TY - GEN A1 - Wendrich, Astrid A1 - Maierhofer, Christiane A1 - Hamann, M. A1 - Hennen, Ch. A1 - Knupfer, B. A1 - Marchisio, M. A1 - da Porto, F. A1 - Binda, L. A1 - Zanzi, L. ED - Venzmer, H. T1 - Zerstörungsfreie Struktur- und Feuchteuntersuchungen im Alten Museum in Berlin im Rahmen des EU-Projektes ONSITEFOR-MASONRY T2 - 15. Hanseatische Sanierungstage 2004 - Fassadeninstandsetzung CY - Rostock, Deutschland DA - 2004-11-12 KW - Zerstörungsfreie Untersuchung KW - Altes Museum KW - Radar KW - Ultraschall KW - Seismik KW - Geoelektrik KW - Flat Jack PY - 2004 SN - 3-345-00876-9 SP - 10 Seiten PB - Huss-Medien CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-5602 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maierhofer, Christiane A1 - Hamann, M. A1 - Hennen, C. A1 - Knupfer, B. A1 - Marchisio, M. A1 - da Porto, F. A1 - Binda, L. A1 - Zanzi, L. T1 - Structural evaluation of historic walls and columns in the Altes Museum in Berlin using non-destructive testing methods T2 - Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions / 4th International Seminar on Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions, November 10-13, 2004, Padova, Italy (Proceedings) CY - Padova, Italy DA - 2004-11-10 KW - Non-destructive testing KW - Historic masonry KW - Case studies KW - Structural modelling PY - 2004 SN - 04-1536-379-9 SP - 331 EP - 341 PB - Taylor & Francis CY - London AN - OPUS4-4910 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pauli, Jutta A1 - Grabolle, Markus A1 - Brehm, Robert A1 - Spieles, Monika A1 - Hamann, F.M. A1 - Wenzel, M. A1 - Hilger, I. A1 - Resch-Genger, Ute T1 - Suitable labels for molecular imaging - influence of dye structure and hydrophilicity on the spectroscopic properties of IpG conjugates N2 - Aiming at the design of highly brilliant NIR emissive optical probes, e.g., for in vivo near-infrared fluorescence imaging (NIRF), we studied the absorption and fluorescence properties of the asymmetric cyanines Dy678, Dy681, Dy682, and Dy676 conjugated to the model antibody IgG. The ultimate goal was here to derive general structure–property relationships for suitable NIR fluorescent labels. These Dy dyes that spectrally match Cy5 and Cy5.5, respectively, were chosen to differ in chromophore structure, i.e., in the substitution pattern of the benzopyrylium end group and in the number of sulfonic acid groups. Spectroscopic studies of the free and IgG-bound fluorophores revealed a dependence of the obtained dye-to-protein ratios on dye hydrophilicity and control of the fluorescence quantum yields (Φf) of the IgG conjugates by the interplay of different fluorescence reduction pathways like dye aggregation and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Based upon aggregation studies with these dyes, the amount of dye dimers in the IgG conjugates was determined pointing to dye hydrophilicity as major parameter controlling aggregation. To gain further insight into the exact mechanism of dye dimerization at the protein, labeling experiments at different reaction conditions but constant dye-to-protein ratios in the reaction solution were performed. With Dy682 that displays a Φf of 0.20 in PBS and 0.10 for moderate dye-to-protein ratio of 2.5, a low aggregation tendency, and a superior reactivity in IgG labeling, we identified a promising diagnostic tool for the design of NIR fluorescent probes and protein conjugates. KW - In vivo fluorescence imaging KW - NIR fluorophore KW - Fluorescence quantum yield KW - Cyanine KW - IpG KW - Protein labelling KW - Aggregation KW - Homo-FRET PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/bc1004763 SN - 1043-1802 SN - 1520-4812 VL - 22 IS - 7 SP - 1298 EP - 1308 PB - ACS Publications CY - Washington, DC AN - OPUS4-24156 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Hamann, M. A1 - Kubowitz, P. A1 - Habel, Wolfgang A1 - Hofmann, Detlef T1 - Hochleistungsholztragwerke - HHT - Entwicklung von hochbelastbaren Verbundbauweisen im Holzbau mit faserverstärkten Kunststoffen, technischen Textilien und Formpressholz - Aufstockung: Ersteinsatz von optischen Messfasern in Holzbauteilen KW - Holzbau KW - Hochleistungsholztragwerke KW - Verbundbauweise KW - Hybridbauteile KW - Faseroptische Sensorik KW - Faser-Bragg-Gitter KW - Optische Messverfahren KW - Monitoring KW - Brückenbau KW - Bauwerksüberwachung KW - Applizierungstechnologie PY - 2013 SN - 978-3-9815360-8-9 IS - BMBF-Vorhaben 0330722B SP - 1 EP - 103 PB - BAM Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-27958 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Maierhofer, Christiane A1 - Köpp, Christian A1 - Hamann, M. A1 - Hennen, C. A1 - Binda, L. A1 - Saisi, A. A1 - Zanzi, L. T1 - Non-destructive investigation of structural elements of the "Altes Museum" in Berlin N2 - Strategies and methodologies for the assessment of historic masonry structures based on non-destructive and minor-destructive testing methods were developed in the European Research Project ONSITEFORMASONRY and were successfully applied to assess the structure and material properties of selected structural elements in the Altes Museum in Berlin-Mitte. For the planning of a broad reconstruction within the framework of a master plan concerning the whole of Museum Island in Berlin, several questions arose which are also typical for other historic structures in general, thus the Altes Museum was chosen as a pilot site for the validation of non-destructive testing methods. KW - Non-destructive testing KW - Historic masonry KW - Radar KW - Columns KW - Cupola KW - Anchors PY - 2008 SN - 978-1-84564-106-1 DO - https://doi.org/10.2495/HPSM080521 SN - 1746-4498 SN - 1743-3509 VL - 97 SP - 513 EP - 522 PB - WIT Press CY - Southampton [u.a.] AN - OPUS4-17890 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hamann, M. A1 - Maierhofer, Christiane A1 - Hennen, Ch. A1 - Knupfer, B. A1 - Marchisio, M. A1 - da Porto, A1 - Binda, L. A1 - Zanzi, L. T1 - Structural evaluation of historic walls and columns in the Altes Museum in Berlin using non-destructive testing methods T2 - Proceedings of the 4th International Seminar on Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions CY - Padua, Italy DA - 2004-11-10 PY - 2004 AN - OPUS4-4812 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Maierhofer, Christiane A1 - Hamann, M. A1 - Hennen, Ch. T1 - Strukturuntersuchungen an historischem Mauerwerk mit zerstörungsfreien Prüfverfahren. Fallstudien des EU-Projektes ONSITEFORMASONRY: Altes Museum Berlin und Wartburg T2 - Rescon, Studientage für Konservierung und Restaurierung CY - Erfurt, Germany DA - 2004-06-25 PY - 2004 AN - OPUS4-4810 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hamann, M. A1 - Kubowitz, P. A1 - Hofmann, Detlef ED - Xu, Y. L. ED - Zhu, S. ED - Xia, Y. ED - Ni, Y.Q. ED - Law, S.S. ED - Yin, J. H. ED - Su, Z.Q. T1 - Scale of intelligence in hybrid bridge structures - new aspects of monitoring by using fibre-optic sensors in timber elements N2 - In structural engineering timber is appreciated due to its low weight, its high aesthetic quality and because it is a renewable resource. The market share of timber structures and wood based hybrid structures will clearly increase over the next few years due to greater environmental awareness and a higher demand for sustainability. However, building with timber is marked by characteristics which lead to significant disadvantages in comparison wifh technical materials. For example, in outdoor areas Chemical and structural approaches offen lead to unsatisfactory and expensive Solutions with respect to durability. An idea is to make natural lumber a high-performance material which can be designed to meet the engineers’ demands conceming strength, stiffness, durability, shape, safety etc. These changes can affect the material itself, new technologies or a new approach to monitoring. Especially hybrids made of common timber products and technical textiles or enhanced timber products are high-capacitive and reach high bearing strengths with low material input and good durability. These hybrids are particularly qualified to use the advantages of wood and minimize the disadvantages. They can be used in different ways for load bearing structures, i.e. bridges. New construction types need monitoring to observe the stress and strains for which they were designed, and the structures’ behaviour as well as to guarantee required safety levels. The aim of successful usage of fibre optic measurement technology in timber elements was the development of a technology for measuring the lengthening in timber elements and wood based hybrid elements by using fibre optic sensors. The scientific and technical challenge was to develop an applicationtechnology for optical glass fibres in timber and densified veneer wood. In laboratory tests as well as with the erection of a footbridge and during in-situ tests it could be shown that the structurally integrated fibre optic sensor technology used is suitable for short and long term measurement. The developed embedment technology tums out to be practical and fit for good transfer of strain-values from timber to the modified sensor fibres. T2 - SHMII-6 - 6th International conference on structural health monitoring of intelligent infrastructure CY - Hong Kong, China DA - 09.12.2013 KW - Structural health monitoring KW - Structural engineering KW - Timber KW - Composites KW - Hybrid construction types KW - Fibre optic sensor technology KW - Sensor fibres PY - 2013 SN - 978-962-367-768-4 SP - 1 EP - 10 AN - OPUS4-29913 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hamann, Christopher A1 - Spanka, M. A1 - Stolle, Dirk A1 - Auer, G. A1 - Weingart, Eric A1 - Al-Sabbagh, Dominik A1 - Ostermann, Markus A1 - Adam, Christian T1 - Recycling of blast-furnace sludge by thermochemical treatment with spent iron(II) chloride solution from steel pickling N2 - One of the typical wastes produced in blast-furnace (BF) ironmaking is BF sludge, which mostly consists of carbon and iron oxides, but also contains toxic trace metals such as Zn, Pb, Cd, As, and Hg that render the material hazardous. Due to the lack of an established recycling process, BF sludges are landfilled, which is ecologically questionable and costly. Here, we investigate selective removal of Zn, Pb, and Cd from BF sludge by chlorination–evaporation reactions using thermodynamic modelling and laboratory-scale experiments. Specifically, BF sludge was thermochemically treated at 650–1000 °C with a spent iron(II) chloride solution from steel pickling and the effects of process temperature and retention time on removal of Zn, Pb, and Cd were investigated. Zinc and Pb were quantitatively removed from BF sludge thermochemically treated at 900–1000 °C, whereas Fe and C as well as other major elements were mostly retained. The Zn, Pb, and Cd contents in the thermochemically treated BF sludge could be lowered from ∼56 g/kg, ∼4 g/kg, and ∼0.02 g/kg to ≤0.7 g/kg, ≤0.02 g/kg, and ≤0.008 g/kg, respectively, thus rendering the processed mineral residue a non-hazardous raw material that may be re-utilized in the blast furnace or on the sinter band. KW - Blast-furnace sludge KW - Selective chlorination KW - Zinc chloride PY - 2021 DO - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123511 SN - 0304-3894 VL - 402 IS - 123511 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-51141 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hamann, Christopher A1 - Adam, Christian A1 - Stolle, Dirk A1 - Spanka, M. A1 - Auer, G. T1 - Thermochemical treatment of waste products from iron and steel production N2 - Blast furnace (BF) sludge and electric arc furnace (EAF) dust are typical wastes that incur from iron and steel production. In addition to iron, calcium, carbon, and silicon they usually contain high concentrations of heavy metals such as zinc, lead, and cadmium that are potentially hazardous to the environment, rendering disposal in landfills ecologically problematic and costly. Consequently, pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical, and hybrid methods for selective elimination of non-ferrous heavy metals from BF sludge and EAF dust have been conceived, of which only the carbothermic reduction route taken in the so-called Waelz rotary kiln process has been proven to be economically successful. However, this process has several drawbacks regarding efficiency of heavy-metal removal and recovery of iron, and it does not allow processing of BF sludge. In this study, we investigated the efficiency and feasibility of selective chlorination and evaporation of non-ferrous heavy metals, particularly zinc and lead, in both BF sludge and EAF dust as an alternative, thermochemical processing route. To this end, hydrochloric acid and iron(II) chloride solution have been used as chlorinating agents, and the process of heavy-metal chlorination and evaporation has been investigated under inert operating conditions, at variable chlorine concentrations, and at temperatures between 500 and 1200 °C. High zinc and lead removal efficiencies of > 99.5 % were achieved with both chlorinating agents, but iron(II) chloride turned out to be overall more efficient for removal of zinc and lead from BF sludge and EAF dust. Interestingly, and in contrast to previous studies, the iron was completely retained in the processed solid residue, therefore rendering the processed residues virtually zinc- and lead-free raw materials that may either be used internally (e.g., feeding processed BF sludge and EAF dust back into the respective furnaces) or externally (e.g., for cement production). T2 - European Metallurgical Conference 2019 CY - Düsseldorf, Germany DA - 23.06.2019 KW - Blast furnace sludge KW - Electric arc furnace dust KW - Recycling KW - Selective chlorination KW - Zinc PY - 2019 SN - 978-3-940276-89-6 VL - 3 SP - 1267 EP - 1282 PB - GDMB CY - Clausthal-Zellerfeld AN - OPUS4-48362 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Auer, G. A1 - Spanka, M. A1 - Hamann, Christopher A1 - Adam, Christian T1 - Thermal zinc extraction from steel mill dust N2 - Treatment and reusing of hazardous wastes have become significant issues of modern societies. Blast furnace sludge (BFS) and electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) are such typical wastes, because they usually contain high amounts of undesirable elements such as zinc (Zn) and lead (Pb). These elements can cause operational problems in reusing of BFS and EAFD. In this study, the Ferro Duo GmbH and the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing have investigated a novel approach for eliminating and/or recovering Zn and Pb from both wastes. Applied was a selective chlorination and volatilization of Zn and Pb as chlorides at temperatures between 500 °C and 1100 °C. Both product obtained, Zn and Pb in the form of ZnCl2 and PbCl2 and the purified solid mineral compound are attractive materials for further use. Hydrochloric acid and iron(II) chloride were used as chlorination agents. Exceptionally high Zn and Pb removal efficiencies of >99.5 % could be achieved with both chlorination agents, whereby iron(II) chloride exhibited better performance. KW - Blast furnace sludge KW - Chlorination KW - Electric arc furnace dust KW - Lead KW - Zinc KW - Thermochemical treatment PY - 2019 SN - 1613-2394 VL - 72 IS - 1 SP - 27 EP - 31 PB - GDMB Verlag GmbH CY - Clausthal-Zellerfeld AN - OPUS4-47288 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hamann, Christopher A1 - Spanka, M. A1 - Stolle, Dirk A1 - Adam, Christian A1 - Auer, G. ED - Thiel, S. ED - Holm, O. ED - Thomé-Kozmiensky, E. ED - Goldmann, D. ED - Friedrich, B. T1 - Rückgewinnung von Zink aus Stahlwerksstäuben durch gemeinsame Behandlung mit chloridhaltigen Reststoffen N2 - Dieser Beitrag beschreibt die Entwicklung eines neuen chemischen Verfahrens, das in einem Kooperationsprojekt zwischen der Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) und der Ferro Duo GmbH entwickelt wird. Mit dem entwickelten Verfahren soll es ermöglicht werden, schwermetallhaltige Filterstäube und -schlämme wie Gichtgasschlämme oder Elektroofenstäube, die als Abfälle während der Produktion von Roheisen und Rohstahl anfallen und die derzeit größtenteils deponiert werden, zu recyceln und die darin enthaltenen Wertstoffe (v.a. Eisen, Kohlenstoff und Zink) wieder in den Rohstoffkreislauf zurückzugeben. Das Verfahren basiert auf dem Prinzip der Chlorierung der in den Filterstäuben und -schlämmen enthaltenen Schwermetalloxide nach Zugabe eines flüssigen Chlordonators wie Eisen(II)-chlorid-Lösung oder Salzsäure. Die so chlorierten Schwermetalloxide werden bei Temperaturen zwischen 650 und 1100 °C in Form von Schwermetallchloriden verdampft und so selektiv vom behandelten Feststoff separiert. Erste experimentelle Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Gehalte an Schwermetallen wie Zink, Blei und Cadmium um bis zu 99,7% reduziert werden können und die thermochemisch behandelten Filterstäube und -schlämme durch das Verfahren in sekundäre, im Wesentlichen aus Eisenoxiden bestehenden Rohstoffe für die Roheisenproduktion umgewandelt werden können. Da die chlorhaltigen Lösungen selbst Abfallstoffe aus anderen Industriezweigen sind (z.B. aus der Titandioxidproduktion oder der Stahlbeize), vereint das hier entwickelte Verfahren auf elegante Weise zwei Abfallstoffströme und wandelt diese in sekundäre Rohstoffe – einem mineralischen Rohstoff für die Roheisenproduktion sowie Zinkchlorid – um. KW - Zink KW - Recycling KW - Gichtgasschlamm KW - Elektroofenstaub KW - Ressourcenrückgewinnung PY - 2019 SN - 978-3-944310-46-6 VL - Band 12 SP - 593 EP - 605 PB - Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH CY - Neuruppin AN - OPUS4-47527 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -