron and shock-absorbing materials are carried out by BAM. In order to perform dynamic impact tests with packages and its parts BAM operates two free-fall drop test facilities with maximum capacities of 200 t and 55 t, and a test bench for guided drop tests. This latter drop test machine enables a clearly specified component loading by a precisely positioned test object or drop weight and has been used recently for numerous investigations. The paper gives an overview of the wide range of experimental testing methods carried out within guided Impact and bending tests. Examples of methodological challenges are presented, especially such experimental analysis of dynamic impact conditions. In addition to known applied methods of dynamic, non-contact displacement measurements like high-speed 3-D surface deformation a recently patented 2-D tracking method is presented. By means of in-situ determination of fracture parameters with relevance to the materials stress intensity factor, the method has been successfully applied for a typical specimen geometry. Also shown are the possibility of detecting in-situ He-leakage rates on laterally impact loaded lid sealing systems as well as a method of acceleration sensor-temperature control under test conditions in the low temperature range. T2 - 18th International Symposium on the Packaging and Transportation of Radioactive Materials PATRAM 2019 CY - New Orleans, LA, USA DA - 04.08.2019 KW - Dynamic impact tests KW - Materials KW - RAM packages KW - Advanced experimental KW - Measurement methods PY - 2019 SP - Paper 1374, 1 EP - 10 AN - OPUS4-49067 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -