TY - JOUR A1 - Stadthaus, Meinhard A1 - Thomas, Hans-Martin A1 - Migoun, N.P. A1 - Gnusin, A.B. A1 - Baugatz, J. A1 - König, W. T1 - Sensitivity of penetrant and magnetic particle testing - Performance testing of detection media for penetrant and magnetic particle testing (PT and MT) N2 - Die Empfindlichkeit von Eindring- und Magnetpulverprüfungen (PT, MT) hängt unter anderem von der Eignung und der Qualität der Prüfmittel ab (für PT bezeichnet als Eindringsystem). Die Ermittlung der Empfindlichkeit erfolgt an Kontrollkörpern mit natürlichen und künstlichen Inhomogenitäten durch Ermittlung der Anzeigenerkennbarkeit als Maß für die Eignung. Die europäischen Normen spezifizieren die Anforderungen an die Prüfmittel für Typen-, Chargen- und Betriebsprüfungen nach pr EN ISO 3452-2 für PT und EN ISO 9934-2 für MT. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt die Ermittlung der Empfindlichkeit von Prüfmitteln sowie deren Qualifizierung bei der Typenprüfung. Die vorgeschlagenen Verfahren wurden durch experimentelle Untersuchungen validiert, bei denen ein Bildverarbeitungssystem zur Ermittlung der Anzeigenerkennbarkeit verwendet wurde. Im Hinblick auf die Qualifizierung der Prüfmittel wird die Zuverlässigkeit der Verfahren diskutiert. PY - 2004 DO - https://doi.org/10.3139/120.100591 SN - 0025-5300 VL - 46 IS - 6 SP - 320 EP - 326 PB - Carl Hanser Verlag CY - München AN - OPUS4-3574 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Stadthaus, Meinhard A1 - Thomas, Hans-Martin A1 - Baugatz, J. A1 - König, W. A1 - Migoun, N. A1 - Gnusin, A. T1 - Performance testing of detection media for magnetic particle and penetrant testing following the European standards T2 - Congrès COFREND 2001 CY - Reims, France DA - 2001-04-24 PY - 2001 SP - 1(?) EP - 6(?) PB - COFREND CY - Paris AN - OPUS4-1123 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hieronymus, Hartmut A1 - Henschen, Philipp A1 - Hofmann, Martin A1 - Bender, Josef A1 - Wendler, Reinhold A1 - Plewinsky, Bodo A1 - Steinbach, J. ED - Pasman, H. T1 - Hazards of surface explosions T2 - 10th International Conference: Loss prevention and safety promotion in the process industries ; 620th Event of the European Federation of Chemical Engineering CY - Stockholm, Sweden DA - 2001-06-19 PY - 2001 SN - 0-444-50699-3 N1 - Serientitel: EFCE event – Series title: EFCE event IS - 620 SP - 897 EP - 908 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-1156 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Thomas, Hans-Martin A1 - Stadthaus, Meinhard A1 - Baugatz, J. A1 - König, W. A1 - Migoun, N. P. A1 - Prokhorenko, P. P. A1 - Gnusin, A. B. T1 - Reproducibility Problem for the Procedure of Type Testing of Liquid Penetrants N2 - Apparently that the type testing procedure should be conducted under the conditions ensuring reproducibility of its outcomes. We investigated various factors effecting upon the reproducibility. To obtain quantitative characteristics of indication’s visibility the image-processing hard-and software were used. It was established that there are two main groups of these factors. The first depends on the differences between various test panels, which are used for type testing. The second one concerns the reproducibility of some stages of penetrant testing procedure (excess penetrant removing and developer application). The recommendations to increase the reproducibility of type testing are developed and illustrated experimentally. The determination of penetrant system sensitivity as a part of type testing should be conducted ensuring reproducibility of the result. We investigated some factors effecting the reproducibility. To obtain quantitative characteristics of indication’s visibility, an image processing system was used [1]. We used 3 different sets of reference blocks (rb1, rb2, rb3) corresponding to type 1 of EN ISO 3452-3 [2]. Two fluorescent penetrants with different sensitivities and the same wet solvent developer were used. It was established that the reproducibility of type testing is influenced by mainly two principal factors. First there are the differences between reference blocks. Second one concerns the reproducibility of penetrant testing procedure, especially excess penetrant removal and developer application. According to EN ISO 3452-3 a reference block for determination of sensitivity level of fluorescent penetrants consists of a set of three nickel-chrome plated panels with 10, 20 and 30 µm plating thickness. Transverse cracks are made in each panel by stretching the panels in the longitudinal direction and width to depth ratio of the cracks should be approximately 1/20. Each panel presents a certain sensitivity level, which is characterised by the level of visibility of the indication. The highest level 3 corresponds to the panel with 10 µm thickness plating. Each panel is cut longitudinally (perpendicular to the crack) so that 2 sheets (panels A and B) with nearly the same cracks will be produced. These panels A and B of a reference block are used for relative evaluation, for example to compare sensitivities of two penetrants. It is considered that the application of the same penetrant to both panels with subsequent adequate development results in the same visibility of the indications on these panels. Quantitative correlations between the abilities of the reference blocks used for determining of the sensitivity were obtained in our investigations. We used the relations between the measured values of light-fluxes from the indications of similar comparing areas on two panels. These indications correspond to certain cracks’ parts of the same total length on both comparing areas. The relations of the steps between the panel are responsible for the definition of the sensitivity groups. From our investigations it follows that the steps of the different sets are different. Besides it was established that the indication‘s visibility for the same penetrant applied on different reference blocks might have a considerable difference depending on the penetrant sensitivity: the higher penetrant’ sensitivity, the smaller is such a difference between the steps 30/20 and 20/10. For example, for rb3 the relations 30/20 and 20/10 for lower sensitive penetrant (I1) reached factor 3 comparing with factor 2 for higher sensitive penetrant (I2). Some results of the comparison between the 3 sets (rb1, rb2, rb3) investigations are summarised in Table 1 with rb1 as a reference. T2 - 8th ECNDT CY - Barcelona, Spain DA - 2002-06-17 PY - 2002 UR - http://www.ndt.net/article/ecndt02/199/199.htm VL - 8 SP - 1(?) EP - 5(?) PB - European Federation for Non-Destructive Testing CY - Barcelona AN - OPUS4-1396 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Langenberg, K. J. A1 - Marklein, R. A1 - Mayer, K. A1 - Krylow, T. A1 - Ampha, P. A1 - Streicher, Doreen A1 - Krause, Martin ED - Pinto, I. M. T1 - Wavefield inversion in nondestructive testing T2 - Workshop/Minisymposium on "Electromagnetics in a Complex World: Challenges and Perspectives" CY - Benevento, Italy DA - 2003-02-20 PY - 2003 SN - 3-540-20235-8 SN - 0930-8989 N1 - Serientitel: Springer proceedings in physics – Series title: Springer proceedings in physics IS - 96 SP - 1 EP - 10(?) PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-2357 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hasenstab, Andreas A1 - Krause, Martin A1 - Lutz, J. A1 - Hillemeier, B. A1 - Rieck, C. T1 - Niederfrequente Ultraschall-Echo-Verfahren und Bohrwiderstandsmessung zur Untersuchung von Holzbauteilen T2 - DGZfP Jahrestagung CY - Rostock, Deutschland DA - 2005-05-02 KW - ZfP an Holzbauteilen KW - Fehlstellen KW - Minderdicken KW - Ultraschallecho-Experimente an Probekörpern KW - Ultraschall-Echo KW - Fäulnis KW - Bauwesen PY - 2005 SN - 3-931381-64-1 N1 - Serientitel: Berichtsband / Deutsche Gesellschaft für zerstörungsfreie Prüfung e. V. – Series title: Berichtsband / Deutsche Gesellschaft für zerstörungsfreie Prüfung e. V. IS - 94-CD SP - 1(?) EP - 11(?) PB - DGZfP CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-11960 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lohrer, Christian A1 - Schmidt, Martin A1 - Malow, Marcus A1 - Krause, Ulrich A1 - Steinbach, J. T1 - Einfluss von Feuchte und Konvektionsströmung auf das Selbstentzündungsverhalten von Feststoffschüttungen KW - Selbstentzündung KW - Konvektion KW - Feuchte PY - 2005 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.200590078 SN - 0009-286X SN - 1522-2640 VL - 77 IS - 8 SP - 1141 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-10847 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dengel, Jörg A1 - Wendler, Reinhold A1 - Denzer, Wolfgang A1 - Buchholz, Joachim A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Steinbach, J. A1 - Plewinsky, Bodo A1 - Hieronymus, Hartmut T1 - Explosions Near the Surface of Organic Liquids KW - Heterogeneous explosions KW - Detonation KW - Deflagration KW - Explosion ranges PY - 2005 SN - 0957-5820 SN - 1744-3598 N1 - Geburtsname von Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. - Birth name of Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. VL - 83 IS - B5 SP - 452 EP - 458 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-11176 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wondraczek, L. A1 - Reinsch, Stefan A1 - Gaber, Martin A1 - Deubener, J. A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Komatsu, T. T1 - Nano-crystalline germanate glass-ceramics T2 - 78. Glastechnische Tagung CY - Nürnberg, Deutschland DA - 2004-06-07 PY - 2004 SP - 37 EP - 40 PB - Deutsche Glastechnische Gesellschaft CY - Offenbach AN - OPUS4-6953 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bär, S. A1 - Huber, G. A1 - Gonzalo, J. A1 - Perea, A. A1 - Munz, Martin T1 - Pulsed laser deposition of EU - Y2O3 thin films on (0001) alpha-Al2O3 N2 - This paper focuses on the preparation and characterization of crystalline thin films of rare-earth-doped sesquioxides (Y2O3, Lu2O3) grown by pulsed laser deposition on single-crystal (0001) sapphire substrates. X-ray diffraction measurements show that the films with thicknesses between 1 nm and 500 nm were highly textured along the 111 direction. Using Rutherford backscattering analysis, the correct stoichiometric composition of the films was established. The emission and excitation spectra of europium-doped films with a thickness 100 nm look similar to those of the corresponding crystalline bulk material, whereas films with a thickness 20 nm show a completely different emission behavior. KW - Pulsed laser deposition KW - Integrated optical devices KW - X-ray diffraction KW - Atomic force microscopy KW - Luminescence PY - 2004 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0926860X DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-004-3029-8 SN - 0947-8396 VL - 80 IS - 2 SP - 209 EP - 216 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-5990 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -