TY - JOUR A1 - Rabin, Ira A1 - Schütz, R. A1 - Kohl, Anka A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Tagle, R. A1 - Pentzien, Simone A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Emmel, S. T1 - Identification and classification of historical writing inks in spectroscopy: a methodological overview N2 - The identification of the type of ink should be among the primary goals of manuscript description. Several techniques of instrumental analysis are available, and new tools have been appearing on the market, the main development having been to more portability and user friendliness. In this article, we would like to give an overview of several existing methods and of their respective advantages and the results (on the example of a Coptic manuscript) that can be obtained with their help. KW - Archaeometry KW - Non-destructive testing KW - Spectroscopy KW - Manuscript studies PY - 2012 SN - 2078-3841 VL - 3 SP - 26 EP - 30 PB - ESF CY - Strasbourg AN - OPUS4-26940 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brozowski, E. A1 - Colini, C. A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Rabin, Ira ED - Ayo, Charles K. T1 - Scientific investigations on paper and writing materials of Mali: A pilot study N2 - The investigation of physical properties and chemical composition generates data important for answering cultural-historical questions that cannot be solved by historical and philological methods alone. Due to technological developments, technical diagnostics in art and culture are in ever-greater demand in such fields of transdisciplinary research. Natural sciences play auxiliary role in the studies of manuscripts. The success of their contribution depends strongly on the formulation of the question, the choice of the methods to obtain the requested answer, and appropriate reference databases. First, report was given on the measurements performed on local raw materials, such as, plants, minerals and animals, which constitute the reference session. Then, the first results of the scientific analysis of several fragments from the Malian manuscript collections were present. KW - Manuscripts KW - Inks KW - Colorants KW - Non-destructive testing PY - 2019 DO - https://doi.org/10.5897/JASD2017.0453 SN - 2141-2189 VL - 11 IS - 3 SP - 28 EP - 50 PB - Academic Journals CY - Nairobi, Kenya AN - OPUS4-48100 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schütz, R. A1 - Maragh, J. A1 - Weaver, J. A1 - Rabin, Ira A1 - Masic, A. T1 - The Temple Scroll: Reconstructing an ancient manufacturing practice N2 - The miraculously preserved 2000-year-old Dead Sea Scrolls, ancient texts of invaluable historical significance, were discovered in the mid-20th century in the caves of the Judean desert. The texts were mainly written on parchment and exhibit vast diversity in their states of preservation. One particular scroll, the 8-m-long Temple Scroll is especially notable because of its exceptional thinness and bright ivory color. The parchment has a layered structure, consisting of a collagenous base material and an atypical inorganic overlayer. We analyzed the chemistry of the inorganic layer using x-ray and Raman spectroscopies and discovered a variety of evaporitic sulfate salts. This points toward a unique ancient production technology in which the parchment was modified through the addition of the inorganic layer as a writing surface. Furthermore, understanding the properties of these minerals is particularly critical for the development of suitable conservation methods for the preservation of these invaluable historical documents. KW - Temple Scroll KW - Dead Sea Scrolls PY - 2019 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-495314 DO - https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaw7494 VL - 5 IS - 9 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - AAAS AN - OPUS4-49531 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -