TY - CHAP A1 - Casperson, Ralf A1 - Leinenbach, F. A1 - Martin, J. ED - Meyendorf, N. ED - Ida, N. ED - Singh, R. ED - Vrana, J. T1 - DICONDE: Enabling FAIR Data and Communication in NDE 4.0 N2 - For the digital transformation and the integration of NDE into the Industry 4.0, standardized data formats and communication interfaces are mandatory. The Standard Practice for Digital Imaging and Communication in Nondestructive Evaluation (DICONDE), based on Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine (DICOM), offers both a standardized data format and standardized communication interfaces. Furthermore, DICONDE meets the requirements of the EU Data Act by supporting the FAIR data principle (findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable data). DICONDE standards are available for radiography including computed tomography, ultrasonic, and eddy current testing. Standards for thermography and secondary capture are under development. The basic concept of DICONDE, storage of eddy current and ultrasonic raw data, and the use case of railway rail inspection at the AIFRI project are discussed in detail. KW - Data format KW - Data communication KW - FAIR data KW - NDE 4.0 KW - Industry 4.0 KW - EU Data Act KW - DICONDE PY - 2025 SN - 978-3-030-48200-8 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48200-8 SP - 1 EP - 20 PB - Springer Nature CY - Heidelberg ET - 2 AN - OPUS4-62657 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schnell, A. A1 - Rübner, Katrin A1 - Seher, Julia A1 - Müller, A. A1 - Liebezeit, S. A1 - Fenner, J. A1 - Martin, F. A1 - Pniok, N. T1 - REALight ‐ Leichtgranulate und REA‐Gips aus feinkörnigen sulfatbelasteten Bau‐ und Abbruchabfällen N2 - Ziel des Projekts REALight ist die Entwicklung einer Referenzanlage zur Herstellung von Leichtgranulaten (leichte Gesteinskörnungen) aus Bau‐ und Abbruchabfällen und zur Gipsrückgewinnung. Als Rohstoffe werden bisher ungenutzte oder auf niedrigem Niveau eingesetzte Bau‐ und Abbruchabfälle und industrielle Nebenprodukte verwendet. Als Produkte werden leichte Gesteinskörnungen hergestellt. Die Sulfatabtrennung durch eine thermische Zersetzung bildet die Grundlage für die zusätzliche Gewinnung von Rauchgasentschwefelungs‐Gips (REA‐Gips). Das Projekt wird im Rahmen der Fördermaßnahme „Ressourceneffiziente Kreislaufwirtschaft – Bauen und Mineralische Stoffkreisläufe (ReMin)” gefördert. ReMin ist eine Maßnahme zur Umsetzung des BMBF‐Forschungskonzepts „Ressourceneffiziente Kreislaufwirtschaft” als Teil der BMBF Strategie „Forschung für nachhaltige Entwicklung – FONA”. Ziel der Förderung ist es, den Ausbau der Kreislaufwirtschaft voranzutreiben. Im Mittelpunkt steht dabei die Bauwirtschaft mit ihrer hohen Nachfrage nach Rohstoffen und gleichzeitig großen Mengen an anfallenden mineralischen Abfällen. Am Projekt REALight sind 12 Partner aus verschiedenen Bereichen der Baustoffherstellung und ‐anwendung, Abfallaufbereitung, Verfahrenstechnik sowie Forschung und Entwicklung beteiligt. T2 - 21. Internationale Baustofftagung (ibausil) CY - Weimar, Germany DA - 13.09.2023 KW - Baustoffrecycling KW - Leichtgranulate KW - Gips KW - Leichte Gesteinskörnungen KW - Drehrohrofen KW - Recycling KW - Mauerwerkbruch KW - Infraleichtbeton PY - 2023 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-591708 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/cepa.2840 SN - 2509-7075 VL - 6 IS - 6 SP - 530 EP - 536 PB - Ernst & Sohn CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-59170 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Martin, T. A1 - Zimmermann, E. A1 - Klitzsch, N. A1 - Hördt, A. A1 - Huisman, J. A. A1 - Radic, T. A1 - Kruschwitz, Sabine T1 - Round-robin test of SIP laboratory measurements using electrical test networks N2 - This study presents the results of an interlaboratory test designed to evaluate the accuracy of spectral induced polarization (SIP) measurements using controlled electrical test networks. The study, conducted in Germany since 2006, involved 12 research institutes, six different impedance measurement devices and four types of electrical test networks specifically designed to evaluate phase shift errors in SIP measurements. The test networks, with impedances ranging from 100 to 150 kΩ, represent high-impedance samples with different phase characteristics, and pose the measurement challenges typical of such samples, including high contact impedances and parasitic capacitances. Four key findings emerged from the study: (1) Impedance measurements across all devices showed deviations within 1 per cent over a wide frequency range (0.001–1000 Hz); (2) phase errors remained below 1 mrad up to 100 Hz for most devices, but increased at higher frequencies due to parasitic capacitances and electromagnetic coupling effects; (3) lab-specific instruments have lower phase errors than field instruments when used in a laboratory environment, primarily due to the effects of long cables and too low input impedances of the field instruments; and (4) short cables and driven shielding technology effectively minimized parasitic capacitance and improved measurement accuracy. The study highlights the usefulness of test networks in assessing the accuracy of SIP measurements and raises awareness of the various factors influencing the quality of SIP data. KW - Induced polarization KW - Electrical properties KW - Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) PY - 2025 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-631522 DO - https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaf153 SN - 0956-540X VL - 242 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Oxford University Press (OUP) AN - OPUS4-63152 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krause, Martin A1 - Dackermann, U. A1 - Li, J. T1 - Elastic wave modes for the assessment of structural timber: ultrasonic echo for building elements and guided waves for pole and pile structures N2 - This paper presents the state-of-the-art of using non-destructive testing (NDT) methods based on elastic waves for the condition assessment of structural timber. Two very promising approaches based on the propagation and reflections of elastic waves are described. While the first approach uses ultrasonic echoes for the testing of wooden building elements, the second approach uses guided waves (GW) for the testing of timber pole and pile structures. The basic principle behind both approaches is that elastic waves induced in a timber structure will propagate through its material until they encounter a change in stiffness, cross-sectional area or density, at which point they will reflect back. By measuring the wave echoes, it is possible to determine geometric properties of the tested structures such as the back wall of timber elements or the underground length of timber poles or piles. In addition, the internal state of the tested structures can be assessed since damage and defects such as rot, fungi or termite attacks will cause early reflections of the elastic waves as well as it can result in changes in wave velocity, wave attenuation and wave mode conversion. In the paper, the principles and theory of using elastic wave propagation for the assessment of wooden building elements and timber pole/pile structures are described. The state-of-the-art in testing equipment and procedures is presented and detailed examples are given on the practical application of both testing approaches. Recent encouraging developments of cutting edge research are presented along with challenges for future research. KW - Elastic wave KW - Ultrasonic echo KW - SAFT (synthetic aperture focusing technique) KW - Guided wave KW - Timber structure KW - Timber pole KW - Impulse response KW - Condition assessment KW - Timber KW - Non-destructive testing KW - Ultrasouind PY - 2014 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13349-014-0087-2 SN - 2190-5452 SN - 2190-5479 VL - 5 IS - 2 SP - 221 EP - 249 PB - Springer CY - Berlin; Heidelberg AN - OPUS4-31867 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Everard, C.D. A1 - Schmidt, Martin A1 - McDonnell, K.P. A1 - Finnan, J. T1 - Heating processes during storage of Miscanthus chip piles and numerical simulations to predict self-ignition N2 - Miscanthus x Giganteus (Miscanthus) energy crop was examined at laboratory scale to assess its self-heating and self-ignition risks during storage. Chipped Miscanthus (18 mm) from February and March harvests, in 2012, were assessed as well as ground Miscanthus (3 mm) from the March harvest. February and March crops had moisture contents of 41.6 and 20.2%, respectively. Self-ignition temperatures were independent of moisture although moisture did affect the time from the beginning of storage until storage temperature was reached. Ground Miscanthus had lower self-ignition temperatures than chipped Miscanthus. Isothermal respirometric tests carried out showed increase risk of self-heating in the February crop compared to the March crop due to increased microbial activity. Numerical simulations were used to determine critical enhanced start temperatures, e.g. caused by microbial decomposition, of the stored Miscanthus. Safe storage conditions have been derived from the investigations. The numerical simulations demonstrated that self-ignition was possible in Miscanthus chip piles with a height greater than 6 m if there was significant heat release from microbiological activity. Reliable assessment of self-heating and self-ignition risks in large scale Miscanthus energy crop clamps or piles are required to prevent losses due to decomposition and fire damage. KW - Miscanthus x Giganteus KW - Hot storage test KW - Respirometric rates KW - Self-heating KW - Self-ignition KW - Numerical simulations KW - Biomass storage PY - 2014 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2014.06.003 SN - 0950-4230 SN - 1873-3352 VL - 30 SP - 188 EP - 196 PB - Butterworth CY - Guildford, Surrey AN - OPUS4-31149 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dippong, Martin A1 - Carl, Peter A1 - Lenz, C. A1 - Schenk, J. A. A1 - Hoffmann, Katrin A1 - Schwaar, Timm A1 - Schneider, Rudolf A1 - Kuhne, Maren T1 - Hapten-specific single-cell selection of hybridoma clones by fluorescence-activated cell sorting for the generation of monoclonal antibodies N2 - The conventional hybridoma screening and subcloning process is generally considered to be one of the most critical steps in hapten-specific antibody production. It is time-consuming, monoclonality is not guaranteed, and the number of clones that can be screened is limited. Our approach employs a novel hapten-specific labeling technique of hybridoma cells. This allows for fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and single-cell deposition and thereby eliminates the above-mentioned problems. A two-step staining approach is used to detect antigen specificity and antibody expression: in order to detect antigen specificity, hybridoma cells are incubated with a hapten−horseradish peroxidase conjugate (hapten−HRP), which is subsequently incubated with a fluorophore-labeled polyclonal anti-peroxidase antibody (anti-HRP−Alexa Fluor 488). To characterize the expression of membrane-bound immunoglobulin G (IgG), a fluorophore-labeled anti-mouse IgG antibody (anti-IgG−Alexa Fluor 647) is used. Hundreds of labeled hybridoma cells producing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific for a hapten were rapidly isolated and deposited from a fusion mixture as single-cell clones via FACS. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measurements of the supernatants of the sorted hybridoma clones revealed that all hapten-specific hybridoma clones secrete antibodies against the target. There are significant improvements using this high-throughput technique for the generation of mAbs including increased yield of antibody-producing hybridoma clones, ensured monoclonality of sorted cells, and reduced development times. KW - Monoclonal antibodies KW - FACS KW - Hybridoma cells PY - 2017 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04569 SN - 0003-2700 SN - 1520-6882 VL - 89 IS - 7 SP - 4007 EP - 4012 PB - ACS Publications AN - OPUS4-40320 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmidt, Martin A1 - Wu, D. A1 - Norman, F. A1 - Vanierschot, M. A1 - Verplaetsen, F. A1 - Berghmans, J. A1 - van den Bulck, E. T1 - Numerical investigation on the self-ignition behaviour of coal dust accumulations: The roles of oxygen, diluent gas and dust volume N2 - Self-ignition of coal dust deposits poses a higher risk of fires in oxygen-enriched oxy-fuel combustion systems. In this work, we develop a numerical method, using the commercial software COMSOL Multiphysics, to investigate self-ignition behaviour of coal dust accumulations with a main emphasis on the roles of oxygen, diluent gas and dust volume. A one-step 2nd-order reaction kinetic model considering both coal density and oxygen density is used to estimate reaction rate using the kinetic parameters from previously conducted hot-oven tests. This model is validated to predict the transient temperature and concentration profiles of South African coal dusts until ignition. The computed self-ignition temperatures of dust volumes show a good agreement with experimental results. In addition, it is found that the inhibiting effect of carbon dioxide is comparatively small and oxygen consumption increases dramatically after ignition. Parameter analysis shows that the heating value and kinetic parameters have a comparatively pronounced effect on self-ignition temperature. The model provides a satisfactory explanation for the dependence of self-ignition behaviour on gas atmospheres, thus helping to further understand the fire risk of self-ignition in oxy-fuel combustion systems. KW - Ignition temperature KW - Oxy-fuel combustion KW - Fire safety KW - Self-ignition KW - Numerical simulation PY - 2017 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.10.063 SN - 0016-2361 SP - 500 EP - 510 AN - OPUS4-37885 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Seewald, J.S. A1 - Reeves, E.P. A1 - Bach, W. A1 - Saccocia, P.J. A1 - Craddock, P.R. A1 - Shanks III, W.C. A1 - Sylva, S.P. A1 - Pichler, T. A1 - Rosner, Martin A1 - Walsh, E. T1 - Submarine venting of magmatic volatiles in the Eastern Manus Basin, Papua New Guinea N2 - The SuSu Knolls and DESMOS hydrothermal fields are located in the back-arc extensional transform zone of the Eastern Manus Basin. In 2006, highly acidic and ΣSO4-rich vent fluids were collected at both sites and analyzed for the chemical and isotopic composition of major and trace species. Fluids exiting the seafloor have measured temperatures from 48 to 215 °C and are milky white in appearance due to precipitation of elemental S0. Vent fluid concentrations of Na, K, and Mg are depleted by as much as 30% relative to seawater, but have the same relative abundance. In contrast, the fluids are highly enriched in dissolved ΣCO2, Cl, SiO2(aq), Fe, and Al relative to seawater. Measured pH (25 °C) ranged from 0.95 to 1.87 and aqueous ΣSO4 ranged from 35 to 135 mmol/kg. The chemical and isotopic composition points to formation via subsurface mixing of seawater with a Na-, K-, Mg-, and Ca-free, volatile-rich magmatic fluid exsolved from subsurface magma bodies during a process analogous to subaerial fumarole discharge. Estimates of the magmatic end-member composition indicate a fluid phase where H2O > SO2 > CO2 ≈ Cl > F. The hydrogen and oxygen isotopic composition of H2O and carbon isotopic composition of ΣCO2 in the vent fluids strongly suggest a contribution of slab-derived H2O and CO2 to melts generated in the mantle beneath the Eastern Manus volcanic zone. Abundant magmatically-derived SO2 undergoes disproportionation during cooling in upflow zones and contributes abundant acidity, SO42-, and S0 to the venting fluids. Interaction of these highly acidic fluids with highly altered mineral assemblages in the upflow zone are responsible for extensive aqueous mobilization of SiO2(aq), Fe, and Al. Temporal variability in the speciation and abundance of aqueous S species between 1995 and 2006 at the DESMOS vent field suggests an increase in the relative abundance of SO2 in the magmatic end-member that has mixed with seawater in the subsurface. Results of this study constrain processes responsible for the formation of hot-spring fluids in magmatically active back-arc environments and the resulting chemical exchange between the lithosphere and water column. PY - 2015 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.04.023 SN - 0016-7037 SN - 1872-9533 VL - 163 SP - 178 EP - 199 PB - Elsevier Science CY - New York, NY AN - OPUS4-33433 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bentrup, U. A1 - Radnik, J. A1 - Armbruster, U. A1 - Martin, A. A1 - Leiterer, Jork A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Brückner, A. T1 - Linking simultaneous in situ WAXS/SAXS/Raman with Raman/ATR/UV-vis spectroscopy: comprehensive insight into the synthesis of molybdate catalyst precursors N2 - A new setup is presented which enables simultaneous wide- and small-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS/SAXS) and Raman spectroscopic experiments during the synthesis of Mo-based mixed oxide catalyst precursors at the µ-spot beamline at the Berliner Elektronenspeicherring-Gesellschaft für Synchrotronstrahlung (BESSY). Furthermore, we report about the separate monitoring of the same reactions under comparable conditions by simultaneous combined ATR/UV–vis/Raman spectroscopic measurements. For testing the performance of both experimental setups two syntheses were described comprising the precipitation of metal molybdates by mixing solutions of metal nitrates and ammonium heptamolybdate. Additionally, the effect of H3PO4 admixture on precipitation was investigated. The combined evaluation of spectroscopic and WAXS/SAXS data allows the discrimination between different molybdate species appearing in solution and precipitate. Furthermore, these molybdate species could be assigned to separate phases of different crystallinity. KW - In situ KW - WAXS/SAXS KW - Raman KW - ATR KW - UV-vis KW - Mixed oxide catalyst KW - Synthesis PY - 2009 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-009-9309-y SN - 1022-5528 VL - 52 IS - 10 SP - 1350 EP - 1359 PB - Springer Science + Business Media CY - Dordrecht AN - OPUS4-19794 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matthies, Klaus A1 - Erhard, Anton A1 - Ernst, h. A1 - Hübschen, G. A1 - Just, Tilman A1 - Völz, Uwe A1 - Wessels, J. A1 - Boehm, Rainer A1 - Gebhardt, W. A1 - Mrasek, Heinz A1 - Neumann, Eberhard A1 - Redmer, Bernhard A1 - Schmitz, V. A1 - Thomas, Hans-Martin A1 - Walte, F. T1 - Ultraschallprüfung von austenitischen Werkstoffen PY - 2009 SN - 978-3-87155-988-4 IS - 1. Aufl. SP - 1 EP - 464 PB - DVS-Verl. CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-19897 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kus, J. A1 - Kaufhold, S. A1 - Klosa, D. A1 - Jianwei, M. A1 - Schmidt, Martin A1 - Suhendra, Suhendra T1 - Coal fire geothermometer: Controlling the extent and temperature field of underground coal fire zones T2 - 2nd International conference on coal fire research (ICCFR2) CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2010-05-19 KW - Coal fires KW - Coal petrography KW - Coal mineralogy PY - 2010 SN - 978-3-86012-397-3 IS - Part 2 - Geosciences SP - 75 EP - 85 AN - OPUS4-21459 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, C. A1 - Wu, J. A1 - Meyer, U. A1 - Kong, B. A1 - Schmidt, Martin A1 - Wuttke, M. A1 - Drebenstedt, C. A1 - Barth, Uli A1 - Rüter, H. T1 - Eight years of successful bilateral cooperation: Milestones of sino-german research T2 - 2nd International conference on coal fire research (ICCFR2) CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2010-05-19 KW - Underground coal fires KW - Sino-german cooperation PY - 2010 SN - 978-3-86012-397-3 IS - Introduction SP - 3 EP - 18 AN - OPUS4-21460 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - García, O. A1 - Rz-Maribona, I. A1 - Gardei, André A1 - Riedl, Martin A1 - Vanhellemont, Y. A1 - Santarelli, M.L. A1 - Strupi Suput, J. T1 - Comparative study of the variation or the hydric properties and aspect of natural stone and brick after the application of 4 types of anti-graffiti N2 - In this article a comparative study of the behaviour of different commercial anti-graffiti on natural stone and brick is presented. 8 different European substrates were selected and 4 commercial anti-graffiti of different chemical nature were applied on these substrates. The variations of their hydric properties and aspect (colour and gloss) with regard to the untreated substrates were later studied in the laboratory. The results obtained permitted to assess the suitability of 4 of the main types of chemical formulations employed to be used as anti-graffiti. This study concludes that the sacrificial anti-graffiti with polymeric paraffins in its composition presents the lowest reductions of the hydric properties of the studied substrates, being also the variations in colour the least perceptible. KW - Graffiti KW - Sandstone KW - Limestone KW - Natural stone KW - Brick KW - Anti-graffiti KW - Porous substrates KW - Surface treatments KW - Anti-graffiti coatings KW - Hydric properties KW - Colour KW - Gloss PY - 2010 DO - https://doi.org/10.3989/mc.2010.45507 SN - 0465-2746 N1 - Sprachen: Spanisch/Englisch - Languages: Spanish/English VL - 60 IS - 297 SP - 1 EP - 14 CY - Madrid AN - OPUS4-21087 LA - mul AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schoßig, Jörg A1 - Schmidt, Martin A1 - Krause, Ulrich A1 - Steinbach, J. T1 - Beurteilung des Selbstentzündungsverhaltens brennbarer Stäube mit Hilfe adiabatischer Warmlagerung T2 - 10. Fachtagung Anlagen-, Arbeits- und Umweltsicherheit CY - Köthen, Deutschland DA - 2010-11-04 KW - Anlagensicherheit KW - Umweltschutz KW - Sicherheitstechnik KW - Explosionsschutz PY - 2010 SN - 978-3-89746-119-2 SP - 1 EP - 7(?) CY - Frankfurt/M. AN - OPUS4-22621 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schoßig, Jörg A1 - Schmidt, Martin A1 - Krause, Ulrich A1 - Steinbach, J. T1 - Validierung von formalkinetischen Größen aus der adiabaten Warmlagerung T2 - 9. Fachtagung "Anlagen-, Arbeits- und Umweltsicherheit" CY - Köthen, Deutschland DA - 2008-11-06 KW - Anlagensicherheit KW - Umweltschutz KW - Sicherheitstechnik KW - Explosionsschutz PY - 2008 SN - 978-3-89746-099-7 SP - 1 EP - 3 PB - VDI, Hallescher Bezirksverein CY - Halle AN - OPUS4-18427 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Langenberg, K. J. A1 - Marklein, R. A1 - Mayer, K. A1 - Krylow, T. A1 - Ampha, P. A1 - Streicher, Doreen A1 - Krause, Martin ED - Pinto, I. M. T1 - Wavefield inversion in nondestructive testing T2 - Workshop/Minisymposium on "Electromagnetics in a Complex World: Challenges and Perspectives" CY - Benevento, Italy DA - 2003-02-20 PY - 2003 SN - 3-540-20235-8 SN - 0930-8989 N1 - Serientitel: Springer proceedings in physics – Series title: Springer proceedings in physics IS - 96 SP - 1 EP - 10(?) PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-2357 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bär, S. A1 - Huber, G. A1 - Gonzalo, J. A1 - Perea, A. A1 - Munz, Martin T1 - Pulsed laser deposition of EU - Y2O3 thin films on (0001) alpha-Al2O3 N2 - This paper focuses on the preparation and characterization of crystalline thin films of rare-earth-doped sesquioxides (Y2O3, Lu2O3) grown by pulsed laser deposition on single-crystal (0001) sapphire substrates. X-ray diffraction measurements show that the films with thicknesses between 1 nm and 500 nm were highly textured along the 111 direction. Using Rutherford backscattering analysis, the correct stoichiometric composition of the films was established. The emission and excitation spectra of europium-doped films with a thickness 100 nm look similar to those of the corresponding crystalline bulk material, whereas films with a thickness 20 nm show a completely different emission behavior. KW - Pulsed laser deposition KW - Integrated optical devices KW - X-ray diffraction KW - Atomic force microscopy KW - Luminescence PY - 2004 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0926860X DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-004-3029-8 SN - 0947-8396 VL - 80 IS - 2 SP - 209 EP - 216 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-5990 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wondraczek, L. A1 - Reinsch, Stefan A1 - Gaber, Martin A1 - Deubener, J. A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Komatsu, T. T1 - Nano-crystalline germanate glass-ceramics T2 - 78. Glastechnische Tagung CY - Nürnberg, Deutschland DA - 2004-06-07 PY - 2004 SP - 37 EP - 40 PB - Deutsche Glastechnische Gesellschaft CY - Offenbach AN - OPUS4-6953 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lohrer, Christian A1 - Schmidt, Martin A1 - Malow, Marcus A1 - Krause, Ulrich A1 - Steinbach, J. T1 - Einfluss von Feuchte und Konvektionsströmung auf das Selbstentzündungsverhalten von Feststoffschüttungen KW - Selbstentzündung KW - Konvektion KW - Feuchte PY - 2005 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.200590078 SN - 0009-286X SN - 1522-2640 VL - 77 IS - 8 SP - 1141 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-10847 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dilz, K. A1 - Pohl, J. A1 - Rühe, S. A1 - Thomas, Hans-Martin A1 - Casperson, Ralf T1 - Online-Schweißnahterkennung von Schienenprüfzügen mittels Wirbelstromverfahren N2 - Zur Detektion von Schweißnähten an verlegten Schienen gehört deren Identifikation und Lokalisation. Die Aufgabe, Schweißnähte derart zu detektieren, stellt sich bei der Prüfung eines Gleisnetzes auf Schädigungen, aber auch unabhängig davon. T2 - Jahrestagung Zerstörungsfreie Materialprüfung 2003 CY - Mainz, Deutschland DA - 26.05.2003 PY - 2003 UR - http://www.ndt.net/article/dgzfp03/papers/v07/v07.htm SN - 3-931381-47-1 N1 - Serientitel: Berichtsband / Deutsche Gesellschaft für zerstörungsfreie Prüfung e. V. – Series title: Berichtsband / Deutsche Gesellschaft für zerstörungsfreie Prüfung e. V. IS - 83-CD SP - 1 EP - 4 PB - DGZfP CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-3491 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stadthaus, Meinhard A1 - Thomas, Hans-Martin A1 - Migoun, N.P. A1 - Gnusin, A.B. A1 - Baugatz, J. A1 - König, W. T1 - Sensitivity of penetrant and magnetic particle testing - Performance testing of detection media for penetrant and magnetic particle testing (PT and MT) N2 - Die Empfindlichkeit von Eindring- und Magnetpulverprüfungen (PT, MT) hängt unter anderem von der Eignung und der Qualität der Prüfmittel ab (für PT bezeichnet als Eindringsystem). Die Ermittlung der Empfindlichkeit erfolgt an Kontrollkörpern mit natürlichen und künstlichen Inhomogenitäten durch Ermittlung der Anzeigenerkennbarkeit als Maß für die Eignung. Die europäischen Normen spezifizieren die Anforderungen an die Prüfmittel für Typen-, Chargen- und Betriebsprüfungen nach pr EN ISO 3452-2 für PT und EN ISO 9934-2 für MT. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt die Ermittlung der Empfindlichkeit von Prüfmitteln sowie deren Qualifizierung bei der Typenprüfung. Die vorgeschlagenen Verfahren wurden durch experimentelle Untersuchungen validiert, bei denen ein Bildverarbeitungssystem zur Ermittlung der Anzeigenerkennbarkeit verwendet wurde. Im Hinblick auf die Qualifizierung der Prüfmittel wird die Zuverlässigkeit der Verfahren diskutiert. PY - 2004 DO - https://doi.org/10.3139/120.100591 SN - 0025-5300 VL - 46 IS - 6 SP - 320 EP - 326 PB - Carl Hanser Verlag CY - München AN - OPUS4-3574 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hofmann, Martin A1 - Bender, Josef A1 - Plewinsky, Bodo A1 - Hieronymus, Hartmut A1 - Steinbach, J. T1 - Influence of Obstacles on Surface Detonations T2 - 2nd Internet Conference on Process Safety CY - --- DA - 2000-03-20 PY - 2000 AN - OPUS4-2125 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kautek, Wolfgang A1 - Hertwig, Andreas A1 - Martin, Sven A1 - Krüger, Jörg A1 - Lenzner, Matthias A1 - Spielmann, C. A1 - Lenner, M. A1 - Bunte, J. A1 - Puester, T. A1 - Burmester, T. A1 - Fiedler, A. A1 - Heberer, E. A1 - Brose, M. A1 - Stingl, A. A1 - Kiehl, P. A1 - Hönigsmann, H. A1 - Trautinger, F. A1 - Grabner, G. T1 - Safety in Femtosecond Laser Technology - Recent Results of a European Research Project (406) T2 - International Laser Safety Conference 2003 ; ILSC 2003 CY - Jacksonville, FL, USA DA - 2003-03-10 PY - 2003 SN - 0-912035-38-2 SP - 1(?) EP - 10(?) PB - Laser Institute of America CY - Orlando, Fla. AN - OPUS4-2259 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Krause, Martin A1 - Wiggenhauser, Herbert A1 - Krieger, J. T1 - Materialtechnische Untersuchung beim Abbruch der Talbrücke Haiger - Durchführung von Ultraschall- und Impakt-Echo-Messungen PY - 2002 SN - 0943-9293 IS - 38 SP - 1 EP - 111 PB - Wirtschaftsverl. NW CY - Bremerhaven AN - OPUS4-2217 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Horn, J. A1 - Dohle, H. A1 - Gersonde, Martin T1 - Schutzsalzverteilung in mechanisch vorbehandelten Fichtenmasten nach Kesseldrucktränkung PY - 1977 SN - 0018-3768 VL - 35 SP - 67 EP - 73 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-8725 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hasenstab, Andreas A1 - Krause, Martin A1 - Lutz, J. A1 - Hillemeier, B. A1 - Rieck, C. T1 - Niederfrequente Ultraschall-Echo-Verfahren und Bohrwiderstandsmessung zur Untersuchung von Holzbauteilen T2 - DGZfP Jahrestagung CY - Rostock, Deutschland DA - 2005-05-02 KW - ZfP an Holzbauteilen KW - Fehlstellen KW - Minderdicken KW - Ultraschallecho-Experimente an Probekörpern KW - Ultraschall-Echo KW - Fäulnis KW - Bauwesen PY - 2005 SN - 3-931381-64-1 N1 - Serientitel: Berichtsband / Deutsche Gesellschaft für zerstörungsfreie Prüfung e. V. – Series title: Berichtsband / Deutsche Gesellschaft für zerstörungsfreie Prüfung e. V. IS - 94-CD SP - 1(?) EP - 11(?) PB - DGZfP CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-11960 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bunte, J. A1 - Barcikowski, S. A1 - Burmester, T. A1 - Püster, T. A1 - Hertwig, Andreas A1 - Kautek, Wolfgang A1 - Krüger, Jörg A1 - Martin, Sven A1 - Spielmann, C. A1 - Lenner, M. A1 - Brose, M. T1 - Sicherer Umgang mit Ultrakurzpuls-Lasern, Teil 1: Primäre Gefährdungen PY - 2005 SN - 0945-8875 IS - 2 SP - 6 EP - 11 PB - Magazin-Verl. CY - Bad Nenndorf AN - OPUS4-11001 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bunte, J. A1 - Barcikowski, S. A1 - Burmester, T. A1 - Püster, T. A1 - Hertwig, Andreas A1 - Kautek, Wolfgang A1 - Krüger, Jörg A1 - Martin, Sven A1 - Spielmann, C. A1 - Lenner, M. A1 - Brose, M. T1 - Sicherer Umgang mit Ultrakurzpuls-Lasern, Teil 2: Sekundäre Gefährdungen PY - 2005 SN - 0945-8875 IS - 4 SP - 13 EP - 18 PB - Magazin-Verl. CY - Bad Nenndorf AN - OPUS4-11002 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baytekin, H. Tarik A1 - Oran, Umut A1 - Theisen, J. A1 - Schmidt, Martin A1 - Unger, Wolfgang ED - Weckenmann, A. T1 - Validierte Messverfahren für die nichtgeometrische Größe Hydrophilie - Anwendung in der Mikrofluidik T2 - Abschlusskolloquium DFG Schwerpunktprogramm 1159 - Neue Strategien der Mess- und Prüftechnik für die Produktion von Mikrosystemen und Nanostrukturen CY - Erlangen, Deutschland DA - 2010-10-06 PY - 2011 SN - 978-3-8440-0358-1 SN - 0945-0769 SP - 163 EP - 172 PB - Shaker Verlag GmbH AN - OPUS4-24827 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Everard, C.D. A1 - Finnan, J. A1 - McDonnell, K.P. A1 - Schmidt, Martin T1 - Evaluation of self-heating in Miscanthus x giganteus energy crop clamps and the implications for harvesting time N2 - Miscanthus x giganteus energy crop grown in Ireland was harvested on 21st of February and 28th of March 2012 to examine the effects of harvesting time on self-heating during storage of Miscanthus chips in clamps (98 m³) under weather sheltered conditions. There was a relatively large difference in moisture content, of 21.4%, between Miscanthus crop harvested in February and March (41.6 and 20.2%, respectively). Temperature evolution over a storage period of up to 125 days was monitored at different heights and distances from the centre within the clamps. Maximum temperature in the February constructed clamp reached 69 °C compared to 28 °C in the March constructed clamp. Microbial activity was monitored via carbon dioxide and oxygen gas measurements. The high moisture clamp showed higher microbial activity and a volume yield loss of 4.3% due to decomposition in the top section of the clamp. Quality indices post-storage were also assessed. Calorific values from Miscanthus sampled 1 m below the top surface were similar after storage for both February and March constructed clamps, i.e. 18.52 and 18.70 MJ kg-1, respectively. A reliable assessment of self-heating in Miscanthus chip clamps has important consequences for both self-ignition risk and biomass quality. KW - Self-heating KW - Miscanthus x giganteus KW - Biomass storage KW - Self-ignition KW - Biomass quality PY - 2013 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2013.06.022 SN - 0360-5442 VL - 58 SP - 350 EP - 356 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam [u.a.] AN - OPUS4-29054 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lenke, Karoline A1 - Schmidt, R. A1 - Märtin, J. A1 - Hoffmann, G. A1 - Cherif, C. T1 - Simulation of the yarn transportation dynamics in a warp knitting machine N2 - To date, in the textile manufacturing process of warp knitting, trouble-shooting and process optimization mainly rely on empirical knowledge and experiments. This factor limits the achievable increase in productivity and quality. On the other hand, using simulations, different phenomena that affect the quality of the knitted fabric and the knitting process can be clarified in the run-up of the experiments. Consequently, an increase in quality and flexibility can be reached with reduced experimental effort. This paper presents a process simulation of the warp thread dynamics in the thread feeding system of a warp knitting machine. For this purpose, a continuum model of the warp thread that includes the spatial dynamics of the thread and the axial transport movement has been developed. KW - Simulation of yarn transportation KW - Yarn transportation model KW - Warp knitting machine KW - Continuum model KW - Process optimization KW - Knitting PY - 2013 DO - https://doi.org/10.1177/0040517512470197 SN - 0040-5175 N1 - Geburtsname von Lenke, Karoline: Metzkes, K. - Birth name of Lenke, Karoline: Metzkes, K. VL - 83 IS - 12 SP - 1251 EP - 1262 PB - Sage Publ. CY - London AN - OPUS4-28381 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Stadthaus, Meinhard A1 - Thomas, Hans-Martin A1 - Baugatz, J. A1 - König, W. A1 - Migoun, N. A1 - Gnusin, A. T1 - Performance testing of detection media for magnetic particle and penetrant testing following the European standards T2 - Congrès COFREND 2001 CY - Reims, France DA - 2001-04-24 PY - 2001 SP - 1(?) EP - 6(?) PB - COFREND CY - Paris AN - OPUS4-1123 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hieronymus, Hartmut A1 - Hofmann, Martin A1 - Bender, Josef A1 - Henschen, Philipp A1 - Wendler, Reinhold A1 - Plewinsky, Bodo A1 - Steinbach, J. T1 - Characterization of surface explosions PY - 2001 SN - 0208-4198 VL - 21 IS - 2 SP - 117 EP - 125 PB - Wydawn. Naukowe PWN CY - Warszawa AN - OPUS4-1213 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Stadthaus, Meinhard A1 - Thomas, Hans-Martin A1 - König, W. A1 - Baugatz, J. A1 - Migoun, N. A1 - Gnusin, A. T1 - Ermittlung der Eignung von Prüfmitteln für die Eindring- und Magnetpulverprüfung nach dem europäischen Normwerk T2 - Jahrestagung Zerstörungsfreie Materialprüfung 2001 CY - Berlin, Deutschland DA - 2001-05-21 PY - 2001 UR - http://www.ndt.net/article/dgzfp01/papers/p39/p39.htm N1 - Serientitel: Berichtsband / Deutsche Gesellschaft für zerstörungsfreie Prüfung e. V. – Series title: Berichtsband / Deutsche Gesellschaft für zerstörungsfreie Prüfung e. V. IS - 75-CD PB - DGZfP CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-1302 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hieronymus, Hartmut A1 - Henschen, Philipp A1 - Hofmann, Martin A1 - Bender, Josef A1 - Wendler, Reinhold A1 - Plewinsky, Bodo A1 - Steinbach, J. ED - Pasman, H. T1 - Hazards of surface explosions T2 - 10th International Conference: Loss prevention and safety promotion in the process industries ; 620th Event of the European Federation of Chemical Engineering CY - Stockholm, Sweden DA - 2001-06-19 PY - 2001 SN - 0-444-50699-3 N1 - Serientitel: EFCE event – Series title: EFCE event IS - 620 SP - 897 EP - 908 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-1156 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Thomas, Hans-Martin A1 - Stadthaus, Meinhard A1 - Baugatz, J. A1 - König, W. A1 - Migoun, N. P. A1 - Prokhorenko, P. P. A1 - Gnusin, A. B. T1 - Reproducibility Problem for the Procedure of Type Testing of Liquid Penetrants N2 - Apparently that the type testing procedure should be conducted under the conditions ensuring reproducibility of its outcomes. We investigated various factors effecting upon the reproducibility. To obtain quantitative characteristics of indication’s visibility the image-processing hard-and software were used. It was established that there are two main groups of these factors. The first depends on the differences between various test panels, which are used for type testing. The second one concerns the reproducibility of some stages of penetrant testing procedure (excess penetrant removing and developer application). The recommendations to increase the reproducibility of type testing are developed and illustrated experimentally. The determination of penetrant system sensitivity as a part of type testing should be conducted ensuring reproducibility of the result. We investigated some factors effecting the reproducibility. To obtain quantitative characteristics of indication’s visibility, an image processing system was used [1]. We used 3 different sets of reference blocks (rb1, rb2, rb3) corresponding to type 1 of EN ISO 3452-3 [2]. Two fluorescent penetrants with different sensitivities and the same wet solvent developer were used. It was established that the reproducibility of type testing is influenced by mainly two principal factors. First there are the differences between reference blocks. Second one concerns the reproducibility of penetrant testing procedure, especially excess penetrant removal and developer application. According to EN ISO 3452-3 a reference block for determination of sensitivity level of fluorescent penetrants consists of a set of three nickel-chrome plated panels with 10, 20 and 30 µm plating thickness. Transverse cracks are made in each panel by stretching the panels in the longitudinal direction and width to depth ratio of the cracks should be approximately 1/20. Each panel presents a certain sensitivity level, which is characterised by the level of visibility of the indication. The highest level 3 corresponds to the panel with 10 µm thickness plating. Each panel is cut longitudinally (perpendicular to the crack) so that 2 sheets (panels A and B) with nearly the same cracks will be produced. These panels A and B of a reference block are used for relative evaluation, for example to compare sensitivities of two penetrants. It is considered that the application of the same penetrant to both panels with subsequent adequate development results in the same visibility of the indications on these panels. Quantitative correlations between the abilities of the reference blocks used for determining of the sensitivity were obtained in our investigations. We used the relations between the measured values of light-fluxes from the indications of similar comparing areas on two panels. These indications correspond to certain cracks’ parts of the same total length on both comparing areas. The relations of the steps between the panel are responsible for the definition of the sensitivity groups. From our investigations it follows that the steps of the different sets are different. Besides it was established that the indication‘s visibility for the same penetrant applied on different reference blocks might have a considerable difference depending on the penetrant sensitivity: the higher penetrant’ sensitivity, the smaller is such a difference between the steps 30/20 and 20/10. For example, for rb3 the relations 30/20 and 20/10 for lower sensitive penetrant (I1) reached factor 3 comparing with factor 2 for higher sensitive penetrant (I2). Some results of the comparison between the 3 sets (rb1, rb2, rb3) investigations are summarised in Table 1 with rb1 as a reference. T2 - 8th ECNDT CY - Barcelona, Spain DA - 2002-06-17 PY - 2002 UR - http://www.ndt.net/article/ecndt02/199/199.htm VL - 8 SP - 1(?) EP - 5(?) PB - European Federation for Non-Destructive Testing CY - Barcelona AN - OPUS4-1396 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krause, Martin A1 - Wiggenhauser, Herbert A1 - Krieger, J. T1 - NDE of a Post Tensioned Concrete Bridge Girder Using Ultrasonic Pulse Echo and Impact Echo T2 - 5th Structural Materials Technology NDT Conference CY - Cincinnati, OH, USA DA - 2002-09-10 PY - 2002 SN - 1-571-17094-4 VL - 5 SP - 386 EP - 395 PB - American Society for Nondestructive Testing CY - Columbus, Ohio AN - OPUS4-1978 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zoega, A. A1 - Krause, Martin A1 - Kurz, J. A1 - Maack, Stefan A1 - Küttenbaum, Stefan A1 - Boßmann, N. T1 - Ultraschalluntersuchungen zur Rissdetektion an Spannbetonschwellen N2 - Im deutschen Eisenbahnnetz sind ca. 80 Millionen Spannbetonschwellen verbaut. Analog zu anderen Bauwerken werden Wpannbetonschwellen regelmäßig visuell inspiziert. Die Rissbildung ist bei diesen Inspektionen ein Kriterium für die Schädigung einer Spannbetonschwelle. Durch Rissbildung kann es passieren, dass Betonschwellen ihre Nutzungsdauer nicht erreichen. KW - ZfPBau KW - Spannbeton PY - 2017 VL - März 2017 IS - Ernst & Sohn Special 2017 SP - 20 EP - 22 PB - Ernst & Sohn Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-48112 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Emamverdi, Farnaz A1 - Yin, Huajie A1 - Smales, Glen Jacob A1 - Harrison, W. J. A1 - Budd, P. M. A1 - Böhning, Martin A1 - Schönhals, Andreas T1 - Polymers of intrinsic microporosity - Molecular mobility and physical aging revisited by dielectric spectroscopy and X‑ray scattering N2 - Polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) are promising candidates for the active layer in gas separation membranes due to their high permeability and reasonable permselectivity. These appealing properties originate from a microporous structure as a result of inefficient segment packing in the condensed state due to a combination of a ladder-like rigid backbone and sites of contortion. However, this class of polymers suffers from a significant decrease in the permeability with time due to physical aging, whereby typically, the permselectivity increases. The initial microporous structures approach a denser state via local rearrangements, leading to the reduction of the permeability. Hence, a detailed characterization of the molecular mobility in such materials can provide valuable information on physical aging. In this work, the dielectric behavior of PIM-1 films and their behavior upon heating (aging) were revisited by isothermal frequency scans during different heating/cooling cycles over a broad temperature range between 133 and 523 K (−140 to 250 °C). In addition, the obtained results were compared with data of samples that were annealed at ambient temperatures over different time scales. Multiple dielectric processes were observed: several relaxation processes due to local fluctuations and a Maxwell−Wagner−Sillars polarization effect related to the microporosity. The temperature dependence of the rates of all processes follows the Arrhenius law where the estimated activation energy depends on the nature of the process. The influence of the thermal history (aging) on the processes is discussed in detail. KW - Polymers of intrinsic microporosity PY - 2022 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00934 VL - 55 SP - 7340 EP - 7350 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington, DC AN - OPUS4-55485 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schönhals, Andreas A1 - Goering, Harald A1 - Böhning, Martin A1 - Fritz, Andreas A1 - Rübner, J. T1 - Structure Analysis of Polymeric Nanomaterials by Relaxation Spectroscopy T2 - Polydays 2002 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2002-09-30 PY - 2002 SP - 1(?) AN - OPUS4-2044 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Hüllmann, Dino A1 - Krentel, Daniel A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Kohlhoff, Harald A1 - Lilienthal, A. J. T1 - Gas Tomography Up In The Air! N2 - In this paper, we present an autonomous aerial robot to reconstruct tomographic 2D slices of gas plumes in outdoor environments. Our platform, the so-called Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Remote Gas Sensing (UAV-REGAS) combines a lightweight Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) sensor with a 3-axis aerial stabilization gimbal for aiming on a versatile octocopter. The TDLAS sensor provides integral gas concentration measurements but no information regarding the distance traveled by the laser diode's beam or the distribution of the gas along the optical path. We complemented the set-up with a laser rangefinder and apply principles of Computed Tomography (CT) to create a model of the spatial gas distribution from these integral concentration measurements. To allow for a rudimentary ground truth evaluation of the applied gas tomography algorithm, we set up a unique outdoor test environment based on two 3D ultrasonic anemometers and a distributed array of 10 infrared gas transmitters. We present first results showing the 2D plume reconstruction capabilities of the system under realistic conditions. T2 - IEEE Sensors 2018 CY - New Delhi, India DA - 28.10.2018 KW - Aerial robot KW - TDLAS KW - Gas tomography KW - Plume PY - 2018 SN - 978-1-5386-4707-3 SP - 396 EP - 398 PB - IEEE AN - OPUS4-46477 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krause, Martin A1 - Dérobert, X. A1 - Hugenschmidt, J. A1 - Moczko, A. A1 - Niederleithinger, Ernst A1 - Taffe, Alexander ED - L. Binda, ED - M. di Prisco, ED - R. Felicetti, T1 - Benchmark for thickness measurement of concrete elements T2 - 1st International RILEM Conference, on Site Assessment of Concrete, Masonry and Timber Structures (SACoMaTiS 2008) CY - Varenna, Italy DA - 2008-09-01 KW - Thickness measurement KW - Radar KW - Ultrasonic Echo KW - Impact-Echo and Low Strain Techniques PY - 2008 SN - 978-2-35158-062-2 VL - 1 IS - PRO 59 SP - 357 EP - 366 PB - RILEM Publications AN - OPUS4-18030 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bornemann-Pfeiffer, Martin A1 - Meyer, Klas A1 - Lademann, J. A1 - Kraume, M. A1 - Maiwald, Michael T1 - Contributions towards variable temperature shielding for compact NMR instruments N2 - The application of compact NMR instruments to hot flowing samples or exothermically reacting mixtures is limited by the temperature sensitivity of permanent magnets. Typically, such temperature effects directly influence the achievable magnetic field homogeneity and hence measurement quality. The internal-temperature control loop of the magnet and instruments is not designed for such temperature compensation. Passive insulation is restricted by the small dimensions within the magnet borehole. Here, we present a design approach for active heat shielding with the aim of variable temperature control of NMR samples for benchtop NMR instruments using a compressed airstream which is variable in flow and temperature. Based on the system identification and surface temperature measurements through thermography, a model predictive control was set up to minimise any disturbance effect on the permanent magnet from the probe or sample temperature. This methodology will facilitate the application of variable-temperature shielding and, therefore, extend the application of compact NMR instruments to flowing sample temperatures that differ from the magnet temperature. KW - Benchtop NMR KW - Continuous Processes KW - Inline Analytics KW - Model Predictive Control KW - Process Analytical Tecnology KW - Temperature Control PY - 2023 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-579219 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/mrc.5379 SN - 1097-458X SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - John Wiley & Sons Ltd. AN - OPUS4-57921 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Anker, Andy S. A1 - Aspuru-Guzik, Alán A1 - Ben Mahmoud, Chiheb A1 - Bennett, Sophie A1 - Briling, Ksenia R. A1 - Changiarath, Arya A1 - Chong, Sanggyu A1 - Collins, Christopher M. A1 - Cooper, Andrew I. A1 - Crusius, Daniel A1 - Darmawan, Kevion K. A1 - Das, Basita A1 - David, Nicholas A1 - Day, Graeme M. A1 - Deringer, Volker L. A1 - Duarte, Fernanda A1 - Eardley-Brunt, Annabel A1 - Evans, Matthew L. A1 - Evans, Rob A1 - Fairlamb, Ian A1 - Franklin, Barnabas A. A1 - Frey, Jeremy A1 - Ganose, Alex M. A1 - Goulding, Mark A1 - Hafizi, Roohollah A1 - Hakkennes, Matthijs A1 - Hickey, Niamh A1 - James, Gillian A1 - Jelfs, Kim E. A1 - Kalikadien, Adarsh V. A1 - Kapil, Venkat A1 - Koczor-Benda, Zsuzsanna A1 - Krammer, Ferdinand A1 - Kulik, Heather J. A1 - Kumar, Vishank A1 - Kuttner, Christian A1 - Lam, Erwin A1 - Lou, Yuchen A1 - Mante, Eltjo A1 - Martin, Jennie A1 - Mroz, Austin M. A1 - Nematiaram, Tahereh A1 - Pare, Charles W. P. A1 - Patra, Sarbani A1 - Proudfoot, James A1 - Ruscic, Branko A1 - Ryder, Matthew R. A1 - Sakaushi, Ken A1 - Saßmannshausen, Jörg A1 - Savoie, Brett M. A1 - Schneider, Nadine A1 - Schwaller, Philippe A1 - Skjelstad, Bastian Bjerkem A1 - Sun, Wenhao A1 - Szczypiński, Filip T. A1 - Torrisi, Steven A1 - Ueltzen, Katharina A1 - Vishnoi, Shubham A1 - Walsh, Aron A1 - Wang, Xinwei A1 - Wilson, Chloe A1 - Wu, Ruiqi A1 - Zeitler, Jakob T1 - Discovering structure–property correlations: General discussion N2 - This article is a discussion of the paper "Web-BO: Towards increased accessibility of Bayesian optimisation (BO) for chemistry" by Austin M. Mroz, Piotr N. Toka, Ehecatl Antonio del Río Chanona and Kim E. Jelfs (Faraday discussions, 2025, 256, 221-234). KW - Materials design KW - Machine learning KW - Automation KW - Materials discovery PY - 2025 DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/d4fd90062f SN - 1359-6640 SN - 1364-5498 VL - 256 IS - Themed collection: Data-driven discovery in the chemical sciences SP - 373 EP - 412 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) CY - Cambridge AN - OPUS4-62208 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Becker, D. A1 - Konnertz, Nora A1 - Böhning, Martin A1 - Schmidt, J. A1 - Thomas, A. T1 - Light-switchable polymers of intrinsic microporosity N2 - The interest in (micro)porous systems is greater than ever before with microporous polymers finding application in areas such as gas storage/separation and catalysis. In contrast to the vast majority of publications on microporous polymers seeking ever higher values for surface area or uptake capacity for a particular gas, this work presents a means to render a microporous system responsive to electromagnetic stimuli. The incorporation of a diarylethene (DAE) derivative in the backbone of a polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM) produces a microporous system that exhibits photochromism as proven by UV–vis absorption and NMR studies. In the resulting DAE-PIM, surface area is not a fixed unalterable property but can be influenced by the external and nondestructive stimulus light in a reversible manner. Furthermore, in combination with Matrimid, free-standing membranes can be produced that display light-switchable diffusivity and permeability for carbon dioxide and oxygen. In this way, material scientists are offered the potential to employ only one system that can assume several states with different properties for each. KW - Gaspermeation KW - Diffusion KW - Polymer intrinsischer Mikroporosität KW - UV-VIS PY - 2016 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b02619 SN - 0897-4756 VL - 28 IS - 23 SP - 8523 EP - 8529 PB - ACS CY - Whashington,DC AN - OPUS4-38735 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krause, Martin A1 - Bärmann, R. A1 - Frielinghaus, R. A1 - Kreschmar, F. A1 - Krogge, O. A1 - Langenberg, K. A1 - Maierhofer, Christiane A1 - Müller, W. A1 - Neisecke, J. A1 - Schickert, M. A1 - Schmitz, V. A1 - Wiggenhauser, Herbert A1 - Wollbold, F. ED - Schickert, G. T1 - Comparison of pulse-echo-methods for testing concrete T2 - International Symposium Non-Destructive Testing in Civil Engineering (NDT-CE) CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 1995-09-26 KW - Beton KW - Radar KW - Aufprallecho KW - Ultraschall KW - Prüfung PY - 1995 SN - 3-931381-02-1 N1 - Serientitel: BB / DGZfP – Series title: BB / DGZfP SP - 281 EP - 295 PB - DGZfP, Dt. Ges. für Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung e.V. CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-593 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiggenhauser, Herbert A1 - Krause, Martin A1 - Krieger, J. ED - Medlock, R. T1 - Tests and assessments of NDT methods for concrete bridges N2 - A research project is described involving a comparison of different non-destructive test methods for concrete bridges. A cooperative test series was started with the aim to compare and evaluate the performance and benefits of the latest technical developments in this field. For this purpose test specimens with localized defects were produced. Different modifications of radar, ultrasonic-echo and impact-echo methods were investigated. Including two- and three- dimensional reconstruction models. The experiments were accompanied by numerical simulation of the propagation of sound waves and microwaves. The results showed that the radar and the ultrasonic methods were efficient tools to locate the tendon ducts accurately if the reinforcing bars were not to narrowly spaced. The ultrasonic imaging methods were capable of identifying injection and compaction faults in a blind test. The good performance of the impact-echo method with regard to locating tendon ducts which was claimed in several publications could not be validated in the present investigations. The simulation models provided valuable information on how to improve the experimental test program and its evaluation. T2 - Structural materials technology III CY - San Antonio, TX, USA DA - 1998-03-31 KW - Non-destructive testing in civil engineering KW - concrete bridges KW - tendons KW - ducts KW - injection faults KW - compaction faults KW - round robin test KW - ultrasonic testing KW - pulse radar KW - impact-echo KW - reconstruction calculation KW - synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT) KW - magnetic stray field KW - ruptures in prestressing reinforcement PY - 1999 SN - 0-8194-2849-3 DO - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.300098 N1 - Serientitel: SPIE proceedings series – Series title: SPIE proceedings series VL - 3400 SP - 258 EP - 269 PB - SPIE CY - Bellingham, Wash. AN - OPUS4-829 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Ferrero, Fabio A1 - Schröder, Volkmar A1 - Acikalin, Hatice Aydan A1 - Steinbach, J. T1 - Modellazione del processo di autoaccensione del TFE KW - Convezione naturale (free convention) KW - Trasporto reattivo (reactive flow) KW - Reazione in fase gas (gas reaction) KW - Autoignizione (self-ignition) PY - 2011 SN - 0390-2358 N1 - Geburtsname von Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. - Birth name of Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. VL - 6 SP - 84 EP - 90 PB - ERIS CY - Milan AN - OPUS4-24094 LA - ita AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dengel, Jörg A1 - Wendler, Reinhold A1 - Denzer, Wolfgang A1 - Buchholz, Joachim A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Steinbach, J. A1 - Plewinsky, Bodo A1 - Hieronymus, Hartmut T1 - Explosions Near the Surface of Organic Liquids KW - Heterogeneous explosions KW - Detonation KW - Deflagration KW - Explosion ranges PY - 2005 SN - 0957-5820 SN - 1744-3598 N1 - Geburtsname von Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. - Birth name of Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. VL - 83 IS - B5 SP - 452 EP - 458 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-11176 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Krause, Heike A1 - Schröder, Volkmar A1 - Acikalin, Hatice Aydan A1 - Steinbach, J. T1 - Study of a self heating process of tetrafluoroethylene by the exothermic dimerization reaction to octafluorocyclobutane T2 - COMSOL Conference CY - Hannover, Germany DA - 2008-11-04 KW - Self heating KW - Free convection KW - Reactive flow KW - Gas reaction PY - 2008 SN - 978-09766792-8-8 N1 - Geburtsname von Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. - Birth name of Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. SP - 1 EP - 7 AN - OPUS4-18611 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chan, George C.-Y. A1 - Hieftje, Gary M. A1 - Omenetto, Nicoló A1 - Axner, Ove A1 - Bengtson, Arne A1 - Bings, Nicolas H. A1 - Blades, Michael W. A1 - Bogaerts, Annemie A1 - Bolshov, Mikhail A. A1 - Broekaert, José A.C. A1 - Chan, WingTat A1 - Costa-Fernández, José M. A1 - Crouch, Stanley R. A1 - De Giacomo, Alessandro A1 - D’Ulivo, Alessandro A1 - Engelhard, Carsten A1 - Falk, Heinz A1 - Farnsworth, Paul B. A1 - Florek, Stefan A1 - Gamez, Gerardo A1 - Gornushkin, Igor B. A1 - Günther, Detlef A1 - Hahn, David W. A1 - Hang, Wei A1 - Hoffmann, Volker A1 - Jakubowski, Norbert A1 - Karanassios, Vassili A1 - Koppenaal, David W. A1 - Kenneth Marcus, R. A1 - Noll, Reinhard A1 - Olesik, John W. A1 - Palleschi, Vincenzo A1 - Panne, Ulrich A1 - Pisonero, Jorge A1 - Ray, Steven J. A1 - Resano, Martín A1 - Russo, Richard E. A1 - Scheeline, Alexander A1 - Smith, Benjamin W. A1 - Sturgeon, Ralph E. A1 - Todolí, José-Luis A1 - Tognoni, Elisabetta A1 - Vanhaecke, Frank A1 - Webb, Michael R. A1 - Winefordner, James D. A1 - Yang, Lu A1 - Yu, Jin A1 - Zhang, Zhanxia T1 - Landmark Publications in Analytical Atomic Spectrometry: Fundamentals and Instrumentation Development N2 - The almost-two-centuries history of spectrochemical analysis has generated a body of literature so vast that it has become nearly intractable for experts, much less for those wishing to enter the field. Authoritative, focused reviews help to address this problem but become so granular that the overall directions of the field are lost. This broader perspective can be provided partially by general overviews but then the thinking, experimental details, theoretical underpinnings and instrumental innovations of the original work must be sacrificed. In the present compilation, this dilemma is overcome by assembling the most impactful publications in the area of analytical atomic spectrometry. Each entry was proposed by at least one current expert in the field and supported by a narrative that justifies its inclusion. The entries were then assembled into a coherent sequence and returned to contributors for a round-robin review. KW - Analytical atomic spectrometry KW - Spectroscopy KW - Instrumental analysis PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-621588 DO - https://doi.org/10.1177/00037028241263567 SN - 1943-3530 VL - 78 SP - 1 EP - 456 PB - Sage CY - London AN - OPUS4-62158 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Ferrero, Fabio A1 - Schröder, Volkmar A1 - Acikalin, Hatice Aydan A1 - Steinbach, J. T1 - Improvements in the modeling of the self ignition of tetrafluoroethylene N2 - In order to prevent incidents in the industrial production of Teflon® from Tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), the safety related aspects of the self-heating process of TFE must be taken into account. Simulations of this self heating process were performed with COMSOL Reaction Engineering Lab® and COMSOL® COMSOL Multiphysics®. A complex reaction net was employed, resulting in a model allows for a good agreement with experimentally achieved results. T2 - COMSOL Conference 2010 CY - Paris, France DA - 2010-11-17 KW - Heating KW - Free convection KW - Reactive flow KW - Gas reaction KW - Self ignition PY - 2010 N1 - Geburtsname von Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. - Birth name of Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. SP - 1 EP - 7 AN - OPUS4-24174 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ried, Peter A1 - Gaber, Martin A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Deubener, J. T1 - Hydrogen permeability of a barium-aluminoborosilicate glass - A methodical approach N2 - The H2 effusion from H2 saturated glass powders, H2 permeation through the wall of blown glass bulbs, and H2 permeation through the wall of glass capillaries were applied to evaluate the permeability of hydrogen gas in a barium-aluminoborosilicate (BABS) glass. To validate these methods, two commercial glasses (vitreous silica and borosilicate) were used as a reference. Permeation values obtained from the different experiments agreed within a factor of 3 or less. The H2 permeability of BABS glass at temperatures close to ambient was found to be at least 3 orders of magnitude below that of borosilicate and silica glasses. The powder method, which requires minimal sample preparation efforts, turned out to provide easy access to the measurement of H2 permeability of glasses down to P = 3.9 × 10- 21 mol s- 1 Pa- 1 m- 1. KW - Hydrogen gas KW - Permeability KW - Solubility KW - Diffusivity KW - Aluminoborosilicate glass PY - 2014 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2014.04.006 SN - 0022-3093 VL - 394-395 SP - 43 EP - 49 PB - North-Holland Publ. Co. CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-30720 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Williams, S. H. A1 - Hilger, A. A1 - Kardjilov, N. A1 - Manke, I. A1 - Strobl, M. A1 - Douissard, P.A. A1 - Martin, T. A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Banhart, J. T1 - Detection system for microimaging with neutrons N2 - A new high-resolution detector setup for neutron imaging has been developed based on infinity-corrected optics with high light collection, combined with customized mounting hardware. The system can easily be installed, handled and fitted to any existing facility, avoiding the necessity of complex optical systems or further improved electronics (CCD). This is the first time optical magnification higher than 1:1 has been used with scintillator-based neutron detectors, as well as the first implementation of infinity corrected optics for neutron imaging, achieving the smallest yet reported effective pixel size of 3.375 µm. A novel transparent crystal scintillator (GGG crystal) has been implemented with neutrons for the first time to overcome limitations of traditional powder scintillators (Li6/ZnS, Gadox). The standardized procedure for resolution measurements with the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) is summarized to facilitate comparison between instruments and facilities. Using this new detector setup, a resolution of 14.8 µm with a field of view of 6 mm × 6 mm has been achieved while maintaining reasonable count times. These advances open a wide range of new possible research applications and allow the potential for additional future developments. KW - Instrumentation for neutron sources KW - Neutron radiography KW - Neutron detectors (cold, thermal, fast neutrons) PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/7/02/P02014 SN - 1748-0221 VL - 7 IS - P02014 SP - 1 EP - 26 PB - Inst. of Physics Publ. CY - London AN - OPUS4-26433 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaczmarek, D. A1 - Albert, T. J. A1 - Munz, Martin A1 - Sturm, Heinz A1 - Bonse, Jörn T1 - Erratum: “Structure formation on the surface of indium phosphide irradiated by femtosecond laser pulses” [J. Appl. Phys. 97, 013538 (2005)] N2 - This erratum publishes some corrections to the article “Structure formation on the surface of indium phosphide irradiated by femtosecond laser pulses” [J. Appl. Phys. 97, 013538 (2005)]. PY - 2024 DO - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0222903 SN - 0021-8979 SN - 1089-7550 VL - 136 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 2 PB - American Institute of Physics CY - Melville, NY AN - OPUS4-60690 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sanchez-Martin, Pedro A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Toepel, J. A1 - Gorbushina, Anna T1 - An improved test for the evaluation of hydrocarbon degradation capacities of diesel-contaminating microorganisms N2 - The development of a test to evaluate the degradation of semi-volatile fuels as diesel by microorganisms is presented. This method is based on the principles described in the CEC-L-103 Standard procedure that is exclusively meant for testing the biodegradability of non-volatile lubricants. Therefore, significant modifications involve aseptic conditions for testing specific microorganisms and conducting the test in closed vessels avoiding evaporation losses, while fuel quantification using gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) is retained. It is suggested that the modified procedure should enable routine application for semi-volatile hydrocarbon-based fuels. GC-FID provides additionally valuable information on the alteration of fuel component patterns during biodegradation. The procedure was successfully tested using two bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Sphingomonas sp.) and two yeasts (Moesziomyces sp. and Candida sp.) isolated from real diesel contamination cases. All tested microorganisms caused a significant degradation of diesel fuel achieving hydrocarbon degradation percentages ranging from 23% to 35%. Specific aspects on the test modification and prospects for further modification regarding targeted investigations in the field of fuel contamination by microorganisms are briefly discussed. KW - Biofouling KW - Bacteria KW - Fungi KW - CEC-L-103 KW - GC-FID KW - Reference organisms PY - 2018 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2018.01.009 SN - 0964-8305 VL - 129 SP - 89 EP - 94 PB - Elsevier AN - OPUS4-44524 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Martin-Sanchez, Pedro Maria A1 - Gebhardt, Christopher A1 - Toepel, Jörg A1 - Barry, J. A1 - Munzke, N. A1 - Günster, Jens A1 - Gorbushina, Anna T1 - Monitoring microbial soiling in photovoltaic systems: A qPCR-based approach N2 - Soiling of photovoltaic (PV) systems compromises their performance causing a significant power loss and demanding periodical cleaning actions. This phenomenon raises great concerns in the solar energy field, thus leading to notable research efforts over the last decades. Soiling is caused by a dual action of dust deposition and biofouling. However, surprisingly, the microbiological contribution to PV soiling is often overlooked or underestimated. In this study, a variety of qPCR-based methods have been developed to quantify the microbial load of fungi, bacteria and phototrophs on PV panels. These protocols were evaluated by comparison with culturedependent methods, and were implemented with real solar plants for two years. The results show that the developed molecular methods are highly sensitive and reliable to monitor the microbial component of the soiling. Fungal biomass was clearly dominant in all analysed PV modules, while bacteria and phototrophs showed much lower abundance. Light microscopy and qPCR results revealed that melanised microcolonial fungi and phototrophs are the main biofilm-forming microorganisms on the studied solar panels. In particular, the fungal qPCR protocol is proposed as a useful tool for monitoring of PV soiling, and investigating the microbial contribution to specific soiling cases. KW - Solar panels KW - PV modules KW - Real-time qPCR KW - Bacteria KW - Fungi KW - Phototrophs PY - 2018 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2017.12.008 SN - 0964-8305 VL - 129 SP - 13 EP - 22 PB - Elsevier Science AN - OPUS4-43892 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - De Samber, B. A1 - Scharf, Oliver A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Garrevoet, J. A1 - Tack, P. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Evens, R. A1 - De Schamphelaere, K. A1 - Falkenberg, G. A1 - Janssen, C. A1 - Vincze, L. T1 - Three-dimensional X-ray fluorescence imaging modes for biological specimens using a full-field energy dispersive CCD camera N2 - Besides conventional scanning X-ray fluorescence imaging at synchrotron sources, full-field X-ray fluorescence (FF-XRF) imaging techniques that do not implicitly require spatial scanning of the sample have become available. FF-XRF has become achievable thanks to the development of a new type of energy dispersive CCD-based 2D detector, also referred to as a 'color X-ray camera (CXC)' or 'SLcam'. We report on different imaging schemes for biological samples using FF-XRF imaging: (a) 2D 'zoom' imaging with pinhole optics using the 'camera obscura' principle; (b) 2D 'fixed magnification' imaging using magnifying polycapillary optics; and (c) 3D-FF-XRF imaging using an X-ray sheet beam or computed tomography (CT). The different FF-XRF imaging modes are illustrated using the crustacean Daphnia magna, a model organism for investigating the effects of metals on organism/ecosystem health, and foraminifera, a class of amoeboid protist. Detailed analytical characterization of the set-up is performed through analyzing various reference materials in order to determine limits of detection (LODs) and sensitivities. Experiments were performed using the BAMline at the BESSY synchrotron (Berlin, Germany) and using the P06 Hard X-ray Microprobe at the PETRAIII synchrotron (Hamburg, Germany). KW - CXC KW - BAMline KW - Maia detector KW - Synchrotron PY - 2019 DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ja00198k VL - 34 IS - 10 SP - 2083 EP - 2093 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge, United Kingdom AN - OPUS4-49359 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Neumann, Patrick P. A1 - Kohlhoff, Harald A1 - Hüllmann, Dino A1 - Krentel, Daniel A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Dzierliński, M. A1 - Lilienthal, A. J. A1 - Bartholmai, Matthias T1 - Aerial-based gas tomography – from single beams to complex gas distributions N2 - In this paper, we present and validate the concept of an autonomous aerial robot to reconstruct tomographic 2D slices of gas plumes in outdoor environments. Our platform, the so-called Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Remote Gas Sensing (UAV-REGAS), combines a lightweight Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) gas sensor with a 3-axis aerial stabilization gimbal for aiming at a versatile octocopter. While the TDLAS sensor provides integral gas concentration measurements, it does not measure the distance traveled by the laser diode’s beam nor the distribution of gas along the optical path. Thus, we complement the set-up with a laser rangefinder and apply principles of Computed Tomography (CT) to create a model of the spatial gas distribution from a set of integral concentration measurements. To allow for a fundamental ground truth evaluation of the applied gas tomography algorithm, we set up a unique outdoor test environment based on two 3D ultrasonic anemometers and a distributed array of 10 infrared gas transmitters. We present results showing its performance characteristics and 2D plume reconstruction capabilities under realistic conditions. The proposed system can be deployed in scenarios that cannot be addressed by currently available robots and thus constitutes a significant step forward for the field of Mobile Robot Olfaction (MRO). KW - Aerial robot olfaction KW - Mobile robot olfaction KW - Gas tomography KW - TDLAS KW - Plume PY - 2019 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-487843 DO - https://doi.org/10.1080/22797254.2019.1640078 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - Taylor & Francis CY - London AN - OPUS4-48784 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmidt, Martin A1 - Wu, D. A1 - Berghmans, J. T1 - Spontaneous ignition behaviour of coal dust accumulations: A comparison of extrapolation methods from lab-scale to industrial-scale N2 - Smouldering fires and explosions arising from self-ignition of coal dust deposits represent a serious hazard for human being, environment and industry. It is essential for plant operators to know the conditions (temperature, duration and quantity) at which storage will be safe. In this work, self-ignition behaviour of three bituminous coal dusts in large scales are theoretically studied, based on the experimental data via a standardized hot-basket apparatus. A comprehensive 2-D transient model is developed, using a 2nd-order reaction kinetics considering both coal and oxygen consumptions, to investigate self-ignition parameters of coal dust accumulations. The numerical model shows a less conservative prediction compared with the steady-state methods. The computational self-ignition temperature and ignition delay time show a satisfaction agreement with lab-scale experimental results. In addition, the influences of ambient temperature and moisture content are analysed. The result shows that the moisture content delays the ignition and a small variation of the ambient temperature nearby the critical condition will lead to a large difference of the ignition delay time. KW - Spontanious ignition KW - Self-ignition KW - Extrapolation methods PY - 2019 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2018.05.140 SN - 1540-7489 VL - 37 IS - 3 SP - 4181 EP - 4191 PB - Elsevier AN - OPUS4-47291 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lenz, J. A1 - Pospiech, D. A1 - Paven, M. A1 - Albach, R. W. A1 - Günther, Martin A1 - Schartel, Bernhard A1 - Voit, B. T1 - Improving the Flame Retardance of Polyisocyanurate Foams by Dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepine 6-Oxide-Containing Additives N2 - A series of new flame retardants (FR) based on dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepine 6-oxide (BPPO) incorporating acrylates and benzoquinone were developed previously. In this study, we examine the fire behavior of the new flame retardants in polyisocyanurate (PIR) foams. The foam characteristics, thermal decomposition, and fire behavior are investigated. The fire properties of the foams containing BPPO-based derivatives were found to depend on the chemical structure of the substituents. We also compare our results to state-of-the-art non-halogenated FR such as triphenylphosphate and chemically similar phosphinate, i.e. 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10- phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO), based derivatives to discuss the role of the phosphorus oxidation state. KW - Polyisocyanurate KW - Dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepine 6-oxide KW - Phospha-Michael addition KW - Flame retardant KW - Foams PY - 2019 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-485590 DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11081242 SN - 2073-4360 VL - 11 IS - 8 SP - Article 1242 PB - MDPI AN - OPUS4-48559 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Constantinescu, B. A1 - Bugoi, R. A1 - Cojocaru, V. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Calligaro, T. A1 - Salomon, J. A1 - Pichon, L. A1 - Röhrs, S. A1 - Ceccato, D. A1 - Oberländer-Târnoveanu, E. A1 - Ionescu, C. A1 - Pop, D. T1 - Dacian bracelets and Transylvanian gold: ancient history and modern analyses KW - SRXRF KW - Gold KW - Archaeometrie KW - Authentication KW - Provenance KW - XRF KW - Micro-PIXE KW - Micro SR-XRF KW - Or KW - Authentification KW - FX PY - 2009 SN - 0399-1237 VL - 33 SP - 221 EP - 225 PB - Groupe CY - Rennes AN - OPUS4-23172 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lilensten, L. A1 - Provost, K. A1 - Perrière, L. A1 - Fonda, E. A1 - Couzinié, J. A1 - Amman, F. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Dirras, G. A1 - Guillot, I. T1 - Experimental investigation of the local environment and lattice distortion in refractory medium entropy alloys N2 - EXAFS analysis of pure elements, binary and ternary equiatomic refractory alloys within the Nb-Zr-Ti-Hf- Ta system is performed at the Nb and Zr K-edges to analyze the evolution of the chemical local environ- ment and the lattice distortion. A good mixing of the elements is found at the atomic scale. For some compounds, a distribution of distances between the central atom and its neighbors suggests a distortion of the structure. Finally, analysis of the Debye-Waller parameters shows some correlation with the lat- tice distortion parameter δ², and allows to quantify experimentally the static disorder in medium entropy alloys. KW - BAMline KW - Refractory alloys KW - EXAFS KW - Debye-Waller parameter PY - 2022 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2022.114532 SN - 1359-6462 VL - 211 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - Elsevier Ltd. AN - OPUS4-55287 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Reiche, I. A1 - Berger, Achim A1 - Görner, Wolf A1 - Merchel, Silke A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Riederer, J. A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich T1 - Dürer's chemischer Fingerprint - Untersuchungen mittels Synchrotron-induzierter Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse T2 - 5. Erfurter Fachtage für Konservierung und Restaurierung CY - Erfurt, Germany DA - 2002-11-28 PY - 2002 AN - OPUS4-2123 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kaiser, J. A1 - Szczerba, Wojciech A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Albrecht, M. A1 - Lu, Y. A1 - Ballauff, M. T1 - The structure of AuPd nanoalloys anchored on spherical polyelectrolyte brushes determined by x-ray absorption spectroscopy N2 - Well-defined and facetted bimetallic gold–palladium nanoalloys have been synthesized and anchored in spherical polyelectrolyte brushes (SPB) as composite particles (AuPd@SPB). These particles are better catalysts in aqueous phase than the pure metals. The atomistic arrangement of these nanoalloys has been analysed by extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy at the Au–L3 and the Pd–K absorption edge. The samples with high amounts of gold appear as almost statistically mixed random alloys. Alloy compositions with less gold show slight enrichment of Pd at the surface of the particle. In addition, signals of non-metallic palladium appear at the Pd–K edge which indicate the presence of the Pd2+ species in addition to metallic palladium. The relation of these structural features to the catalytic activity is discussed. KW - EXAFS KW - Nanoalloys KW - Gold KW - Palladium KW - K-edge KW - L3-edge KW - HR-TEM KW - Synchrotron radiation KW - BAMline PY - 2013 DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c3fd20132e SN - 1359-6640 SN - 1364-5498 VL - 162 SP - 45 EP - 55 PB - Soc. CY - Cambridge [u.a.] AN - OPUS4-28300 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reiche, I. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Berger, Achim A1 - Görner, Wolf A1 - Ketelsen, T. A1 - Merchel, Silke A1 - Riederer, J. A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Roth, M. T1 - Spatially resolved synchrotron-induced X-ray fluorescence analyses of metal point drawings and their mysterious inscriptions N2 - Synchrotron-induced X-ray fluorescence (Sy-XRF) analysis was used to study the chemical composition of precious Renaissance silverpoint drawings. Drawings by famous artists such as Albrecht Dürer (1471–1528) and Jan van Eyck (approximately 1395–1441) must be investigated non-destructively. Moreover, extremely sensitive synchrotron- or accelerator-based techniques are needed since only small quantities of silver are deposited on the paper. New criteria for attributing these works to a particular artist could be established based on the analysis of the chemical composition of the metal points used. We illustrate how analysis can give new art historical information by means of two case studies. Two particular drawings, one of Albrecht Dürer, showing a profile portrait of his closest friend, “Willibald Pirckheimer” (1503), and a second one attributed to Jan van Eyck, showing a “Portrait of an elderly man”, often named “Niccolò Albergati”, are the object of intense art historical controversy. Both drawings show inscriptions next to the figures. Analyses by Sy-XRF could reveal the same kind of silverpoint for the Pirckheimer portrait and its mysterious Greek inscription, contrary to the drawing by Van Eyck where at least three different metal points were applied. Two different types of silver marks were found in this portrait. Silver containing gold marks were detected in the inscriptions and over-subscriptions. This is the first evidence of the use of gold points for metal point drawings in the Middle Ages. KW - Sy-XRF analysis KW - Drawing KW - Metal point KW - Albrecht Dürer KW - Jan van Eyck KW - Renaissance PY - 2004 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2004.07.023 SN - 0584-8547 SN - 0038-6987 VL - 59 IS - 10-11 SP - 1657 EP - 1662 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-4575 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Constantinescu, B. A1 - Bugoi, R. A1 - Cojocaru, V. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Calligaro, T. A1 - Salomon, J. A1 - Pichon, L. A1 - Röhrs, S. A1 - Ceccato, D. A1 - Oberländer-Târnoveanu, E. T1 - Micro-SR-XRF and micro-PIXE studies for archaeological gold identification - The case of Carpathian (Transylvanian) gold and of Dacian bracelets N2 - Trace-elements are more significant for provenancing archaeological metallic artifacts than the main components. For gold, the most promising elements are platinum group elements (PGE), Sn, Te, Sb, Hg and Pb. Several small fragments of natural Transylvanian gold – placer and primary – were studied by using micro-PIXE technique at the Legnaro National Laboratory AN2000 microbeam facility, Italy and at the AGLAE accelerator, C2RMF, Paris, France and by using micro synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (micro-SR-XRF) at BESSY synchrotron, Berlin, Germany. The goal of the study was to identify the trace-elements, especially Sn, Sb and Te. A spectacular application to five Dacian gold bracelets authentication is presented (Sn and Sb traces). KW - Micro-PIXE KW - Micro-SR-XRF KW - Gold KW - Dacian bracelets KW - Transylvania PY - 2008 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2008.03.054 SN - 0168-583X SN - 1872-9584 VL - 266 IS - 10 SP - 2325 EP - 2328 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-17736 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Merchel, Silke A1 - Berger, Achim A1 - Görner, Wolf A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Reiche, I. A1 - Riederer, J. A1 - Duval, A. A1 - Guicharnaud, H. T1 - Non-Destructive Investigations of Dürer's Silver Point Drawings by Pixe and SY-XRF T2 - 7th International Conference on Non-destructive testing and Microanalysis for the Diagnostics and Conservation of the Cultural and Environmental Heritage ; art 2002 CY - Antwerp, Belgium DA - 2002-06-02 PY - 2002 UR - http://srs.dl.ac.uk/arch/publications/reiche/reiche_fullcorr.pdf SP - 82 AN - OPUS4-1400 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Achim A1 - Görner, Wolf A1 - Merchel, Silke A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Reiche, I. A1 - Riederer, J. T1 - Non-destructive investigations of Dürer's silver point drawings by Sy-XRF PY - 2002 UR - http://www.helmholtz-berlin.de/media/media/oea/web/pr_webseite/druckschriften/berichte/bessy/annualreport2001.pdf#page=292 SN - 0179-4159 SP - 292 EP - 293 PB - Berliner Elektronenspeicherring-Gesellschaft für Synchrotronstrahlung CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-1324 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Achim A1 - Görner, Wolf A1 - Merchel, Silke A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Reiche, I. A1 - Riederer, J. T1 - A closer look at Albrecht Dürer's drawings (1471-1528) PY - 2002 UR - http://www.helmholtz-berlin.de/media/media/oea/web/pr_webseite/druckschriften/infos/bessy/highlights2001.pdf#page=32 SN - 0179-4159 SP - 32 EP - 33 PB - Berliner Elektronenspeicherring-Gesellschaft für Synchrotronstrahlung CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-1323 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rodrigues, M. A1 - Schreiner, M. A1 - Melcher, M. A1 - Guerra, M. A1 - Salomon, J. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Alram, M. A1 - Schindel, N. T1 - Characterization of the silver coins of the Hoard of Becin by x-ray based methods N2 - Four hundred sixteen silver coins stemming from the Ottoman Empire (16th and 17th centuries) were analyzed in order to confirm the fineness of the coinage as well as to study the provenance of the alloy used for the coins. As most of the coins showed the typical green patina on their surfaces due to corrosion processes which have led to the depletion of copper in the near-surface domains of the silver coins in comparison to their core composition, small samples by cutting splinters from the coins had to be taken, embedded in synthetic resin and cross-sectioned in order to investigate the true-heart metal composition. The type of the alloy was investigated as well as if coins minted in different locations demonstrated homogeneous traits concerning the predominant impurities which could suggest a common ore. Several X-ray based techniques (µ-XRF, µ-SRXRF and µ-PIXE) could be applied in order to determine the silver contents as well as the minor and trace elements. Finally, SEM/EDX was applied in order to study the homogeneity/heterogeneity of the coins and the presence of surface enrichments. In general, the silver content of the analyzed specimen varies between 90% and 95%. These outcomes have not supported the historical interpretations, which predict that during the period studied a debasement of approximately 44% of the silver content of the coins should have occurred. KW - PIXE KW - SRXRF KW - SEM/EDX KW - Silver coins PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2011.04.068 SN - 0168-583X SN - 1872-9584 VL - 269 IS - 24 SP - 3041 EP - 3045 PB - Elsevier B.V. CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-25289 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiche, I. A1 - Berger, Achim A1 - Duval, A. A1 - Görner, Wolf A1 - Guicharnaud, H. A1 - Merchel, Silke A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Riederer, J. A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich T1 - Traces of Albrecht Dürer: Non-destructive analyses of Renaissance silverpoint drawings KW - Nuclear industry KW - Nuclear medicine PY - 2004 SN - 92-0-114703-1 SN - 0074-1876 IS - 1181 SP - 138 EP - 142 PB - IAEA CY - Vienna AN - OPUS4-5548 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiche, I. A1 - Berger, Achim A1 - Duval, A. A1 - Görner, Wolf A1 - Guicharnaud, H. A1 - Merchel, Silke A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Riederer, J. A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Roth, M. ED - Röhrs, S. T1 - Auf den Spuren Albrecht Dürers - Zerstörungsfreie Untersuchung von Silberstiftzeichnungen mittels Mikro-PIXE und Synchrotron-induzierter Mikro-RFA T2 - Jahrestagung 2003 im Ethnologischen Museum Berlin-Dahlem CY - Berlin, Deutschland DA - 2003-03-12 PY - 2003 SN - 3-00-014223-1 SN - 0949-4057 SP - 118 EP - 120 CY - [Frankfurt am Main] AN - OPUS4-2356 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Berger, Achim A1 - Görner, Wolf A1 - Merchel, Silke A1 - Reiche, I. A1 - Riederer, J. A1 - Riesemeier, H. T1 - Spatial Resolved Trace Analysis of Dürer's Silver Point Drawings by Means of SR-XRF T2 - European Conference on Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometry (EDXRS) CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2002-06-16 PY - 2002 SP - 158 AN - OPUS4-1397 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiche, I. A1 - Berger, Achim A1 - Buck, St. A1 - Görner, Wolf A1 - Ketelsen, Th. A1 - Merchel, Silke A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Riederer, J. A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich T1 - BAMline meets Dürer and van Eyck - Multi-disciplinary investigation of Renaissance silver point drawings by µ-SR-XRF N2 - - http://www.bessy.de/publications/05.annual_reports/files/AnnualReport2002.pdf - PY - 2003 UR - http://www.helmholtz-berlin.de/media/media/oea/web/pr_webseite/druckschriften/berichte/bessy/annualreport2002.pdf#page=416 SN - 0179-4159 SP - 416 EP - 418 PB - Berliner Elektronenspeicherring-Gesellschaft für Synchrotronstrahlung CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-2496 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reiche, I. A1 - Berger, Achim A1 - Merchel, Silke A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Görner, Wolf A1 - Riederer, J. A1 - Roth, M. ED - Simionovici, A. T1 - BAMline meets Dürer and Van Eyck - Spatially resolved SR-XRF analyses of silver point drawings and their mysterious inscriptions T2 - 17th International Conference on X-Ray Optics and Microanalysis ; 17th ICXOM CY - Chamonix, France DA - 2003-09-22 PY - 2003 N1 - Serientitel: Spectrochimica acta : Part B, Atomic spectroscopy – Series title: Spectrochimica acta : Part B, Atomic spectroscopy IS - 59.2004,10/11 SP - 48 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-2690 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reiche, I. A1 - Berger, Achim A1 - Görner, Wolf A1 - Merchel, Silke A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Riederer, J. A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich T1 - Silberstiftzeichnungen - Zerstörungsfreie Spurenanalyse mit Synchrotronstrahlung T2 - 10. IADA-Kongress (Internationale Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Archiv-, Bibliotheks- und Graphikrestauratoren) CY - Göttingen, Deutschland DA - 2003-09-21 PY - 2003 SN - 1563-2628 VL - 4 PB - Foto Text Verl. CY - Stuttgart AN - OPUS4-2663 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Reiche, I. A1 - Berger, Achim A1 - Duval, A. A1 - Görner, Wolf A1 - Guicharnaud, H. A1 - Merchel, Silke A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Riederer, J. A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Roth, M. ED - Marabelli, M. ED - Tabaso, M. T1 - Spatially resolved SR-XRF analyses of complex drawings of the Holbein family T2 - 8th International Conference on "Non-Destructive Investigations and Microanalysis for the Diagnostics and Conservation of the Cultural and Environmental Heritage" CY - Lecce, Italy DA - 2005-05-15 KW - X-ray spectrometry KW - XRF KW - Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse KW - RFA KW - Silverpoint drawing KW - Silberstiftzeichnung PY - 2005 SP - 7 pages PB - Italian Society of Non Destructive Testing CY - Lecce AN - OPUS4-7677 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reiche, I. A1 - Berger, Achim A1 - Görner, Wolf A1 - Merchel, Silke A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Riederer, J. A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Roth, M. T1 - Following the traces of Albrecht Dürer: analysis of silverpoint drawings by spatially resolved synchrotron-induced X-ray fluorescence analysis N2 - Spatially resolved X-ray fluorescence analysis using synchrotron radiation (SR-XRF) at the wavelength shifter beamline, BAMline, at BESSY was used to investigate Renaissance silverpoint drawings as it is extremely sensitive, non-destructive and can be carried out in air using an excitation spot in the hundred micrometer range. This paper deals with first results of the study of silverpoint drawings of Albrecht Dürer (1471–1528) belonging to the sketchbook that Albrecht Dürer used during a travel to the Netherlands in 1520/21. These results are compared to a PIXE study performed on drawings from the same sketchbook. The minor element composition of the silverpoint used for the drawings in the sketchbook was (10.6 ± 3.5) wt.% of Cu and traces of Zn. Mercury was found in the marks but does not belong to the initial composition of the silverpoint as it is attributed to an alteration phenomenon. One drawing of the sketchbook represents an exception. It consists of silver marks containing an additional minor element, Zn, in the marks and was, therefore, created with another silverpoint, probably at a different time than the other drawings. KW - Synchrotron KW - SR-XRF analysis KW - Drawing KW - Silverpoint KW - Albrecht Dürer PY - 2004 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2004.03.081 SN - 0168-583X SN - 1872-9584 VL - 226 IS - 1-2 SP - 83 EP - 91 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-4574 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiche, I. A1 - Berger, Achim A1 - Bevers, H. A1 - Dupuis, G. A1 - Duval, A. A1 - Görner, Wolf A1 - Guicharnaud, H. A1 - Merchel, Silke A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Riederer, J. A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Roth, M. T1 - Spatially resolved SR-XRF analyses of complex drawings by the Holbein family and silverpoint drawings by Rembrandt KW - X-ray spectrometry KW - XRF KW - Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse KW - RFA KW - Silverpoint drawing KW - Silberstiftzeichnung PY - 2005 UR - http://www.helmholtz-berlin.de/media/media/oea/web/pr_webseite/druckschriften/berichte/bessy/annualreport2004.pdf#page=491 SN - 0179-4159 SP - 491 EP - 493 PB - Berliner Elektronenspeicherring-Gesellschaft für Synchrotronstrahlung CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-7380 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wilde, L. A1 - Radnik, J. A1 - Schneider, M. A1 - Herein, D. A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - In situ TEY cell for XAS measurements at the BAMline PY - 2004 UR - http://www.helmholtz-berlin.de/media/media/oea/web/pr_webseite/druckschriften/berichte/bessy/annualreport2003.pdf#page=283 SN - 0179-4159 SP - 283 EP - 285 PB - Berliner Elektronenspeicherring-Gesellschaft für Synchrotronstrahlung CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-3508 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reiche, I. A1 - Berger, Achim A1 - Duval, A. A1 - Görner, Wolf A1 - Merchel, Silke A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Riederer, J. A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich T1 - Metallstiftzeichnungen Albrecht Dürers KW - Synchrotron KW - XRF analysis KW - Drawings KW - Archaeometry KW - Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse (RFA) KW - Zeichnungen KW - Archäometrie KW - Albrecht Dürer PY - 2004 SN - 1563-2628 VL - 5 IS - 2 SP - 30 EP - 38 PB - Foto Text Verl. CY - Stuttgart AN - OPUS4-3570 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Görner, Wolf A1 - Berger, Achim A1 - Merchel, Silke A1 - Pernicka, E. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reiche, I. A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Riederer, J. A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Wunderlich, C. H. T1 - Kunst- und Kulturgüter unter "Beschuss" T2 - Jahrestagung Zerstörungsfreie Materialprüfung 2004 CY - Salzburg, Österreich DA - 2004-05-17 KW - SY-RFA KW - PIXE KW - PIGE KW - PAA KW - Zerstörungsfreie Analyse KW - Silberstiftzeichnungen KW - Himmelsscheibe von Nebra KW - Indische Moghulmalereien PY - 2004 UR - http://www.ndt.net/article/dgzfp04/papers/p46/p46.htm SN - 3-931381-55-2 SP - 1(?) EP - 11(?) PB - DGZfP CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-6897 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiche, I. A1 - Berger, Achim A1 - Duval, A. A1 - Görner, Wolf A1 - Guicharnaud, H. A1 - Merchel, Silke A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Riederer, J. A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Roth, M. ED - Denker, A. ED - Adriaens, A. ED - Dowsett, M. ED - Giumlia-Mair, A. T1 - Synchrotron radiation and protons on the traces of famous artists - Non-destructive analyses of silverpoint drawings by Albrecht Dürer KW - X-ray spectrometry KW - XRF KW - Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse KW - RFA KW - Silverpoint drawing KW - Silberstiftzeichnung PY - 2006 SN - 3-8167-7178-5 SP - 91 EP - 101 PB - Fraunhofer-IRB-Verl. CY - Stuttgart AN - OPUS4-14190 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brücher, M. A1 - von Bohlen, A. A1 - Jacob, P. A1 - Franzke, J. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Müller, Bernd R. A1 - Scharf, Oliver A1 - Hergenröder, R. T1 - The charge of solid-liquid interfaces measured by X-ray standing waves and streaming current N2 - Measurements of ion distributions at a charged solid–liquid interface using X-ray standing waves (XSW) are presented. High energy synchrotron radiation (17.48 keV) is used to produce an XSW pattern inside a thin water film on a silicon wafer. The liquid phase is an aqueous solution containing Br and Rb ions. The surface charge is adjusted by titration. Measurements are performed over a pH range from 2.2–9, using the native Si oxide layer and functional (amine) groups as surface charge. The Debye length, indicating the extension of the diffuse layer, could be measured with values varying between 1–4 nm. For functionalized wafers, the pH dependent change from attraction to repulsion of an ion species could be detected, indicating the isoelectric point. In combination with the measurement of the streaming current, the surface charge of the sample could be quantified. KW - Interfacial charge KW - Solid/liquid interfaces KW - Surface analysis KW - Surface functionalization KW - X-ray spectrometry KW - X-ray KW - Standing waves KW - XSW KW - Streaming current KW - Synchrotron radiation PY - 2010 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/cphc.201000166 SN - 1439-4235 SN - 1439-7641 VL - 11 IS - 10 SP - 2118 EP - 2123 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-22057 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nikolic, Nela A1 - Dal Co, Alma A1 - Kiviet, Daniel J. A1 - Bergmiller, Tobias A1 - Littmann, Sten A1 - Kuypers, Marcel M. M. A1 - Ackermann, Martin A1 - Schreiber, Frank T1 - Cell-to-cell variation and specialization in sugar metabolism in clonal bacterial populations N2 - While we have good understanding of bacterial metabolism at the population level, we know little about the metabolic behavior of individual cells: do single cells in clonal populations sometimes specialize on different metabolic pathways? Such metabolic specialization could be driven by stochastic gene expression and could provide individual cells with growth benefits of specialization. We measured the degree of phenotypic specialization in two parallel metabolic pathways, the assimilation of glucose and arabinose. We grew Escherichia coli in chemostats, and used isotope-labeled sugars in combination with nanometer-scale secondary ion mass spectrometry and mathematical modeling to quantify sugar assimilation at the single-cell level. We found large variation in metabolic activities between single cells, both in absolute assimilation and in the degree to which individual cells specialize in the assimilation of different sugars. Analysis of transcriptional reporters indicated that this variation was at least partially based on cell-to-cell variation in gene expression. Metabolic differences between cells in clonal populations could potentially reduce metabolic incompatibilities between different pathways, and increase the rate at which parallel reactions can be performed. KW - Metabolism KW - Escherichia coli KW - Phenotypic diversity KW - Phenotypic heterogeneity PY - 2017 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-438873 UR - http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1007122 DO - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1007122 SN - 1553-7404 VL - 13 IS - 12 SP - e1007122, 1 EP - e1007122, 24 PB - Public Library of Science CY - Cambridge, United Kingdom AN - OPUS4-43887 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rodrigues, M. A1 - Schreiner, M. A1 - Mäder, M. A1 - Melcher, M. A1 - Guerra, M. A1 - Salomon, J. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Alram, M. A1 - Schindel, N. T1 - The hoard of Becin - non-destructive analysis of the silver coins N2 - We report the results of an analytical investigation on 416 silver-copper coins stemming from the Ottoman Empire (end of 16th and beginning of 17th centuries), using synchrotron micro X-ray fluorescence analysis (SRXRF). In the past, analyses had already been conducted with energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis (EDXRF), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM/EDX) and proton induced X-ray emission spectroscopy (PIXE).With this combination of techniques it was possible to confirm the fineness of the coinage as well as to study the provenance of the alloy used for the coins. For the interpretation of the data statistical analysis (principal component analysis—PCA) has been performed. A definite local assignment was explored and significant clustering was obtained regarding the minor and trace elements composing the coin alloys. KW - SRXRF KW - Silber KW - Archaeometrie PY - 2010 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-010-5627-y SN - 0947-8396 VL - 99 IS - 2 SP - 351 EP - 356 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-23170 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rodrigues, M. A1 - Schreiner, M. A1 - Melcher, M. A1 - Guerra, M. A1 - Salomon, J. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Alram, M. A1 - Schindel, N. T1 - Analysis of the hoard of Becin using X-ray-based techniques N2 - Four hundred and sixteen silver coins stemming from the Ottoman Empire (16th and 17th centuries) were analyzed to confirm the fineness of the coinage as well as to study the provenance of the alloy used for the coins. As most of the coins showed the typical green patina on their surfaces due to corrosion processes that have led to the depletion of copper in the near surface domains of the silver coins in comparison to their core composition, small samples had to be taken, embedded in synthetic resin, and cross sectioned to investigate the true-heart metal composition. µ-synchrotron micro X-ray fluorescence analysis and µ-proton-induced X-ray emission were applied to determine the silver contents as well as the minor and trace elements. The type of the alloy was investigated as well as if coins minted in different locations demonstrated homogeneous traits concerning the predominant impurities (Au and Bi), which could suggest a common ore. Finally, energy-dispersive microanalysis in a scanning electron microscope was applied to study the homogeneity/heterogeneity of the coins and the presence of surface enrichments and to explain differences between the µ-synchrotron micro X-ray fluorescence analysis and µ-proton-induced X-ray emission measurements concerning the main component. In general, the silver content of the analyzed specimen varies between 90 and 95%. These outcomes have not supported the historical interpretations, which predict that during the period studied, a debasement of approximately 44% of the silver content of the coins should have occurred. KW - SRXRF KW - Silber KW - BAMline PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/xrs.2415 SN - 0049-8246 VL - 41 IS - 6 SP - 416 EP - 424 PB - Wiley CY - Chichester AN - OPUS4-27723 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Margreiter, R. A1 - Baumann, J. A1 - Mantouvalou, I. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Strub, E. T1 - Investigations on fire-gilding N2 - Fire-gilding is a historic technique for the application of golden layers on a number of different base materials utilizing a gold amalgam. This technique leaves a significant amount of Hg in the golden layer, giving archeometrists a reliable indicator to identify firegildings. Recent findings on presumably fire-gilded objects have shown in several cases significantly lower Hg content than previously studied objects. This prompted a synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence investigation into the Hg distribution along the material–gilding interface, as well as a series of measurements regarding the Hg content development in fire-gilded samples during artificial aging. This work presents findings on laboratory-prepared fire-gildings, indicating an Hg enrichment at the interface of firegilded silver samples. Notably, such an enrichment is missing in fire-gilded copper samples. Further, it is confirmed that fire-gilded layers typically do not undercut an Hg bulk content of 5%. In this light, it seems improbable that ancient samples that contain <5% Hg are fire-gilded. The results presented in this study might lead to a non-destructive method to identify the Hg enrichment at the interface. This might be obtained by a combination of different non-destructive measurements and might also work unambiguously in samples in which the gold top layer is altered. KW - BAMline KW - X-Ray Fluorescence KW - Gilding KW - Depth profile KW - Archaeometry PY - 2022 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-552885 DO - https://doi.org/10.1111/arcm.12797 SN - 0003-813X SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Wiley online library AN - OPUS4-55288 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Huang, Junhao A1 - Klahn, Marcus A1 - Tian, Xinxin A1 - Bartling, Stephan A1 - Zimina, Anna A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Rockstroh, Nils A1 - Naliwajko, Pawel A1 - Steinfeldt, Norbert A1 - Peppel, Tim A1 - Grunwaldt, Jan‐Dierk A1 - Logsdail, Andrew J. A1 - Jiao, Haijun A1 - Strunk, Jennifer T1 - Fundamental Structural and Electronic Understanding of Palladium Catalysts on Nitride and Oxide Supports N2 - The nature of the support can fundamentally affect the function of a heterogeneous catalyst. For the novel type of isolated metal atom catalysts, sometimes referred to as single‐atom catalysts, systematic correlations are still rare. Here, we report a general finding that Pd on nitride supports (non‐metal and metal nitride) features a higher oxidation state compared to that on oxide supports (non‐metal and metal oxide). Through thorough oxidation state investigations by X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), CO‐DRIFTS, and density functional theory (DFT) coupled with Bader charge analysis, it is found that Pd atoms prefer to interact with surface hydroxyl group to form a Pd(OH)x species on oxide supports, while on nitride supports, Pd atoms incorporate into the surface structure in the form of Pd−N bonds. Moreover, a correlation was built between the formal oxidation state and computational Bader charge, based on the periodic trend in electronegativity. KW - BAmline KW - XANES KW - Catalyst PY - 2024 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-608341 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202400174 SN - 1433-7851 VL - 63 IS - 20 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Wiley AN - OPUS4-60834 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fortes Martin, R. A1 - Thünemann, Andreas A1 - Stockmann, Jörg Manfred A1 - Radnik, Jörg A1 - Koetz, J. T1 - From Nanoparticle Heteroclusters to Filament Networks by Self-Assembly at the Water–Oil Interface of Reverse Microemulsions N2 - Surface self-assembly of spherical nanoparticles of sizes below 10 nm into hierarchical heterostructures is under arising development despite the inherent difficulties of obtaining complex ordering patterns on a larger scale. Due to template-mediated interactions between oil-dispersible superparamagnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and polyethylenimine-stabilized gold nanoparticles (Au(PEI)NPs) at the water–oil interface of microemulsions, complex nanostructured films can be formed. Characterization of the reverse microemulsion phase by UV–vis absorption revealed the formation of heteroclusters from Winsor type II phases (WPII) using Aerosol-OT (AOT) as the surfactant. SAXS measurements verify the mechanism of initial nanoparticle clustering in defined dimensions. XPS suggested an influence of AOT at the MNP surface. Further, cryo-SEM and TEM visualization demonstrated the elongation of the reverse microemulsions into cylindrical, wormlike structures, which subsequently build up larger nanoparticle superstructure arrangements. Such WPII phases are thus proven to be a new form of soft template, mediating the self-assembly of different nanoparticles in hierarchical network-like filaments over a substrate during solvent evaporation. KW - Small-angle X-ray scattering KW - SAXS KW - Nanoparticle KW - Nano structure PY - 2021 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01348 VL - 37 IS - 29 SP - 8876 EP - 8885 PB - American Chemical Society AN - OPUS4-53034 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Krause, Martin A1 - Kurz, J.H. A1 - Lanata, F. A1 - Krstevska, L. A1 - Cavalli, A. T1 - Needs for further developing monitoring- and NDT-methods for timber structures N2 - For the assessmentand for monitoring of timber structures there are numerous promising methods that enable the quantitative description of the current condition of construction elements or parts of a structure. This concerns material properties like modulus of elasticity, moisture content and density as well as structural properties like dynamic characteristics, localization of inhomogeneities, cracks, and biological attack. During the work in COST Action FP 1101, since 2012 the capability of experimental methods are discussed and compared. This covers electrical and electromagnetic wave methods (resistivity, microwave, Radar, X-Ray), elastic waves (ultrasound, pile testing) and mechanical testing (static and dynamic). Describing and collecting the use of the experimental methods for monitoring purposes was the objective of working group 3 "Monitoring of Timber Structures" of the COST Action. Monitoring capabilities will extend the use of timber structures to further applications in civil engineering. So far, no standard exists but collections of application examples and review papers representing the state of the art. From there needs for further developments regarding monitoring and NDT methods for timber structures can be identified and these are described in this paper. T2 - SHATIS 2015 - 3rd International conference on structural health assessment of timber structures CY - Wroclaw, Poland DA - 09.09.2015 KW - Holz Konstruktionen KW - Monitoring KW - Langzeitverhalten KW - Erdbebensicherheit KW - Historische Bauwerke KW - Ultrasonic echo imaging KW - Historical timber structures KW - Seismic investigation KW - Dynamic tests KW - Anisotropic wave propagation KW - Extending service life PY - 2015 VL - 1 SP - 1 EP - 12 AN - OPUS4-35178 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kuhne, Maren A1 - Dippong, Martin A1 - Flemig, Sabine A1 - Hoffmann, Katrin A1 - Petsch, K. A1 - Schenk, J.A. A1 - Kunte, Hans-Jörg A1 - Schneider, Rudolf T1 - Comparative characterization of mAb producing hapten-specific hybridoma cells by flow cytometric analysis and ELISA N2 - A novel method that optimizes the screening for antibody-secreting hapten-specific hybridoma cells by using flow cytometry is described. Cell clones specific for five different haptens were analyzed. We selectively double stained and analyzed fixed hybridoma cells with fluorophore-labeled haptens to demonstrate the target-selectivity, and with a fluorophore-labeled anti-mouse IgG antibody to characterize the level of surface expression of membrane-bound IgGs. ELISA measurements with the supernatants of the individual hybridoma clones revealed that antibodies from those cells, which showed the highest fluorescence intensities in the flow cytometric analysis, also displayed the highest affinities for the target antigens. The fluorescence intensity of antibody-producing cells corresponded well with the produced antibodies' affinities toward their respective antigens. Immunohistochemical staining verified the successful double labeling of the cells. Our method makes it possible to perform a high-throughput screening for hybridoma cells, which have both an adequate IgG production rate and a high target affinity. KW - Immunization KW - Hapten KW - Monoclonal antibodies KW - Hybridoma KW - Flow cytometry KW - ELISA KW - Estradiol KW - Estrone KW - Digoxigenin KW - Zearalenone KW - Aflatoxin KW - CLSM PY - 2014 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jim.2014.07.004 SN - 0022-1759 SN - 1872-7905 VL - 413 SP - 45 EP - 56 PB - Elsevier B.V. CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-32322 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gardei, André A1 - Garcia, O. A1 - Riedl, Martin A1 - Vanhellemond, I. A1 - Suput, J.S. A1 - Santarelli, M.-L. A1 - Rodríguez-Maribona, I. A1 - Müller, Urs ED - Jadwiga W. Lukaszewicz, ED - Piotr Niemcewicz, T1 - Performance and durability of a new antigraffiti system for cultural heritage - the EC project GRAFFITAGE T2 - 11th International Congress on Deterioration and Conservation of Stone CY - Torun, Poland DA - 2008-09-15 KW - Cultural heritage KW - Antigraffiti system KW - Sandstone KW - Limestone KW - Brick KW - Monument KW - Cleaning KW - Historische Baustoffe PY - 2008 SN - 978-83-231-2237-1 VL - II SP - 889 EP - 897 PB - Nicolaus Copernicus University Press CY - Torun, Poland AN - OPUS4-18844 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krause, Martin A1 - Milmann, Boris A1 - Mielentz, Frank A1 - Streicher, Doreen A1 - Redmer, Bernhard A1 - Mayer, K. A1 - Langenberg, K.-J. A1 - Schickert, M. T1 - Ultrasonic Imaging Methods for Investigation of Post-tensioned Concrete Structures: A Study of Interfaces at Artificial Grouting Faults and Its Verification N2 - This paper presents the progress of successful location of grouting faults in tendon ducts with ultrasonic imaging. The examples were obtained in the research group FOR 384 funded by DFG (German Research Foundation). The co-operation of experimental research and modeling allowed imaging and identification of grouted and ungrouted areas of tendon ducts (including strands) in a large test specimen (40 m²). In addition to the criteria for indicating grouting faults in post-tensioned ducts known until now the phase evaluation of reflected ultrasonic pulses is described. Experiments and modeling of wave propagation are presented for reflections at metal plates in concrete (thickness range 0.5 mm to 40 mm) and for tendon ducts including strands. The main part of the progress was achieved by automated measurements using dry contact transducers, 3D-SAFT reconstruction including phase evaluation and modeling considering wave propagation for typical elastic parameters and exact experimental site conditions. The results for shear waves as well as for pressure waves are compared in the frequency range from 50 kHz to 120 kHz. KW - Non-destructive testing KW - Tendons KW - Prestressed concrete bridges KW - Ultrasonic echo KW - Reconstruction calculation KW - 3D-SAFT KW - Modeling (EFIT) PY - 2008 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10921-008-0033-5 SN - 0195-9298 SN - 1573-4862 VL - 27 IS - 1-3 SP - 67 EP - 82 PB - Plenum Press CY - New York, NY AN - OPUS4-17922 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mayer, K. A1 - Langenberg, K.-J. A1 - Krause, Martin A1 - Milmann, Boris A1 - Mielentz, Frank T1 - Characterization of reflector types by phase-sensitive ultrasonic data processing and imaging N2 - Ultrasonic and radar imaging techniques are limited in resolution by the wavelength in the material, yet information beyond those limits is hidden in complex frequency dependent reflection coefficients. The analysis of the phase of complex reflection coefficients together with the properties of imaging algorithms can help to characterize and to classify indications of defects in concrete buildings. This paper describes a method to extract phase information from measurements and SAFT reconstructed images. The influencing factors like material properties, transducer characteristics, and imaging algorithms based on Born or Physical Optics approximations are elaborated. Simulated and experimental results are briefly discussed. KW - NDT KW - Imaging KW - Flaw characterization KW - Tendon ducts KW - Phase analysis KW - Ultrasonic echo KW - SAFT KW - FT-SAFT KW - EFIT-modeling KW - Modellierung KW - EFIT KW - Spannbeton KW - Ultraschallecho KW - Spannkanäle KW - Verpressfehler KW - Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung im Bauwesen KW - ZfP-Bau PY - 2008 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10921-008-0035-3 SN - 0195-9298 SN - 1573-4862 VL - 27 IS - 1-3 SP - 35 EP - 45 PB - Plenum Press CY - New York, NY AN - OPUS4-17926 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mero, M. A1 - Clapp, B. A1 - Jasapara, J.C. A1 - Rudolph, W. A1 - Ristau, D. A1 - Starke, K. A1 - Krüger, Jörg A1 - Martin, Sven A1 - Kautek, Wolfgang T1 - On the damage behavior of dielectric films when illuminated with multiple femtosecond laser pulses N2 - The physical effects reducing the damage threshold of dielectric films when exposed to multiple femtosecond pulses are investigated. The measured temperature increase of a Ta2O5 film scales exponentially with the pulse fluence. A polarized luminescence signal is observed that depends quadratically on the pulse fluence and is attributed to twophoton excitation of self-trapped excitons that form after band-to-band excitation. The damage fluence decreases with increasing pulse number, but is independent of the repetition rate from 1 Hz to 1 kHz at a constant pulse number. The repetition rate dependence of the breakdown threshold is also measured for TiO2 , HfO2, Al2O3, and SiO2 films. A theoretical model is presented that explains these findings. KW - Laser-induced damage KW - Laser materials KW - Ultrafast phenomena KW - Coatings PY - 2005 DO - https://doi.org/10.1117/1.1905343 SN - 0892-354X VL - 44 IS - 5 SP - 051107-1-051107-7 PB - Dekker CY - New York, NY AN - OPUS4-7406 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Haardt, P. A1 - Krause, Martin A1 - Streicher, Doreen A1 - Krause, H.-J. ED - Watanabe, E. ED - Frangopol, D. T1 - Scanning NDT-Methods for the Inspection of Highway Structures T2 - 2nd International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management CY - Kyoto, Japan DA - 2004-10-19 KW - ZfPBau KW - Ingenieurbauwerke KW - Automatisierung KW - Laserscanner KW - Ultraschallecho KW - Impuls Radar KW - Impact-Echo PY - 2004 SN - 90-5809-680-7 SP - 8 pages PB - Balkema CY - Leiden AN - OPUS4-5201 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kroggel, O. A1 - Krause, Martin A1 - Schickert, M. A1 - Langenberg, K.-J. T1 - Moderne Verfahren der Bauwerksdiagnose, Entwicklung und Anwendung - Die DFG-Forschergruppe FOR384 stellt ihre Ergebnisse vor - Ultraschall T2 - Fachtagung 2005 des Deutschen Ausschusses für Stahlbeton in Zusammenarbeit mit der Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung "Zerstörungsfreie Prüfverfahren und Bauwerksdiagnose im Betonbau" CY - Berlin, Deutschland DA - 2005-03-10 KW - Ultraschallecho-Verfahren KW - Beton KW - Fundamente KW - Erhärtungsverhalten KW - Tomographie PY - 2005 SP - A5 EP - A10 PB - BAM CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-11718 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Mayer, K. A1 - Langenberg, K.-J. A1 - Krause, Martin A1 - Maierhofer, Christiane A1 - Milmann, Boris A1 - Kohl, Christoph T1 - Characterization of ultrasonic and radar reflector types in concrete by phase evaluation of the signal and the reconstructed image T2 - 9th European Conference on NDT CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2006-09-25 KW - NDT-CE KW - Ultrasonic echo KW - Radar KW - Phase evaluation KW - Modeling of wave propagation KW - Reconstruction calculation PY - 2006 SN - 3-931381-86-2 SP - 1 EP - 8(?) PB - European Federation for Non-Destructive Testing CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-14225 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bothe, Martin A1 - Mya, K.Y. A1 - Lin, E.M.J. A1 - Yeo, C. C. A1 - Lu, X. A1 - He, C. A1 - Pretsch, Thorsten T1 - Triple-shape properties of star-shaped POSS-polycaprolactone polyurethane networks N2 - Here, we present an investigation of the triple-shape properties of star-shaped polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-poly(ε-caprolactone) polyurethanes (SPOSS-PUs), which have three-dimensional network structures. In a typical 'triple-shape functionalization process', mostly consisting of two tensile deformations at different temperatures, chain immobilization of the polymer network component poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) was successfully realized first through crystallization and then through vitrification. Subsequently, large parts of the respective strains were released under stress-free recovery conditions. The two-fold fixed ('programmed') specimens responded to heating with two independent length contractions (switching steps); the first shape change was associated with PCL devitrification and the second one with the melting of hitherto crystalline PCL. It was revealed that the triple-shape properties of SPOSS-PU networks considerably depend on PCL network chain length. When applying exactly the same 'triple-shape creation procedure', larger strain releases were detected in the first transition for polymers with a higher PCL network chain length, whereas the second transition was more accentuated for SPOSS-PU networks with a shorter PCL chain length. In the course of thermo-mechanical cycling, the formation of a neck during the second tensile deformation was repeatedly detected for SPOSS-PUs with higher PCL network chain length; in the subsequent recovery process the specimens even exhibited the highest total strain recoverability. Finally, gradual strain release could be achieved at temperatures below the PCL melting transition through the selection of up to four temperature holding steps, at which every time stable shapes were formed. KW - Shape memory polymer KW - Active polymer KW - Triple-shape polymer KW - Hybrid star-shaped polymer KW - POSS-polycaprolactone polyurethanes KW - Thermo-mechanical properties PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c1sm06474f SN - 1744-683X VL - 8 IS - 4 SP - 965 EP - 972 PB - RSC Publ. CY - Cambridge AN - OPUS4-25260 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -