TY - JOUR A1 - Larcher, M. A1 - Arrigoni, M. A1 - Bedon, C. A1 - van Doormaal, A. A1 - Haberacker, C. A1 - Hüsken, Götz A1 - Millon, O. A1 - Saarenheimo, A. A1 - Solomos, G. A1 - Thamie, L. A1 - Valsamos, G. A1 - Williams, A. A1 - Stolz, A. T1 - Design of blast-loaded glazing windows and facades: a review of essential requirements towards standardization N2 - The determination of the blast protection level of laminated glass windows and facades is of crucial importance, and it is normally done by using experimental investigations. In recent years numericalmethods have becomemuch more powerful also with respect to this kind of application. This paper attempts to give a first idea of a possible standardization concerning such numerical simulations. Attention is drawn to the representation of the blast loading and to the proper description of the behaviour of the material of the mentioned products, to the geometrical meshing, and to the modelling of the connections of the glass components to the main structure.The need to validate the numerical models against reliable experimental data, some of which are indicated, is underlined. KW - Standardization KW - Facades KW - Glazing windows KW - Blast-load KW - Design PY - 2016 DO - https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/2604232 SN - 1687-8094 VL - 2016 SP - Article 2604232, 1 EP - 14 PB - Hindawi Publishing Corporation AN - OPUS4-37124 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Weise, Frank A1 - Hüsken, Götz T1 - Ringversuch zum statischen Spaltzugversuch nach AL Sp-Beton N2 - Für die rechnerische Dimensionierung der Betondecken im Oberbau von Verkehrsflächen für den Neubau sowie die Erneuerung nach RDO-Beton 09 ist die statische Spaltzugfestigkeit an der unteren und oberen Bohrkernscheibe entsprechend der Vorgaben der AL Sp-Beton zu bestimmen. Aufgrund der unzureichenden Kenntnis der Präzision dieses Prüfverfahrens wurden, basierend auf dem Entwurf des FGSV-Merkblatts zur statistischen Auswertung von Prüfergebnissen, mit einem breit aufgestellten Ringversuch die statistischen Kennwerte an Labor- und Bestandsbetonen unter Vergleich- und Wiederholbedingungen ermittelt. Zur möglichst guten statistischen Absicherung nahmen an dem Ringversuch dreizehn erfahrene Prüfstellen teil, die vorab einem Audit unterzogen wurden. Zur Abdeckung des vielschichtigen Einsatzes des Prüfverfahrens erfolgte der Ringversuch an acht Prüflosen, die sowohl die Erst-/ Eignungsprüfung und Übereinstimmungskontrolle bei Neubaumaßnahmen, als auch die Restsubstanzbewertung von Betonfahrbahnplatten berücksichtigen. Zur Bewertung des Materialeinflusses wurde zusätzlich ein Prüflos mit Labormörtel untersucht. Die Probenvorbereitung erfolgte zentral an der BAM. Zur Sicherstellung einheitlicher Prüfbedingungen bei den Prüfstellen wurde zusätzlich eine detaillierte Standardarbeitsanweisung erarbeitet, die partiell bereits Eingang in das Normenwerk gefunden hat. Bei der Plausibilitätsprüfung aller prüflosspezifischen Einzelwerte der Spaltzug- und Druckfestigkeit wurden vereinzelt sowohl Ausführungsfehler als auch Übertragungs- und Tippfehler festgestellt. Der sich anschließende Lilliefors-Test zeigt, dass die ermittelten Einzelwerte bis auf wenige Aus-nahmen normalverteilt sind und damit die Voraussetzungen für die statistische Auswertung gegeben sind. Mittels grafischer Darstellung der Mandel’s h- und k-Werte wurden die Auffälligkeiten hinsichtlich der Mittelwerte und Varianzen prüflosspezifisch für die einzelnen Prüfstellen visualisiert und anschließend einige von ihnen mittels Grubbs- und Cochran-Test als Ausreißer identifiziert. Nach Ausreißerelimination wurde mit dem klassischen Verfahren bei der Spaltzugfestigkeit der geringste Variationskoeffizient unter Vergleich- und Wiederholbedingungen bei der Erst-/Eignungsprüfung mit 6,2 und 6,4 Prozent ermittelt. Bei einer Verminderung des Materialeinflusses durch die Verwendung eines Labormörtels verbessern sich die statistischen Kennwerte auf 4,5 und 5,3 Prozent. Mit 8,2 und 9,5 Prozent beziehungsweise 8,6 und 9,5 Prozent werden bei der Restsubstanzbewertung von Wasch- und Unterbetonen die höchsten Werte bestimmt. Das robuste Auswerteverfahren (ohne Eliminierung der Ausreißer) nach dem Entwurf des FGSV-Merkblatts zur statistischen Auswertung von Prüfergebnissen erwies sich in der Form als ungeeignet und bedurfte einer Überarbeitung. Bezüglich der vergleichend mit klassischen und robusten Verfahren gewonnenen Kennwerte ist festzustellen, dass bei sehr homogenen Messergebnissen eines Prüfloses beide Verfahren nahezu die gleichen statistischen Kennwerte liefern. Bei der Eliminierung von Ausreißern sind die Ergebnisse des robusten Verfahrens in der Regel etwas größer als die des klassischen Verfahrens. Die begleitenden vertiefenden Untersuchungen bei der Spaltzugprüfung mit innovativen Prüftechniken lieferten wertvolle Erkenntnisse zur Bewertung der Prüfeinflüsse. N2 - The computational design of concrete pavements according to the requirements of the RDO-Beton 09 requires the splitting tensile strength to be determined according to specifications of the AL Sp-Beton. However, detailed information on the precision of the described test procedure is missing. Therefore, a round robin test was set up in order to determine the statistical parameters of the prescribed splitting tensile strength test on laboratory concrete and cores extracted from concrete pavements in terms of repeatability and reproducibility. 13 testing institutes have been involved in the round robin test to guarantee a representative coverage of the sector. The selected testing institutes have been audited prior the round robin test in order to ensure their capabilities. The round robin test was divided into 8 testing lots for covering the broad field of possible applications. Thereby, the testing lots cover both the initial testing of concrete and quality control of new construction. The latter case implies also the assessment of existing concrete pavements. Additionally, a cementitious mortar was designed in order to consider the influence of the material, such as maximum grain size, on the test procedure. The samples were prepared at BAM to guarantee a uniform sample preparation. Furthermore, a standard operating procedure was prepared to assure constant test conditions at the testing institutes. This standard operating procedure is already partly considered by the corresponding standard. A revision of the data reported by the testing institutes revealed that execution errors, transcription errors as well as typing errors occurred. However, a Lilliefors-Test was conducted to verify the Gaussian distribution of the reported test data and to allow the further statistical analysis. Only view data sets do not follow a Gaussian distribution, has no remarkable influence on the obtained statistical data. By means of the graphical illustration of Mandel’s h- and k-values, abnormalities of the arithmetic mean and variance are depicted. These apparent abnormalities can be identified as outliers using the Grubbs and Cochran test. After eliminating the identified outliers, the corresponding statistical parameters have been determined using the classical method for data analysis. The lowest coefficient of variation that was determined for the splitting tensile strength by using the classical method for assessment of the repeatability and reproducibility of the test procedure amounts to 6.2 and 6.4%, respectively, for the initial testing of concrete. Reducing the material influence by using a cementitious mortar, the corresponding statistical parameters were reduced to 4.5 and 5.3%. On the contrary, the highest statistical values were obtained for the assessment of existing concrete pavements. Here, values of 8.2 and 9.5% were obtained for the exposed aggregate concrete and 8.6 and 9.5% for the subconcrete, respectively. The robust method for data analysis (without elimination of outliers) according to the draft version of the technical bulletin of the FGSV turned out to be inappropriate and required, therefore, a revision. Comparing the statistical parameters obtained by the classical and robust method used for data analysis it can be stated that both methods result in nearly identical values for homogeneous data sets without outliers. Considering outliers in the existing data sets, the statistical parameters obtained by the robust method are slightly higher than the values obtained by the classical method with elimination of outliers. The additional investigations on the splitting tensile strength using innovative test procedures provided valuable findings for the assessment of test results. KW - Verfahrenspräzision KW - Betonfahrbahndecke KW - Prüfverfahren AL Sp-Beton KW - Spaltzugfestigkeit KW - Ringversuch PY - 2022 SN - 978-3-95606-688-7 SN - 0943-9323 VL - Straßenbau Heft S 178 SP - 1 EP - 90 PB - Fachverlag NW in der Carl Ed. Schünemann KG CY - Bremen AN - OPUS4-54957 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Shamsuddoha, Md A1 - Hüsken, Götz A1 - Baeßler, Matthias A1 - Kühne, Hans-Carsten A1 - Thiele, Marc T1 - Critical factors affecting the capacity of cylindrical grouted connections in offshore energy structures N2 - Current trend suggests that global energy consumption will increase in the future. This growing energy demand and advancement of technology lead to explore all potential offshore fossil and non-fossil energy sources, necessitating erection of exploration and production structures, rigs, platforms and towers, which are susceptible to adverse environmental conditions along with their maintenances. Cylindrical grouted joints provide suitable connections between steel substructure and foundation in these offshore platforms and wind structures especially monopiles for ease of installation. However, these are composite connections with exterior sleeve, interior pile and infill grout. The capacity of these connections is affected by number of factors. The literature over last four decades by numerous researchers has shown the development of these connections with increasingly higher capacities and influences on these capacities due to various factors. This paper provides a comprehensive review on the factors affecting the connection capacity along with technical challenges for the future. Critical aspects and shortcomings of the current connection systems and potential solutions may be sought after for these issues are also discussed. T2 - 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering CY - Trondheim, Norway DA - 25.06.2017 KW - Offshore wind energy KW - Grouted connection KW - Joint capacity KW - Shear keys PY - 2017 SN - 978-0-7918-5766-3 DO - https://doi.org/10.1115/OMAE2017-62510 VL - 3B SP - UNSP V03BT02A037, 1 EP - 10 AN - OPUS4-42387 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Shamsuddoha,, Md A1 - Hüsken, Götz A1 - Pirskawetz, Stephan A1 - Baeßler, Matthias A1 - Kühne, Hans-Carsten A1 - Thiele, Marc T1 - Remediation of Cracks Formed in Grouted Connections of Offshore Energy Structures under Static Loads N2 - The future energy demand necessitates the exploration of all potential energy sources both onshore and offshore. Global trend has shifted towards offshore energy, which can be obtained from either carbon intensive or renewable options, hence requiring structures such as rigs, platforms, and monopiles. Most of these structures adopt easily installable construction techniques, where lower foundation need to be connected with the super structure by mean of grouted composite joints. Generally, these composite connections have exterior sleeve, interior pile and infill grout. Being located in remote offshore conditions, connections can experience considerable adverse loading during their lifetimes. Degradations were reported inside similar connections, which were installed in last three decades. Besides, grouting in the offshore sites may often be proven difficult, which eventually leads to reduced capacity of connections in the long run. Thus, repair and rehabilitation of such connections should be planned ahead to minimize operational delays and costs in the future. This study aims at characterizing the nature of crack generation in grouted connections and thereby identifying the potential of repair using suitable repair material. Scaled grouted joints were manufactured using a novel mold, and connections were loaded under static load to visualize the main failure pattern. The failure mechanism and loading capacity are found compatible to previous results from earlier literature. Grouted connection was then repaired using cementitious injectable grout. The effectiveness of the repair system is also discussed. T2 - Twenty-eighth (2018) International Ocean and Polar Engineering Conference CY - Sapporo, Japan DA - 10.06.2018 KW - Offshore KW - Energy KW - Grouted Connection KW - Cracks KW - Repair KW - Rehabilitation PY - 2018 SP - 120 EP - 126 AN - OPUS4-45227 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Viefhues, Eva A1 - Ünal, Murat A1 - Hüsken, Götz A1 - Wellershoff, F. A1 - Mehdianpour, Milad T1 - Zementgebundenes Crashmaterial für Schutzbauteile in explosionsbeanspruchten Fassaden N2 - Die Forderung, für repräsentative Bauwerke wie Botschaften und Flughäfen auch außergewöhnliche Lasten aus Explosion zu berücksichtigen, wurde in jüngerer Vergangenheit zunehmend gestellt. Das aufgrund dieser Lasten zu erwartende Schadensausmaß kann durch den Einsatz von energiedissipierenden Schutzbauteilen in der Fassadenbefestigung begrenzt werden. Die Dissipation der Explosionsenergie in den Schutzbauteilen kann beispielsweise über ein Crashmaterial erfolgen. In diesem Aufsatz werden Untersuchungen an zementgebundenen Materialien, die diesem Zweck dienen sollen, vorgestellt. Der Einfluss unterschiedlicher Zusätze auf die für ein Crashmaterial maßgebenden Eigenschaften wird in einer Parameterstudie untersucht. Als besonders geeignet wird ein Material identifiziert, bei dem die Zugabe eines Gasbildners das Matrixgefüge im Hinblick auf das gewünschte Kraft-Verformungs-Verhalten positiv verändert. Dynamische Versuche mit diesem Material geben Aufschluss über dessen Komprimierungsverhalten bei hohen Stauchraten.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- In the past few years public awareness of the need to protect structures against blast effects has risen. Energy dissipating protective components placed at the façade connectors allow protecting people in the building as well as the primary building structure from damage due to blast loads. One possibility to dissipate the blast energy is using protective components with crash material. This paper presents tests on cementitious crash materials studying the effect of different additives to the compression-behavior of the material. Additional experiments enable analyzing the material behavior under static and dynamic test conditions. KW - Explosionsbeanspruchung KW - Energiedissipation KW - Fassadenverankerung KW - Materialkennlinie KW - Crashmaterial KW - Crashkörper KW - Energy dissipation KW - Façade connector KW - Material behavior KW - Crash-material KW - Entwurf und Konstruktion KW - Baustoffe KW - Building materials KW - Conception and design KW - Blast loads PY - 2014 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/bate.201400041 SN - 0932-8351 SN - 1437-0999 SN - 0005-6820 SN - 0341-1052 SN - 0932-6359 VL - 91 IS - 8 SP - 567 EP - 571 PB - Ernst & Sohn CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-31343 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Quercia, G. A1 - Van der Putten, J.J.G. A1 - Hüsken, Götz A1 - Brouwers, H.J.H. T1 - Photovoltaic's silica-rich waste sludge as supplementary cementitious material (SCM) N2 - Waste sludge, a solid recovered from wastewater of photovoltaic-industries, composes of agglomerates of nano-particles like SiO2 and CaCO3. This sludge deflocculates in aqueous solutions into nano-particles smaller than 1 µm. Thus, this sludge constitutes a potentially hazardous waste when it is improperly disposed. Due to its high content of amorphous SiO2, this sludge has a potential use as supplementary cementitious material (SCM) in concrete. In this study the main properties of three different samples of photovoltaic's silica-rich waste sludge (nSS) were physically and chemically characterized. The characterization techniques included: scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen physical adsorption isotherm (BET method), density by Helium pycnometry, particle size distribution determined by laser light scattering (LLS) and zeta-potential measurements by dynamic light scattering (DLS). In addition, a dispersability study was performed to design stable slurries to be used as liquid additives for the concrete production on site. The effects on the hydration kinetics of cement pastes by the incorporation of nSS in the designed slurries were determined using an isothermal calorimeter. A compressive strength test of standard mortars with 7% of cement replacement was performed to determine the pozzolanic activity of the waste nano-silica sludge. Finally, the hardened system was fully characterized to determine the phase composition. The results demonstrate that the nSS can be utilized as SCM to replace portion of cement in mortars, thereby decreasing the CO2 footprint and the environmental impact of concrete. KW - Nano-silica sludge (D) KW - Supplementary cementitious materials (D) KW - Pozzolanic index (C) KW - Mortar (E) PY - 2013 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2013.08.010 SN - 0008-8846 SN - 1873-3948 VL - 54 SP - 161 EP - 179 PB - Pergamon Press CY - New York, NY AN - OPUS4-30384 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Quercia, G. A1 - Spiesz, P. A1 - Hüsken, Götz A1 - Brouwers, H.J.H. T1 - SCC modification by use of amorphous nano-silica N2 - In this study two different types of nano-silica (nS) were applied in self-compacting concrete (SCC), both having similar particle size distributions (PSD), but produced through two different processes: fumed powder silica and precipitated silica in colloidal suspension. The influence of nano-silica on SCC was investigated with respect to the properties of concrete in fresh (workability) and hardened state (mechanical properties and durability). Additionally, the densification of the microstructure of the hardened concrete was verified by SEM and EDS analyses. The obtained results demonstrate that nano-silica efficiently used in SCC can improve its mechanical properties and durability. Considering the reactivity of the two applied nano-silicas, the colloidal type showed a higher reactivity at early age, which influenced the final SCC properties. KW - Nano-silica KW - Self compacting concrete KW - Durability KW - Chloride KW - Freeze-thaw PY - 2014 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2013.09.001 SN - 0958-9465 SN - 1873-393X VL - 45 SP - 69 EP - 81 PB - Elsevier CY - Barking, Essex AN - OPUS4-30385 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Quercia, G. A1 - Hüsken, Götz A1 - Brouwers, H.J.H. T1 - Effect of olivine nano-silica additions on the fresh and hardened behaviour of cement pastes and mortars N2 - The high demand for sustainable and durable building materials requires profound knowledge on the material properties. In this respect, the phenomena occurring at nano-level are of crucial importance for the design of new building materials. Therefore, all around the world, increasing amounts of funding are being directed to research projects dealing with material properties on nano-level, which is claimed to have tremendous potential for the future. One of the most referred to and used cementitious nano-material is amorphous silica with a particle size in the nano-range, even though its application and effects on concrete have not been fully understood yet. Olivine (Mg,Fe)2Si04 is the fastest weathering siiicate mineral dissolving easily in acid. Düring dissolution in acid the metallic ions (Mg2+,Fe2+) are replaced by H+, yielding Si(OH)4 monomers and metallic ions in solution. After cleaning treatments an amorphous nano-silica is obtained. The produced olivine nano-silica (OnS) has a specific surface area between 100 and 400 m2/g, the size of the primary particles, which are agglomerated in Clusters, ranges from 10 to 25 nm and the impurity content is below 5 % IV. Literature related with the application of OnS in cement based materials is scarce; only one research work performed by Justnes and Ostnor 121 is available. Thus, the effect of adding OnS in cement based Systems has been not studied. Based on this, the present research aims on elucidating the effects of OnS in the fresh and hardened state of cement pastes and mortars. T2 - 1st International conference on the chemistry of construction materials CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 07.10.2013 KW - Nano-silica KW - Self compacting concrete KW - Durability KW - Chloride KW - Freeze-thaw PY - 2013 SN - 978-3-936028-75-1 SP - 179 EP - 182 AN - OPUS4-30410 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weise, Frank A1 - Hüsken, Götz A1 - Niedack-Nad, Marianne A1 - Wieland, M. T1 - AL Sp-Beton - Präzision des Prüfverfahrens N2 - Für die rechnerische Dimensionierung der Betondecken im Oberbau von Verkehrsflächen für den Neubau sowie die Erneuerung nach RDO Beton 09 ist die statische Spaltzugfestigkeit an der unteren bzw. unteren und oberen Scheibe des Betonzylinders bzw. Bohrkerns entsprechend der Vorgaben der AL Sp-Beton zu bestimmen. Aufgrund der unzureichenden Kenntnis der Präzision dieses Prüfverfahrens wurden mit einem breit aufgestellten Ringversuch die statistischen Kennwerte an Labor- und Bestandsbetonen unter Vergleich- und Wiederholbedingungen auf der Grundlage des „Merkblatts über die statistische Auswertung von Prüfergebnissen" ermittelt. Für eine möglichst gute statistische Absicherung nahmen an dem Ringversuch 13 erfahrene Prüfstellen teil. Zur Abdeckung des vielschichtigen Einsatzes des Prüfverfahrens erfolgte der Ringversuch an acht Prüflosen. Dabei berücksichtigen einerseits die Prüf lose 1 und 2 mit den im Transportbetonwerk hergestellten Betonzylindern die Erst-/Eignungsprüfung und das darauf aufbauende Prüflos 3 mit Bohrkernen aus einer im Feldversuch hergestellten Fahrbahnplatte mit gleicher Betonrezeptur die Übereinstimmungskontrolle bei Neubaumaßnahmen. Andererseits findet der Einsatz des Prüfverfahrens bei der Restsubstanzbewertung von Betonfahrbahnplatten bei den Prüflosen 4 bis 7 mit den Bohrkernen aus vier in Waschbetonbauweise ausgeführten Fahrbahnplatten Berücksichtigung. Das zusätzlich aufgenommene Prüflos 8 mit einem Labormörtel dient der Herausarbeitung des Materialeinflusses auf die Präzision der Spaltzugfestigkeitsprüfung. Zusammenfassend kann festgestellt werden, dass die Präzision der in der AL SP-Beton beschriebenen Spaltzugfestigkeitsprüfung mit einem Variationskoeffizienten von weniger als 10 % unter Wiederhol- und Vergleichbedingungen hinreichend genau ist. Der geringe Unterschied zwischen den Variationskoeffizienten unter Wiederhol- und Vergleichbedingungen lässt zusätzlich den Schluss zu, dass der Einfluss des unterschiedlichen Personals und der verschiedenartigen Prüftechniken bei den einzelnen Prüfstellen relativ gering ist. Die im Rahmen des Ringversuchs gewonnenen Erkenntnisse haben bereits partiell Eingang in die Normung gefunden. T2 - Betonstraßentagung 2013 CY - Karlsruhe, Germany DA - 19.09.2013 KW - Spaltzugfestigkeit KW - Ringversuch KW - Präzision KW - Vergleich- und Wiederholbedingungen PY - 2013 SN - 978-3-86446-076-0 N1 - Serientitel: FGSV-Schriftenreihe der Arbeitsgruppe Betonbauweisen – Series title: FGSV-Schriftenreihe der Arbeitsgruppe Betonbauweisen SP - 106 EP - 122 AN - OPUS4-30622 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Quercia, G. A1 - Spiesz, P. A1 - Hüsken, Götz A1 - Brouwers, J. ED - Jacobsen, S. ED - Justnes, H. ED - Cepuritis, R. ED - Hornbostel, K. ED - Peng, Y. T1 - Effects of amorphous nano-silica additions on mechanical and durability performance of SCC mixtures N2 - In the recent years the application of nanotechnology in building materials has increased exponentially. One of the most referred and used nano-materials is amorphous silica with particles size in the nano-range, even though its application and effect in concrete has not been fully understood yet. It has been reported that nano-silica (nS) addition increases the compressive strength and reduces the overall permeability of hardened concrete due to the pozzolanic properties which are resulting in finer hydrated phases (C-S-H gel) and densified microstructure (nano-filler and anti leaching effects). These effects enhance the durability of concrete structures such as bridges, quays or off-shore oil facilities in marine environments. In this study two different types of nano-silica were applied in self-compacting concrete (SCC), both having similar particle size distributions (PSD) but produced in two different processes (fumed powder silica and precipitated silica in colloidal suspension). The influence of nanosilica on SCC was investigated with respect to the properties of concrete in the fresh state (workability) and hardened state (mechanical properties and durability). Additionally, the densification of microstructure of the hardened concrete was verified by SEM and EDS analyses. The obtained results demonstrate that an efficient use of nano-silica in SCC can improve its mechanical properties and durability. Considering the reactivity of the two nano-silica studied, colloidal type shown more reactivity at early age, which influenced all the final SCC properties. T2 - ICDC 2012 - International congress on durability of concrete CY - Trondheim, Norway DA - 18.06.2012 KW - Nano-silica KW - Concrete KW - Self Compacting KW - Durability KW - Chloride and Freeze-thaw PY - 2012 SN - 978-82-8208-031-6 SP - A2-4, 1-15 AN - OPUS4-30540 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -