TY - CONF A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Complex organic thin films for optoelectronics: combined depossition techniques T2 - ECASIA `03 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2003-10-06 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-4674 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fritz, Andreas A1 - Schönhals, Andreas A1 - Mix, Renate A1 - Kühn, Gerhard A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Dielectric spectroscopy of plasma copolymers of the system allyl alcohol/alkene N2 - Polymers synthesized with plasma techniques are very interesting materials for electronic, optic, and bio compatible applications. Thin films of plasma polymers shows a good adhesion to metals, glass, or other polymers. But the supramolecular structure, the durability, and the chemical and mechanical behavior of these polymers is poorly understood. Therefore dielectric investigations are carried out to study the dynamic behavior of the plasma polymers. As polymer system allyl alcohol/alkene is chosen to get polymers with a defined concentration of hydroxyl groups. The dielectric investigations shows several relaxation processes and a dependency of the dielectric parameters from the ratio of allyl alcohol in the polymer is observed. This results indicated that the alkene monomers were assembled continuous into the polymer matrix. T2 - Frühjahrstagung des Arbeitskreises Festkörperphysik bei der DPG CY - Regensburg, Deutschland DA - 2002-03-11 PY - 2002 UR - http://old.dpg-tagungen.de/archive/2002/cpp_4.html SN - 0420-0195 SN - 0372-5448 SN - 0343-9216 IS - CPP 4.7 SP - 424 CY - Bad Honnef AN - OPUS4-2057 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fritz, Andreas A1 - Schönhals, Andreas A1 - Mix, Renate A1 - Kühn, Gerhard A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Dielectric spectroscopy of plasma copolymers or the system allyl alcohol/alkene T2 - Frühjahrstagung des Arbeitskreises Festkörperphysik bei der DPG CY - Regensburg, Germany DA - 2002-03-11 PY - 2002 SN - 0420-0195 SN - 0372-5448 SN - 0343-9216 IS - CPP 4.7 SP - 424 CY - Bad Honnef AN - OPUS4-2058 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gross, Thomas A1 - Retzko, Iris A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian A1 - Unger, Wolfgang T1 - Time-of-flight-SIMS and XPS characterization of metal doped polymers N2 - Organic thin films with defined chemical structures and physical properties are required for various applications. Plasma polymerization is of technological interest, since the deposition of plasma polymers is possible on any material of any shape in the desired thickness. We report on the TOF-SIMS (TOF: time-of-flight) and XPS investigations of pulse plasma ‘poly(acetylene)’ and alkali metal doped pulse plasma ‘poly(acetylene)’ films. The combination of TOF-SIMS and XPS supplies detailed information on the surface chemistry of these films. Application of both methods provides the possibility for cross-checking certain results. Moreover the different sensitivities of the methods can be utilized. According to the TOF-SIMS and XPS data it can be concluded that the interaction of alkali metals with plasma ‘poly(acetylene)’ results in electrovalent bonds of the type Me?+–C?- between carbon and metal. Furthermore carbon–oxygen–metal interactions were observed. These interactions are of the type C=O?-cdots, three dots, centeredMe?+ and/or C–O?-–Me?+. KW - SIMS KW - TOF-SIMS KW - XPS KW - Plasma KW - Polymer KW - Poly(acetylene) PY - 2003 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-4332(02)00769-9 SN - 0169-4332 SN - 1873-5584 VL - 203-204 SP - 575 EP - 579 PB - North-Holland CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-2271 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gajewski, Sven A1 - Maneck, Heinz-Eberhard A1 - Knoll, Uta A1 - Neubert, Dietmar A1 - Dörfel, Ilona A1 - Mach, Reinhard A1 - Strauß, Birgid A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Purification of single walled carbon nanotubes by thermal gas phase oxidation N2 - Single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) have been produced in an electric arc discharge by using a graphite rod as anode which is filled with a powder mixture of graphite and metallic catalysts like nickel and yttrium. The soot material containing approximately a third of SWNT was collected from the cathode region as a soft, voluminous material. The main by-products in this process are amorphous carbon and graphitic nanoparticles which have to be removed by an appropriate purification process. The as-produced soot material was purified by gas phase oxidation in air at 355 °C. The oxidation of amorphous carbon in air is advantageous against wet chemical methods because it is better controllable. Thermogravimetric analysis and electron microscopy were used to investigate the oxidation behavior of the different kinds of carbon. Oxidation of SWNT and amorphous carbon occurs simultaneously even at moderate temperatures, whereas amorphous carbon is more rapidly oxidized than SWNT. For optimizing the purification procedure by gas phase oxidation, kinetic studies were used to determine the oxidation time for each component in the soot at a given temperature. So it is possible to remove the amorphous carbon quantitatively with minimal losses of SWNT. But it was found that graphitic nanoparticles have the highest stability against oxidation and could therefore not be quantitatively removed by this method without the complete destruction of SWNT. Therefore, the electric arc discharge process has to be a controlled process for minimum production of graphitic nanoparticles to obtain a material with a high content of SWNT. KW - Nanotubes KW - Cathodic arc discharge KW - Amorphous carbon KW - Oxidation PY - 2003 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-9635(02)00362-X SN - 0925-9635 VL - 12 IS - 3-7 SP - 816 EP - 820 PB - Elsevier CY - New York, NY AN - OPUS4-2516 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Quantitative measuring of C radical sites at polymer surfaces using the derivatization technique and XPS T2 - 10th European Conference on Applications of Surface and Interface Analysis (ECASIA '03) CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2003-10-06 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-3920 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Maßgeschneidete Polymeroberflächen T2 - BAM Kolloquium CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2003-11-26 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-4205 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Grundlagen für neuartige plasmachemische Prozesse zur gezielten und selektiven Polymermodifizierung T2 - VDI-Abschlußtreffen CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2003-06-30 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-4206 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Polymer surface modification with mono-functional groups of different type and density T2 - Institutskolloquium TU Dresden, Institut für Elektroniktechnologie CY - Dresden, Germany DA - 2003-01-29 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-4207 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Designing and analytical characterization of polymer surfaces T2 - Institutskolloquium, Ciba Geigy CY - Basel, Switzerland DA - 2003-12-03 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-4208 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Functionalization of polymer surfaces using plasmas T2 - Institutskolloquium Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Plasmaforschung CY - Stuttgart, Germany DA - 2003-12-04 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-4209 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Polymer surface modification with monofunctional groups of different type and density T2 - ISPC-16 CY - Taormina, Italy DA - 2003-06-22 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-4200 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Vergleich plasmaschemische Methoden zur Funktionalisierung von Polymeroberflächen T2 - X. Erfahrungsaustausch zu "Oberflächentechnologie mit Plasmaprozessen" CY - Klingenthal, Germany DA - 2003-03-18 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-4203 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Contribution of chemical interactions between the different types of functional groups and metal atoms to the adhesion T2 - ECASIA `03 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2003-10-06 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-4204 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Kunststoffkorrosion durch Polymerabbau - Früherkennung und zeitraffende Prognose T2 - Thüringer Grenz- und Oberflächentage - Oberflächentechnik für die Praxis CY - Jena, Germany DA - 2005-09-15 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-7853 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Oran, Umut A1 - Swaraj, Sufal A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian A1 - Unger, Wolfgang T1 - Surface analysis of Plasma Deposited Polymer Films, 5 - ToF-SSIMS Characterization of Plasma Deposited Allyl Alcohol Films N2 - The effect of the composite plasma parameter P/F, where P is the plasma power and F is the monomer flow rate, on the chemical character of pulsed plasma deposited allyl alcohol films was investigated by ToF-SSIMS. Information on the unsaturated character, the cross-linked and/or branched character of the plasma polymer films was derived in detail. The problem of the retention of OH groups in plasma deposited allyl alcohol films was elucidated in detail using SSIMS data. The lowest conversion rate from the monomer's hydroxyl groups to other oxygen functionalities in the plasma was concluded for the plasma polymer film produced at a P/F ratio of 0.05 W · sccm-1. It was found that the overall oxygen content of the films decreased vs. increasing P/F ratio. Because the freshly prepared films were investigated without air exposure, ageing on ambient air could be studied in detail. It was found that in the case of plasma deposited allyl alcohol films the ageing on air is probably based on two competing processes which are discussed in detail. Additionally, a review of literature data on the characterization of plasma deposited allyl alcohol films is given. KW - Ageing KW - Allyl alcohol KW - Plasma polymerization KW - ToF-SIMS PY - 2005 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/ppap.200400075 SN - 1612-8850 SN - 1612-8869 VL - 2 IS - 7 SP - 563 EP - 571 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-11933 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Swaraj, Sufal A1 - Oran, Umut A1 - Lippitz, Andreas A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian A1 - Unger, Wolfgang T1 - Aging of Plasma-Deposited Films Prepared from Organic Monomers N2 - Plasma-deposited polymer films were prepared from organic molecules and investigated using near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for aging effects after exposure to air. Results from the investigation of homopolymers are summarized. Primarily the effect of the deposition parameters duty cycle and power are dealt with. The effect of the deposition parameter pressure is briefly discussed. An example to show the effect of feed gas composition on the aging of plasma polymerized ethylene/allyl alcohol and styrene/allyl alcohol copolymer is also given. In general, change in content of unsaturated or aromatic species, change in concentration of monomer functionality, and change in the oxygen content was observed in the plasma polymerized films on aging. KW - Plasma copolymer KW - ESCA/XPS KW - NEXAFS KW - Plasma polymerization PY - 2007 SN - 1612-8850 SN - 1612-8869 VL - 4 IS - S1 SP - S784 EP - S789 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-11934 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Swaraj, Sufal A1 - Oran, Umut A1 - Lippitz, Andreas A1 - Schulze, Rolf-Dieter A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian A1 - Unger, Wolfgang T1 - Surface Analysis of Plasma-Deposited Polymer Films, 4 - In situ Characterization of Plasma-Deposited Ethylene Films by XPS and NEXAFS N2 - XPS and NEXAFS spectroscopy were used for the chemical characterization of pulsed plasma-deposited ethylene films before and after exposure to ambient air. The influence of external plasma parameters on the spectroscopic results was investigated. Information on the chemical character of the plasma-polymerized films, such as the regularity of the primary structure, the amount of long-living radicals, and branching or cross-linking or both was derived from this data. Irregularity and radical concentration for post-plasma reactions of the plasma-deposited films increased with the duty cycle or power. A decreased level of monomer fragmentation and, consequently, an increase in regularity is partially concluded from the experimental data when the monomer pressure is increased. The concentration of surface radicals available for post-plasma reactions also increased with monomer pressure. The correlation found between the degree of the post-plasma oxygen incorporation and the variation of the various external parameters agreed with earlier ToF-SSIMS findings. KW - ESCA/XPS KW - NEXAFS KW - Plasma polymerization KW - Polyethylene (PE) KW - Thin films PY - 2005 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/ppap.200400070 SN - 1612-8850 SN - 1612-8869 VL - 2 IS - 4 SP - 310 EP - 318 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-11940 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian A1 - Kühn, Gerhard A1 - Mix, Renate T1 - Tayloring of polymer surfaces with different monotype functional groups of variable density using chemical and plasma chemical processes T2 - 10th Dresden Polymer Discussion: Characterization of Polymer Surfaces and Thin Films CY - Meißen, Germany DA - 2005-04-10 KW - Plasma modification KW - Introduction of functional groups KW - Reactions at polymer surfaces PY - 2005 SP - 34 EP - 49 PB - Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden CY - Meißen AN - OPUS4-11941 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Mach, Reinhard A1 - Maneck, Heinz-Eberhard A1 - Röhl-Kuhn, Barbara A1 - Peplinski, Burkhard A1 - Benemann, Sigrid A1 - Strauß, Birgid A1 - Schütz, W. A1 - Kühn, Gerhard A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian ED - Pershin, L. T1 - Modification of graphite powders in a thermal RF induction plasma T2 - 17th International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry (ISPC-17) CY - Toronto, Canada DA - 2005-08-07 PY - 2005 SP - 1(?) EP - 6(?) CY - Toronto AN - OPUS4-11942 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Krüger, Simone A1 - Schulze, Rolf-Dieter A1 - Brademann-Jock, Kerstin A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian ED - Pershin, L. T1 - Introduction of irregularities into plasma polymers by radiative and auto-oxidative processes T2 - 17th International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry (ISPC-17) CY - Toronto, Canada DA - 2005-08-07 PY - 2005 SP - 1(?) EP - 6(?) CY - Toronto AN - OPUS4-11943 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian A1 - Kühn, Gerhard A1 - Mix, Renate ED - Pershin, L. T1 - Chemical synthesis at plasma modified polymer surfaces T2 - 17th International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry (ISPC-17) CY - Toronto, Canada DA - 2005-12-07 PY - 2005 SP - 1(?) EP - 6(?) CY - Toronto AN - OPUS4-11944 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Paproth, A. A1 - Wolter, Klaus-Jürgen A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian A1 - Deltschew, R. T1 - Metal-Polymer Composites for Molded Interconnect Devices (MID) T2 - 55th Electronic Components & Technology Conference CY - Lake Buena Vista, FL, USA DA - 2005-06-01 PY - 2005 SN - 0-7803-8907-7 SP - 6 pages PB - IEEE Service Center CY - Piscataway AN - OPUS4-11945 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krüger, Simone A1 - Schulze, Rolf-Dieter A1 - Brademann-Jock, Kerstin A1 - Swaraj, Sufal A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Charakterisierung von Plasmapolymeren mittels Thermolumineszenzmessungen N2 - Dünne, mit einem gepulsten Plasma hergestellte Polymerschichten wurden untersucht. Diese Plasmapolymere sollten eine chemisch besser definierte Struktur haben, weil der Anteil an rein chemisch polymerisiertem Produkt während der Plasma-aus-Zeit steigen sollte, während der Anteil an Schichtbildung, der innerhalb der kurzen Plasmapulse durch Monomerfragmentierung und statistische Polyrekombination erzeugt wird, zurückgedrängt wird. Der Monomerfragmentierungsprozeß ist im kontinuierlich brennenden Plasma (cw-Mode) demgegenüber der Hauptprozeß. Neben der Anwendung der klassischen Element- und Bindungsanalysentechnik XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy) wurden hier die Schichten auch mittels Thermolumineszenz untersucht. Defekte und Strukturanomalitäten in Polymeren sollten mit dieser Methode charakterisiert werden können. Untersuchungsobjekte waren funktionalgruppentragende Plasmapolymerschichten, die biosensorische oder biokompatible Funktionen besitzen oder als Haftvermittler in Metall-Polymercompositen eingesetzt werden. Translated Abstract Characterization of Plasmapolymers by Thermoluminescence Thin plasma polymer films were deposited using the pulsed plasma (pp) mode. These plasma polymers should possess a more chemically regular structure because of the lower monomer fragmentation during the short plasma pulses and the chemical chain propagation during the plasma-less periods than those produced by the conventional continuous-wave (cw) mode. In addition to the use of the classic thin film characterization method XPS the method of thermoluminescence was applied to characterize defects and structural specifics in the polymer films produced by pp or cw-plasma mode. The thermoluminescence method was applied to functional groups-carrying plasma polymer layers, which are used in medical technology for forming biocompatible and bioactive coatings or in metal-polymer composites as adhesion-promoting interlayers. KW - Plasmapolymere KW - Thermolumineszenz KW - X-ray PY - 2006 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/vipr.200600287 SN - 0947-076X SN - 1522-2454 VL - 18 IS - 3 SP - 32 EP - 37 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-12514 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Improvement of adhesive bond strength of metal-polymer composites by plasma and wet-chemical modification of polymer surfaces T2 - Plasma Surface Engineering (PSE) CY - Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany DA - 2006-09-10 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-12679 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krüger, Simone A1 - Schulze, Rolf-Dieter A1 - Brademann-Jock, Kerstin A1 - Swaraj, Sufal A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Characterisation of plasma polymers by thermoluminescence N2 - Thin plasma polymer films were deposited using the pulsed plasma mode. These plasma polymers should possess a more regular structure than those produced by the conventional continuous-wave (cw) mode, because of lower monomer fragmentation caused by the plasma pulses and the chemical chain propagation during the plasmaless (free!) periods. The thermoluminescence method was applied to functional groups carrying plasma polymer layers which are used in medical technology. Examples are formation of biocompatible, biosensoric and bioactive coatings or in metal polymer composites such as adhesion-promoting interlayers. In addition to the use of the conventional X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy for thin film characterization, the new method of thermoluminescence was applied to characterize undesired defects and structural specifics produced in the polymer films by pp or cw plasma mode. The main areas of focus were oxygen-containing groups produced by post-plasma oxygen introduction via auto-oxidation, oxidation of implemented unsaturations and trapped radical sites known as typical irregular structures in plasma polymers. KW - Plasma polymers KW - Thermoluminescence KW - Structure KW - Defects KW - Pulsed plasma KW - Continuous-wave plasma PY - 2006 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.12.003 SN - 0257-8972 VL - 201 IS - 3-4 SP - 543 EP - 552 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Lausanne AN - OPUS4-12818 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mix, Renate A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian A1 - Kühn, Gerhard ED - Mutlu, M. T1 - Adhesion between metal atoms and polymer surfaces fitted with different types and variable density of functional groups T2 - 3rd workshop COST 527 CY - Antalya, Turkey DA - 2004-10-07 KW - Peel strength KW - Aluminium KW - Pulsed plasma KW - Allyl alcohol KW - Allylamine KW - Acrylic acid PY - 2005 SN - 975-491194-0 SP - 106 EP - 114 PB - Hacettepe Univ. Press CY - Ankara AN - OPUS4-11042 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Oran, Umut A1 - Swaraj, Sufal A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian A1 - Unger, Wolfgang T1 - Surface analysis of plasma-deposited polymer films by Time of Flight Static Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SSIMS) before and after exposure to ambient air N2 - Pulsed plasma deposited styrene and ethylene films were studied by Time of Flight Static Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SSIMS) before and after exposure to ambient air. The influence of the external plasma parameters on the secondary ion mass spectra of plasma deposited films was investigated. Approaches for the interpretation of SSIMS spectra of organic materials were reviewed and applied to the evaluation of SSIMS data of plasma deposited films. From these data, information on the chemical character of the plasma deposited films was derived. When the plasma polymers are exposed to air oxygen incorporation occurs. The oxygen uptake is high at the beginning and then it levels of. A relation that “higher the regularity of the film lower is the oxygen uptake” was found. Harder plasma conditions, which could be obtained by applying higher plasma power or lower monomer flow rate, result in higher oxygen uptake and vice versa. KW - Plasma polymerization KW - Polyethylene (PE) KW - Polystyrene (PS) KW - SIMS KW - Ageing PY - 2005 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.02.032 SN - 0257-8972 VL - 200 IS - 1-4 SP - 463 EP - 467 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Lausanne AN - OPUS4-11044 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Swaraj, Sufal A1 - Oran, Umut A1 - Lippitz, Andreas A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian A1 - Unger, Wolfgang T1 - Study of influence of external plasma parameters on plasma polymerised films prepared from organic molecules (acrylic acid, allyl alcohol, allyl amine) using XPS and NEXAFS N2 - Plasma polymerised films of acrylic acid, allyl alcohol and allyl amine were prepared and studied by XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) and XAS (X-ray absorption spectroscopy). The influence of external plasma parameters on certain chemical aspects of the films was investigated. The use of XPS and NEXAFS (near edge X-ray absorption fine structure) as complimentary tools in the surface characterisation of thin films has been highlighted. Certain chemical aspects of the plasma polymerised films such as presence of ROCdouble bond; length as m-dashO in the case of plasma polymerised acrylic acid films, presence of RCdouble bond; length as m-dashO and RC–OR bonds in case of plasma polymerised allyl alcohol films and presence of RCdouble bond; length as m-dashN and C?N in case of plasma polymerised allyl amine films were studied. The concentration of ROCdouble bond; length as m-dashO species was found to decrease with increase in r.f. duty cycle in the case of plasma polymerised acrylic acid films. In case of plasma polymerised allyl alcohol films there is a decrease in the concentration of RCdouble bond; length as m-dashO species and increase in the concentration of RC–OR species at higher pressures, while in the case of plasma polymerised allyl amine films the concentration of RCdouble bond; length as m-dashN and C?N increases at higher powers, with an increase in C?N more pronounced at higher powers. KW - Plasma polymerization KW - NEXAFS KW - XPS KW - Plasma parameter PY - 2005 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.01.083 SN - 0257-8972 VL - 200 IS - 1-4 SP - 494 EP - 497 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Lausanne AN - OPUS4-11045 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grytsenko, K. P. A1 - Capobianchi, A. A1 - Convertino, A. A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian A1 - Schulze, Rolf-Dieter A1 - Ksensov, V. A1 - Schrader, S. ED - Iwamori, S. T1 - Polymer-metal nanocomposite thin film prepared by co-evaporation in a vacuum PY - 2005 SN - 81-7736276-3 SP - 85 EP - 109 PB - Research Signpost CY - Trivandrum, Kerala AN - OPUS4-11225 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mix, Renate A1 - Kühn, Gerhard A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian ED - Mittal, K. L. T1 - Contribution of chemical interactions between Al atoms and different types of functional groups to the adhesion of Al-polymer systems T2 - 2nd International Symposium on Adhesion Aspects of Thin Films CY - Orlando, FL, USA DA - 2003-12-15 KW - Al-functional group interactions KW - Adhesion-promoting plasma polymer layers KW - Pulsed plasma polymerization PY - 2005 SN - 90-6764-421-8 VL - 2 SP - 123 EP - 144 PB - VSP CY - Utrecht AN - OPUS4-11156 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grytsenko, K.P. A1 - Lytvyn, P. A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian A1 - Schulze, Rolf-Dieter A1 - Schrader, S. T1 - Influence of plasma discharge on the structure of polytetrafluoroethylene film and step coverage on polymer substrate N2 - Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films have been deposited onto polycarbonate (PC) substrates from the products of PTFE evaporation, activated by a cloud of accelerated electrons. A 40.68 MHz glow discharge was used during the deposition process. The polymer films have been characterised by XPS, FTIR and AFM. The use of the low power plasma during film growth led to the formation of PTFE films with modified structure. Films are amorphous and contain more cross-links, but in general, the structure of their macromolecules is still linear. An increase of RF-power leads to the formation of films with large amount of double bonds and enhanced internal stresses. Deposition of PTFE on PC without plasma treatment led to the formation of PTFE clusters up to 50 nm in diameter. The RMS roughness of the films, deposited without plasma, was about 4 nm, while the films deposited with plasma treatment had a roughness of 1.5 nm. The use of plasma has an additional effect if a PTFE coating is deposited on the PC substrate with submicrometer-sized steps. Without plasma the steps retain a rectangular shape. Deposited with the RF-discharge the PTFE layers resemble plasma-polymerised films. Under certain conditions the deposited films can fill trenches in the substrate like a wetting liquid, while under other conditions they avoid trenches and grow in between them. KW - Polytetrafluoroethylene KW - PTFE KW - Vacuum deposition KW - Plasma KW - Discharge KW - Film PY - 2007 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2006.09.029 SN - 0928-4931 SN - 1873-0191 VL - 27 IS - 5-8 SP - 1227 EP - 1231 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-14014 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Oran, Umut A1 - Swaraj, Sufal A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian A1 - Unger, Wolfgang T1 - Static ToF-SIMS analysis of plasma chemically deposited ethylene/allyl alcohol co-polymer films N2 - A plasma co-polymerization of ethylene as a “chain extending” monomer and allyl alcohol as a carrier monomer for hydroxyl groups was studied. The composition of the feed gas was systematically varied and the plasma co-polymers were analyzed in terms of their relative concentrations of OH functional groups by static Time of Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) immediately after their preparation without any air contact, i.e., under so called “in situ” conditions. The relative OH group concentration involved in the –CH2–OH groups was derived from the normalized yields of the CH3O+ secondary fragment ion. The density of functional groups in the plasma co-polymers was found to vary non-linearly with respect to the mole percentage of the monomers in the feed gas. Co-polymerization phenomena, i.e. chemical interactions and recombination reactions taking place between monomer molecules in the plasma and/or during the deposition process, become evident in ToF-SIMS spectra. KW - Plasma deposition KW - ToF-SIMS KW - Plasma co-polymerization KW - Ethylene KW - Allyl alcohol PY - 2006 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2006.02.089 SN - 0169-4332 SN - 1873-5584 VL - 252 IS - 19 SP - 6588 EP - 6590 PB - North-Holland CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-13724 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zeylanov, E. B. A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Antioxidant Properties of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes: First Measurements Using a Model Oxidative Reaction N2 - The potential use of date palm mesh fibres (DPMF) as natural reinforcement for polymeric matrices is investigated. DPMF were chemically cleaned using sodium hydroxide, carbon tetrachloride, a detergent, and an alcoholic mixture of toluene, methanol and ac... PY - 2006 SN - 0967-3911 SN - 1478-2391 VL - 14 IS - 8 SP - 779 EP - 785 PB - RAPRA Technology Ltd. CY - Shrewsbury AN - OPUS4-14237 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zeynalov, Eldar A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Anti-Radical Activity of Fullerenes and Carbon Nanotubes in Reactions of Radical Polymerization and Polymer Thermal/Thermo-Oxidative Degradation PY - 2007 SN - 0025-5300 VL - 49 IS - 5 SP - 265 EP - 270 PB - Hanser CY - München AN - OPUS4-14806 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Swaraj, Sufal A1 - Oran, Umut A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian A1 - Lippitz, Andreas A1 - Unger, Wolfgang T1 - Surface Chemical Analysis of Plasma-Deposited Copolymer Films Prepared from Feed Gas Mixtures of Ethylene or Styrene with Allyl Alcohol N2 - Plasma deposited styrene/allyl alcohol and ethylene/allyl alcohol copolymer films were prepared and characterized using XPS, NEXAFS and ToF-SIMS. The relative partial flow rates of the co-monomers are used as deposition process parameters to vary and all other process parameters were constrained to conditions optimized for retention of functional groups. By doing this it is possible to control certain chemical properties of the copolymer films such as unsaturation, oxygen and hydroxyl group relative surface contents. The aging behavior of the plasma copolymer films on air was studied, too. Non-linear variations of relative oxygen contents, contents of C—OR species and contents of carbonyl species are obtained vs. variation of feed gas composition for both monomer combinations. The chemical character of the plasma copolymer films varies between the limits given by the respective plasma homopolymers. The observed non-linear correlations are discussed in terms of approaches developed for classic radical copolymerization. The aging behavior of the different plasma copolymers films depends on the feed gas composition. Principally these aging phenomena known from plasma polymer aging studies of that respective monomer which dominates the character of the plasma copolymer are observed. KW - Plasma polymers KW - Plasma copolymers KW - XPS KW - NEXAFS KW - Allyl alcohol KW - ESCA/XPS KW - Plasma polymerization KW - ToF-SIMS PY - 2007 SN - 1612-8850 SN - 1612-8869 VL - 4 IS - 4 SP - 376 EP - 389 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-14846 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Plasmachemische Polymer-Oberflächenmodifizierung für haftfeste Metall-Polymer-Verbunde T2 - 13. Workshop Oberflächentechnologie mit Plasma- und Ionenstrahlprozessen CY - Klingenthal, Germany DA - 2006-03-14 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-15349 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meyer-Plath, Asmus A1 - Mix, Renate A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian ED - Mittal, K. T1 - Aspects of amino functionalization of polypropylene surfaces for adhesion promotion of thermally-evaporated copper films KW - Plasma polymerization KW - Surface functionalization KW - Gas discharge KW - Grafting KW - Amino groups KW - Copper KW - Metallization KW - Adhesion PY - 2007 SN - 978-90-6764-455-6 SN - 90-6764-455-2 VL - 3 SP - 177 EP - 198 PB - VSP CY - Leiden AN - OPUS4-15733 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wettmarshausen, Sascha A1 - Kühn, Gerhard A1 - Hidde, Gundula A1 - Mittmann, Hans-Ulrich A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Plasmabromination - the Selective Way to Monotype Functionalized Polymer Surfaces N2 - In contrast to other plasma modification processes of polymer surfaces, the bromination is very selective and shows a high yield in C—Br groups. The most convenient bromination process was found using bromoform, which was thus preferred to elemental bromine, allyl bromide, vinyl bromide or tert-butylbromide. The bromoform process give yields in C—Br up to 40 C—Br or more, with only 2-3% co-introduction of O-functionalities whereas allyl bromide results in yields of about 20 C—Br and more, but in more than 10% oxygen-containing by-products. C—Br groups serve as anchoring points for grafting of molecules, oligomers and pre-polymers of diole or diamine character. KW - Functional groups KW - Grafting KW - Plasma bromination KW - Polymer surfaces KW - Selective plasma process KW - Spacer PY - 2007 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/ppap.200700019 SN - 1612-8850 SN - 1612-8869 VL - 4 IS - 9 SP - 832 EP - 839 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-16209 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yin, Huajie A1 - Mix, Renate A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Influence of differently structured aluminium-polypropylene interfaces on adhesion N2 - Polar groups were introduced on polypropylene surfaces for increasing the surface energy and the peel strength to evaporated aluminium layers. Three kinds of plasma processes were used for introducing such functional groups to polyolefin surfaces: low-pressure radio-frequency (RF) O2 plasma exposure, atmospheric-pressure dielectric-barrier discharge (DBD) treatment in air, and the deposition of allylamine plasma polymer. The amino groups of the allylamine plasma polymer were also used as anchoring points for chemical introduction of covalently bonded spacer molecules equipped with reactive endgroups. Thus, silanol endgroups of a covalently bonded spacer were able to interact with the evaporated metal layer. The Al-PP composites achieved a maximal peel strength of 470 N/m by exposing the polymer to the lowpressure O2 plasma and 500 N/m on exposure to the atmospheric DBD plasma. After allylamine plasma polymerization and grafting of spacers, the peel strength was usually higher than 1500 N/m and the composites could not be peeled. KW - Polypropylene KW - Low-pressure RF oxygen plasma KW - Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) KW - Pulsed plasma polymerization KW - Surface wettability KW - Peel strength PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1163/016942410X511132 SN - 0169-4243 SN - 1568-5616 VL - 25 IS - 8 SP - 799 EP - 818 PB - VNU Science Press CY - Utrecht AN - OPUS4-23990 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wettmarshausen, Sascha A1 - Min, Hyegeun A1 - Unger, Wolfgang A1 - Jäger, Christian A1 - Hidde, Gundula A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Significance of hydrogen-deuterium exchange at polyolefin surfaces on exposure to ammonia low-pressure plasma N2 - Since more than 40 years ammonia plasma exposure of polyolefins is used for introduction of primary amino groups. The selectivity of this reaction and the yield in primary amino groups was found to be low. Here, a prominent side-reactions of this process was investigated, the hydrogenation by NH3 plasma. For identification of hydrogenation ammonia (NH3) and deuterated ammonia (ND3) were exposed to Polyethylene (h-PE) and fully deuterated polyethylene (d-PE) as well as hexatriacontane (h-HTC) and fully deuterated hexatriacontane (d-HTC) as low-molecular weight model for PE. H–D exchange was assumed and detected by Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF–SIMS), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR-FTIR) and 1H and 2H Nuclear magnetic Resonance. Results show a significant H–D exchange within the sampling depth of ATR (2.5 µm). However, N- and NH2 introduction was limited to the topmost surface as shown by SIMS and XPS (a few nanometers). KW - Deuterated ammonia KW - Ammonia plasma KW - Deuterated polyolefins KW - Hexatriacontane KW - H-D exchange PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11090-011-9304-5 SN - 0272-4324 VL - 31 IS - 4 SP - 551 EP - 572 PB - Plenum Publ. Corp. CY - New York, NY, USA AN - OPUS4-24178 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Mechanisms of plasma polymerization - reviewed from a chemical point of view N2 - Several reaction mechanisms have been proposed for the formation of plasma polymers, such as monomer fragmentation followed by poly-recombination into randomly structured and crosslinked films; fragmentation, accompanied by the formation of acetylene or other film-forming intermediates and deposition of polystyrene-like material; plasma-initiation of a radical chain-growth polymerization; and ion-molecule reactions, as well as ionic chain-growth polymerization. The bulk structure of plasma polymers is completely irregular, far from that of conventional polymers. The retention of functional groups during plasma polymerization tends to be greater than that of the entire monomer structure found again as an intact repeat unit in the resulting plasma polymer. An alternative method for depositing ultra-thin, pin-hole free coatings, ones that possess regular structures, is by electrospray ionization (ESI) of pre-fabricated polymers. KW - Fragmentation-recombination KW - Mechanism KW - Plasma polymerization KW - Pulsed plasma KW - Structure of plasma polymers PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/ppap.201100038 SN - 1612-8850 SN - 1612-8869 VL - 8 IS - 9 SP - 783 EP - 802 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-24502 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Mix, Renate A1 - Ramanujam, Maalolan A1 - Wachtendorf, Volker A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian ED - Reichert, T. T1 - New ways for early detection of polymer ageing N2 - Photo-oxidative ageing of polymers under defined exposure (UV, humidity) was investigated from two points of view: a) the ageing process Starts from the topmost surface and penetrates slowly towards bulk and b) radicals play an important role among ageing. Therefore, X-ray photoelectron (XPS) and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy were applied to show both, the progressive incorporation of oxygen during in-situ UV irradiation (XPS) and the formation of radicals (ESR) in the polymer. The intensity of ESR Signals served as measure for radical concentration. The Validation of this correlation was checked for polyethylenes (PE) equipped with different concentrations of Hostavin N30 UV stabilizer. T2 - 5th European weathering symposium - Natural and artificial ageing of polymers CY - Lisbon, Portugal DA - 21.09.2011 PY - 2011 SN - 978-3-9813136-2-8 N1 - Serientitel: CEEES Publication – Series title: CEEES Publication IS - 15 SP - 157 EP - 163 PB - GUS (Gesellschaft für Umweltsimulation) CY - Pfinztal AN - OPUS4-24535 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ramanujam, Maalolan A1 - Wachtendorf, Volker A1 - Mix, Renate A1 - Schönhals, Andreas A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian ED - Reichert, T. T1 - Influence of UV weathering and humidity on surface & bulk properties of LDPE N2 - The outdoor weathering of polymers is mainly due to UV radiation, water, Pollution, humidity, temperature etc. To understand the effects of weathering, simulated tests need to be undertaken in lab scale. Such tests must be quite efficient and similar to the effects of natural weathering. This paper mainly focuses on the effects of UV radiation along with humidity on LDPE. T2 - 5th European weathering symposium - Natural and artificial ageing of polymers CY - Lisbon, Portugal DA - 21.09.2011 KW - LDPE KW - UV weathering KW - Humidity PY - 2011 SN - 978-3-9813136-2-8 N1 - Serientitel: CEEES Publication – Series title: CEEES Publication IS - 15 SP - 211 EP - 218 PB - GUS (Gesellschaft für Umweltsimulation) CY - Pfinztal AN - OPUS4-24536 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grytsenko, K. P. A1 - Kolomzarov, Y. A1 - Lytvyn, O. A1 - Strelchuk, V. A1 - Ksianzou, V. A1 - Schrader, S. A1 - Beyer, H. A1 - Servet, B. A1 - Enouz-Vedrenne, S. A1 - Garry, G. A1 - Schulze, Rolf-Dieter A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Metal-filled polytetrafluoroethylene nanostructered thin film N2 - Thin metal-filled polyterafluoroethylene films with various metal concentration were produced by co-deposition in vacuum. Metal nanocluster size increased with metal concentration. Films were heated up to 300 degrees C, their optical spectra were recorded during heating. The changes in plasmon band shape and wavelength of the nanocluster ensemble during heating are not linearly related with metal concentration and heating temperature. This is caused by different thermal behavior of the complex processes, which are taking place in each of the two materials present in the film. The metal cluster size and optical properties of the whole ensemble can be purposefully formed by varying metal nature, its concentration and annealing temperature of the film. Nano- and micro-domains with properties different from original film were generated by focused excimer laser or electron beam. Gold-filled PTFE nano-structured films were used as substrate for surface enhanced Raman scattering measurements of ultrathin film of Rhodamine 6G dye. KW - Gold nanoparticles KW - Arrays KW - SERS PY - 2010 UR - http://openurl.ingenta.com/content?genre=article&issn=1936-6612&volume=3&issue=3&spage=308&epage=312 DO - https://doi.org/10.1166/asl.2010.1127 SN - 1936-6612 SN - 1936-7317 VL - 3 IS - 3 SP - 308 EP - 312 PB - American Scientific Publ. CY - Stevenson Ranch, Calif. AN - OPUS4-23957 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Mix, Renate A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Improvement of adhesivity of polypropylene by its surface modification using the aerosol dielectric barrier discharge N2 - Plasma processes are used in many fields of Science and technology. While a plasma oxygen treatment produces a broad variety of different oxygen-containing functional groups, tailored - surface functionalisation demands preset functional groups in known concentration. Due to the fact that most of plasma experiments need expensive vacuum equipment increased efforts are to observe to apply atmospheric pressure plasma processes. Thus, Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) and corona treatment of polymer foils have a long tradilion in industry to modify them for printing, laminating, adhesion promotion, etc. Thercibre, increasing interest is observed to make these atmospheric pressure processes more effeclive. Newly developed methods like plasma-printing were used for surfaces in biological and medical applications or for printed circuits. T2 - ADHESION `11 - 11th Triennial conference on the science and technology of adhesion and adhesives CY - York, UK DA - 07.09.2011 PY - 2011 SP - 253 EP - 256 AN - OPUS4-24337 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian A1 - Wettmarshausen, Sascha A1 - Meyer-Plath, Asmus A1 - Ziemann, Sylvia A1 - Hidde, Gundula A1 - Zeynalov, Eldar T1 - Plasmabromierung von graphitischen Materialien - Kovalente Anbindung organischer Moleküle N2 - Die hochselektive und ausbeutereiche plasmachemische Bromierung von Polyolefinoberflächen wurde auf graphitische Materialien übertragen. Oberflächen von graphenartigem Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite (HOPG), natürlichem Graphit, mehrwandige Kohlenstoffnanoröhren (MWCNT) sowie Kohlenstoff-Fasern wurden im Bromdampfplasma behandelt. Während die Bromierung von Polyolefinoberflächen als radikalische Wasserstoffabstraktion mit nachfolgender Addition (Rekombination) oder durch nucleophile Substitution an sp³-hybridisierten C-Atomen abläuft, können graphitische Strukturen sowohl an sp³-hybridisierten Strukturdefekten als auch durch elektrophile Addition an vollständig C-substituierte aromatische Doppelbindungen bromiert werden. Dabei werden die planaren (graphitischen) sp²-C-Atome in die tetraedrische sp³-Hybridisierung umgewandelt und zu elektrisch nichtleitenden Strukturen gefaltet. Die maximalen Bromausbeuten bei Verwendung von Brom als Plasmamedium lagen je nach Substrat zwischen 10–50% Br/C, mit Bromoform deutlich darüber, was durch Kombinationen von Bromoform mit Brom oder Allylbromid mit Bromoform durch Schichtbildung auf über 70% Br/C gesteigert werden konnte. An die C-Br-Gruppen wurden nasschemisch verschiedene Amine nucleophil gepfropft. Die Pfropfausbeuten von 1–10 Moleküle je 100 C lagen deutlich niedriger als die erreichten Pfropfgrade von etwa 1–22 Moleküle je 100 C-Atome an Polyolefinoberflächen. Da nach der chemischen Pfropfung nahezu alle nichtgepfropften Br-Gruppen verschwunden waren, muss auf eine bevorzugte Rekonstruktion der planaren sp²-Graphitschicht geschlossen werden. KW - Polymerbromierung PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/vipr.201200481 SN - 0947-076X SN - 1522-2454 VL - 24 IS - 1 SP - 24 EP - 29 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-25518 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - The plasma chemistry of polymer surfaces - Advanced techniques for surface design KW - Plasma chemistry KW - Polymer surfaces PY - 2012 SN - 978-3-527-31853-7 SP - 1 EP - 466 PB - Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-25920 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zeynalov, Eldar A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian A1 - Hidde, Gundula A1 - Ibrahimov, H.J. A1 - Nasibova, G.G. T1 - 1Brominated carbon nanotubes as effective catalysts for petroleum hydrocarbons aerobic oxidation KW - Katalyse KW - Paraffinoxidation PY - 2012 SN - 0342-5622 VL - 38 IS - 1 SP - 45 EP - 48 PB - Urban-Verl. CY - Hamburg; Wien AN - OPUS4-25636 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ibrahimov, H.C. A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian A1 - Ismailov, E.H. A1 - Zeynalov, Eldar A1 - Aliyeva, A. Z. A1 - Seidov, M.I. A1 - Rustamov, M.I. T1 - Thermal and magnetic peculiarities of metal-containing carbon nano-phase formed in the reaction of fine-dispersed aluminium with dichlorethane in paraffin medium N2 - Electron magnetic resonance (EMR) spectroscopy, X-ray-fluorescent microscopy (XFM) and thermal analysis (TGA/DTA) are used to characterize the carbon nano-phase obtained in the reaction between fine-dispersed aluminium and dichlorethane in the liquid paraffin medium and its modified with Mn(II), Fe(III), Ni(II), Cu(II) chlorides forms were studied. It was shown that the solid nano-structured functionalized carbon systems containing metals possess specific magnetic and thermal properties. Key parameters of the process, influencing on the size and structure of the formed carbon nano-phase were determined. Results and regularities established in this work create presumably the certain basis for optimization of physical and chemical properties of similar systems. KW - Aluminium KW - Dichlorethane KW - Carbon nanostructure KW - Magnetic KW - Thermal properties PY - 2012 SN - 2161-6213 VL - 2 IS - 2 SP - 196 EP - 202 PB - David publishing CY - Libertyville, Illinois, USA AN - OPUS4-25639 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fahmy, A. A1 - Mix, Renate A1 - Schönhals, Andreas A1 - Friedrich, Jörg Florian T1 - Surface and bulk structure of thin spin coated and plasma-polymerized polystyrene films N2 - Polystyrene (PS) spin coated thin films were modified by O2 and Ar plasma as well as by UV irradiation treatments. The modified PS samples were compared with plasma polymerized and commercial polystyrene. The effects of plasma (O2 and Ar) and UV irradiation treatments on the surface and the bulk properties of the polymer layers were discussed. The surface properties were evaluated by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Contact angle measurements and the bulk properties were investigated by FTIR and dielectric relaxation spectroscopy. As a result only one second treatment time was sufficient to modify the surface. However, this study was also dedicated to understand the effect of plasma and plasma irradiation on the deposited layers of plasma polymers. The dielectric measurements showed that the plasma deposited films were not thermally stable and underwent an undesired post-plasma chemical oxidation. KW - Surface and bulk characterization KW - Plasma polymerization KW - Polystyrene KW - Surface modification KW - Thermal stability KW - Plasma polymers PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11090-012-9372-1 SN - 0272-4324 VL - 32 IS - 4 SP - 767 EP - 780 PB - Plenum Publ. Corp. CY - New York, NY, USA AN - OPUS4-26264 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -