TY - JOUR A1 - Müller, M.E.H. A1 - Steier, I. A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Proske, Matthias A1 - Korn, U. A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Siegel, David T1 - Cocultivation of phytopathogenic Fusarium and Alternaria strains affects fungal growth and mycotoxin production N2 - Aims: A laboratory study was conducted to evaluate the influence of cocultivation of toxigenic Fusarium (F.) and Alternaria (A.) fungi with respect to growth and mycotoxin production. Methods and Results: Fusarium culmorum Fc13, Fusarium graminearum Fg23 and two Alternaria tenuissima isolates (At18 and At220) were simultaneously or consecutively co-incubated on wheat kernels in an in vitro test system. Fungal biomass was quantified by determining ergosterol content. Three Fusarium toxins (DON, NIV and ZON) and three Alternaria toxins (AOH, AME and ALT) were analysed by a newly developed HPLC/MS/MS method. In simultaneous cocultures, the fungal biomass was enhanced up to 460% compared with individual cultures; Alternaria toxins were considerably depressed down to <5%. Combining At18 and At220 with Fg23 inhibited the toxin production of both fungal partners. In contrast, Fc13 increased its DON and ZON production in competitive interaction with both A. strains. Conclusions: The interfungal competitive effects aid the understanding of the processes of competition of both fungi in natural environments and the involvement of mycotoxins as antifungal factors. Significance and Impact of Study: Cocultivation significantly affects fungal growth and mycotoxin production of phytopathogenic Alternaria and Fusarium strains. The impact of mycotoxins on the interfungal competition is highlighted. KW - Alternaria KW - Cocultivation KW - Ergosterol KW - Fusarium KW - Interfungal competition KW - Multimycotoxin analysis PY - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05388.x SN - 1364-5072 VL - 113 IS - 4 SP - 874 EP - 887 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Malden, Mass., USA AN - OPUS4-26932 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Riedel, Juliane A1 - Proske, Matthias A1 - Drzymala, Sarah A1 - Rasenko, Tatjana A1 - Durmaz, V. A1 - Weber, M. A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - Photochemical trans-/cis-isomerization and quantitation of zearalenone in edible oils N2 - The emphasis of the present work was to investigate the photochemical conversion of trans- to cis-zearalenone in edible oils under real-life conditions. For quantitation purposes a cis-zearalenone standard was synthesized and characterized for its identity and purity (≥95%) by 1H NMR, X-ray crystallography, HPLC fluorescence and mass spectrometric detection. In a sample survey of 12 edible oils (9 corn oils, 3 hempseed oils) from local supermarkets all corn oils contained trans-zearalenone (median 194 µg/kg), but no cis-zearalenone was detected. For alteration studies trans-zearalenone contaminated corn oils were exposed to sunlight over 4 and 30 weeks, revealing an obvious shift toward cis-zearalenone up to a cis/trans ratio of 9:1 by storage in colorless glass bottles. Irradiation experiments of trans-zearalenone in different organic solvents confirmed the preferred formation of cis-zearalenone possibly caused by entropic effects rather than by enthalpic entities as investigated by quantum chemical and classical force field simulations. KW - Fusarium mycotoxins KW - Food KW - Analysis KW - Occurrence PY - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/jf3037775 SN - 0021-8561 SN - 1520-5118 VL - 60 IS - 47 SP - 11733 EP - 11740 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Columbus, Ohio AN - OPUS4-27375 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Gärtner, Sonja A1 - Balski, Matthias A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Aus der Kartonverpackung in die Babynahrung N2 - Lebensmittel in Recyclingkartons finden sich längst in allen Supermärkten. Doch die schützende Verpackung kann zu einer Quelle für Kontaminationen durch Phthalate werden. Analytik und Migration dieser hormonell wirksamen Weichmacher sind daher ein aktueller Forschungsschwerpunkt. KW - Analytische Chemie KW - Lebensmittelchemie KW - Umweltanalytik KW - Gaschromatographie KW - Massenspektrometrie PY - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/nadc.201178449 SN - 1439-9598 SN - 1521-3854 VL - 59 IS - 5 SP - 544 EP - 546 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-23639 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Bremser, Wolfram A1 - Rasenko, Tatjana A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - Development and certification of a reference material for Fusarium mycotoxins in wheat flour N2 - Deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol (NIV) and zearalenone (ZEN) are toxic secondary metabolites produced by several species of Fusarium fungi. These mycotoxins are often found together in a large variety of cereal-based foods, which are regulated by maximum content levels of DON and ZEN. To date, suitable certified reference materials (CRM) intended for quality control purposes are lacking for these Fusarium mycotoxins. In order to overcome this lack, the first CRM for the determination of DON, NIV and ZEN in naturally contaminated wheat flour (ERM®-BC600) was developed in the framework of a European Reference Materials (ERM®) project. This article describes and discusses the whole process of ERM®-BC600 development, including material preparation, homogeneity and stability studies, and an interlaboratory comparison study for certification. A total of 21 selected expert laboratories from different European countries with documented expertise in the field of mycotoxin analysis took part in the certification study using various gas and liquid chromatographic methods. The certified values and their corresponding expanded uncertainties (k=2) were assigned in full compliance with the requirements of ISO Guide 35 and are as follows: 102±11 µgkg-1 for DON, 1000±130 µgkg-1 for NIV and 90±8 µgkg-1 for ZEN. KW - Deoxynivalenol KW - Nivalenol KW - Zearalenone KW - Food KW - ERM KW - Quality assurance PY - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-013-6857-6 SN - 1618-2642 SN - 1618-2650 VL - 405 IS - 14 SP - 4755 EP - 4763 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-28303 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Neue Mykotoxin-Referenzmaterialien - Qualitätssicherung in der Lebensmittelanalytik N2 - Die zuverlässige Überwachung geltender Mykotoxin-Grenzwerte ist elementarer Bestandteil von Lebensmittelsicherheit und Verbraucherschutz. Durch die zunehmende Bedeutung der Qualitätssicherung ist auch die Nachfrage an zertifizierten Referenzmaterialien (ZRM) in den letzten Jahren deutlich gestiegen. Dem steht derzeit jedoch nur eine sehr begrenzte Auswahl geeigneter ZRM gegenüber. KW - Zertifiziertes Referenzmaterial KW - ERM KW - Ochratoxin A KW - Deoxynivalenol KW - Nivalenol KW - Zearalenon KW - Kaffee KW - Wein KW - Weizen PY - 2011 SN - 0012-0413 SN - 1869-2214 IS - September SP - 434 EP - 448 PB - Wiss. Verl.-Ges. CY - Stuttgart AN - OPUS4-24616 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Bremser, Wolfram A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Krüger, Rita A1 - Rasenko, Tatjana A1 - Siegel, David A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Certification of reference materials for ochratoxin A analysis in coffee and wine N2 - Mycotoxins are important non-anthropogenic food and feed contaminants, which can be present on almost every agricultural commodity. Effective consumer protection therefore essentially depends on food surveillance by reliable quantitative analysis enabled by appropriate quality control. Certified (matrix) reference materials (CRMs) are versatile tools to support Quality assurance. However, in the case of ochratoxin A (OTA), a hepato- and nephrotoxic mycotoxin, which is regulated in various foods, there is a lack of suitable CRMs. This lack has now been overcome by the development of two European Reference Materials (ERM®) for the Determination of OTA in roasted coffee (ERM®-BD475) and red wine (ERM®-BD476). This article discusses the material preparation process as well as the results of homogeneity and stability testing. Furthermore, the results of the inhouse certification studies carried out at BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing are presented and discussed. Interlaboratory comparison studies involving selected expert laboratories with documented Expertise in the field of mycotoxin analysis were conducted to confirm the certified values determined by BAM. The certified ochratoxin A values and their corresponding expanded uncertainties (k = 2) were assigned in full compliance with the requirements of ISO Guide 35 and are as follows: (6.0 ± 0.6) µg kg-1 for roasted coffee, ERM®-BD475, and (0.52 ± 0.11) µg L-1 for red wine, ERM®-BD476. KW - OTA KW - Coffee KW - Wine KW - Food safety and quality KW - European reference materials KW - CRM PY - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00769-011-0783-0 SN - 0949-1775 SN - 1432-0517 VL - 16 SP - 429 EP - 437 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-24235 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - rac-2,3-Dibromopropionamide N2 - The racemic title compound, C3H5Br2NO, was crystallized from methanol. In the crystal, adjacent molecules are linked through N–H···O hydrogen bonds, forming chains along the c-axis direction. These chains are linked through N–H···O hydrogen bonds, forming an undulating two-dimensional network lying parallel to the bc plane. There are also short Br···Br contacts present [3.514 (3) Å]. PY - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1107/S160053681205132X SN - 1600-5368 VL - 69 IS - Part 2 SP - o151, sup-1 EP - sup-5 PB - Munksgaard CY - Copenhagen AN - OPUS4-27574 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Merkel, Stefan A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Ergotaminine N2 - The title compound {systematic name: (6aR,9S)-N-[(2R,5S,10aS,10bS)-5-benzyl-10b-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,6-dioxooctahydro-8H-oxazolo[3,2-a]pyrrolo[2,1-c]pyrazin-2-yl]-7-methyl-4,6,6a,7,8,9-hexahydroindolo[4,3-fg]quinoline-9-carboxamide}, C33H35N5O5, was formed by an epimerization reaction of ergotamine. The non-aromatic ring (ring C of the ergoline skeleton) directly fused to the aromatic rings is nearly planar [maximum deviation = 0.317 (4) Å] and shows an envelope conformation, whereas ring D, involved in an intramolecular N–H···N hydrogen bond exhibits a slightly distorted chair conformation. The structure displays chains running approximately parallel to the diagonal of bc plane that are formed through N–H···O hydrogen bonds. PY - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536812003674 SN - 1600-5368 VL - 68 IS - 3 SP - o610-o611, sup1-sup11 PB - Munksgaard CY - Copenhagen AN - OPUS4-25452 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Riedel, Juliane A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - (3S,11Z)-14,16-dihydroxy-3-methyl-3,4,5,6,9,10-hexahydro-1H-2-benz-oxacyclotetradecine-1,7(8H)-dione (cis-zearalenone): a redetermination N2 - The title compound, also known as cis-zearalenone (cis-ZEN), C18H22O5, has already been reported elsewhere [Griffin et al. (1981). ACA Ser. 29, 35], but no atomic coordinates are publicly available. The molecule is of interest with respect to its toxicity. In the crystal, intramolecular O—H···O hydrogen bonds stabilize the molecular conformation, while intermolecular O—H···O hydrogen bonds link the molecules to form infinite chains along the [110] and [1¯10] directions. The absolute configuration has been assigned by reference to an unchanging chiral centre in the synthetic procedure. PY - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536812002735 SN - 1600-5368 VL - 68 IS - 3 SP - o832, sup1 EP - sup8 PB - Munksgaard CY - Copenhagen AN - OPUS4-25546 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - rac-1-(2-aminocarbonyl-2-bromoethyl)-pyridinium bromide N2 - In the crystal structure of the title compound, C8H10BrN2O+·-Br–, intermolecular N—H···Br hydrogen bonds link the molecules into infinite chains along [001]. The inclined angle between the pyridine ring plane and the plane defined by the acid amide group is 63.97 (4)°. PY - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536812019721 SN - 1600-5368 VL - 68 IS - 6 SP - o1666, sup1 EP - sup5 PB - Munksgaard CY - Copenhagen AN - OPUS4-25894 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -