TY - CONF A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard T1 - Charakterisierung des Interface-Versagens in Faserverbundwerkstoffen mit mikromechanischen Testmethoden T2 - 5. Berliner Polymeren-Tage CY - Potsdam, Germany DA - 1994-10-05 PY - 1994 AN - OPUS4-12096 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard T1 - Charakterisierung des Faser-Matrix-Interface mit dem Indentation-Test T2 - Verbundwerkstoffe und Werkstoffverbunde CY - Bayreuth, Germany DA - 1995-10-24 PY - 1995 AN - OPUS4-12097 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard T1 - Energy Dissipation of the Fibre-Matrix Debonding Process Investigated with the Indentation Technique T2 - Interfacial Phenomena of Composite Materials IPCM'95 CY - Eindhoven, Netherlands DA - 1995-09-11 PY - 1995 AN - OPUS4-12098 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard T1 - Der Einfluss der Transkristallisation auf die scheinbare Scherfestigkeit von kohlefaserverstärktem Polyphenylensulid (PPS) mit der Einzelfaserauszugsmethode T2 - Verbundwerkstoffe und Werkstoffverbunde CY - Bayreuth, Germany DA - 1995-10-24 PY - 1995 AN - OPUS4-12099 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard T1 - Energy based characterization of the fiber-matrix interface unsing the pull-out and the push-out test T2 - Micro Mat '97 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 1997-04-16 PY - 1997 AN - OPUS4-12100 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard T1 - Energy based characterization of the fiber-matrix interface unsing the pull-out and the push-out test T2 - Interfacial Phenomena of Composite Materials IPCM'97 CY - Eger, Hungary DA - 1997-09-01 PY - 1997 AN - OPUS4-12101 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard T1 - Interfacial properties and their determination by using stiffness optimized test devices T2 - Workshop on Micro-Mechanics Measurement Technologies, NIST CY - Gaithersburg, MD, USA DA - 1997-05-28 PY - 1997 AN - OPUS4-12103 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard T1 - Untersuchung der Phasenhaftung in Verbundwerkstoffen mit dem Faser-Eindrückversuch T2 - Wissensbörse - Präparationstechnik und Analytik CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 19.02.1998 PY - 1998 AN - OPUS4-12104 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard T1 - Influence of water on the fibre-matrix adhesion investigated by the single fiber indentation method T2 - 4th European Conference on Adhesion, 1st World Congress on Adhesion an Related Phenomena CY - Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany DA - 1998-09-06 PY - 1998 AN - OPUS4-12105 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard T1 - Testing the fibre-matrix adhesion in fiber reinforced polymers using the single fibre push-out method T2 - 8th European Conference on Applications of Surface and Interface Analysis (ECASIA 99) CY - Seville, Spain DA - 1999-10-04 PY - 1999 AN - OPUS4-12106 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard T1 - Monitoring the interface crack propagation with micromechanical test devices T2 - Interfacial Phenomena in Composite Materials CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2001-01-28 PY - 2001 AN - OPUS4-12107 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard T1 - Comparison of Interfacial Properties obtained by using Single Filament Embedded Tensile Test and Push-in Test T2 - Recent Advancement of Interfacial Materials Science on Composite Materials '97 CY - Kyoto, Japan DA - 1997-05-07 PY - 1997 AN - OPUS4-12213 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard T1 - Untersuchung des Faser-Matrix-Interface in Verbundwerkstoffen mit Einzelfaserversuchen T2 - Technische Universität Clausthal, Institut für Polymerwerkstoffe und Kunststofftechnik - Eingeladener Vortrag CY - Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany DA - 2006-04-26 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-13803 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard T1 - Testing the interface shear strength of carbon fibre reinforced composites T2 - Polydays 2006 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2006-10-04 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-13804 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Marotzke, Christian A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard ED - Zachariev, G. T1 - Microscopical Failure Processes in Fiber Reinforced Polymers - Mechanical Aspects of the Adhesion between Fiber and Matrix T2 - 11th International Conference on Mechanics and Technology of Composite Materials CY - Sofia, Bulgaria DA - 2006-10-02 KW - Composite materials KW - Failure process KW - Adhesion PY - 2006 SP - 37 EP - 42 PB - Bulgarian Academy of Sciences CY - Sofia AN - OPUS4-14027 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard T1 - Mikromechanische Methoden zur Messung der Faser-Matrix-Haftung in Polymermatrix-Verbundwerkstoffen T2 - Kolloquium des Fraunhofer IZM CY - Teltow, Germany DA - 2007-07-20 PY - 2007 AN - OPUS4-15858 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ho, K.K.C. A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard A1 - Tran, M.Q. A1 - Polyakova, N.V. A1 - Bismarck, A. T1 - Fluorinated carbon fibres and their suitability as reinforcement for fluoropolymers N2 - The interaction between direct fluorinated carbon fibres and various fluoropolymers (ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene, poly vinylidene fluoride, fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer and tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoro alkoxy vinyl ether copolymer) was studied by means of direct wetting measurements between fibres and the polymer melts and single fibre pull-out tests. The results of both techniques allow the adhesion behaviour between the fibres and the matrices to be predicted. The results obtained show that a low degree of surface fluorination of carbon fibres leads to an improved wettability between the fibres and fluoropolymer melts and this is an indicator for an improved thermodynamic work of adhesion. The apparent interfacial shear strength as measure of practical adhesion, determined by the single fibre pull-out test, increases with increasing degree of surface fluorine content up to a maximum, which depends on the degree of fluorination of the matrix used. The improved interaction between the fibre and the matrix is due to an enhanced compatibility at the fibre/matrix interface. KW - Adhesion KW - A. Carbon fibres KW - B. Debonding KW - B. Interfacial strength PY - 2007 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2007.02.012 SN - 0266-3538 VL - 67 IS - 13 SP - 2699 EP - 2706 PB - Elsevier CY - Barking AN - OPUS4-15814 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ho, K.K.C. A1 - Lamoriniere, S. A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard A1 - Schulz, Eckhard A1 - Bismarck, A. T1 - Interfacial behavior between atmospheric-plasma-fluorinated carbon fibers and poly(vinylidene fluoride) N2 - Atmospheric-plasma fluorination was used to introduce fluorine functionalities onto the surface of carbon fibers without affecting their bulk properties. The interfacial adhesion between atmospheric-plasma-fluorinated carbon fibers and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) was studied by means of direct wetting measurements and single fiber pullout tests. Measured contact angles of PVDF melt droplets on modified carbon fibers show that short exposure times of carbon fibers to atmospheric-plasma fluorination (corresponding to a degree of surface fluorination of F/C = 0.01 (1.1%)) leads to improved wettability of the fibers by PVDF melts. The apparent interfacial shear strength as a measure of practical adhesion, determined by the single-fiber pullout test, increases by 65% under optimal treatment conditions. The improved practical adhesion is not due to the formation of transcrystalline regions around the fibers or a change of the bulk matrix crystallinity or to an increased surface roughness; it seems to be due to the compatibilization of the interface caused of the atmospheric-plasma fluorination of the carbon fibers. KW - Carbon fibers KW - Fluorination KW - Contact angle KW - Interface KW - Adhesion KW - Surface area KW - Fiber properties PY - 2007 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2007.04.076 SN - 0021-9797 SN - 1095-7103 VL - 313 IS - 2 SP - 476 EP - 484 PB - Elsevier CY - Orlando, Fla. AN - OPUS4-16026 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard T1 - Hierarchical Composites with Carbon Nanotube Grafted Fibres T2 - ECCM 13, 13th European Conference on Composite Materials CY - Stockholm, Sweden DA - 2011-06-02 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-24272 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Michaeli, W. A1 - Baranowski, T. A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard T1 - Einfluss der Mikrostruktur auf den Druck- und Zug-E-Modul teilkristalliner Kunststoffe N2 - In Kooperation zwischen dem Institut für Kunststoffverarbeitung (IKV) und der Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) wurde das mechanische Verhalten unter Druck- und Zugbelastung unterschiedlicher morphologischer Strukturen teilkristalliner Thermoplaste (PP und POM) untersucht. Im Ergebnis steigt der E-Modul sowohl der druck- wie auch zugbelasteten Prüfkörper aus spritzgegossenem PP und POM mit gröberem Gefüge an. Probekörper mit scherinduziertem Gefüge zeigen einen hohen Einfluss des Kristallisationsgrads auf den E-Modul. KW - Carbon fibre KW - Nanotubes KW - Hierarchical composites KW - Pull-out test KW - Push-out test PY - 2011 SN - 0025-5300 VL - 53 IS - 10 SP - 616 EP - 628 PB - Hanser CY - München AN - OPUS4-24341 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Greenhalgh, E.S. A1 - Ankersen, J. A1 - Asp, L. E. A1 - Bismarck, A. A1 - Fontana, Q.P.V. A1 - Houlle, M. A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard A1 - Kucernak, A. A1 - Mistry, M. A1 - Nguyen, S. A1 - Qian, H. A1 - Shaffer, M.S.P. A1 - Shirshova, N. A1 - Steinke, J.H.G. A1 - Wienrich, Malte T1 - Mechanical and microstructural characterisation of multifunctional structural power composites N2 - Although the inherent anisotropy of polymer composites has presented daunting technical challenges, these materials now offer engineers considerable opportunities for efficient structural design. More recently, the advent of multifunctional composites which can fulfill more than one role within a system has attracted considerable interest, providing designers with exciting opportunities to innovate. Of particular interest here are structural power composites, which simultaneously carry mechanical load whilst storing/delivering electrical energy. Although the development of these composites is highly challenging, often with conflicting constituent requirements, the STORAGE consortium has had considerable success in the development of these materials for automotive applications. The focus of this paper is structural supercapacitors, the basic architecture of a single cell of which is shown in Fig. 1. This entails two carbon fibre woven lamina (electrodes) which sandwich a glass fibre woven lamina (separator), all of which is embedded within a multifunctional matrix (electrolyte). This architecture has been the focus of the research to date, leading to components such as that shown in Fig.1 having been fabricated. This paper reports on the mechanical properties and microstructures of the different reinforcement and matrix combinations for structural supercapacitors. T2 - ICCM19 - 19th International conference on composite materials CY - Montreal, Canada DA - 28.07.2013 KW - Structural electrolyte KW - Multifunctional supercapacitor KW - Fractography KW - Ionic conductivity KW - Mechanical properties PY - 2013 SP - 2228 EP - 2237 AN - OPUS4-29272 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Shirshova, N. A1 - Bismarck, A. A1 - Carreyette, S. A1 - Greenhalgh, E.S. A1 - Johansson, P. A1 - Marczewski, M.J. A1 - Jacobsson, P. A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard A1 - Shaffer, M.S.P. A1 - Wienrich, Malte A1 - Steinke, J.H.G. T1 - Correlations between mechanical properties and ionic conduction of structural electrolytes with bicontinuous morphologies N2 - Electrolyte systems that can carry mechanical load while allowing for high levels of ionic conductivity are an important prerequisite for structural power storage devices. Introduction of structural power storage into the variety of consumer products will allow saving in weight and volume. Moreover, using a supercapacitor/battery system in hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), the supercapacitor part will extend the battery lifetime by protecting it from the high peak currents. To successfully produce structural power storage requires the development of multifunctional electrolytes where one has to simultaneously maximize mechanical properties and ionic conductivity. T2 - ICCM19 - 19th International conference on composite materials CY - Montreal, Canada DA - 28.07.2013 KW - Structural electrolyte KW - Multifunctional supercapacitor KW - Bicontinuous morphology KW - Epoxy resin KW - Ionic conductivity KW - Mechanical properties PY - 2013 SP - 72 EP - 79 AN - OPUS4-29273 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lüders, C. A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard A1 - Li, Wei A1 - Sinapius, M. A1 - Wille, T. T1 - Experimental and numerical multiscale approach to thermally cycled FRP N2 - Due to the different thermal expansion of the constituent materials, cyclic thermal loading of FRP induces alternating stresses in the material at two scales: at the micro scale (level of fibre–matrix-interaction) and at the macro scale (level of the multidirectional laminate). Especially the micro scale effect is not comprehensively investigated yet. Additionally, computational investigations mostly neglect this effect due to the homogenous modelling of the composite material. As this effect is assumed to significantly contribute to the fatigue of FRP at thermal loads, the present paper suggests an experimental and numerical multiscale approach including Experiments at the different involved material scales to separately observe the effects acting at these scales. The approach also includes numerical modelling for each scale to complement the knowledge gained from the Experiments and to create a basis for the consideration of the micro effect even in macroscopic fatigue models treating homogeneous modelled composites. The main focus of the contribution is to bring the overall Approach up for discussion, rather than to present the multiscale modelling details. KW - Fatigue KW - Thermal cycling KW - Fibre reinforced plastic KW - Cryogenic KW - Carbon Fibre KW - Epoxy Resin PY - 2020 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.112303 SN - 0263-8223 VL - 244 SP - 112303 PB - Elsevier Ltd. CY - Niederlande AN - OPUS4-50844 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gebhardt, M. A1 - Manolakis, I. A1 - Chatterjee, A. A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard A1 - Deubener, J. A1 - Pfnür, H. A1 - Chakraborty, S. A1 - Meiners, D. T1 - Reducing the raw material usage for room temperature infusible and polymerisable thermoplastic CFRPs through reuse of recycled waste matrix material N2 - In this work, a closed loop recycling process is investigated, which allows polymerised bulk thermoplastic matrix (Elium 150) from production waste (also referred to as recyclate) to be reused as additive in composite manufacturing by vacuum assisted resin infusion (VARI) of virgin Elium 150 monomer. It is shown that this process can save up to 7.5 wt% of virgin material usage in each processing cycle. At the same time, the thermal stability and stiffness of the composite increases with the proportion of recyclate introduced. Contemporarily, the shear and bending properties have also been observed to improve. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) showed that the changes observed are due to an increase in molecular weight with the recyclate content. In particular, a correlation between the molecular weight and the shear properties of the composite was discovered using single fibre push-out tests. KW - Mechanical properties KW - Recycling KW - Carbon fibres KW - Fibre/matrix bond PY - 2021 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.108877 SN - 1359-8368 VL - 216 SP - 108877 PB - Elsevier Ltd. CY - Niederlande AN - OPUS4-52711 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Guerra, E. S. S. A1 - Silva, B. L. A1 - Melo, J. D. D. A1 - Kalinka, Gerhard A1 - Barbosa, A. P. C. T1 - Microscale evaluation of epoxy matrix composites containing thermoplastic healing agent N2 - Among the strategies to produce healable thermosetting systems is their modification by the addition of thermoplastic particles. This work investigates the influence of poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) (EMAA) on fibermatrix interfacial properties of a glass fiber reinforced epoxy matrix composite. Epoxy-EMAA interactions were evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and infrared spectroscopy. The effects of EMAA on the epoxy network formation were evidenced by changes in glass transition temperature, cure kinetics and alteration of chemical groups during cure. Interfacial shear strength (IFSS) measurements obtained by single fiber pull-out tests indicate similar interfacial properties for pure and EMAA modified epoxy. Additionally, the potential for self-healing ability of an EMAA modified epoxy was demonstrated. However, IFSS after a healing cycle for the EMAA modified epoxy was lower as compared to the pure epoxy, because of the lower fiber-EMAA interfacial shear strength. So, thermoplastic healing agents has not only to fill cracks in the matrix material, but also have to be optimized regarding its interface properties to the reinforcing fibers. KW - Interfacial strength KW - Fiber/matrix bond KW - Self-healing KW - Polymer-matrix composites (PMC) PY - 2022 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2022.109843 SN - 0266-3538 VL - 232 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Elsevier Ltd. CY - Niederlande AN - OPUS4-56379 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -