TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Hexabromcyclododecan: Absolute Konfigurationen und thermische Umwandlung T2 - Jahrestagung 2006 der GDCh-Fachgruppe "Umweltchemie und Ökotoxikologie" CY - Halle (Saale), Germany DA - 2006-10-04 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-12426 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Bremser, Wolfram A1 - Rasenko, Tatjana A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - Development and certification of a reference material for Fusarium mycotoxins in wheat flour N2 - Deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol (NIV) and zearalenone (ZEN) are toxic secondary metabolites produced by several species of Fusarium fungi. These mycotoxins are often found together in a large variety of cereal-based foods, which are regulated by maximum content levels of DON and ZEN. To date, suitable certified reference materials (CRM) intended for quality control purposes are lacking for these Fusarium mycotoxins. In order to overcome this lack, the first CRM for the determination of DON, NIV and ZEN in naturally contaminated wheat flour (ERM®-BC600) was developed in the framework of a European Reference Materials (ERM®) project. This article describes and discusses the whole process of ERM®-BC600 development, including material preparation, homogeneity and stability studies, and an interlaboratory comparison study for certification. A total of 21 selected expert laboratories from different European countries with documented expertise in the field of mycotoxin analysis took part in the certification study using various gas and liquid chromatographic methods. The certified values and their corresponding expanded uncertainties (k=2) were assigned in full compliance with the requirements of ISO Guide 35 and are as follows: 102±11 µgkg-1 for DON, 1000±130 µgkg-1 for NIV and 90±8 µgkg-1 for ZEN. KW - Deoxynivalenol KW - Nivalenol KW - Zearalenone KW - Food KW - ERM KW - Quality assurance PY - 2013 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-013-6857-6 SN - 1618-2642 SN - 1618-2650 VL - 405 IS - 14 SP - 4755 EP - 4763 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-28303 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Varga, E. A1 - Glauner, T. A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Mayer, K. A1 - Sulyok, M. A1 - Schuhmacher, R. A1 - Krska, R. A1 - Berthiller, F. T1 - Stable isotope dilution assay for the accurate determination of mycotoxins in maize by UHPLC-MS/MS N2 - A fast, easy-to-handle and cost-effective analytical method for 11 mycotoxins currently regulated in maize and other cereal-based food products in Europe was developed and validated for maize. The method is based on two extraction steps using different acidified acetonitrile–water mixtures. Separation is achieved using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) by a linear water–methanol gradient. After electrospray ionisation, tandem mass spectrometric detection is performed in dynamic multiple reaction monitoring mode. Since accurate mass spectrometric quantification is hampered by matrix effects, uniformly [13C]- labelled mycotoxins for each of the 11 compounds were added to the sample extracts prior to UHPLC-MS/MS analysis. Method performance parameters were obtained by spiking blank maize samples with mycotoxins before as well as after extraction on six levels in triplicates. The twofold extraction led to total recoveries of the extraction steps between 97%and 111% for all target analytes, including fumonisins. The [13C]- labelled internal standards efficiently compensated all matrix effects in electrospray ionisation, leading to apparent recoveries between 88% and 105% with reasonable additional costs. The relative standard deviations of the whole method were between 4% and 11% for all analytes. The trueness of the method was verified by the measurement of several maize test materials with well-characterized concentrations. In conclusion, the developed method is capable of determining all regulated mycotoxins in maize and presuming similar matrix effects and extraction recovery also in other cerealbased foods. KW - Mycotoxins KW - Stable isotope dilution assay KW - Multi-target analysis KW - Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography KW - Tandem mass spectrometry KW - Maize PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-012-5757-5 SN - 1618-2642 SN - 1618-2650 VL - 402 IS - 9 SP - 2675 EP - 2686 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-25640 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Steier, I. A1 - Müller, M. A1 - Siegel, D. A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - Fungal growth and mycotoxin production during coculltivation of phytopathogenic Fusarium and Alternaria strains T2 - 35. Mykotoxin-Workshop der Gesellschaft für Mykotoxinforschung e. V. CY - Ghent, Belgium DA - 2013-05-22 PY - 2013 AN - OPUS4-28580 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Neue Mykotoxin-Referenzmaterialien - Qualitätssicherung in der Lebensmittelanalytik N2 - Die zuverlässige Überwachung geltender Mykotoxin-Grenzwerte ist elementarer Bestandteil von Lebensmittelsicherheit und Verbraucherschutz. Durch die zunehmende Bedeutung der Qualitätssicherung ist auch die Nachfrage an zertifizierten Referenzmaterialien (ZRM) in den letzten Jahren deutlich gestiegen. Dem steht derzeit jedoch nur eine sehr begrenzte Auswahl geeigneter ZRM gegenüber. KW - Zertifiziertes Referenzmaterial KW - ERM KW - Ochratoxin A KW - Deoxynivalenol KW - Nivalenol KW - Zearalenon KW - Kaffee KW - Wein KW - Weizen PY - 2011 SN - 0012-0413 SN - 1869-2214 IS - September SP - 434 EP - 448 PB - Wiss. Verl.-Ges. CY - Stuttgart AN - OPUS4-24616 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Bremser, Wolfram A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Krüger, Rita A1 - Rasenko, Tatjana A1 - Siegel, David A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Certification of reference materials for ochratoxin A analysis in coffee and wine N2 - Mycotoxins are important non-anthropogenic food and feed contaminants, which can be present on almost every agricultural commodity. Effective consumer protection therefore essentially depends on food surveillance by reliable quantitative analysis enabled by appropriate quality control. Certified (matrix) reference materials (CRMs) are versatile tools to support Quality assurance. However, in the case of ochratoxin A (OTA), a hepato- and nephrotoxic mycotoxin, which is regulated in various foods, there is a lack of suitable CRMs. This lack has now been overcome by the development of two European Reference Materials (ERM®) for the Determination of OTA in roasted coffee (ERM®-BD475) and red wine (ERM®-BD476). This article discusses the material preparation process as well as the results of homogeneity and stability testing. Furthermore, the results of the inhouse certification studies carried out at BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing are presented and discussed. Interlaboratory comparison studies involving selected expert laboratories with documented Expertise in the field of mycotoxin analysis were conducted to confirm the certified values determined by BAM. The certified ochratoxin A values and their corresponding expanded uncertainties (k = 2) were assigned in full compliance with the requirements of ISO Guide 35 and are as follows: (6.0 ± 0.6) µg kg-1 for roasted coffee, ERM®-BD475, and (0.52 ± 0.11) µg L-1 for red wine, ERM®-BD476. KW - OTA KW - Coffee KW - Wine KW - Food safety and quality KW - European reference materials KW - CRM PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00769-011-0783-0 SN - 0949-1775 SN - 1432-0517 VL - 16 SP - 429 EP - 437 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-24235 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - rac-2,3-Dibromopropionamide N2 - The racemic title compound, C3H5Br2NO, was crystallized from methanol. In the crystal, adjacent molecules are linked through N–H···O hydrogen bonds, forming chains along the c-axis direction. These chains are linked through N–H···O hydrogen bonds, forming an undulating two-dimensional network lying parallel to the bc plane. There are also short Br···Br contacts present [3.514 (3) Å]. PY - 2013 DO - https://doi.org/10.1107/S160053681205132X SN - 1600-5368 VL - 69 IS - Part 2 SP - o151, sup-1 EP - sup-5 PB - Munksgaard CY - Copenhagen AN - OPUS4-27574 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Merkel, Stefan A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Ergotaminine N2 - The title compound {systematic name: (6aR,9S)-N-[(2R,5S,10aS,10bS)-5-benzyl-10b-hydroxy-2-methyl-3,6-dioxooctahydro-8H-oxazolo[3,2-a]pyrrolo[2,1-c]pyrazin-2-yl]-7-methyl-4,6,6a,7,8,9-hexahydroindolo[4,3-fg]quinoline-9-carboxamide}, C33H35N5O5, was formed by an epimerization reaction of ergotamine. The non-aromatic ring (ring C of the ergoline skeleton) directly fused to the aromatic rings is nearly planar [maximum deviation = 0.317 (4) Å] and shows an envelope conformation, whereas ring D, involved in an intramolecular N–H···N hydrogen bond exhibits a slightly distorted chair conformation. The structure displays chains running approximately parallel to the diagonal of bc plane that are formed through N–H···O hydrogen bonds. PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536812003674 SN - 1600-5368 VL - 68 IS - 3 SP - o610-o611, sup1-sup11 PB - Munksgaard CY - Copenhagen AN - OPUS4-25452 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Riedel, Juliane A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - (3S,11Z)-14,16-dihydroxy-3-methyl-3,4,5,6,9,10-hexahydro-1H-2-benz-oxacyclotetradecine-1,7(8H)-dione (cis-zearalenone): a redetermination N2 - The title compound, also known as cis-zearalenone (cis-ZEN), C18H22O5, has already been reported elsewhere [Griffin et al. (1981). ACA Ser. 29, 35], but no atomic coordinates are publicly available. The molecule is of interest with respect to its toxicity. In the crystal, intramolecular O—H···O hydrogen bonds stabilize the molecular conformation, while intermolecular O—H···O hydrogen bonds link the molecules to form infinite chains along the [110] and [1¯10] directions. The absolute configuration has been assigned by reference to an unchanging chiral centre in the synthetic procedure. PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536812002735 SN - 1600-5368 VL - 68 IS - 3 SP - o832, sup1 EP - sup8 PB - Munksgaard CY - Copenhagen AN - OPUS4-25546 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - rac-1-(2-aminocarbonyl-2-bromoethyl)-pyridinium bromide N2 - In the crystal structure of the title compound, C8H10BrN2O+·-Br–, intermolecular N—H···Br hydrogen bonds link the molecules into infinite chains along [001]. The inclined angle between the pyridine ring plane and the plane defined by the acid amide group is 63.97 (4)°. PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536812019721 SN - 1600-5368 VL - 68 IS - 6 SP - o1666, sup1 EP - sup5 PB - Munksgaard CY - Copenhagen AN - OPUS4-25894 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Neuhof, Torsten A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Letter: High-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry analysis of the mycotoxin aurofusarin N2 - High-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) can be used for simultaneous quantification of various mycotoxins in contaminated food samples. Therefore, multi-mycotoxin methods have been developed in the last couple of years. To enlarge these methods for further analytes, we have developed a LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of the mycotoxin aurofusarin. Additionally, further LC-MSn experiments were performed to demonstrate the fragmentation pattern of aurofusarin. Applicable multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) transitions of aurofusarin were found and optimized by parameter variation of the tandem mass spectrometer. The applicability of the developed method was tested by analysis of naturally contaminated wheat. KW - LC-MS/MS KW - Multi-mycotoxin method KW - Aurofusarin PY - 2008 DO - https://doi.org/10.1255/ejms.935 SN - 1469-0667 SN - 1356-1049 SN - 1365-0718 VL - 14 IS - 5 SP - 329 EP - 333 PB - IM Publications CY - Chichester AN - OPUS4-18199 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Köppen, Robert T1 - Qualitätssicherung für Mykotoxinanalytik: Referenzmaterialien N2 - In den letzten Jahren hat die Europische Union neue Grenzwerte für Schimmelpilzgifte in Lebensmitteln festgelegt, weitere werden diskutiert. Parallel dazu sind neue Referenzmaterialien erforderlich. KW - Mykotoxine KW - Lebensmittel KW - Referenzmaterial KW - ERM PY - 2013 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/nadc.201390283 SN - 1439-9598 SN - 1521-3854 VL - 61 IS - 9 SP - 920 EP - 922 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-29320 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Rasenko, Tatjana A1 - Merkel, Stefan A1 - Mönch, Bettina A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - Novel solid-phase extraction for epimer-specific quantification of ergot alkaloids in rye flour and wheat germ oil N2 - Ergot alkaloids and their epimer-specific determination have gained increasing importance for food safety. A solid-phase extraction and cleanup method based on sodium-neutralized strong cation exchange (Na+-SCX) was developed to quantitate 12 priority ergot alkaloids in rye flour and wheat germ oil by HPLC fluorescence analysis. Sample preparation is achieved by omitting acidic and alkaline conditions enabling minimized epimerization, which is necessary to determine ergot alkaloids according to their natural distribution in foods. Ergot alkaloids are eluted from SCX-column by forming ion pairs using a sodium hexanesulfonate containing solution which prevents epimerization for at least 96 h. Method validation yielded recoveries of 80–120% (rye flour) and 71–96% (wheat germ oil) with a maximum limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 2.0 µg kg–1 per ergot alkaloid for both matrices. The applicability of the developed method was demonstrated by analyzing 16 samples from German retail markets: 9 rye flours (max 178 ± 5 µg kg–1) and, reported for the first time, 7 wheat germ oils (max 56.8 ± 2.7 µg kg–1) expressed as the sum of 12 ergot alkaloids. KW - Sample preparation KW - SCX-resin KW - Isomerization KW - Vegetable oil KW - Rye flour KW - HPLC PY - 2013 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/jf403628q SN - 0021-8561 SN - 1520-5118 VL - 61 IS - 45 SP - 10699 EP - 10707 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Columbus, Ohio AN - OPUS4-29592 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Merkel, Stefan A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Ergometrinine N2 - The absolute configuration of ergometrinine, C19H23N3O2 {systematic name: (6aR,9S)-N-[(S)-1-hydroxypropan-2-yl]-7-methyl-4,6,6a,7,8,9-hexahydroindolo[4,3-fg]quinoline-9-carboxamide}, was established based on epimerization reaction of ergometrine, which was followed by preparative HPLC. The non-aromatic ring (ring C of the ergoline skeleton) directly fused to the aromatic rings is nearly planar [maximum deviation = 0.271 (3) Å] and shows an envelope conformation, whereas ring D, involved in an intramolecular N-HN hydrogen bond, exibits a slightly distorted chair conformation. The structure displays undulating layers in the ac plane formed by O-H...O and N-H...O hydrogen bonds. KW - Ergometrinine KW - Ergometrine KW - Ergot alkaloids KW - Indole alkaloids KW - Crystal structure KW - Epimerization PY - 2010 DO - https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536810030825 SN - 1600-5368 VL - 66 IS - 9 SP - o2275, sup-1 - sup-9 PB - Munksgaard CY - Copenhagen AN - OPUS4-21806 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Siegel, David A1 - Merkel, Stefan A1 - Maul, Ronald A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Determination of mycotoxins in foods: current state of analytical methods and limitations N2 - Mycotoxins are natural contaminants produced by a range of fungal species. Their common occurrence in food and feed poses a threat to the health of humans and animals. This threat is caused either by the direct contamination of agricultural commodities or by a "carry-over" of mycotoxins and their metabolites into animal tissues, milk, and eggs after feeding of contaminated hay or corn. As a consequence of their diverse chemical structures and varying physical properties, mycotoxins exhibit a wide range of biological effects. Individual mycotoxins can be genotoxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic, teratogenic, and oestrogenic. To protect consumer health and to reduce economic losses, surveillance and control of mycotoxins in food and feed has become a major objective for producers, regulatory authorities and researchers worldwide. However, the variety of chemical structures makes it impossible to use one single technique for mycotoxin analysis. Hence, a vast number of analytical methods has been developed and validated. The heterogeneity of food matrices combined with the demand for a fast, simultaneous and accurate determination of multiple mycotoxins creates enormous challenges for routine analysis. The most crucial issues will be discussed in this review. These are (1) the collection of representative samples, (2) the performance of classical and emerging analytical methods based on chromatographic or immunochemical techniques, (3) the validation of official methods for enforcement, and (4) the limitations and future prospects of the current methods. KW - Mycotoxins and fungal metabolites KW - Food KW - Rapid and validated methods KW - Regulations KW - Sampling KW - Multi-mycotoxin determination PY - 2010 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-010-2535-1 SN - 0175-7598 VL - 86 IS - 6 SP - 1595 EP - 1612 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-21184 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Klein-Hartwig, Karin A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Herstellung eines Haferflocken-Referenzmaterials für die Mykotoxine T-2 und HT-2 T2 - Tag der Chemie 2010 (Freie Universität Berlin) CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2010-06-16 PY - 2010 AN - OPUS4-21226 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Rasenko, Tatjana A1 - Klein-Hartwig, Karin A1 - Bremser, Wolfram A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Fusarium mycotoxin CRMs - perfect tools for quality control in food analysis - T2 - Conference in the frame of the 50th Anniversary of the JRC's IRMM CY - Geel, Belgium DA - 2010-11-23 PY - 2010 AN - OPUS4-22265 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - Zertifizierte Referenzmaterialien und ihre Bedeutung für die Metrologie T2 - 2. Fresenius-Praktikertagung für Labor-Verantwortliche "Analytik & QS" CY - Mainz, Germany DA - 2012-11-07 PY - 2012 AN - OPUS4-26897 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Müller, M.E.H. A1 - Steier, I. A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Proske, Matthias A1 - Korn, U. A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Siegel, David T1 - Cocultivation of phytopathogenic Fusarium and Alternaria strains affects fungal growth and mycotoxin production N2 - Aims: A laboratory study was conducted to evaluate the influence of cocultivation of toxigenic Fusarium (F.) and Alternaria (A.) fungi with respect to growth and mycotoxin production. Methods and Results: Fusarium culmorum Fc13, Fusarium graminearum Fg23 and two Alternaria tenuissima isolates (At18 and At220) were simultaneously or consecutively co-incubated on wheat kernels in an in vitro test system. Fungal biomass was quantified by determining ergosterol content. Three Fusarium toxins (DON, NIV and ZON) and three Alternaria toxins (AOH, AME and ALT) were analysed by a newly developed HPLC/MS/MS method. In simultaneous cocultures, the fungal biomass was enhanced up to 460% compared with individual cultures; Alternaria toxins were considerably depressed down to <5%. Combining At18 and At220 with Fg23 inhibited the toxin production of both fungal partners. In contrast, Fc13 increased its DON and ZON production in competitive interaction with both A. strains. Conclusions: The interfungal competitive effects aid the understanding of the processes of competition of both fungi in natural environments and the involvement of mycotoxins as antifungal factors. Significance and Impact of Study: Cocultivation significantly affects fungal growth and mycotoxin production of phytopathogenic Alternaria and Fusarium strains. The impact of mycotoxins on the interfungal competition is highlighted. KW - Alternaria KW - Cocultivation KW - Ergosterol KW - Fusarium KW - Interfungal competition KW - Multimycotoxin analysis PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05388.x SN - 1364-5072 VL - 113 IS - 4 SP - 874 EP - 887 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Malden, Mass., USA AN - OPUS4-26932 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Merkel, Stefan A1 - Dib, Baha A1 - Maul, Ronald A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Degradation and epimerization of ergot alkaloids after baking and in vitro digestion N2 - The degradation and epimerization of ergot alkaloids (EAs) in rye flour were investigated after baking cookies and subsequently subjecting them to an in vitro digestion model. Different steps of digestion were analyzed using salivary, gastric, and duodenal juices. The degradation and bidirectional conversion of the toxicologically relevant (R)-epimers and the biologically inactive (S)-epimers for seven pairs of EAs were determined by a HPLC method coupled with fluorescence detection. Baking cookies resulted in degradation of EAs (2–30 %) and a shift in the epimeric ratio toward the (S)-epimer for all EAs. The applied digestion model led to a selective toxification of ergotamine and ergosine, two ergotamine-type EAs. The initial percentage of the toxic (R)-epimer in relation to the total toxin content was considerably increased after digestion of cookies. Ergotamine and ergosine increased from 32 to 51 % and 35 to 55 %, respectively. In contrast, EAs of the ergotoxine type (ergocornine, α- and β-ergocryptine, and ergocristine) showed an epimeric shift toward their biologically inactive (S)-epimers. Further experiments indicated that the selective epimerization of ergotamine EAs occurs in the duodenal juice only. These results demonstrate that toxification of EAs in the intestinal tract should be taken into consideration. KW - HPLC-FLD KW - Claviceps purpurea KW - Rye KW - Ergotoxine KW - Ergotamine KW - Deoxynivalenol KW - Nivalenol KW - Zearalenone KW - Food KW - ERM KW - Quality assurance PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-012-6386-8 SN - 1618-2642 SN - 1618-2650 VL - 404 IS - 8 SP - 2489 EP - 2497 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-27119 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Merkel, Stefan A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Lysergol monohydrate N2 - In the title compound [systematic name: (7-methyl-4,6,6a,7,8,9-hexahydroindolo[4,3,2-fg]quinoline-9-yl)methanol monohydrate], C16H18N2O·H2O, the non-aromatic ring (ring C of the ergoline skeleton) directly fused to the aromatic rings is nearly planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.659 (3) Å, and shows an envelope conformation. In the crystal, hydrogen bonds between the lysergol and water molecules contribute to the formation of layers parallel to (10-2). PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536812002632 SN - 1600-5368 VL - 68 IS - 2 SP - o523, sup1 EP - sup8 PB - Munksgaard CY - Copenhagen AN - OPUS4-25401 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Merkel, Stefan A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Lumi-ergometrine - structural identification and occurrence in sclerotia N2 - The fungus Claviceps purpurea grows on grasses and cereal grains and produces six predominant ergot alkaloids. These toxic substances undergo different transformation reactions during storage and cereal processing. One of these reactions is the addition of water to a double bond in the ergoline skeleton. Since light is required for this process, the substances formed were named lumi-ergot alkaloids. From these, a new asymmetric carbon and consequently two epimers with different polarities are formed. For investigations of lumi-ergot alkaloids, ergometrine was used exemplarily as it represents one of the six ergot alkaloids predominantly formed by Claviceps purpurea. The main reaction product, the less polar compound of the two lumiergometrine epimers, was separated by HPLC and unambiguously identified as 10-(S)-lumi-ergometrine using X-ray structural analysis. A HPLC-MS/MS method was developed for the detection of this substance in sclerotia extracts. Using this method, the existence of both epimeric forms of lumiergometrine could be proved in the sclerotia. This is the first time that the existence of a lumi-transformation product of ergot alkaloids was proved in naturally grown samples. KW - Lumi-ergot alkaloids KW - Sclerotia KW - Claviceps purpurea KW - HPLC-MS/MS PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12550-011-0116-5 SN - 0178-7888 VL - 28 IS - 1 SP - 59 EP - 66 PB - Springer CY - Berlin; Heidelberg AN - OPUS4-25442 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Riedel, Juliane A1 - Proske, Matthias A1 - Drzymala, Sarah A1 - Rasenko, Tatjana A1 - Durmaz, V. A1 - Weber, M. A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - Photochemical trans-/cis-isomerization and quantitation of zearalenone in edible oils N2 - The emphasis of the present work was to investigate the photochemical conversion of trans- to cis-zearalenone in edible oils under real-life conditions. For quantitation purposes a cis-zearalenone standard was synthesized and characterized for its identity and purity (≥95%) by 1H NMR, X-ray crystallography, HPLC fluorescence and mass spectrometric detection. In a sample survey of 12 edible oils (9 corn oils, 3 hempseed oils) from local supermarkets all corn oils contained trans-zearalenone (median 194 µg/kg), but no cis-zearalenone was detected. For alteration studies trans-zearalenone contaminated corn oils were exposed to sunlight over 4 and 30 weeks, revealing an obvious shift toward cis-zearalenone up to a cis/trans ratio of 9:1 by storage in colorless glass bottles. Irradiation experiments of trans-zearalenone in different organic solvents confirmed the preferred formation of cis-zearalenone possibly caused by entropic effects rather than by enthalpic entities as investigated by quantum chemical and classical force field simulations. KW - Fusarium mycotoxins KW - Food KW - Analysis KW - Occurrence PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/jf3037775 SN - 0021-8561 SN - 1520-5118 VL - 60 IS - 47 SP - 11733 EP - 11740 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Columbus, Ohio AN - OPUS4-27375 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Drzymala, Sarah A1 - Riedel, Juliane A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Garbe, L.-A. A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - Preparation of 13C-labelled cis-zearalenone and its application as internal standard in stable isotope dilution analysis N2 - Pure U-[13C18]-labelled cis-zearalenone (cis-ZEA) has been prepared and characterised as internal standard (ISTD) for a reliable quantification of cis-ZEA in contaminated food and feed products. The cis-isomer of the naturally trans-configurated Fusarium mycotoxin zearalenone is often neglected. However, isomerisation easily occurs by exposure of ZEA to (UV-)light. Thus, the applicability of the new cis-ZEA ISTD was demonstrated in a long-term isomerisation study comparing naturally trans-ZEA-contaminated edible oil with spiked edible oil. To estimate the benefits of the newly prepared cis-ZEA ISTD, various approaches to quantify cis-ZEA by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) were compared. As a result, a significant bias was revealed if no appropriate cis-ZEA standards are used. Furthermore, the new ISTD was applied to the analysis of 15 edible oils by stable isotope dilution analysis in combination with HPLC-electrospray ionisation-MS/MS. One of the maize germ oils showed the presence of cis-ZEA above LOD (>0.3 µg/kg), whereas two out of 15 maize germ oils were found to be contaminated with trans-ZEA (range 17.0-31.0 µg/kg). KW - ZEA KW - Zearalenone KW - Isomerisation KW - Occurrence KW - Edible oil KW - SIDA KW - HPLC-MS/MS KW - Quantification KW - LC-MS/MS PY - 2014 DO - https://doi.org/10.3920/WMJ2013.1610 SN - 1875-0710 SN - 1875-0796 VL - 7 IS - 1 SP - 45 EP - 52 PB - Wageningen Academic Publishers CY - Wageningen AN - OPUS4-30126 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Klein-Hartwig, Karin A1 - Riedel, Juliane A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - New mycotoxin reference materials: Crucial tools for quality assurance and food safety T2 - The World Mycotoxin Forum - 8th Conference CY - Vienna (Austria) DA - 2014-11-10 PY - 2014 AN - OPUS4-31977 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Sulyok, M. A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Krska, R. A1 - Schuhmacher, R. T1 - Entwicklung und Validierung einer Methode zur exakten Bestimmung von gesetzlich geregelten Mykotoxinen mittels Isotopenverdünnung-Massenspektrometrie - Erste Ergebnisse - KW - Mycotoxins KW - Measurement uncertainty KW - ID-HPLC-MS/MS KW - Foods KW - Validation PY - 2009 SN - 1811-7317 IS - 7 SP - 85 EP - 91 PB - Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Lebensmittel-, Veterinär- u. Agrarwesen (ALVA) CY - Wien AN - OPUS4-19575 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Bremser, Wolfram A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Siegel, David A1 - Töpfer, Antje A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Development of two certified reference materials for acrylamide determination in foods N2 - Certified reference materials (CRMs) are a versatile tool for quality assurance in the chemical laboratory. In the case of acrylamide analysis, the availability of appropriate materials was rather limited. This lack of acrylamide matrix CRMs has now been overcome by the development of two European reference materials (ERM) for the determination of acrylamide in food (crispbread, ERM-BD272, and rusk, ERM-BD274). This article describes the preparation of the materials, provides the results of the homogeneity and stability studies, and presents and discusses the outcome of the certification studies. Expert laboratories from different European countries took part in the certification studies using various analytical methods. The acrylamide mass fractions were certified to 980 µg kg-1 for crispbread and 74 µg kg-1 for rusk. KW - Certified reference materials KW - ERM KW - Acrylamide KW - Crispbread KW - Rusk KW - Quality assurance KW - Homogeneity KW - Stability PY - 2009 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/jf901329t SN - 0021-8561 SN - 1520-5118 VL - 57 IS - 18 SP - 8202 EP - 8207 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Columbus, Ohio AN - OPUS4-19888 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Nehls, Irene A1 - Sulyok, M. A1 - Schuhmacher, R. A1 - Krska, R. T1 - Multimykotoxin-Analytik - Giftstoffe verschiedener Schimmelpilzarten in Lebensmitteln PY - 2009 SN - 0016-3538 VL - 8 SP - 494 EP - 497 PB - GIT-Verlag CY - Darmstadt AN - OPUS4-19912 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Nehls, Irene A1 - Sulyok, M. A1 - Schuhmacher, R. A1 - Krska, R. T1 - Multimykotoxin-Analytik - Giftstoffe verschiedener Schimmelpilzarten in Lebensmitteln PY - 2009 SN - 1619-8662 SN - 0946-7726 VL - 9-10 SP - 34 EP - 37 PB - GIT-Verlag CY - Darmstadt AN - OPUS4-20139 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Siegel, David A1 - Witt, Angelika A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Determination of total sulfite in wine by ion chromatography after in-sample oxidation N2 - Sulfur dioxide (SO2) or sulfites are the most common preservatives used in winemaking. The level of total SO2 is subject to regulation. Currently, the regulatory determination of total SO2 (including sulfites) is done by the optimized Monier–Williams (OMW) method, which includes time-consuming distillation and titration steps. This paper describes the development and application of an alternative, rapid, straightforward, and reliable method for the determination of total sulfite in wine. In this method, a simple oxidation step using alkaline hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution is followed by ion chromatographic (IC) analysis of sulfate coupled with conductometric detection. Thirteen wines were analyzed in order to compare the in-sample oxidation method with the OMW-procedure. A t-test revealed satisfying compliance regarding sample preparation, i.e., alkaline H2O2 treatment and acidic distillation (OMW method). Comparable results were also obtained between IC analysis and acid/base titration. Our results indicate that the novel method (limit of quantification: 4 mg SO2 L-1) is well suited for the cost-efficient monitoring of regulatory limits. KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Wine analysis KW - Hydrogen peroxide oxidation KW - IC KW - Optimized Monier-Williams method PY - 2010 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/jf102086x SN - 0021-8561 SN - 1520-5118 VL - 58 IS - 17 SP - 9463 EP - 9467 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Columbus, Ohio AN - OPUS4-21912 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Klein-Hartwig, Karin A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Natürliche Umwelt- und Lebensmitteltoxine - Herstellung eines Referenzmaterials für die Mykotoxine T-2 und HT-2 - T2 - Tagung Umwelt 2010 CY - Dessau-Roßlau, Germany DA - 2010-09-07 PY - 2010 AN - OPUS4-21955 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - rac-(1R,2R,4S)-1,2-Dibromo-4-[(1R)-1,2-dibromoethyl]cyclohexane N2 - In the title compound, C8H12Br4, the cyclohexane ring exhibits a chair conformation. The C-Br distances range from 1.964 (6) to 1.985 (5) Å and the C-C distances range from 1.496 (6) to 1.543 (7) Å. Short intermolecular BrBr contacts [3.467 (4) Å] occur in the crystal. PY - 2010 DO - https://doi.org/10.1107/S160053681004763X SN - 1600-5368 VL - 66 IS - 12 SP - o3318,sup-1 - o3318,sup-7 PB - Munksgaard CY - Copenhagen AN - OPUS4-22616 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Rasenko, Tatjana T1 - Neues Analysenverfahren zur Ermittlung aktueller Acrylamidbelastungen in ausgewählten Lebensmitteln T2 - 40. Deutscher Lebensmittelchemikertag 2011 CY - Halle (Saale), Germany DA - 2011-09-12 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-23296 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Krüger, Rita A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Bremser, Wolfram A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - New certified reference materials for mycotoxin analysis in food T2 - Tag der Chemie (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin) CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2011-07-13 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-23863 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Klein-Hartwig, Karin A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - New CRM for T-2 and HT-2 toxin: a crucial tool for quality assurance and control in food analysis T2 - 5th International Symposium on Recent Advances in Food Analysis (RAFA 2011) CY - Prague, Czech Republic DA - 2011-11-01 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-24104 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Klein-Hartwig, Karin A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Qualitätssicherung in der Lebensmittelanalytik Referenzmaterial für T-2- und HT-2-Toxin T2 - 40. Deutscher Lebensmittelchemikertag 2011 CY - Halle (Saale), Germany DA - 2011-09-12 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-23322 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Gärtner, Sonja A1 - Balski, Matthias A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Aus der Kartonverpackung in die Babynahrung N2 - Lebensmittel in Recyclingkartons finden sich längst in allen Supermärkten. Doch die schützende Verpackung kann zu einer Quelle für Kontaminationen durch Phthalate werden. Analytik und Migration dieser hormonell wirksamen Weichmacher sind daher ein aktueller Forschungsschwerpunkt. KW - Analytische Chemie KW - Lebensmittelchemie KW - Umweltanalytik KW - Gaschromatographie KW - Massenspektrometrie PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/nadc.201178449 SN - 1439-9598 SN - 1521-3854 VL - 59 IS - 5 SP - 544 EP - 546 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-23639 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Sulyok, M. A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Krska, R. A1 - Schuhmacher, R. T1 - Entwicklung und Validierung einer Methode zur exakten Bestimmung von gesetzlich geregelten Mykotoxinen mittels Isotopenverdünnung-Massenspektrometrie - Erste Ergebnisse - T2 - 12. MOLD-Meeting CY - Linz, Austria DA - 2008-12-04 PY - 2008 AN - OPUS4-18542 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Labsch, Erika A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Witt, Angelika A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Feuchtebestimmung in Lebensmitteln durch coulometrische Karl-Fischer-Titration nach thermischer Wasserfreisetzung KW - KFT KW - Wassergehalt KW - Standardaddition PY - 2010 SN - 0012-0413 SN - 1869-2214 VL - 106 IS - Mai SP - 251 EP - 254 PB - Wiss. Verl.-Ges. CY - Stuttgart AN - OPUS4-21351 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Überwachung pflanzlicher Rohstoffe - Trichothecen-Analytik in Getreide und Getreideerzeugnissen PY - 2010 SN - 0012-0413 SN - 1869-2214 VL - 106 IS - DLR Spezial 2 SP - 66 EP - 72A PB - Wiss. Verl.-Ges. CY - Stuttgart AN - OPUS4-22206 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Klein-Hartwig, Karin A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Natürliche Umwelt- und Lebensmitteltoxine: Herstellung eines Referenzmaterials für die Mykotoxine T-2 und HT-2 PY - 2010 SN - 0934-3504 SN - 1865-5084 VL - 22 IS - 4 SP - 407 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg AN - OPUS4-22205 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Müller, M.E.H. A1 - Urban, K. A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Siegel, David A1 - Korn, U. A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - Mycotoxins as antagonistic or supporting agents in the interaction between phytopathogenic Fusarium and Alternaria fungi N2 - The role of mycotoxins in the microbial competition in an ecosystem or on the same host plant is still unclear. Therefore, a laboratory study was conducted to evaluate the influence of mycotoxins on growth and mycotoxin production of Fusarium and Alternaria fungi. Fusarium culmorum Fc13, Fusarium graminearum Fg23 and two Alternaria tenuissima isolates (At18 and At220) were incubated on wheat kernels supplemented with alternariol (AOH), tetramic acid derivates (TeA), deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA) in an in vitro test system. Fungal biomass was quantified by determining ergosterol content. Three Fusarium toxins (DON, nivalenol and ZEA) and three Alternaria toxins (AOH, alternariol methyl ether (AME) and altenuene) were analysed by HPLC-MS/MS. If Alternaria strains grew in wheat kernels spiked with Fusarium mycotoxins, their growth rates were moderately increased, their AOH and AME production was enhanced and they were simultaneously capable of degrading the Fusarium mycotoxins DON and ZEA. In contrast, both Fusarium strains behaved quite differently. The growth rate of Fc13 was not distinctly influenced, while Fg23 increased its growth in wheat kernels spiked with AOH. TeA depressed the ergosterol content in Fc13 as well as in Fg23. The DON production of Fc13 was slightly depressed, whereas the ZEA production was significantly increased. In contrast, Fg23 restricted its ZEA production. Both Fusarium strains were not capable of degrading the Alternaria mycotoxin AOH. Mycotoxins might play an important role in the interfungal competitive processes. They influence growth rates and mycotoxin production of the antagonistic combatants. The observed effects between phytopathogenic Alternaria and Fusarium strains and their mycotoxins aid the understanding of the complexity of microbial competitive behaviour in natural environments. KW - Phytopathogen KW - Trichothecenes KW - Alternaria mycotoxins KW - Multi-mycotoxin analysis KW - Inter-fungal competition PY - 2015 DO - https://doi.org/10.3920/WMJ2014.1747 SN - 1875-0710 SN - 1875-0796 VL - 8 IS - 3 SP - 311 EP - 321 PB - Wageningen Academic Publishers CY - Wageningen AN - OPUS4-32849 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Bornkessel, Sandra A1 - Brodehl, Antje A1 - Klein-Hartwig, Karin A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - Mono- und Diacetoxyscirpenol - Bestimmung in Getreide und Getreideerzeugnissen mittels SIVA - HPLC-MS/MS T2 - Anakon 2015 CY - Graz (Österreich) DA - 2015-03-23 PY - 2015 AN - OPUS4-32854 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Klein-Hartwig, Karin A1 - Riedel, Juliane A1 - Brodehl, Antje A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - Novel mycotoxin reference materials: crucail tools for quality assurence T2 - Anakon 2015 CY - Graz (Österreich) DA - 2015-03-23 PY - 2015 AN - OPUS4-32855 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Rasenko, Tatjana A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - Überblick über die Acrylamidgehalte von Kakao und Schokolade N2 - Die Prozesskontaminante Acrylamid steht im Verdacht krebserregend und erbgutverändernd zu sein, weshalb große Anstrengungen unternommen werden, um die Acrylamidgehalte in Lebensmitteln auf möglichst niedrige Werte zu reduzieren. Durch Anwendung des dynamischen Minimierungskonzepts konnte über die letzten Jahre in Deutschland eine deutliche Verringerung der mittleren täglichen Acrylamidaufnahme pro kg Körpergewicht erreicht werden, wobei die durch häusliche Zubereitung (Braten, Backen, Frittieren) entstehenden als auch die durch den Verzehr weiterer relevanter Lebensmittel wie Kakao und Kakaoerzeugnisse aufgenommenen Acrylamidmengen nicht oder nur marginal berücksichtigt werden. Für die Ermittlung der Acrylamidbelastungen in Schokoladen unterschiedlicher Kakaogehalte sowie in reinem Kakaopulver wurden insgesamt 140 Proben aus deutschen Einzelhandelsmärkten untersucht. Die quantitative Bestimmung erfolgte unter Verwendung eines schnellen, kostengünstigen und validierten HPLC-MS/MS-basierten Analysenverfahrens in Kombination mit der Stabilisotopenverdünnungsanalyse (SIVA). In allen untersuchten Proben konnte Acrylamid nachgewiesen werden, wobei Gehalte im Bereich von 9,0-1747 µg kg-1 mit relativen Standardabweichungen zwischen 0,4 % und 10,8 % ermittelt wurden. PY - 2015 SN - 0012-0413 SN - 1869-2214 VL - 111 SP - 261 EP - 267 PB - Wiss. Verl.-Ges. CY - Stuttgart AN - OPUS4-33451 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Köppen, Robert T1 - Advanced mass spectrometry for food safety and quality (Book review) N2 - Advanced Mass Spectrometry for Food Safety and Quality provides information on recent advancements made in mass spectrometry-based techniques and their applications in food safety and quality, also covering the major challenges associated with implementing these technologies for more effective identification of unknown compounds, food profiling, or candidate biomarker discovery. Recent advances in mass spectrometry technologies have uncovered tremendous opportunities for a range of food-related applications. However, the distinctive characteristics of food, such as the wide range of the different components and their extreme complexity present enormous challenges. This text brings together the most recent data on the topic, providing an important resource towards greater food safety and quality. • Presents critical applications for a sustainable, affordable and safe food supply • Covers emerging problems in food safety and quality with many specific examples. • Encompasses the characteristics, advantages, and limitations of mass spectrometry, and the current strategies in method development and validation • Provides the most recent data on the important topic of food safety and quality PY - 2015 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-015-9060-0 SN - 1618-2642 SN - 1618-2650 VL - 407 IS - 28 SP - 8383 EP - 8384 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-34818 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Andrae, K. A1 - Merkel, Stefan A1 - Durmaz, V. A1 - Fackeldey, K. A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Weber, M. A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - Investigation of the ergopeptide epimerization process N2 - Ergopeptides, like ergocornine and a-ergocryptine, exist in an S- and in an R-configuration. Kinetic experiments imply that certain configurations are preferred depending on the solvent. The experimental methods are explained in this article. Furthermore, computational methods are used to understand this configurational preference. Standard quantum chemical methods can predict the favored configurations by using minimum energy calculations on the potential energy landscape. However, the explicit role of the solvent is not revealed by this type of methods. In order to better understand its influence, classical mechanical molecular simulations are applied. It appears from our research that 'folding' the ergopeptide molecules into an intermediate state (between the S- and the R-configuration) is mechanically hindered for the preferred configurations. KW - Ergopeptide KW - Epimerization KW - Hybrid monte carlo KW - Molecular dynamics KW - Conformation KW - Quantum mechanics PY - 2014 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-324632 DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/computation2030102 SN - 2079-3197 VL - 2 IS - 3 SP - 102 EP - 111 PB - MDPI CY - Basel AN - OPUS4-32463 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Lörchner, Dominique A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Kroh, L. W. A1 - Köppen, Robert T1 - Photodegradation of the „novel“ brominated flame retardant tris-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)-s-triazine N2 - Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) comprise a class of structurally diverse compounds that are functionally related and used in materials to reduce the flammability of polymers. Due to their global distribution, potential persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity most of the BFRs of the first Generation are banned or restricted, and replaced by new ones. However, based on similar properties these new compounds may also pose a serious risk by causing adverse effects to human health and the environment. These alternative BFRs were grouped into two classes: „novel” and „emerging” BFRs. Emerging BFRs are defined as compounds that have been identified in any environmental compartments whereas novel BFRs are only detected in materials and/or goods above 0.1 wt.-%. The environmental fate of these alternative BFRs is partially unknown. Over the past years a multitude of studies on the photodegradation of BFRs in environmental matrices have been conducted to assess the photochemical behavior and fate in the environment. The photolytic debromination reaction is particularly induced among BFRs by UV exposure. The novel brominated triazine-based flame retardant tris-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)-s-triazine (TTBPTAZ) (Table 1) is a BFR that is mainly used in acrylonitrile butadiene styrene and high impact polystyrene. Ballesteros-Gómez et al. detected TTBP-TAZ in 8 of 13 plastic parts of consumer products and in 9 of 17 indoor dust samples but the photochemical behavior and fate is not known until now. The results of the present study, focused on photodegradation processes were performed for the first time for TTBP-TAZ to identify the photolysis intermediates and products to assess the environmental fate. T2 - DIOXIN CY - Florence, Italy DA - 29.08.2016 KW - Brominated flame retardants KW - TTBP-TAZ KW - Photodegradation PY - 2016 VL - 78 SP - 699 EP - 702 CY - Bayreuth AN - OPUS4-39037 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lörchner, Dominique A1 - Kraus, Werner A1 - Köppen, Robert T1 - Photodegradation of the novel brominated flame retardant 2,4,6-Tris-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine in solvent system: Kinetics, photolysis products and pathway. N2 - In this study the direct and indirect photolysis of the novel brominated flame retardant 2,4,6-Tris-(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine (TTBP-TAZ) in an organic solvent mixture (60:30:10, ACN:MeOH:THF) under UV-(C) and simulated sunlight irradiation was investigated, and the formed photo-transformation products were identified for the first time. TTBP-TAZ was almost completely degraded within 10 min under UV-(C) irradiation. Due to the fast degradation no specific kinetic order could be observed. In comparison, the reaction under simulated sunlight irradiation was much slower and thus, the kinetic first-order could be determined. The observed photolysis rate constant k as well as the half-life time t1/2 were estimated to be k = (0.0163 ± 0.0002) h-1 and t1/2 = 42.3 h, respectively. The addition of 2-propanol and hydrogen peroxide to investigate the influence of indirect photolysis under UV-(C) irradiation causes no influence on the degradation of TTBP-TAZ. Nevertheless, the removal of TTBP-TAZ under UV-(C) and simulated sunlight without additional chemicals (except solvent) indicates that the direct photolysis plays a significant role in the degradation mechanism of TTBP-TAZ. In both irradiation experiments, TTBP-TAZ was quantitatively degraded that involve the formation of previously unknown PTPs. Overall, two main PTPs were determined when irradiated with UV-(C) and eight sequential debromination products were observed when irradiated by simulated sunlight. These were determined by HPLC-DAD and - MS/(MS), respectively. Based on the chosen experimental conditions the consecutive debromination as well as photo-Fries rearrangement was confirmed as the main degradation pathway by high resolution mass spectrometry and X-ray diffraction. KW - XRD KW - Direct/indirect photolysis KW - HRMS KW - Photo-transformation products KW - TTBP-TAZ PY - 2019 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.184 SN - 0045-6535 SN - 1879-1298 VL - 229 SP - 77 EP - 85 PB - Elsevier Ltd. CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-48066 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Klein-Hartwig, Karin A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - Mono- and diecetoxyscirpenol - Determination in cereals and cereal-based foods T2 - 7th International Symposium on Recent Advances in Food and Feed (RAFA 2015) CY - Prague (Czech Republikc) DA - 2015-11-03 PY - 2015 AN - OPUS4-34743 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Klein-Hartwig, Karin A1 - Vogl, Jochen A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - T-2 and HT-2 toxins in oat flakes: A new certified reference material T2 - 14th International Symposium on Biological and Environmental Reference Materials (BERM 14) CY - National Harbor, Maryland (USA) DA - 2015-10-11 PY - 2015 AN - OPUS4-34671 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mönch, Bettina A1 - Kraus, Werner A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Emmerling, Franziska T1 - The different conformations and crystal structures of dihydroergocristine N2 - The identification of different forms of dihydroergocristine (DHEC) was carried out by crystallization from different organic solvents. DHEC was identified as potential template for molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for the epimeric specific analysis of ergot alkaloids (EAs) in food. DHEC was crystallized from different solvents in order to mimic the typical MIP synthesis conditions. Four new solvatomorphs of DHEC were obtained. All solvatomorphs contain a water molecule in the crystal structure, whereas three compounds contain an additional solvent molecule. Based on the conformation of DHEC a comparison with typical EA molecules was possible. The analysis showed that DHEC is a suitable template for MIPs for EAs. PY - 2016 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.10.008 SN - 0022-2860 SN - 1872-8014 SN - 0377-046X VL - 1105 SP - 389 EP - 395 PB - Elsevier B.V. CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-35009 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lörchner, Dominique A1 - Dittmann, Daniel A1 - Braun, Ulrike A1 - Kroh, L. W. A1 - Köppen, Robert T1 - Investigation of two triazine-based heterocyclic brominated flame retardants by coupled thermogravimetry-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy N2 - In this study, the thermal decomposition of 1,3,5-tris-(2,3-dibromopropyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-trione (TDBPTAZTO) and 2,4,6-tris-(2,4,6-tribromo-phenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine (TTBP-TAZ) were investigated for the first time by thermogravimetric analysis. Both compounds were thermal degraded between 225 and 350 °C (TDBP-TAZTO) as well as 300 and 400 °C (TTBP-TAZ). As a result, mass loss (%) of 98.5% for TTBP-TAZ and 95.4% for TDBP-TAZTO at 600 °C under N2 were observed. The major pyrolytic degradation products of TTBP-TAZ were formed in a single step and identified by FTIR analysis as 2,4,6-tribromophenol and further bromine-substituted aromatic compounds. In comparison, TDBP-TAZTO was pyrolytic degraded in two steps, whereby on the first step the release of hydrogen Bromide and 1,3,5-triallyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-trione could be detected. In the second minor step, isocyanic acid could be additionally identified. Subsequently, the obtained products of the TGA-FTIR measurements were used for a targeted search for mass fragments in mass spectrometry measurements. For TTBP-TAZ, only the degradation product 1,3,5-tribromobenzene could be detected by MS/MS analyzes. No comparable thermal degradation products, except hydrogen bromide, were observed in the MS/MS spectra of TDBP-TAZTO. Therefore, the search of further mass fragments was not possible compared to the findings of the TGA-FTIR measurements. KW - Pyrolysis KW - Thermal decomposition KW - TGA-FTIR KW - Mass spectrometry PY - 2019 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2019.104635 VL - 141 SP - 104635-1 EP - 104635-5 PB - Elsevier B.V. AN - OPUS4-48506 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Scharf, Holger A1 - Rasenko, Tatjana A1 - Lörchner, Dominique A1 - Keller, Julia A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - Cadmium und Acrylamid in Kakao - Entwicklung neuer zertifizierter Referenzmaterialien N2 - Kakao ist weltweit ein gerade bei Kindern sehr beliebtes Lebensmittel, das in ver-schiedensten Variationen konsumiert wird und welchem viele gesundheitsfördernde Eigenschaften zugesagt werden. Allerdings können mit dem Konsum von Kakao oder Kakaoprodukten auch negative Aspekte einhergehen, die u.a. auf Rückstände (Cadmium – Aufnahme durch Kakaobaumwurzeln) sowie auf Prozesskontaminanten (z. B. Acrylamid) zurückzuführen sind. Die Europäische Behörde für Lebensmittelsicherheit (EFSA) hat für Cadmium im Jahr 2009 einen toxikologischen Grenzwert (lebenslang duldbare wöchentliche Aufnahme¬menge) mit 2,5 µg/kg Körpergewicht festgelegt. Pflanzliche und tierische Lebens¬mittel stellen bei der nicht rauchenden Allgemeinbevölkerung hierbei den wichtigsten Aufnahmeweg für Cadmium dar. Mit der Verordnung (EU) Nr. 488/2014 werden für Cadmium in Schokolade sowie in Kakao Grenzwerte festgesetzt, die jedoch erst ab dem 1. Januar 2019 gelten. Im Fall von Kakaopulver, das direkt oder als Zutat in gesüßtem Kakaopulver an die Endverbraucher verkauft wird, soll ein Grenzwert von 0,60 mg Cadmium/kg gelten. Bei Acrylamid existieren weder Richt- noch Grenzwerte für Kakao und Schokolade noch wird diese Lebensmittelgruppe in dem seit dem Jahr 2007 durchgeführten EU Monitoring-Programm zur Überwachung der Acrylamidgehalte berücksichtigt. Im Juni 2015 veröffentlichte die EFSA ihre erste vollständige Risiko¬bewertung zu Acrylamid in Lebensmitteln, in der die Einschätzung, dass Acrylamid in Lebensmitteln das Krebsrisiko für Verbraucher aller Altersgruppen potenziell erhöht, bestätigt wurde. Basierend auf diesen Entwicklungen hat die Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und prüfung im Rahmen der Europäischen Referenzmaterialinitiative (ERM®) damit begon¬nen, drei für unterschiedliche Gehalte an Cadmium (0,2-0,8 mg/kg) und Acrylamid (50-150 µg/kg) zertifizierte Kakao-Referenzmaterialien (ERM®-BD513, BD514, -BD515) zu entwickeln. Die thematische Aktualität sowie die auf den ISO-Guidelines 30-35 basierende Herstellung und Zertifizierung verstärken die Bedeutung dieser Materialien als wichtige Instrumente der laborinternen Qualitätssicherung. Präsentiert werden der aktuelle Stand der Materialherstellung, Charakterisierung und Zertifizierung der drei ERM®-Materialien einschließlich der Homogenitäts- und Stabilitätsstudien. T2 - ANAKON 2017 CY - Tübingen, Germany DA - 03.04.2017 KW - Acrylamid KW - Cadmium KW - Kakao KW - Zertifizierte Referenzmaterialien PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-39664 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Braun, B. A1 - Wedler, C. A1 - Theil, F. T1 - Synthesis of M + 4 stable isotopomers of ergometrine and ergometrinine N2 - The priority ergot alkaloids ergometrine and ergometrinine are highly toxic mycotoxins naturally occurring in different types of grains (i.e. rye, wheat, rice), as well as grain-based foods and, therefore, have gained increasing importance for food safety over the last years. The application of HPLC-MS/MS for the analysis of ergot alkaloids in food presupposes the availability of isotopically labelled internal standards. Thus, a multistep synthesis was developed for ergometrine-(N-13CD3) and its epimer ergometrinine-(N-13CD3) with a mass shift of four units compared with the parent compounds. The synthesis is based on the preparation of stable isotope labelled lysergic acid that was coupled with (S)-alaninol. The chemical synthesis of both compounds has been achieved in six steps with an overall yield of 1 % (ergometrine-(N-13CD3)) and 0.6 % (ergometrinine-(N-13CD3)), respectively. Structural identification was performed by MS analysis as well as 1H and 13C NMR. KW - Ergometrine-(N-13CD3) KW - Ergometrinine-(N-13CD3) KW - Mycotoxin KW - Ergot alkaloids KW - Analytical standard KW - Stable isotope dilution analysis (SIDA) PY - 2017 SN - 1934-578X SN - 1555-9475 VL - 12 IS - 3 SP - 373 EP - 376 PB - NPC CY - Westerville, Ohio, USA AN - OPUS4-39874 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lörchner, Dominique A1 - Kroh, L.W. A1 - Köppen, Robert T1 - First insights into electrochemical transformations of two triazine-based brominated flame retardants in model systems N2 - In this work, a study of electrochemical conversion was performed to elucidate different degradation pathways of the heterocyclic brominated flame retardants 1,3,5-Tris-(2,3-dibromopropyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-trione (TDBP-TAZTO) and 2,4,6-Tris-(2,4,6-tribromo-phenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine (TTBP-TAZ). EC/MS was used to simulate the (bio)-transformation processes and to identify possible transformation products (TPs) which have never been reported before. For TDBP-TAZTO, six new TPs were observed after the electrochemical oxidation (applied potential of 0 to 1,800 mV vs. Pd/H2). In case of TTBP-TAZ, seven debromination products were generated with an applied potential of 0 to 2,200 mV vs. Pd/H2. The main degradation pathways confirmed by high resolution mass spectrometry for both compounds were hydroxylation, debromination as well as dehydrobromination. KW - Emerging/novel brominated flame retardant KW - Transformation products KW - Electrochemistry mass spectrometry PY - 2018 DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ay01968a SN - 1759-9660 SN - 1759-9679 VL - 10 IS - 43 SP - 5164 EP - 5170 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge AN - OPUS4-46488 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Kroh, L.W. A1 - Lörchner, Dominique T1 - 1,3,5-Tris-(2,3-dibromopropyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-trione: kinetic studies and phototransformation products N2 - 1,3,5-Tris-(2,3-dibromopropyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-trione (TDBP-TAZTO) is an emerging brominated flame retardant which is widely used in several plastic materials (electric and electronic equipment, musical instruments, automotive components). However, until today, no photochemical studies as well as the identification of possible phototransformation products (PTPs) were described in literature. Therefore, in this study, UV-(C) and simulated sunlight irradiation experiments were performed to investigate the photolytic degradation of TDBP-TAZTO and to identify relevant PTPs for the first time. The UV-(C) Irradiation experiments show that the photolysis reaction follows a first-order kinetic model. Based on this, the photolysis rate constant k as well as the half-life time t1/2 were calculated to be k = (41 ± 5 ×10−3) min−1 and t1/2=(17±2) min. In comparison, a minor degradation of TDBP-TAZTO and no formed phototransformation products were obtained under simulated sunlight. In order to clarify the photochemical behavior, different chemicals were added to investigate the influence on indirect photolysis: (i) H2O2 for generation of hydroxyl radicals and (ii) two quenchers (2-propanol, sodium azide) for scavenging oxygen species which were formed during the irradiation experiments. Herein, nine previously unknown PTPs of TDBP-TAZTO were detected under UV-(C) irradiation and identified by HPLC-(HR)MS. As a result, debromination, hydroxylation, and dehydrobromination reactions could be presumed as the main degradation pathways by high-resolution mass spectrometry. The direct as well as the OH radical-induced indirect photolysis were observed. KW - UV irradiation KW - HRMS KW - Debromination KW - Hydroxylation KW - Emerging brominated flame retardant PY - 2019 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04815-w SN - 0944-1344 VL - 26 IS - 16 SP - 15838 EP - 15846 PB - Springer AN - OPUS4-47857 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Recknagel, Sebastian A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Buttler, Sabine A1 - Penk, Sibylle A1 - Mauch, Tatjana A1 - Sommerfeld, Thomas A1 - Witt, Angelika T1 - Correction to: "Development of certified reference materials for the determination of cadmium and acrylamide in cocoa" N2 - The article "Development of certified reference materials for the determination of cadmium and acrylamide in cocoa" was originally published in the journal "Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry" Online First without Open Access. After publication in volume 412, issue 19, page 4659–4668, the authors decided to opt for Open Choice and to make the article an Open Access publication. Therefore, the copyright of the article has been changed to ©The Author(s) 2021 and the article is forthwith distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. PY - 2021 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-527908 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-021-03428-y SN - 1618-2642 SN - 1618-2650 SP - 1 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-52790 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Recknagel, Sebastian A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Buttler, Sabine A1 - Penk, Sibylle A1 - Mauch, Tatjana A1 - Sommerfeld, Thomas A1 - Witt, Angelika T1 - Development of certified reference materials for the determination of cadmium and acrylamide in cocoa N2 - Since 1 January 2019 a maximum content of 0.6 mg kg−1 cadmium (Cd) in cocoa powder sold to the final consumer or as an ingredient in sweetened cocoa powder sold to the final consumer (drinking chocolate) is set by the Commission Regulation (EU) No. 488/2014. Monitoring compliance with the specified limit value requires analytical measuring methods and reference materials for quality control. However, suitable certified reference materials intended for quality assurance and quality control purposes are still lacking. Therefore, three cocoa reference materials (ERM®-BD513, ERM®-514 and ERM®-515) were developed according to the requirements of ISO 17034 and the recommendations of ISO Guide 35. The whole process of reference material development, including material preparation, assessment of homogeneity and stability, characterisation and value assignment is presented. The assignment of the certified mass fractions was based upon an interlaboratory comparison study involving 19 expert laboratories for Cd and 12 laboratories for acrylamide. The certified mass fractions and expanded uncertainties (k = 2) of the reference materials were (0.181 ± 0.009) mg kg−1 Cd (ERM®-BD513), (0.541 ± 0.024) mg kg−1 Cd (ERM®-BD514) and (0.690 ± 0.029) mg kg−1 Cd (ERM®-BD515). Acrylamide contents are given for information. KW - Certified reference material KW - Quality assurance KW - Cocoa KW - Cadmium KW - Acrylamide KW - Food analysis PY - 2020 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-508656 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-020-02719-0 SN - 1618-2642 SN - 1618-2650 VL - 412 IS - 19 SP - 4659 EP - 4668 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-50865 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pritzkow, Wolfgang A1 - Vogl, Jochen A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Ostermann, Markus T1 - Determination of sulfur isotope abundance ratios for SI-traceable low sulfur concentration measurements in fossil fuels by ID-TIMS N2 - The present work describes the development of an existing TIMS procedure to a reference procedure for low sulfur concentration measurements in fossil fuels. With this enhanced procedure SI-traceable sulfur mass fractions below 10 mg kg-1 can be obtained. The achieved detection limit is approximately 0.2 mg kg-1. The procedure was validated by certified reference materials. The procedure was already applied to candidate reference materials and to samples analysed within projects of the “Comité Consultatif pour la Quantité de Matière – CCQM”. Additionally the influence of the isotopic composition on the results and its corresponding uncertainty was studied. Reference data published in the literature on the isotopic composition of sulfur were assessed. KW - TIMS KW - IDMS KW - Low sulfur KW - Fossil fuel KW - Reference procedure PY - 2005 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijms.2004.10.024 SN - 0168-1176 SN - 0020-7381 SN - 1387-3806 SN - 1873-2798 VL - 242 SP - 309 EP - 318 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-7222 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Linscheid, M. A1 - Vogl, Jochen A1 - Pritzkow, Wolfgang A1 - Becker, Dorit T1 - Schwefelgehaltbestimmung in Dieselfraktionen mit der TI-MS-IVA T2 - "Tag der Chemie", Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie CY - Potsdam, Germany DA - 2004-07-07 PY - 2004 AN - OPUS4-5475 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Jung, Christian A1 - Piechotta, Christian A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Investigation of extraction procedures and HPLC-DAD/MS for the determination of the brominated flame retardant tetrabromobisphenol A bis(2,3-dibromopropylether) in environmental samples N2 - A method for the determination of the novel brominated flame retardant tetrabromobisphenol A bis(2,3-dibromopropylether), 1,1'-(isopropylidene)bis[3,5-dibromo-4-(2,3-dibromo-propoxy)-benzene] (TBBPA-dbpe), was developed. Technical TBBPA-dbpe was purified and the results of a thorough physical characterisation are reported. The application of APCI-MS is discussed and the fragmentation patterns are described. Quantification of TBBPA-dbpe was done by HPLC-DAD using external calibration. The validation of the method was accomplished using sediment and sewage sludge samples spiked with defined amounts of authentic TBBPA-dbpe. The average recovery rates of TBBPA-dbpe from spiked samples ranged from 35 to 91% (sediment) and from 57 to 98% (sewage sludge) depending on the respective extraction method. Pressurised fluid extraction (PFE) and fluidised bed extraction were superior to classical Soxhlet and sonication procedures and yielded recovery rates between 90 and 98% with relative standard deviations of 2%. The limits of detection (DTC), identification (ID) and determination (DTM) using HPLC-DAD were 10, 21 and 30 ng g-1 in sediment and 22, 44 and 72 ng g-1 in sewage sludge, respectively. KW - Extraction KW - TBBPA-dbpe KW - Sewage sludge KW - Sediment KW - LC-MS KW - Mass spectrometry KW - APCI KW - HPLC-DAD PY - 2006 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-006-0339-z SN - 1618-2642 SN - 1618-2650 VL - 384 IS - 7-8 SP - 1485 EP - 1492 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-12255 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Becker, Roland T1 - Decabromodiphenylethane N2 - Decabromo­diphenyl­ethane [systematic name: 1,1'-ethane-1,2-diylbis(penta­bromo­benzene)], C14H4Br10 (DBDPE), was crystallized from toluene. The mol­ecule shows crystallographic inversion symmetry. The C—Br distances are in the range 1.873 (7)–1.891 (6) Å; inter­molecular BrBr contacts contribute to the formation of ribbons. KW - Single-crystal X-ray study KW - T = 273 K KW - R factor = 0.043 KW - wR factor = 0.121 KW - Data-to-parameter ratio = 20.4 PY - 2007 DO - https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536807000219 SN - 1600-5368 VL - 63 IS - 2 SP - o585 EP - o586 PB - Munksgaard CY - Copenhagen AN - OPUS4-14565 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Esslinger, Susanne A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Hexabromcyclododecan in heimischen Süßwasserfischen N2 - Hexabromcyclododecan senkt als Flammschutzmittel die Entflammbarkeit von Polymeren und verhindert damit Brände. Als persistente Verbindung reichert es sich in der belebten und in der unbelebten Umwelt an und steht daher im Fokus öffentlichen Interesses. PY - 2009 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/nadc.200967612 SN - 1439-9598 SN - 1521-3854 VL - 57 IS - 9 SP - 901 EP - 904 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-19911 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Jung, Christian A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Untersuchung der enantiomerenspezifischen Anreicherung von Hexabromocyclododecan T2 - Evaluierung der BAM (Zweiggelände Adlershof) durch den Wissenschaftsrat CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2006-01-17 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-11763 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Piechotta, Christian A1 - Iznaguen, Hassan A1 - Traub, Heike A1 - Feldmann, Ines A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Witt, Angelika A1 - Jung, Christian A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Oleszak, Katrin A1 - Bücker, Michael A1 - Urban, Klaus A1 - Reger, Christian A1 - Ostermann, Markus T1 - Bewitterungsszenarien im Vergleich – Veränderungen in der Oberflächenmorphologie von Polypropylen (PP) und Polystyrol (PS) unter dem Aspekt des Austrags von polybromierten Flammschutzmitteln N2 - Gegenstand der vorzustellenden Arbeiten ist die Prüfung der Umwelt-beständigkeit und -verträglichkeit von Materialien und Produkten hinsichtlich der Emission von potenziellen Schadstoffen in die Umwelt. Hierzu werden chemisch-physikalische Einflüsse (Bewitterung) und mikrobielle Beanspruchungen an Modellmaterialien evaluiert. So werden die Freisetzungsraten von Schadstoffen in Abhängigkeit der Beanspruchung beschrieben. Als Modellmaterialien kommen die Polymere Polystyrol (PS) und Polypropylen (PP) zum Einsatz. Synergistische Effekte der Bewitterungsparameter und der mikrobiologischen Beanspruchung sollen dabei ebenso betrachtet werden, wie die gezielte Alterung. Auch findet eine Beschreibung des Verhaltens der ausgetragenen Schadstoffe in den Umweltkompartimenten Boden oder Wasser statt. Hier sind mit Hilfe der zu entwickelnden Screening- und non-Target-Analyseverfahren die Transformation und der Metabolismus durch Mikroorganismen zu beschreiben. Aus den Ergebnissen sollen Korrelationen zwischen den künstlichen Alterungsverfahren und realen Szenarien abgeleitet werden. T2 - 47. Jahrestagung der GUS CY - Blankenloch-Stutensee, Germany DA - 21.03.2018 KW - Schadstoffaustrag KW - Umweltsimulation KW - Bewitterung PY - 2018 SN - 978-981-18507-2-7 VL - 47 SP - 115 EP - 128 AN - OPUS4-49802 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Jung, Christian A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Enantioselective Preparative HPLC Separation of the HBCD-Stereoisomers from the Technical Product and Their Absolute Structure Elucidation Using X-Ray Crystallography N2 - 1,2,5,6,9,10-Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is a widely used flame retardant, which tends to persist in the environment and accumulates in biota. The six stereoisomers (three racemates named α-, β-, and γ-HBCD) of the technical mixture were isolated with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Direct separations were performed on a chiral stationary phase containing permethylated -cyclodextrin (NUCLEODEX -PM column) and the pure enantiomers of α-, β-, and γ-HBCD were physically characterized for the first time. The absolute configurations of all six isomers were determined by anomalous dispersion using single crystal X-ray crystallography. Optical rotations αD in tetrahydrofuran were +4.2/-4.0 (α-HBCD), +26.1/-27.5 (β-HBCD), and +68.0/-66.3 (γ-HBCD). The sense of rotation could be correlated with the absolute configurations of α-, β-, and γ-HBCD enantiomers and their order of elution on a chiral permethylated β-cyclodextrin-bonded stationary phase. The diastereomers α-, β-, and γ-HBCD displayed distinctly different melting points as well as 1H-, 13C NMR, and IR spectra. KW - Brominated flame retardant KW - Chiral separation KW - Anomalous dispersion KW - Crystal structures KW - Optical rotation KW - Absolute configuration PY - 2007 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/chir.20366 SN - 0899-0042 SN - 1520-636X VL - 19 IS - 3 SP - 214 EP - 222 PB - Wiley-Liss CY - New York, NY AN - OPUS4-14718 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Riddell, N. A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Chittim, B. A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Lough, A. A1 - McAlees, A. A1 - McCrindle, R. T1 - Preparation and X-ray structural characterization of further stereoisomers of 1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane N2 - Technical 1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) consists largely of three diastereomers (α-, β-, and γ-HBCD) produced by the trans addition of bromine to cis,trans,trans-cyclododeca-1,5,9-triene (CDT). However, another seven diastereomers are theoretically possible and may be produced by trans addition of bromine across the double bonds of the other three isomers of 1,5,9-CDT. There are indications that small amounts of the minor HBCD isomers may be present in commercial HBCD mixtures or in products containing this brominated flame retardant (BFR). Such minor components may indeed derive from traces of other 1,5,9-CDTs in the cis, trans, trans starting material, however their formation may also be possible through isomerizations during the processing of this BFR or by bioisomerization subsequent to its release into the environment. Two of the seven additional diastereomers (δ- and ε-HBCD) were synthesized previously from trans,trans,trans-CDT. We now report the preparation of the remaining five diastereomers, ζ-, η-, and θ-HBCD from cis,cis,trans-CDT and ι- and κ-HBCD from cis,cis,cis-CDT, and their characterization by 1H NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. The availability of these further diastereomers of HBCD should aid in determining if the minor isomers are present in commercial samples of this BFR, in products containing HBCDs, or in environmental samples. We have also carried out an X-ray crystal structure determination on ε-HBCD, so that crystal structures are now available for all 10 HBCD diastereomers. KW - Brominated flame retardants KW - HBCDs KW - Minor isomers KW - X-ray PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.06.014 SN - 0045-6535 SN - 0366-7111 VL - 84 IS - 7 SP - 900 EP - 907 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Kidlington, Oxford AN - OPUS4-24298 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Jung, Christian A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - HBCD enantiomers: absolute configurations and thermal rearrangement T2 - Organohalogen Compounds PY - 2006 UR - http://www.dioxin20xx.org/pdfs/2006/06-466.pdf VL - 68 SP - 1991 EP - 1994 PB - Norwegian Institute of Public Health AN - OPUS4-14540 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Enantiomerenspezifischer Nachweis von HBCD in Biotaproben mittels LC-MS/MS T2 - Vortrag auf Einladung von Herrn Prof. Dr. Rudolf Krska im interuniversitärem Institut für Agrarbiotechnologie (IFA) CY - Tulln an der Donau, Austria DA - 2008-04-16 PY - 2008 AN - OPUS4-17490 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, M. A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Durmaz, V. T1 - Classical hybrid Monte-Carlo simulations of the interconversion of hexabromocyclododecane N2 - In this paper, we investigate the interconversion processes of the major flame retardant - 1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) - by the means of statistical thermodynamics based on classical force-fields. Three ideas will be presented. First, the application of classical hybrid Monte-Carlo simulations for quantum mechanical processes will be justified. Second, the problem of insufficient convergence properties of hybrid Monte-Carlo methods for the generation of low temperature canonical ensembles will be solved by an interpolation approach. Furthermore, it will be shown how free energy differences can be used for a rate matrix computation. The results of our numerical simulations will be compared to experimental results. KW - Markov process KW - Molecular dynamics KW - Rate matrix PY - 2007 SN - 1438-0064 VL - 07-31 SP - 1 EP - 18 PB - ZIB CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-17841 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, M. A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Durmaz, V. A1 - Köppen, Robert T1 - Classical hybrid Monte-Carlo simulation of the interconversion of hexabromocyclododecane stereoisomers KW - HBCD KW - Isomerisation KW - Statistical thermodynamics KW - Kinetics PY - 2008 DO - https://doi.org/10.1080/08927020802208968 SN - 0892-7022 SN - 1029-0435 VL - 34 IS - 6-7 SP - 727 EP - 736 PB - Gordon and Breach CY - New York, NY AN - OPUS4-18261 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Jung, Christian A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - HBCD enantiomers: absolute configurations and thermal rearrangement T2 - 26th International Symposium on Halogenated Persistentorganic Pollotants Dioxin 2006 CY - Oslo, Norway DA - 2006-08-21 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-12493 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Kohl, Anka A1 - Becker, Roland T1 - Delta-Hexabromocyclododecane N2 - (1R,2S,5R,6S,9S,10R)-Hexabromocyclododecane (C12H18Br6, d-HBCD) was crystallized from acetonitrile. The C—Br distances range from 1.962 (8) to 1.982 (8) Å and intermolecular Br...Br contacts contribute to the formation of layers. PY - 2007 DO - https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536807026396 SN - 1600-5368 VL - 63 IS - 7 SP - o3105 PB - Munksgaard CY - Copenhagen AN - OPUS4-15048 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Jung, Christian A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Thermal rearrangement of HBCD enantiomers T2 - Conference: Brominated flame retardants 2007 CY - Amsterdam, Netherlands DA - 2007-04-24 PY - 2007 AN - OPUS4-14699 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Bremser, Wolfram A1 - Stephan, Ina A1 - Klein-Hartwig, Karin A1 - Rasenko, Tatjana A1 - Koch, Matthias T1 - T-2 and HT-2 toxins in oat flakes: development of a certified reference material N2 - Trichothecene mycotoxins, with T-2 and HT-2 toxins being the main representatives of the type A subgroup, are naturally and worldwide occurring contaminants frequently found in grain-based food and feed. Due to the high consumption of these products and the potential health risk associated herewith, concerns about the safety and quality of food and feed have increased over the last decades at both governmental and consumer levels. Since it is not possible to avoid their occurrence, tremendous efforts have been performed to identify and monitor mycotoxins in food and feed to make their consumption safe. However, suitable certified reference materials (CRMs) intended for quality assurance and quality control purposes are still lacking for many mycotoxin-matrix combinations. Therefore, in the framework of a European Reference Material (ERM®) project, the first CRM for T-2 and HT-2 toxin in ground oat flakes (ERM®-BC720) was developed according to the requirements of ISO Guide 35. The whole process of ERM®-BC720 development, including sample preparation, homogeneity and stability studies and value assignment, is presented. The assignment of the certified mass fractions was based upon an in-house study using high-performance liquid chromatography isotope-dilution tandem mass spectrometry. Simultaneously, an interlaboratory comparison study involving 24 expert laboratories was conducted in order to support the in-house certification study. The certified values and their corresponding expanded uncertainties (k=2) for both T-2 and HT-2 toxin in ERM®-BC720, traceable to the international system of units, are (82±4) µg kg-1 and (81±4) µg kg-1, respectively. KW - Type A trichothecenes KW - Fusarium toxins KW - Isotope-dilution mass spectrometry KW - Food analysis KW - European Reference Material KW - Quality assurance PY - 2015 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-014-8251-4 SN - 1618-2642 SN - 1618-2650 VL - 407 IS - 11 SP - 2997 EP - 3007 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-33073 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Esslinger, Susanne A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Enantiomer-specific analysis of hexabromocyclododecane in fish from Etnefjorden (Norway) N2 - High-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) was applied to sterospecifically quantify the content of α-, β-, and γ-hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in six fish species from the Norwegian Etnefjorden. A combination of a β-PM cyclodextrin and an achiral column enabled the paired chromatographic separation of the stereoisomers in the order (-)-α-, (+)-α-, (-)-β-, (+)-β-, (+)-γ- and, (-)-γ-HBCD. The limits of detection were in the range of 6–21 pg g-1 depending on the stereoisomer and the concentrations of α-, β-, and γ-HBCD in fillets ranged from <5.4 ng g-1 to 11.1 µg g-1 lipid weight. α-HBCD enantiomers were throughout dominating, and in most cases the accumulation of the respective first eluted enantiomers ((-)-α-, (-)-β- and (+)-γ-HBCD) was observed. Deviations from the racemic EF-value were considered to be significant if it was outside of the expanded uncertainty range for each of the racemic HBCD-ratios. The composition of HBCD isomers varied between the investigated fish species and the relative high values for the γ-HBCD concentrations for the bottom-dwellers flounder and thorny skate seems to echo the HBCD pattern of ocean sediments. KW - Flame retardant KW - Diastereomers KW - Chiral separation KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Enantiomeric fraction PY - 2010 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.06.019 SN - 0045-6535 SN - 0366-7111 VL - 80 IS - 10 SP - 1241 EP - 1245 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Kidlington, Oxford AN - OPUS4-22377 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Esslinger, Susanne A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - Enantiomerenspezifischer Vergleich von HBCD-Gehalten maritimer Lebewesen zweier norwegischer Fjorde PY - 2010 SN - 0934-3504 SN - 1865-5084 VL - 22 IS - 4 SP - 441 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg AN - OPUS4-22906 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Weber, M. A1 - Durmaz, V. A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - HBCD stereoisomers: Thermal interconversion and enantiospecific trace analysis in biota T2 - DIOXIN 2008, 28th International Symposium on Halogenated Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) CY - Birmingham, UK DA - 2008-08-17 KW - HBCD KW - Stereoisomerie KW - Persistent Organic Pollutant KW - HPLC-MS PY - 2008 UR - http://www.dioxin20xx.org/pdfs/2008/08-819.pdf IS - Paper #154 SP - 1 EP - 4 AN - OPUS4-17842 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Jung, Christian A1 - Nehls, Irene T1 - On the thermally induced isomerisation of hexabromocyclododecane stereoisomers N2 - The interconversion of the stereoisomers contained in technical 1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane, a major brominated flame retardant increasingly found in the environment and in biota, was investigated at elevated temperatures. The application of pure enantiomers of the three constituents α-, β-, and γ-HBCD enabled the unambiguous elucidation of the individual isomerisation reactions as well as the quantification of all respective rate constants. At 160 °C the rate constants range over two orders of magnitude from 1.50 × 10-3 to 1.88 × 10-5 mol(%) s-1. A preliminary mechanistic explanation for the differences of the rate constants which govern the composition of HBCD diastereomers at equilibrium is given. KW - Flame retardant KW - Diastereomers KW - Enantiomers KW - Rearrangement KW - Kinetics KW - HBCD PY - 2008 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.11.009 SN - 0045-6535 SN - 0366-7111 VL - 71 IS - 4 SP - 656 EP - 662 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Kidlington, Oxford AN - OPUS4-17753 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Jung, Christian A1 - Nehls, Irene A1 - Panne, Ulrich T1 - Photolytischer Abbau von Decabromdiphenylethan T2 - GDCh-Tagung ANAKON 2007 CY - Jena, Germany DA - 2007-03-27 PY - 2007 AN - OPUS4-14606 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Sulyok, M. A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Schuhmacher, R. A1 - Nehls, Irene A1 - Panne, Ulrich A1 - Krska, R. T1 - Multitoxinanalytik: Exakte Bestimmung von Mykotoxinen in Lebensmitteln mittels ID-LC-MS/MS T2 - ANAKON 2009 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2009-03-17 PY - 2009 AN - OPUS4-19018 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Klein-Hartwig, Karin A1 - Nehls, Irene A1 - Panne, Ulrich T1 - Natürliche Umwelt- und Lebensmitteltoxine: Entwicklung eines Referenzmateirals für die Mykotoxine T-2 und HT-2 T2 - ANAKON 2011 CY - Zurich, Switzerland DA - 2011-03-22 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-22245 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Köppen, Robert A1 - Rasenko, Tatjana A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Panne, Ulrich T1 - Aktuelle Acrylamid-Belastungen in Kakao und Schokolade T2 - ANAKON 2013 CY - Essen, Germany DA - 2013-03-04 PY - 2013 AN - OPUS4-26896 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -