TY - CONF A1 - Auersch, Lutz A1 - Semrau, Norbert A1 - Schmid, Wolfgang A1 - Said, Samir A1 - Rücker, Werner T1 - Theory and experiments on wave propagation, on track-soil and on soil-building interaction related to railway induced vibration T2 - Fourth International Conference on Structural Dymanics (EURODYN 4) CY - Munich, Germany DA - 2002-09-02 PY - 2002 AN - OPUS4-6614 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rücker, Werner A1 - Auersch, Lutz A1 - Baeßler, Matthias A1 - Knothe, K. A1 - Wu, Y. A1 - Gerstberger, Ulf A1 - Popp, K. A1 - Kruse, H. A1 - Savidis, S. ED - Popp, K. ED - Schiehlen, W. O. T1 - A comparative study of results from numerical track-subsoil calculations T2 - Colloquium 2002 CY - Stuttgart, Germany DA - 2002-03-13 PY - 2003 SN - 3-540-43892-0 N1 - Serientitel: Lecture notes in applied mechanics – Series title: Lecture notes in applied mechanics IS - 6 SP - 471 EP - 488 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-2358 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - The influence of the track on railway induced ground vibration T2 - 30. Deutsche Jahrestagung für Akustik (DAGA) / 7 Congres Francais d'acoustique (CFA) CY - Strasbourg, France DA - 2004-03-25 PY - 2004 AN - OPUS4-3411 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Auersch, Lutz ED - Cassereau, D. T1 - The influence of the track on railway induced ground vibration T2 - Joint Congress CFA/DAGA '04 ; 7e Congrès Français d'Acoustique ; 30. Deutsche Jahrestagung für Akustik ; Salon Européen de l'Acoustique ; Europäische Akustik-Austellung CY - Strasbourg, France DA - 2004-03-22 PY - 2004 SN - 2-9521105-2-2 VL - 2 SP - 1079 EP - 1080 PB - Société Française d'Acoustique (SFA) CY - Paris AN - OPUS4-3710 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Ground vibration due to railway traffic - the calculation of the effects of moving static loads and their experimental verification T2 - 8th Workshop on Railway Noise and Vibration CY - Buxton, England DA - 2004-09-08 PY - 2004 AN - OPUS4-5448 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Auersch, Lutz ED - Thompson, D. ED - Jones, C. T1 - Ground vibration due to railway traffic - the calculation of the effects of moving static loads and their experimental verification T2 - 8th International Workshop on Railway Noise CY - Buxton, England, UK DA - 2004-09-08 PY - 2004 VL - 1 SP - 119 EP - 129 CY - Buxton AN - OPUS4-4632 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Ground vibration due to railway traffic - the calculation of the effects of moving static loads and their experimental verification N2 - The regular static Response is important at low frequencies and near-field. The regular dynamic response due to sleeper passage is more important at high frequencies. The irregulär static response due to randomly varying soil properties is more important at medium frequencies and at far-field. T2 - 8th Workshop on Railway Noise and Vibration CY - Buxton, UK DA - 08.09.2004 KW - Static railway loads KW - Ground vibration KW - Sleeper passage KW - Axle-sequence PY - 2004 AN - OPUS4-47090 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Simplified methods for wave propagation and soil-structure interaction: the dispersion of layered soil and the approximation of FEBEM results T2 - Eurodyn 2005 CY - Paris, France DA - 2005-09-04 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-11876 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Auersch, Lutz A1 - Gerstberger, Ulf A1 - Meinhardt, Christian A1 - Rücker, Werner T1 - A practical method for the prediction of railway vibration T2 - Eurodyn 2005 CY - Paris, France DA - 2005-09-04 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-11879 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - A simple 2-dimensional method for the effectiveness of ballast mats and other isolators of railway vibrations T2 - 12. International Congress on Sound and Vibration CY - Lisbon, Portugal DA - 2005-08-11 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-11419 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Auersch, Lutz A1 - Rücker, Werner ED - Klapperich, H. ED - Cazuffi, D. ED - Koerner, R. T1 - Dynamic loads of railway traffic T2 - ECI International Conference on The Use of Geosynthetics in Soil Reinforcement and Dynamics CY - Dresden, Germany DA - 2005-09-05 PY - 2005 SN - 3-7739-6003-4 SP - 433 EP - 443 PB - Verl. Glückauf CY - Essen AN - OPUS4-11547 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Dynamics of the railway track and the underlying soil: the boundary-element solution, theoretical results and their experimental verification PY - 2005 SN - 0042-3114 VL - 43 IS - 9 SP - 671 EP - 695 PB - Taylor & Francis CY - Basingstoke, Hants. AN - OPUS4-11575 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Auersch, Lutz ED - Soize, C. ED - Schueller, G. T1 - Simplified methods for wave propagation and soil-structure interaction: The dispersion of layered soil and the approximation of FEBEM results T2 - IMO-WIND: An integrated monitoring system for offshore wind energy turbines CY - Paris, France DA - 2005-09-04 PY - 2005 SN - 90-5966-033-1 SP - 1303 EP - 1308 PB - Millpress CY - Rotterdam AN - OPUS4-11576 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rücker, Werner A1 - Auersch, Lutz A1 - Gerstberger, Ulf A1 - Meinhardt, Christian ED - Soize, C. ED - Schueller, G. T1 - A practical method for the prediction of railway vibration T2 - IMO-WIND: An integrated monitoring system for offshore wind energy turbines CY - Paris, France DA - 2005-09-04 PY - 2005 SN - 90-5966-033-1 SP - 601 EP - 606 PB - Millpress CY - Rotterdam AN - OPUS4-11577 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - The excitation of ground vibration by rail traffic: theory of vehicle-track-soil interaction and measurements on high-speed lines N2 - This article presents an integrated model for the computation of vehicle–track interaction and the ground vibrations of passing trains. A combined finite element and boundary element method is used to calculate the dynamic compliance of the track on realistic soil whereas multi-body models are used for the vehicle. The dynamic stiffness of the vehicle and that of the track are combined to calculate the dynamic axle loads due to the irregularities of the vehicle and the track as well as those due to sleeper passing excitation. These loads serve as input for the calculation of ground vibration near railway lines in the time and frequency domains. The theoretical methods and results have been proven by experiments in several respects and at several instances. First, on the occasion of the test and record runs of the Intercity Experimental, there was a very good quality of the vehicle and of the newly built track so that the deterministic parts of the excitation—the static load and the sleeper-passing component—could clearly be identified, the first being of minor importance apart from the track. Second, simultaneous measurements of the vehicle, the track and the soil at three different track situations were performed where we could verify the different parts of the stochastic excitation and their importance for the ground vibrations. The irregularities of the vehicle are dominant at high frequencies whereas the irregularities of the track are more important at lower frequencies. The comparison of the theory and the measurements also points to the phenomena of the vehicle–track resonance and the scattering of the quasi-static axle impulses by randomly varying soil. PY - 2005 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2004.06.017 SN - 0022-460X SN - 1095-8568 VL - 284 IS - 1-2 SP - 103 EP - 132 PB - Academic Press CY - London AN - OPUS4-11510 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Dynamic axle loads on tracks with and without ballast mats - numerical results of three-dimensional vehicle-track-soil models N2 - Ballast mats are an efficient measure to reduce the vibrations near railway lines. The vehicle-track system gets a low eigenfrequency due to the insertion of an elastic ballast mat under the ballast. For frequencies higher than this low vehicle-track eigenfrequency, the forces, which are generating the vibration of the soil, are considerably reduced. In this contribution, a combined finite-element boundary-matrix method is used to calculate a number of completely three-dimensional track models with and without ballast mats. The influence of the important parameters such as the stiffness of the ballast mat, the unsprung vehicle mass, the mass of the track, and the stiffness of the subsoil is investigated. The numerical results are presented as the transfer functions of the total force that is acting on the soil and generating the vibration of the environment. The effectiveness of ballast mats is achieved by division of two of these force functions. The general tendencies for this insertion loss are discussed and a comparison with measurements is given. To come to an improved practical tool for the design of ballast-mat tracks, the finite-element method results are approximated by a simple two-dimensional model of which the solution is given explicitly. KW - Railway track KW - Track dynamic KW - Ballast mat KW - Vibration isolation KW - Insertion loss KW - Finite-element method KW - Track-soil interaction KW - Vehicle-track interaction PY - 2006 DO - https://doi.org/10.1243/09544097F00105 SN - 0954-4097 VL - 220 IS - 2 SP - 169 EP - 183 PB - Institution of Mechanical Engineers CY - London AN - OPUS4-13723 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Experimental observation and theoretical calculation of technically induced surface waves in inhomogeneous soil T2 - 1st European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology (ECEES) CY - Geneva, Switzerland DA - 2006-09-03 PY - 2006 IS - Paper 1292 SP - 1 EP - 10(?) PB - ETH Zürich CY - Geneva AN - OPUS4-13737 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Moving load and reduction effects of tracks with and without isolation T2 - EUROMECH Colloquium 484 'Wave Mechanics and Stability of Long Flexible Structures Subject to Moving Loads and Flows' CY - Delft, Netherlands DA - 2006-09-19 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-13738 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Experimental observation and theoretical calculation of technically induced surface waves in inhomogeneous soil T2 - 1st Europ. Conf. on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology CY - Geneva, Switzerland DA - 2006-09-03 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-13746 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Ground vibration due to railway traffic - The calculation of the effects of moving static loads and their experimental verification N2 - The propagation of waves through homogeneous or layered soil is calculated based on half-space theory. The moving dynamic loads of a train are approximated by fixed dynamic loads and the wave field can be calculated if the spectrum of the dynamic train loads is known. In addition to this dynamic wave field, there are three different components at three different frequency ranges which are caused by the passage of the static loads: • the regular static component at low frequencies, • the irregular static component at medium frequencies, • the sleeper-passing component at high frequencies. For each of these components, an approximate solution is presented. The calculated wave field is compared with measurements of different trains at different sites. The measurement of impulse and harmonic point load excitation verifies the soil dynamic base of the method. PY - 2006 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2005.08.059 SN - 0022-460X SN - 1095-8568 VL - 293 IS - 3-5 SP - 599 EP - 610 PB - Academic Press CY - London AN - OPUS4-14049 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Two- and three-dimensional methods for the assessment of ballast mats, ballast plates and other isolators of railway vibration PY - 2006 SN - 1027-5851 VL - 11 IS - 4 SP - 167 EP - 176 CY - St. Petersburg, Russia AN - OPUS4-18953 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Auersch, Lutz ED - M. Papadrakakis, ED - D.C. Charmpis, ED - N.D. Lagaros, ED - Tsompanakis, Y. T1 - Simple and advanced boundary-element method for the soil and its application to railway dynamics T2 - COMPDYN 2007 CY - Rethymno, Crete, Greece DA - 2007-06-13 KW - Finite-element boundary-element method KW - Explicit Green´s functions KW - Track vibration KW - Tunnel vibration KW - Vehicle-track-soil interaction KW - Radiation damping PY - 2007 SP - 1 EP - 12 CY - Athen AN - OPUS4-15015 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Simple and advanced boundary-element method for the soil and its application to railway dynamics T2 - COMPDYN 2007, Computional Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering CY - Rethymno, Greece DA - 2007-06-13 PY - 2007 AN - OPUS4-15003 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Said, Samir A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Environmental vibration due to normal and extreme excitation: railway traffic, explosions and heavy mass drop tests T2 - ISEV 2007, 3rd International Symposium on Environmental Vibrations: Prediction, Monitoring, Mitigation and Evaluation CY - Taipei, Taiwan DA - 2007-11-28 PY - 2007 SP - 1 EP - 6 AN - OPUS4-18408 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Auersch, Lutz A1 - Said, Samir T1 - Simple modal analysis and wave propagation for practical floor experiments in new and old office and residential buildings T2 - EVACES'07 - Experimental vibration analysis for civil engineering structures CY - Porto, Portugal DA - 2007-10-24 PY - 2007 SN - 978-972-752-095-4 SP - 423 EP - 432 AN - OPUS4-18409 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - The influence of the soil on track dynamics and ground-borne vibration T2 - 9th International Workshop on Railway Noise (IWRN) CY - Munich, Germany DA - 2007-09-04 PY - 2007 SP - S.4.1, 1 EP - 9 PB - International Workshop on Railway Noise CY - München AN - OPUS4-16438 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Rücker, Werner A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - A user-friendly prediction tool for railway induced ground vibrations: Emission - transmission - immission T2 - 9th IWRN - International Workshop on Railway Noise CY - Munich, Germany DA - 2007-09-04 PY - 2007 SP - S.4.2, 1 EP - 6 PB - International Workshop on Railway Noise CY - München AN - OPUS4-18592 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rücker, Werner A1 - Auersch, Lutz ED - Schulte-Werning, B. T1 - A user-friendly prediction tool for railway induced ground vibrations: Emission - transmission - immission T2 - 9th International Workshop on Railway Noise CY - Munich, Germany DA - 2007-09-04 PY - 2008 SN - 3-540-74892-X N1 - Serientitel: Notes on numerical fluid mechanics and multidisciplinary design – Series title: Notes on numerical fluid mechanics and multidisciplinary design IS - 99 SP - 129 EP - 135 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-18326 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Auersch, Lutz ED - Schulte-Werning, B. T1 - The influence of the soil on track dynamics and ground-borne vibration T2 - 9th International Workshop on Railway Noise CY - Munich, Germany DA - 2007-09-04 PY - 2008 SN - 3-540-74892-X N1 - Serientitel: Notes on numerical fluid mechanics and multidisciplinary design – Series title: Notes on numerical fluid mechanics and multidisciplinary design IS - 99 SP - 122 EP - 128 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-18327 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Dynamic stiffness of foundations on inhomogeneous soils for a realistic prediction of vertical building resonance N2 - The aim of this contribution is a practice-oriented prediction of environmental building vibrations. A Green's functions method for layered soils is used to build the dynamic stiffness matrix of the soil area that is covered by the foundation. A simple building model is proposed by adding a building mass to the dynamic stiffness of the soil. The vertical soil-building transfer functions with building-soil resonances are calculated and compared with a number of measurements of technically induced vibrations of residential buildings. In a parametrical study, realistic foundation geometries are modeled and the influence of incompressible soil, deep stiff soil layering, soft top layers, and increasing soil stiffness with depth is analyzed. All these special soil models reduce the resonant frequency compared to a standard homogeneous soil. A physically motivated model of a naturally sedimented soil has a stiffness increasing with the square root of the depth and yields a foundation stiffness that decreases with foundation area considerably stronger than the relatively insensitive homogeneous soil. This soil model is suited for the Berlin measuring sites and reproduces satisfactorily the experimental results. KW - Stiffness KW - Foundations KW - Predictions KW - Resonance KW - Vibration PY - 2008 DO - https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2008)134:3(328) SN - 1090-0241 SN - 1943-5606 VL - 134 IS - 3 SP - 328 EP - 340 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers CY - Reston, Va. AN - OPUS4-17394 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - The effect of critically moving loads on the vibrations of soft soils and isolated railway tracks N2 - The dynamic response of the railway track is strongly influenced by the underlying soil. For a soft soil and very high train speeds or for a very soft soil and regular train speeds, the train speed can be close to the speed of elastic waves in the soil. This paper presents a detailed study of the so-called “moving-load effect”, i.e. an amplification of the dynamic response due to the load movement, for the tracks on soft soil. The analysis is carried out by evaluating the related integrals in the wavenumber domain. The influence of the load speed is quantified for a large set of parameters, showing that the effect on the soil vibration is reduced with increase of the frequency, track width and inverse wave velocity. Therefore, the moving-load effect associated with vibratory train loads is negligible whereas the amplification associated with the moving dead weight of the train can be significant. The strong moving-load effect on a perfectly homogeneous soil, however, can be strongly diminished by a layered or randomly varying soil situation. This theoretical result is affirmed by measurements at a test site in Germany where the trains run on a very soft soil at a near-critical speed. The results for soft soils are compared with experimental and theoretical results for a stiff soil. It is found that the influence of the stiffness of the soil is much stronger than the moving-load effect. This holds for the soil vibration as well as for the track vibration which both show a minor dependence on the load speed but a considerable dependence on the soil stiffness in theory and experiment. Railway tracks can include soft isolation elements such as rail pads, sleeper shoes and ballast mats. For these types of isolation elements and normal soil conditions, the influence of the load speed is usually negligible. There is only one isolation measure for which the moving load may be effective: a track which is constructed as a heavy mass–spring system. The resonance of this track system is shifted to lower frequencies and amplitudes for increasing train speed. A critical train speed can be reached if the mass–spring system has a marginal bending stiffness along the track. PY - 2008 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2007.10.013 SN - 0022-460X SN - 1095-8568 VL - 310 IS - 3 SP - 587 EP - 607 PB - Academic Press CY - London AN - OPUS4-17395 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Dynamic interaction of various beams with the underlying soil - finite and infinite, half-space and Winkler models KW - Beam dynamics KW - Beam-soil interaction KW - Bending waves KW - Rayleigh wave KW - Railway track vibration KW - Elastic length KW - Wavenumber integrals PY - 2008 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechsol.2008.02.001 SN - 0997-7538 SN - 1873-7285 VL - 27 IS - 5 SP - 933 EP - 958 PB - Elsevier CY - Paris AN - OPUS4-17867 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Static and dynamic soil-structure interaction of finite and infinite beams and plates, tracks and piles T2 - 7th European Conference on Structural Dynamics, EURODYN 2008 CY - Southampton, UK DA - 2008-07-07 KW - Soil-structure interaction KW - Wave-number integrals KW - Finite-element boundary-element method KW - Moving loads on tracks KW - Pile-soil interaction PY - 2008 SN - 9780854328826 IS - E 102 SP - 1 EP - 12 AN - OPUS4-18236 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Building response at foundation, walls, columns and floors due to ground vibration - simplified calculation based on experience with detailed models and measurements T2 - 16th International Congress on Sound and Vibration - ICSV16 CY - Kraków, Poland DA - 2009-07-05 PY - 2009 SN - 978-83-60716-71-7 SP - 1 EP - 8(?) AN - OPUS4-20474 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Auersch, Lutz A1 - Said, Samir ED - Xia, H. ED - Takemiya, H. T1 - Environmental vibrations due to different technical sources, amplitude-distance laws in experiment and theory T2 - 4th International Symposium on Environmental Vibration: Prediction, Monitoring and Evaluation (ISEV2009) CY - Beijing, China DA - 2009-10-28 KW - Amplitude-distance laws KW - Environmental vibrations KW - Field tests KW - Wave theory of attenuation PY - 2009 SN - 978-7-03-025765-9 VL - I SP - 757 EP - 762 PB - Science Press CY - Beijing, China AN - OPUS4-20788 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Auersch, Lutz A1 - Said, Samir A1 - Schmid, Wolfgang A1 - Wuttke, Wilfried T1 - Experimental and theoretical building and foundation behaviour T2 - EVACES'09 - Experimental vibration analysis for civil engineering structures CY - Wroclav, Poland DA - 2009-10-14 PY - 2009 SN - 978-83-7125-184-9 N1 - Serientitel: AIP conference proceedings – Series title: AIP conference proceedings SP - 133 EP - 142 AN - OPUS4-31259 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Vehicle dynamics and dynamic excitation forces of railway induced ground vibration T2 - 21th International symposium on dynamics of vehicles on roads and tracks CY - Stockholm, Sweden DA - 2009-08-17 PY - 2009 SP - 1 EP - 12 CY - Stockholm, Sweden AN - OPUS4-21088 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Auersch, Lutz ED - Tizani, W. T1 - Vibration of buildings on pile groups due to railway traffic - finite-element boundary-element, approximating and prediction methods N2 - A finite-element boundary-element software for the dynamic interaction of flexible structures and the soil has been extended for pile foundation. The boundary element method for the soil uses the Green´s functions of the layered half-space which have been generalised for interior loads. Pile groups of 10 to 20 piles of different arrays are analysed and compared with single piles. Simplified models have been developed for a user-friendly, practice oriented prediction software for railway induced ground and building vibration. T2 - ICCCBE 2010 - International conference on computing in civil and buildung engineering CY - Nottingham, UK DA - 2010-06-30 KW - Boundary elements KW - Soil-structure interaction KW - Pile foundations KW - Prediction software PY - 2010 SN - 978-1-907284-60-1 IS - Paper 275 SP - 549 EP - 554 PB - Nottingham University Press AN - OPUS4-21832 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Wave propagation in the elastic half-space due to an interior load and its application to ground vibration problems and buildings on pile foundations N2 - A method is presented which allows to calculate the wave-field in a homogeneous or layered soil in case of a dynamic interior load. The wave propagation along the surface, the distribution of the response over the depth, the horizontal propagation at different depths and the vertical downward propagation are shown and compared with the simpler surface solution of the half-space and the interior solution of the full-space. The complete wave-field (Green's function) is applied to the dynamic behaviour of piles and pile groups by use of a boundary element formulation. The stiffness, damping and – typically for piles – mass of different groups of piles are presented. Different group effects occur for lines, circles, grids, parallels and crosses of piles, which can be regarded as oscillations around average values. Moreover, the piles and pile groups behave almost like a damper for most of the frequencies. A building on a pile group that is excited by ground vibration due to surface or interior loads shows a reduction of the wave-field due to kinematic and inertial soil–building interaction effects. The results presented lead to simplified descriptions of the wave-field due to interior loads and of the soil–pile–building interaction which can be used for the prediction of technically induced vibration. KW - Wave propagation KW - Interior load KW - Dynamic pile and pile group stiffness KW - Kinematic and inertial soil-pile-building KW - Interaction PY - 2010 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2010.04.003 SN - 0261-7277 SN - 0267-7261 VL - 30 IS - 10 SP - 925 EP - 936 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-21833 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Technically induced surface wave fields, Part II: Measured and calculated admittance spectra N2 - Transfer admittance spectra of technically induced surface wave fields are analyzed in theory and experiments. Theoretical admittance spectra of layered soils are obtained by integration in wavenumber domain and compared with experimental admittances due to hammer or vibrator excitation. The admittance spectra are strongly influenced by the layering and damping of the soil. Deep stiff-soil layers yield a low-frequency cutoff, whereas a strong damping yields a high-frequency cutoff. A sharp cutoff in a narrow frequency band, which is measured at some sites, can be explained by a damping that increases with frequency, such as viscous material or scattering damping. PY - 2010 DO - https://doi.org/10.1785/0120090229 SN - 0037-1106 SN - 1943-3573 VL - 100 IS - 4 SP - 1540 EP - 1550 PB - Seismological Society of America CY - El Cerito, Calif. AN - OPUS4-22406 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Theoretical and experimental excitation force spectra for railway-induced ground vibration: vehicle-track-soil interaction, irregularities and soil measurements N2 - Excitation force spectra are necessary for a realistic prediction of railway-induced ground vibration. The excitation forces cause the ground vibration and they are themselves a result of irregularities passed by the train. The methods of the related analyses - the wavenumber integration for the wave propagation in homogeneous or layered soils, the combined finite-element boundary-element method for the vehicle-track-soil interaction - have already been presented and are the base for the advanced topic of this contribution. This contribution determines excitation force spectra of railway traffic by two completely different methods. The forward analysis starts with vehicle, track and soil irregularities, which are taken from literature and axle-box measurements, calculates the vehicle-track interaction and gets theoretical force spectra as the result. The second method is a backward analysis from the measured ground vibration of railway traffic. A calculated or measured transfer function of the soil is used to determine the excitation force spectrum of the train. A number of measurements of different soils and different trains with different speeds are analysed in that way. Forward and backward analysis yield the same approximate force spectra with values around 1 kN for each axle and third of octave. KW - Railway forces KW - Vehicle-track interaction KW - Irregularities KW - Rail roughness KW - Track alignment KW - Wheel out-of-roundness KW - Ground vibration KW - Soil transfer function PY - 2010 DO - https://doi.org/10.1080/00423110802691515 SN - 0042-3114 VL - 48 IS - 2 SP - 235 EP - 261 PB - Taylor & Francis CY - Basingstoke, Hants. AN - OPUS4-22361 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Technically induced surface wave fields, Part I: Measured attenuation and theoretical amplitude-distance laws N2 - The attenuation of the amplitudes with distance of technically induced surface wave fields is analyzed in theory and experiments. Experimental results of technically induced ground vibration are presented and collected from literature, which show a power-low attenuation A ~ r–q of amplitudes A with distance r and exponents q > 0.5 higher than for elastic surface waves. Additional attenuation effects are analyzed theoretically. The most important effect is due to the material or scattering damping. Each frequency component is attenuated exponentially as A ~ exp(–kr), but for a broadband excitation, the sum of the exponential laws yields a power law with a higher exponent. Some more effects are discussed, for example the dispersion of the Rayleigh wave due to the layering of the soil, which yields a stronger attenuation A ~ r–q–dq, including an additional exponent of dq = 0.5 in case of an impulsive loading. PY - 2010 DO - https://doi.org/10.1785/0120090228 SN - 0037-1106 SN - 1943-3573 VL - 100 IS - 4 SP - 1528 EP - 1539 PB - Seismological Society of America CY - El Cerito, Calif. AN - OPUS4-22405 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Auersch, Lutz A1 - Said, Samir T1 - Attenuation of ground vibrations due to different technical sources N2 - The attenuation of technically induced surface waves is studied theoretically and experimentally. In this paper, nineteen measurements of ground vibrations induced by eight different technical sources including road and rail traffic, vibratory and impulsive construction work or pile driving, explosions, hammer impulses and mass drops are described, and it is shown that the technically induced ground vibrations exhibit a power-law attenuation ν ~ r -q where the exponents q are in the range of 0.5 to 2.0 and depend on the source types. Comparisons performed demonstrate that the measured exponents are considerably higher than theoretically expected. Some potential effects on ground vibration attenuation are theoretically analyzed. The most important effect is due to the material or scattering damping. Each frequency component is attenuated exponentially as exp(-kr), but for a broad-band excitation, the sum of the exponential laws also yields a power law but with a high exponent. Additional effects are discussed, for example the dispersion of the Rayleigh wave due to soil layering, which yields an additional exponent of 0.5 in cases of impulsive loading. KW - Wave attenuation KW - Environmental vibrations KW - Field tests KW - Material damping KW - Scattering damping KW - Rayleigh wave PY - 2010 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-010-0018-0 SN - 1671-3664 VL - 9 IS - 3 SP - 337 EP - 344 PB - Science Press CY - Beijing, China AN - OPUS4-22124 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Building response due to ground vibration - simple prediction model based on experience with detailed models and measurements N2 - Construction work, such as pile driving and soil compaction, or road and railway traffic excite nearby buildings, and the perceptible or audible vibration can be a nuisance for nearby inhabitants. A simplified building model has been created for these situations, which includes the effects of soil-structure interaction, the low-frequency amplification along the height of the building as well as the high-frequency reduction and the floor resonances. The model consists of one wall for all supporting structures (walls and columns) and one floor for each storey. The effect of different floor resonance frequencies is included in a stochastic procedure. The soil is modelled by a spring and a viscous damper, and the free-field amplitudes of the soil are applied under this soil element. The model can be calculated by transfer matrices or in a continuous wave-type version where an analytical solution can be evaluated numerically. The building response in the high-frequency (acoustic) region is calculated as mean values over wider frequency bands. The approach to an infinite building model can be found for these high frequencies and the corresponding soil-structure transfer can be described by the ratio of impedances at foundation level. The rules for choosing the parameters to obtain realistic results are derived from complex calculations for example, for the stiffness and damping of building foundations and many measurements as for the damping of floor resonances. The influences on the floor resonance from the soil (damping) and the supporting structure (detuning) are important. Some more effects will be discussed by the simplified and detailed models and by measurements to establish a good understanding of ground-induced building vibrations. PY - 2010 SN - 1027-5851 VL - 15 IS - 3 SP - 101 EP - 112 CY - St. Petersburg, Russia AN - OPUS4-22014 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Auersch, Lutz ED - Papadrakakis, M. ED - Fragiadakis, M. ED - Plevris, V. T1 - High-speed railway tracks of a surface, bridge and tunnel line and some effects on the train-induced bridge and ground vibrations T2 - COMPDYN 2011 - 3rd International thematic conference - Computational methods in structural dynamics and earthquake engineering CY - Corfu, Greece DA - 2011-05-25 KW - Track compliance KW - Surface line KW - Bridge track KW - Tunnel track KW - Ground vibration KW - Layered soil KW - Bridge resonance KW - Train speed KW - Axle sequence KW - Track irregularities PY - 2011 SP - 1 EP - 17(?) AN - OPUS4-24555 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Auersch, Lutz ED - De Roeck, G. ED - Degrande, G. ED - Lombaert, G. ED - Müller, G. T1 - The dynamic force transfer of slab tracks and floating slab tracks and the corresponding ground vibration T2 - EURODYN 2011 - 8th International conference on structural dynamics CY - Leuven, Belgium DA - 2011-07-04 KW - Railway track KW - Slab track KW - Floating slab track KW - Track-soil interaction KW - Force transfer KW - Ground vibration PY - 2011 SN - 978-90-760-1931-4 SP - 820 EP - 827 AN - OPUS4-24556 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Auersch, Lutz ED - Náprstek, J. ED - Horácek, J. ED - Okrouhlík, M. ED - Marvalová, B. ED - Verhulst, F. ED - Sawicki, J.T. T1 - Reducing ground-borne micro-vibrations by plate foundations T2 - Vibration problems ICOVP 2011 - 10th international conference on vibration problems CY - Prague, Czech Republic DA - 2011-09-05 KW - Plate-soil interaction KW - Wave excitation KW - Vibration reduction KW - Finite-element boundary-element method PY - 2011 SN - 978-94-007-2068-8 SN - 0930-8989 N1 - Serientitel: Springer proceedings in physics – Series title: Springer proceedings in physics VL - 139 SP - 329 EP - 335 PB - Springer AN - OPUS4-24804 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Auersch, Lutz A1 - Said, Samir ED - Zhai, W. ED - Takemiya, H. ED - De Roeck, G. ED - Tutumluer, E. T1 - Experimental soil parameters by different evaluation methods for impulsive, train and ambient excitation T2 - ISEV 2011 - 5th International symposium on environmental vibration - Advances in environmental vibration CY - Chengdu, China DA - 2011-10-20 KW - Wave velocity KW - Dispersion KW - SASW KW - MASW KW - SPAC KW - Damping PY - 2011 SN - 978-7-03-032373-6 SP - 3 EP - 9 PB - Science Press AN - OPUS4-24807 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Dynamic behavior of slab tracks on homogeneous and layered soils and the reduction of ground vibration by floating slab tracks N2 - The dynamics of slab tracks and floating slab tracks are analyzed by multibeam models for the track and by integration in the wave-number domain for the soil, which is modeled as a layered half-space. Frequency-dependent compliances and force transfers are calculated for a great variety of track and soil parameters. The distribution of the load and the displacements along the track is investigated as well as the wave propagation perpendicular to the track and the ground vibration amplitudes. The floating slab track has a dominating plate-mat resonance and a strong high-frequency reduction. A track-soil resonance can also be recognized for an unisolated slab track in the case of layered soils. Generally, there is a strong damping of the track by the soil. The reduction effect of the slab mat is mainly owing to the elimination of this strong damping. The continuous soil yields slightly different rules for the displacements and force densities than those of a Winkler support. The total force transfer from the rail to the soil is the best criterion to judge the effectiveness of a floating slab track in reducing the ground vibration at some distance from the railway line. The total force transfer is easier to calculate than the double Fourier integrals of the ground vibration amplitudes, namely in the far field, and it has the best correlation with the reduction of the ground vibration. KW - Railway track KW - Slab track KW - Floating slab track KW - Track-soil interaction KW - Track vibration KW - Ground vibration KW - Force transfer PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0000407 SN - 0733-9399 SN - 1943-7889 VL - 138 IS - 8 SP - 923 EP - 933 PB - Soc. CY - New York, NY, USA AN - OPUS4-26860 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Auersch, Lutz T1 - Train induced vibration of inhomogeneous soils - a prediction based on measured and calculated point-load solutions N2 - Vehicle, track and ground vibration as well as their interaction are considered in a combined finite-element boundary-element (FEBEM) approach. The layered soil is calculated in frequency wavenumber domain and the solution for fixed or moving point or track loads follow as wavenumber integrals. The soil results from the measurements and the detailed models are approximated by simple formula which are used for the prediction of train-induced ground vibration. The influence of the track and the soil on the train induced ground vibration is analysed by the detailed models. The ground vibrations strongly depend on the regular and random inhomogeneity of the soil. The regular layering of the soil yields a cut-on and resonance phenomenon while the random inhomogeneity yields a scattering of the axle impulses which proved to be important for high-speed trains. The attenuation with distance of the ground vibration due to the point-like excitations such as vibrator or hammer excitations and the train-track excitation are investigated and compared. All theoretical results are compared with measurements at conventional and high-speed railway lines. T2 - ICSV19 - 19th International congress on sound and vibration CY - Vilnius, Lithuania DA - 08.07.2012 PY - 2012 SN - 978-609-459-079-5 SP - 1 EP - 8 AN - OPUS4-27218 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -