TY - CONF A1 - Vogl, Jochen T1 - Isotope ratio working group at CCQM N2 - The presentation gives the reasons for initiation of an isotope ratio working group at CCQM level, describes the process and provides the auduince with the initial working plan. T2 - EURAMET TC-MC Workshop on Isotope Ratio Analysis CY - Bern, Switzerland DA - 05.02.2020 KW - Metrology KW - Absolute isotope ratio KW - Isotope ratio KW - Delta value PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-50344 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Vogl, Jochen T1 - CCQM IRWG draft strategy for all elements except for noble gases and H, C, N, O N2 - The presentation describes the draft strategy for metalloids and semi-metals within the IRWG at CCQM. This includes the definition of the measurements space, a suitable set of key comparisons and pilot studies and a proposal for a harmonized CMC application. T2 - EURAMET TC-MC Workshop on Isotope Ratio Analysis CY - Bern, Switzerland DA - 05.02.2020 KW - CMC KW - Measurement space KW - Metrology KW - Isotope ratio PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-50345 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Vogl, Jochen T1 - Absolute isotope ratios - a proposed research topic N2 - An introduction into absolute isotope ratios is given, with application fields ranging from fundamental science to geochronology and forensics. This is followed by a proposal for developing new calibration approaches for obtaining absolute isotope ratios at unrivaled uncertainty levels. This new developments will set the basis for improvements in all scientific fields. T2 - EURAMET TC-MC Workshop on Isotope Ratio Analysis CY - Bern, Switzerland DA - 05.02.2020 KW - Absolute isotope ratio KW - Isotope fractionation KW - Metrology KW - Fundamental science PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-50346 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Andrzejuk, W. A1 - Bau, A. A1 - Charoud-Got, J. A1 - de Vos, P. A1 - Emteborg, H. A1 - Lamberty, A. A1 - Linsinger, T. A1 - Oostra, A. A1 - Quetel, C. A1 - Roebben, G. A1 - Tresl, I. A1 - Hearn, R. A1 - Wood, S. A1 - Pritzkow, W. A1 - Vogl, Jochen T1 - Certification of the sulfur mass fraction in three commercial petrol materials - Certified reference materials ERM-EF211, ERM-EF212 and ERM-EF213 N2 - Three petrol reference materials were certified for their total sulfur content in support of Directive 2003/17/EC of the European Parliament and of the European Council, which stipulates that petrol with a maximum S content of 10 mg/kg must be available in all member states by 2009. Commercially available petrol was obtained and filled into borosilicate ampoules without further treatment. Homogeneity of the materials was tested and no heterogeneity was detected for two of the materials, whereas minor heterogeneity was observed for the third material. Stability of the materials was tested for 8-12 months at 60 °C and no degradation was observed. Characterisation was based on isotope-dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS) applied as primary method of measurement by three European metrology institutes and certified values were assigned using all results. The certified uncertainties include contributions of (potential) heterogeneity, potential degradation as well as characterisation. The final assigned values are: ERM-EF211: 48.8 ± 1.7 mg/kg ERM-EF212: 20.2 ± 1.1 mg/kg ERM-EF213: 9.1 ± 0.8 mg/kg The materials are available from IRMM (ERM-EF211), LGC (ERM-EF212) and BAM (ERMEF213) KW - Sulfur KW - Petrol KW - IDMS PY - 2007 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-355804 SN - 978-92-79-05370-2 SN - 1018-5593 SP - 1 EP - 37 PB - European Communities CY - Luxembourg AN - OPUS4-35580 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Vogl, Jochen A1 - Becker, Dorit A1 - Koenig, Maren A1 - Rosner, M. T1 - Certification report for the reference materials ERM-AE102a, -AE104a, -AE120, -AE121 and -AE122 N2 - Isotope reference materials are essential to enable reliable and comparable isotope data. Besides the correction of mass fractionation or mass discrimination isotope reference materials are indispensible for validation and quality control of analytical procedures. This article describes the production and certification of a set of five isotope reference materials ERM-AE102a, 104a, AE120, 121 and 122, for boron isotope analysis. The isotopic composition of all materials has been adjusted by mixing boron mother solutions enriched in 10B or 11B with a boron mother solution having natural-like isotopic composition under full gravimetric control. All mother solutions have been analysed for their boron mass fraction as well as their boron isotopic composition by TIMS using IDMS as calibration technique. For all five reference materials the isotopic composition obtained on the basis of the gravimetric data agrees very well with the isotopic composition obtained from different TIMS techniques. Performed stability and homogeneity studies show no significant influence on the isotopic composition as well as on the related uncertainties. The certified isotope abundances for 10B are 0.29995 (27) for ERM-AE102a and 0.31488 (28) for ERM-AE104a. The certified δ11B values are -20.2 (6) ‰ for ERM-AE120, 19.9(6) ‰ for ERM-AE121 and 39.7 (6) ‰ for ERM-AE122. Together with the formerly certified ERM-AE101 and -AE103 a unique set of seven certified reference materials (CRM) for boron isotope analysis is now available from BAM. KW - Boron KW - Delta value KW - Isotope ratio KW - ICPMS KW - TIMS PY - 2010 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-355813 SP - 1 EP - 24 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-35581 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Vogl, Jochen A1 - Becker, Dorit A1 - Koenig, Maren T1 - Certification report for the reference materials ERM-AE123 and ERM-AE124 - Certified for their boron isotope composition N2 - Isotope reference materials are essential to enable reliable and comparable isotope data. Besides the correction of mass fractionation or mass discrimination, isotope reference materials are indispensible for validation and quality control of analytical procedures. This report describes the production and certification of two isotope reference materials, ERM-AE123 and ERM-AE124, for boron isotope analysis. The isotopic composition of ERM-AE123 is the unaltered natural-like isotopic composition of the base material. The isotopic composition of ERM-AE124 has been adjusted by mixing two boron stock solutions enriched in 10B and 11B respectively under full gravimetric control. All stock solutions have been prepared fully under gravimetrical control. The corresponding boron isotopic composition has been analysed by TIMS. For both reference materials the isotopic composition obtained on the basis of the gravimetric data agrees very well with the isotopic composition obtained by TIMS. The certified isotope abundances for 10B are 0.19832 (21) for ERM-AE123 and 0.96006 (6) for ERM-AE124. Together with the formerly certified ERM-AE101, -AE102a, -AE103, -AE104a, -AE120, -AE121 and AE122, a unique set of nine certified reference materials (CRM) for boron isotope analysis is now available from BAM covering a range for the 10B isotope amount fraction from 0.2 to 0.96 and for the δ11B value from -20 ‰ to +40 ‰. KW - boron KW - isotope ratio KW - enriched isotope KW - ICPMS KW - TIMs PY - 2013 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-355826 SP - 1 EP - 17 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-35582 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Vogl, Jochen A1 - Becker, Dorit A1 - Koenig, Maren A1 - Rienitz, O. A1 - Noordmann, J. T1 - Certification report for the reference materials ERM-AE140 and ERM-AE141 - Pd and Pt single spikes certified for their Pd and Pt mass fraction and isotopic composition N2 - Isotope dilution mass spectrometry often is applied for the quantification of platinum group elements in environmental and geological samples. In most cases, however, certified spike solutions offering complete uncertainty statements and SI-traceability are missing. This report describes the production and certification of two isotope reference materials, ERM-AE140 and ERM-AE141, serving as calibrated spike solutions for IDMS based quantification of Pd and Pt, respectively. Both materials were produced by dissolving highly enriched isotopes 106Pd and 194Pt and determining the mass fraction of 106Pd and 194Pt in the final solution by reverse IDMS. Two independent back-spikes were produced for each material from high purity Pd and Pt. Characterization measurements were carried out by MC-ICPMS. For ERM-AE140 the certified mass fractions are w(106Pd) = 20.24(5) mg/kg and w(Pd) = 20.54(5) mg/kg. For ERM-AE141 the certified mass fractions are w(194Pt) = 18.18(11) mg/kg and w(Pt) = 19.90(12) mg/kg. These values are traceable to the International System of Units (SI) in the shortest possible way. KW - Palladium KW - Enriched isotope KW - Platinum KW - Spike KW - IDMS PY - 2015 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-355833 SP - 1 EP - 25 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-35583 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Vogl, Jochen T1 - Real-world examples of how to calculate a KCRV N2 - In this presentation the different ways are presented, which are used to calculate in practice the key comparison reference value. T2 - EURAMET TC Metrology in Chemistry Meeting CY - Geel, Belgium DA - 03.02.2016 KW - key comparison KW - CCQM KW - Degree of equivalence PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-35573 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Vogl, Jochen A1 - Klingbeil, P. A1 - Pritzkow, W. A1 - Riebe, Gundel A1 - Wermann, G. A1 - Turner, P. A1 - Wortel, N. A1 - Woittiez, J. T1 - HIIRM final report N2 - Accurate analytical results have become more and more an absolute essential tool for further progresses in technology and science. Precision however, often used in this context as a quality criterion for analytical methods, is not a replacement for accuracy in any way. Therefore, analytical procedures are necessary, which will generate reliable and accurate results and can be used for evaluation of other analytical procedures and certification of reference materials (RM). Especially the certification of reference materials for the amount content of trace elements requires highly accurate results with a small combined uncertainty. The best example for an analytical procedure having this capability is undoubtedly Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry, for inorganic as well as for organic applications. Applied on Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (TIMS) isotope dilution provides results of highest quality and proven high accuracy especially in the field of RM certifications for more than 30 years. The major drawback of this approach often is the necessity for a complex chemical separation step. A major advantage of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) is the potential to cope with a simplified or an on-line-carried-out sample preparation. A key requirement of isotope dilution analysis however is the accurate and precise determination of isotope ratios, because of its limiting factor for the accuracy and the total uncertainty of the result. Very precise isotope ratios can be determined in combination with a detection system that is capable of simultaneous detection of different isotopes, a so-called multi-collector system. The objective of the presented project is to evaluate the advantages of such a multi-collector ICP-MS for the application of IDMS in the field of trace elemental analysis in reference materials. The focus is on the development of simple and fast procedures for isotope ratio measurements in general and IDMS analysis in particular. Furthermore, it is an objective to develop and evaluate on-line spiking procedures. One of the first conclusions, which had a severe impact on the HIIRM project, arose during the early days of the project. Currently most certification experiments are accomplished by certification campaign based on a variety of participants’ results. The sample preparation, sending, analyzing and data evaluation however require lot of resources and the process may take a long time. An alternative way is given by using fewer participants with methods of higher metrological quality. For elemental amount contents such a method undoubtedly is isotope dilution analysis and multi-collector ICP-MS offers the necessary precision and matrix robustness and ruggedness as said above. Therefore, a multiple collector ICP-MS was manufactured as part of the project instead of the originally planned high-resolution instrument. Due to the novelty of the multicollector ICP-MS instrument, a lot of additional fundamental research became necessary. Especially interferences needed further attention. Fortunately, the IsoProbe is additionally equipped with a high-resolution option and with a brand new collison cell. The high-resolution option however can only be used to identify interferences but cannot be used to quantify them. On the other hand, the use of the collision cell proved to be a vital tool to overcome interferences. This is especially true because high resolution would have reduced the available sensitivity by a factor of ~100. Applying the collision cell technology the high sensitivity was maintained whilst most interferences were eliminated. However finding the right parameters of operation for the collision cell became a huge part of the method development process. A variety of gases like argon, helium, hydrogen, deuterium, nitrogen, krypton and xenon were tested for their suitability. Especially the tests accomplished for iron determinations revealed that carefully selected parameters have an incredible influence on the quality of the final results. Nonetheless collision cell technology will undoubtedly be widely used for newer ICP-MS instrumentation and contribute to eliminate wrong analytical values caused by interferences. The enhanced sensitivity of the instrument revealed also problems not detectable by other means. The control of contaminations seems to be one of the major analytical challenges in the future. Sector field based ICP-MS will give the user an opportunity to trace sources of contamination back to their origin and eliminate them. Even lower limits of detection will be the result as well as an enhanced reliability for analysts dealing with higher amount contents. The analyst will also benefit in controlling blank levels when the method of isotopically spiked procedure blanks is used as demonstrated in this project. Another main part of the project was the validation of the developed procedures. The first validation step was successfully accomplished by applying these procedures on the standard solutions provided by NRG. The main part of this validation however consisted of the evaluation of the fundamental parameters of the isotope dilution process and related measurements. This approach turned out to be superior compaired to the first step as a highly reliable uncertainty calculation can be easily performed. The best reputation and acceptance of the methods can however only be accomplished by participating in certification campaigns or in interlaboratory comparisons on highest metrological level. The results of the participations in general were brilliant. Not only the results but also the obtained realistic uncertainties were of superior quality. Direct comparisons at BAM with the results obtained by a multicollector TIMS applying the same calculation schemes showed the benefits of using multicollector ICP-MS. The main benefits of ICP-MS were identified, of which the first one is the enhanced precision of the isotope ratio measurement. For a variety of elements the values obtained by multicollector ICP-MS are even more precise than the ones obtainable by multicollector TIMS. The second important advantage identified was the simplified sample preparation. The laborious and time consuming analyte-matrix-separation step as necessary for TIMS measurements can either be omitted or at least be drastically reduced. Therefore, the advantages regarding time and enhanced sample throughput will result in further spread of ICP-MS in general and multicollector ICP-MS in particular. The third major part in terms of the method development process was mainly focused on developing an online isotope dilution system. The volumetric instead of the gravimetric IDMS approach proved difficult, if the high demands necessary for RM definition measurements are to be fulfilled. The major obstacle in this case is the missing stability and precision in terms of mass flow. Consequently, the initial development failed as the system made up of two piezoelectric droplet injectors was unable to reach the required stability as well as precision. The thereupon-created system consisting of two HPLC pumps proved to be far more valuable regarding automation and particularly the quantification of transient signals. Nevertheless, such a system will probably be rarely used in certification campaigns, as the gain of time is too small compared to the loss of reliability. However, this system proved most valuable in terms of species-specific elemental analysis as preliminary investigations showed. In this context this system will be suitable for certification measurements, as the major uncertainty contributions derive from sampling, sample treatment and species distribution and as moreover all availabel methods demonstrate far beyond. During the whole project, one of the main concerns regarding the multicollector ICP-MS instrument were software issues caused by the early development state of the original control programs. A lot of effort was necessary to accomplish the necessary data manipulations externally. The development of a new software suite by Micromass for the HIIRM project has solved this issue almost completely. With the new software suite and the validated parameters of measurement a step forward for institutes dealing with reference material certifications was achieved. Future certifications campaigns for minor elemental contents in different matrices should be performed by a small number of participants from highly qualified institutes. These institutes should apply very reliable methods of measurement like the ones developed in the HIIRM project. Many resources may be saved that way while the outcome of the certifications may easily be improved. ICP-MC-MS has the potential to be an important method in this context. Stable isotope dilution analysis in combination with a multi-detector ICP-MS, equipped with a hexapole collision cell for the suppression of important spectral interferences and for enhanced sensitivity, proved to be an advanced method of elemental analysis with a high potential for matrix independent measurements. Since ICP mass spectrometers of this type have only recently been introduced, no systematic evaluation of the capabilities of this specific application of the ICP-IDMS method has yet been made. KW - interferences KW - collision cell KW - ICPMS KW - IDMS PY - 2002 SP - 1 EP - 166 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-35579 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brand, W.A. A1 - Coplen, T.B. A1 - Vogl, Jochen A1 - Rosner, M. A1 - Prohaska, T. T1 - Assessment of international reference materials for isotope-ratio analysis (IUPAC Technical report) KW - Delta notation KW - Delta values KW - Geochemistry KW - Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) mass spectrometry KW - Isotopes KW - IUPAC Inorganic chemistry division KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Reference materials PY - 2014 DO - https://doi.org/10.1515/PAC-2013-1023 SN - 0033-4545 SN - 1365-3075 VL - 86 IS - 3 SP - 425 EP - 467 PB - Union CY - Research Triangle Park, NC AN - OPUS4-30322 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hioki, A. A1 - Nonose, N. A1 - Liandi, M. A1 - Jingbo, C. A1 - Liuxing, F. A1 - Chao, W. A1 - Cho, K.H. A1 - Suh, J.K. A1 - Min, H.S. A1 - Lim, Y. A1 - Recknagel, Sebastian A1 - Koenig, Maren A1 - Vogl, Jochen A1 - De Sena, R.C. A1 - Dos Reis, L.A. A1 - Borinsky, M. A1 - Puelles, M. A1 - Hatamleh, N. A1 - Acosta, O. A1 - Turk, G. A1 - Rabb, S. A1 - Sturgeon, R. A1 - Methven, B. A1 - Rienitz, O. A1 - Jaehrling, R. A1 - Konopelko, L.A. A1 - Kustikov, Y.A. A1 - Kozyreva, S.B. A1 - Korzh, A.A. T1 - Final report of the key coamparison CCQM-K88: Determination of lead in lead-free solder containing silver and copper N2 - The CCQM-K88 key comparison was organized by the Inorganic Analysis Working Group of CCQM to test the abilities of the national metrology institutes to measure the mass fraction of lead in lead-free solder containing silver and copper. National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Metrology of China (NIM) and Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) acted as the coordinating laboratories. The participants used different measurement methods, though most of them used inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) or isotope-dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ID-ICP-MS). Accounting for relative expanded uncertainty, comparability of measurement results was successfully demonstrated by the participating NMIs for the measurement of the mass fraction of lead in lead-free solder at the level of 200 mg/kg. It is expected that metals at mass fractions greater than approximately 100 mg/kg in lead-free solder containing silver and copper can be determined by each participant using the same technique(s) employed for this key comparison to achieve similar uncertainties mentioned in the present report. KW - CCQM KW - Metrology KW - IDMS PY - 2013 DO - https://doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/50/1A/08002 SN - 0026-1394 SN - 1681-7575 VL - 50 IS - 08002, 1A (Technical Supplement 2013) SP - 1 EP - 19 PB - Inst. of Physics Publ. CY - Bristol AN - OPUS4-30457 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wunderli, S. A1 - Fortunato, G. A1 - Vogl, Jochen A1 - Pritzkow, Wolfgang T1 - Meterology of determination for a new cadmium atomic weight and metrological application to cadmium in rice using MC-ICP-MS KW - Atomic weight KW - Isotope KW - MC-ICP-MS KW - Cadmium KW - Determination of metrology of new cadmium atomic weight KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Review KW - Multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry PY - 2003 SN - 1004-2997 VL - 24 IS - 4 SP - 467 EP - 470 CY - Beijing AN - OPUS4-31076 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Vogl, Jochen T1 - Road-map for purity determination N2 - From several CCQM studies (CCQM-P107, CCQM-K72 and CCQM-P149) conclusions can be drawn for the purity assessment of a pure (metallic) element. These conclusions will be put together in this document in order to assist all NMIs/DIs in performing a purity assessment, whenever needed. T2 - CCQM IAWG Meeting CY - Paris, France DA - 18.04.2016 KW - Purity KW - Metrology KW - Traceability PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-36063 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Vogl, Jochen T1 - Applicability of CCQM-P149 to support CMCs N2 - CCQM-P149 is an attempt to obtain a snapshot on actual procedures the NMIs and DIs within CCQM-IAWG applied to the purity characterization of their “fit for purpose” elemental Standards. This presentation describes how the results of CCQM-P149 may be used to underpin calibration and measurement capabilities being claimed in the BIPM database. T2 - CCQM IAWG Meeting CY - Paris, France DA - 18.04.2016 KW - metrology KW - purity KW - traceability PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-36064 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Vogl, Jochen T1 - Using information from CC Tables for supporting CMC claims N2 - Core capability tables list the skills and experiences, which at least partially are needed to successfully carry out a specific analytical task within the IAWG. The required skills and experiences, so-called core capabilities (CC), are identified for each analytical procedure. The summarized CC tables are listed in the appendix of each report on the corresponding key comparison or pilot study. These CC tables enable us to demonstrate that we have the analytical procedure we claim under control by means of other Key Comparison, which do not exactly meet the claimed calibration and measurement capability. This is especially important for: a) fields where no Key Comparison is available, b) Revision of CMC claims or c) when a participation in a Key Comparison was not possible. T2 - CCQM IAWG Meeting CY - Paris, France DA - 18.04.2016 KW - metrology KW - traceability PY - 2016 AN - OPUS4-36066 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Geilert, Sonja A1 - Vogl, Jochen A1 - Rosner, M. A1 - Voerkelius, S. A1 - Eichert, T. T1 - Boron isotope fractionation in bell pepper N2 - Various plant compartments of a single bell pepper plant were studied to verify the variability of boron isotope composition in plants and to identify possible intra-plant isotope fractionation. Boron mass fractions varied from 9.8 mg/kg in the fruits to 70.0 mg/kg in the leaves. Boron (B) isotope ratios reported as δ11B ranged from -11.0‰ to +16.0‰ (U ≤ 1.9‰, k=2) and showed a distinct trend to heavier δ11B values the higher the plant compartments were located in the plant. A fractionation of Δ11Bleaf-roots = 27‰ existed in the studied bell pepper plant, which represents about about 1/3 of the overall natural boron isotope variation (ca. 80‰). Two simultaneous operating processes are a possible explanation for the observed systematic intra-plant δ11B variation: 1) B is fixed in cell walls in its tetrahedral form (borate), which preferentially incorporates the light B isotope and the remaining xylem sap gets enriched in the heavy B isotope and 2) certain transporter preferentially transport the trigonal 11B-enriched boric acid molecule and thereby the heavy 11B towards young plant compartments which were situated distal of the roots and typically high in the plant. Consequently, an enrichment of the heavy 11B isotope in the upper young plant parts located at the top of the plant could explain the observed isotope systematic. The identification and understanding of the processes generating systematic intra-plant δ11B variations will potentially enable the use of B isotope for plant metabolism studies. KW - Boron isotopes KW - Bell pepper KW - Boron transport KW - Boron isotope fractionation KW - Intra-plant isotope variability KW - Plants KW - Bell KW - Pepper KW - Isotope fractionation PY - 2015 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-352289 DO - https://doi.org/10.4172/mso.1000101 VL - 1 IS - 1 SP - Article 1000101, 1 EP - 6 AN - OPUS4-35228 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rienitz, O. A1 - Pramann, A. A1 - Vogl, Jochen A1 - Lee, K.-S. A1 - Yim, Y.-H. A1 - Malinovskiy, D. A1 - Hill, S. A1 - Dunn, P. A1 - Goenaga-Infante, H. A1 - Ren, T. A1 - Wang, J. A1 - Vocke jr., R. D. A1 - Rabb, S: A. A1 - Narukawa, T. A1 - Yang, L. A1 - Mester, Z. A1 - Meija, J. A1 - Aref'ev, D. G. A1 - Marchin, V. A1 - Sharin, A. G. A1 - Bulanov, A. D. A1 - Potapov, A. M. A1 - Otopkova, P. A. A1 - Kessel, R. T1 - The comparability of the determination of the molar mass of silicon highly enriched in 28Si: results of the CCQM-P160 interlaboratory comparison and additional external measurements N2 - An international comparison study on the accurate determination of the molar mass M(Si) of silicon artificially enriched in 28Si (x(28Si) > 0.9999 mol mol−1) has been completed. The measurements were part of the high level CCQM-P160 pilot study assessing the ability of National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) and Designated Institutes (DIs) to make such measurements at the lowest possible levels of measurement uncertainty and to identify possible difficulties when measuring this kind of sample. This study supports the molar mass measurements critical to disseminating the silicon route to realizing the new definitions for the kilogram and the mole. Measurements were also made by one external research institute and an external company. The different institutes were free to choose their experimental (mass spectrometric) set-ups and equipment, thereby enabling also the comparison of different techniques. The investigated material was a chemically pure, polycrystalline silicon material. The subsequent modified single crystalline secondary product of this material was intended for the production of silicon which was used for two additional spheres in the context of the redetermination of the Avogadro constant NA, required for the revision of the International System of Units (SI) via fundamental constants which came into force from May 2019. The CCQM pilot study was organized by Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB). Aqueous silicon solutions were shipped to all participating institutions. The data analysis as well as the uncertainty modelling and calculation of the results was predefined. The participants were provided with an uncertainty budget as a GUM Workbench® file as well as a free software license for the duration of the comparison. The agreement of the values of the molar mass (M(Si) = 27.976 942 577 g mol−1) was excellent with ten out of 11 results reported within the range of relative uncertainty of 1 × 10−8 required for the revision of the SI. KW - Absolute isotope ratio KW - Molar mass KW - Avogadro constant KW - Revision of the SI PY - 2020 DO - https://doi.org/10.1088/1681-7575/abbdbf VL - 57 IS - 6 SP - 065028 PB - IOP Science CY - Cambridge AN - OPUS4-51500 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vogl, Jochen A1 - Rosner, M. A1 - Kasemann, S. A. A1 - Kraft, R. A1 - Meixner, A. A1 - Noordmann, J. A1 - Rabb, S. A1 - Rienitz, O. A1 - Schuessler, J. A. A1 - Tatzel, Michael A1 - Vocke, R. D. T1 - Intercalibration of Mg isotope delta scales and realisation of SI traceability for Mg isotope amount ratios and isotope delta values N2 - The continuous improvement of analytical procedures using multi-collector technologies in ICP-mass spectrometry has led to an increased demand for isotope standards with improved homogeneity and reduced measurement uncertainty. For magnesium, this has led to a variety of available standards with different quality levels ranging from artefact standards to isotope reference materials certified for absolute isotope ratios. This required an intercalibration of all standards and reference materials, which we present in this interlaboratory comparison study. The materials Cambridge1, DSM3, ERMAE143, ERM-AE144, ERM-AE145, IRMM-009 and NIST SRM 980 were cross-calibrated with expanded measurement uncertainties (95% confidence level) of less than 0.030‰ for the δ25/24Mg values and less than 0.037‰ for the δ26/24Mg values. Thus, comparability of all magnesium isotope delta (δ) measurements based on these standards and reference materials is established. Further, ERM-AE143 anchors all magnesium δ-scales to absolute isotope ratios and therefore establishes SI traceability, here traceability to the SI base unit mole. This applies especially to the DSM3 scale, which is proposed to be maintained. With ERM-AE144 and ERM-AE145, which are product and educt of a sublimation-condensation process, for the first time a set of isotope reference materials is available with a published value for the apparent triple isotope fractionation exponent θapp, the fractionation relationship ln α(25/24Mg)/ln α(26/24Mg). KW - Delta scale KW - Traceability KW - Scale anchor KW - Absolute isotope ratio KW - Comparability KW - Triple isotope fractionation PY - 2020 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-511557 DO - https://doi.org/10.1111/ggr.12327 SN - 1751-908X VL - 44 IS - 3 SP - 439 EP - 457 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Oxford AN - OPUS4-51155 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rienitz, O. A1 - Jährling, R. A1 - Noordmann, J. A1 - Pape, C. A1 - Röhker, K. A1 - Vogl, Jochen A1 - Manzano, J. V. L. A1 - Kozlowski, W. A1 - Caciano de Siena, R. A1 - Marques Rodrigues, J. A1 - Galli, A. H. A1 - Yim, Y.-H. A1 - Lee, K.-S. A1 - Lee, J. H. A1 - Min, H.-S. A1 - Chingbo, C. A1 - Naijie, S. A1 - Qian, W. A1 - Ren, T. A1 - Jun, W. A1 - Tangpaisarnkul, N. A1 - Suzuki, T. A1 - Nonose, N. A1 - Mester, Z. A1 - Yang, L. A1 - Pagliano, E. A1 - Greenberg, P. A1 - Mariassy, M. A1 - Näykki, T. A1 - Cankur, O. A1 - Coskun, F. G. A1 - Ari, B. A1 - Can, S. Z. T1 - CCQM-K122 "Anionic impurities and lead in salt solutions" N2 - The determination of the mass fractions of bromide, sulfate, and lead as well as the isotopic composition of the lead (expressed as the molar mass and the amount fractions of all four stable lead isotopes) in an aqueous solution of sodium chloride with a mass fraction of 0.15 g/g was the subject of this comparison. Even though the mass fractions ranged from 3 μg/g (bromide) to 50 ng/g (lead), almost all results reported agreed with the according KCRVs. KW - Absolute isotope ratio KW - Lead isotope ratios KW - Metrology KW - Traceability PY - 2020 DO - https://doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/57/1A/08012 VL - 57 IS - 1A SP - 8012 PB - IOP Science AN - OPUS4-51156 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vogl, Jochen T1 - The triple-isotope calibration approach: a universal and standard-free calibration approach for obtaining absolute isotope ratios of multi-isotopic elements N2 - The theory of a new calibration approach for obtaining absolute isotope ratios of multi-isotopic elements without the use of any standard has been developed. The calibration approach basically uses the difference in the instrumental isotope fractionation of two different types of mass spectrometers, leading to two different fractionation lines in a three-isotope diagram. When measuring the same sample with both mass spectrometers, the different fractionation lines have one point in common: this is the ‘true’ logarithmized isotope ratio pair of the sample. Thus, the intersection of both fractionation lines provides us with the absolute isotope ratios of the sample. This theory has been tested in practice by measuring Cd and of Pb isotope ratios in the certified reference materials BAM-I012 and NIST SRM981 by thermal ionization mass spectrometry and by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry while varying the ionization conditions for both mass spectrometers. With this experiment, the theory could be verified, and absolute isotope ratios were obtained, which were metrologically compatible with the certified isotope ratios. The so-obtained absolute isotope ratios are biased by − 0.5% in average, which should be improved with further developments of the method. This calibration approach is universal, as it can be applied to all elements with three or more isotopes and it is not limited to the type of mass spectrometers applied; it can be applied as well to secondary ion mass spectrometry or others. Additionally, this approach provides information on the fractionation process itself via the triple-isotope fractionation exponent θ. KW - Triple isotope fractionation KW - Absolute isotope ratio KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Calibration KW - Uncertainty PY - 2020 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-516364 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-020-03050-4 VL - 413 IS - 3 SP - 821 EP - 826 PB - Springer Verlag AN - OPUS4-51636 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -