TY - JOUR A1 - Mallikarjun, Jhenkhar A1 - Gorbushina, Anna A1 - Kuzyakov, Yakov A1 - Koester, Moritz A1 - Castro, Rodrigo A1 - Yudina, Anna A1 - Abdallah, Khaled A1 - Matus, Francisco J. A1 - Dippold, Michaela A. T1 - Post-fire recovery of temperate and mediterranean ecosystems: An interplay between fire severity, soil nutrients, and vegetation from early-stage to decadal-scale dynamics N2 - Wildfires strongly alter soil properties, which in turn affect ecosystem recovery over extended periods, though long-term impacts are less certain. This study investigated a 14-year post-fire chronosequence in Chile’s mediterranean and temperate humid forests, revealing ecosystem-specific soil properties and nutrient recovery mechanisms. By analysing sites at successional stages, the chronosequence approach assessed temporal changes and ecosystem recovery, revealing long-term wildfire effects on soil dynamics and nutrients recovery. Wildfires raised soil bulk density to 0.9 g cm−3 in humid temperate and 1.2 g cm−3 in mediterranean ecosystems. Mediterranean soils experienced greater compaction from organic matter loss, soil aggregate destruction, ash-clogged pores, and topsoil erosion. Soil texture shifts were ecosystem-dependent: mediterranean soils increased 10–12 % in clay and silt through ash redistribution and aggregation, while temperate soils saw sand content rise by 0.74 % and 0.32 % yearly at 0–5 and 5–10 cm depths from thermal disaggregation and erosion. Ground vegetation recovers quickly, but physical soil properties like bulk density require over 14 years to return to pre-fire conditions. In humid temperate forests, ash input initially increased soil pH (4.8 to 5.8), reducing acidity, mitigating aluminium toxicity, while increasing nutrient availability. Base cation stocks increased in mediterranean woodlands (e.g., Ca: up to 0.41 Mg ha−1 y−1) due to ash retention, lower leaching, and ash infiltration into subsoil. Nutrient stocks in humid forests recovered slowly (Ca: 0.087–0.13 Mg ha−1 y−1) due to rainfall-driven leaching and low subsoil reserves. Carbon and N losses were restricted to the litter horizon in temperate forests, recovering via fire-resistant tree inputs, whereas mediterranean soils suffered severe C and N depletion from vegetation loss, erosion, and low N fixation. Fire effects and recovery are ecosystem-specific, shaped by landscape, geology, hydrology, and vegetation resilience. Understanding how fire regimes affect soil and nutrient recovery is vital for improving projections in fire-prone regions. KW - Historical fire & Wildfire KW - Nutrients Ecosystem recovery & Vegetation succession KW - Chronosequence approach KW - Losses of nutrients & Nutrients stocks KW - Wildfire PY - 2025 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-642918 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2025.109431 SN - 0341-8162 VL - 260 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Elsevier B.V. AN - OPUS4-64291 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gorbushina, Anna T1 - Wachsender Faktor der Energiewende: Biofilme auf Photovoltaikanlagen T2 - Vortrag bei der Universität Oldenburg CY - Oldenburg, Germany DA - 2014-04-29 PY - 2014 AN - OPUS4-31302 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gorbushina, Anna T1 - Co-evolution of rock surfaces and their biofilms T2 - Einweihung der HELGES-Labore für die Geochemie der Erdoberfläche am Deutschen GeoForschungsZentrum CY - Potsdam, Germany DA - 2013-06-11 PY - 2013 AN - OPUS4-28884 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Martin-Sanchez, Pedro Maria A1 - Gorbushina, Anna A1 - Toepel, Jörg T1 - Quantification of microbial load in diesel storage tanks using culture- and qPCR-based approaches N2 - Microbial contamination of fuels, associated with a wide variety of bacteria and fungi, leads to decreased product quality and can compromise equipment performance by biofouling and microbiologically influenced corrosion of pipelines and storage tanks. Detection and quantification of biomass are critical in monitoring fuel systems for an early detection of microbial outbreaks. The aims of this study are (i) to quantify bacterial and fungal contamination in samples from diesel storage tanks of petrol stations, using both culture dependent- and culture independent (qPCR) approaches, and (ii) to analyse the diversity of cultivable diesel-contaminating microorganisms with the purpose to create a strain collection for further use in biodeterioration experiments. Both methodological approaches revealed a high microbial contamination in all studied samples, with the bacterial load being much higher than the fungal load. The diversity of cultivable microorganisms was rather low. Based on criteria of abundance and fuel degradation potential, the most relevant microorganisms were identified as bacteria of genera Bacillus, Citrobacter, Burkholderia and Acetobacter, the filamentous fungi Paecilomyces variotii and Pseudallescheria boydii, and a Dipodascaceae yeast. Furthermore the validity and utility of qPCR-based methods are discussed. KW - Fuel contamination KW - Biofouling KW - Cultivation KW - Real-time qPCR KW - Bacteria KW - Fungi PY - 2016 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2016.04.009 SN - 0964-8305 SN - 1879-0208 VL - 126 SP - 216 EP - 223 PB - Elsevier Ltd. AN - OPUS4-41260 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gorbushina, Anna T1 - Studying colonization of stone surfaces – what can we learn from model biofilms growing in flow-through chambers? N2 - Soil formation on weathering rock surfaces is intrinsically connected with the development of primary microbial colonization at the atmosphere-lithosphere interface. A great number and variety of microorganisms is involved in these microbial communities, which are dominated by fungi, algae, cyanobacteria and heterotrophic bacteria. Rock-inhabiting life is ubiquitous on rock surfaces all around the world, but the laws of its establishment, and more important, quantification of its biodeterioration and geological input are possible only in well-controlled and simplified laboratory models. Here we would like to compare two model rock biofilm consisting of the heterotrophic and the phototrophic interacting partners. In the present work the growth of these model biofilms on diverse materials with different physical and chemical properties was investigated under well-controlled laboratory conditions. To clarify the role of environmental factors, the parameters temperature, light intensity and relative humidity were varied in growth test series. For an accelerated substrate colonization and to increase the biomass yield different flow-through chambers systems with semi-continuous cultures have been applied, simulating weathering conditions like flooding, desiccation and nutrient input. The biofilm development was studied by (i) confocal laser scanning and electron microscopy and (ii) qualitatively and quantitatively with respect to cell forms and biomass. A correlation between the presence of the model biofilm and mineral surface alteration as well as geochemical tracers of weathering were followed on various rock substrates (with differing geochemistry, porosity etc) exposed in another flow-through chamber, filled with crushed rock material. Under mentioned environmental conditions different types of flow-through chambers have been used and will be compared. T2 - Technoheritage CY - Cadiz, Spain DA - 21.05.2017 KW - Biofilm KW - Biodeterioration PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-41136 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gorbushina, Anna T1 - Life on the Rocks or Subaerial Biofilms T2 - Mikrobiologisches Kolloquium, Institut für Biologie an der Freien Universität, Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharamzie CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2010-01-29 PY - 2010 AN - OPUS4-20864 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gorbushina, Anna T1 - How biological interactions and physical stresses influence fungal; biogeochemical impact T2 - Goldschmidt-Tagung 2009 CY - Davos, Switzerland DA - 2009-06-23 PY - 2009 AN - OPUS4-19981 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gorbushina, Anna T1 - Life on the rocks: microscopic landscapes under the influence of microbes and atmosphere T2 - Vortrag CY - Potsdam, Germany DA - 2010-03-10 PY - 2010 AN - OPUS4-21104 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gorbushina, Anna T1 - Material und Umwelt: Mikroben als Materialbesiedler T2 - GfKORR-Arbeitskreis "Mikrobiell beeinflusste Korrosion" der DECHEMA-Fachgruppe "Mikrobielle Materialzerstörung und Materialschutz" CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 2011-10-21 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-24675 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Toepfer, I. A1 - Favet, J. A1 - Schulte, A. A1 - Schmölling, M. A1 - Butte, W. A1 - Triplett, E.W. A1 - Broughton, W.J. A1 - Gorbushina, Anna T1 - Pathogens as potential hitchhikers on intercontinental dust N2 - Desert dust seeds distant lands and waters with minerals as well as micro-organisms raising the question of whether this ancient phenomenon also spreads pathogens across the globe. Severe dust storms require strong winds blowing over land-masses that are largely devoid of vegetation, effectively limiting the scope for winds to raise pathogens into the air. Nevertheless, changing patterns of land-use, often driven by belligerency, result in refugees spreading to areas that were previously deemed barely habitable. With the help of the International Committee of the Red Cross, a number of sand/dust samples were collected from the Republic of Chad, some near refugee camps, others further removed from human influence. In parallel studies, we documented the micro-organisms present in these samples and used a number of the isolates here to test the effect of environmental constraints on their ability to survive intercontinental flight. We also added traditional pathogens to the palette of microbes and tested the effects of UV irradiation, desiccation and temperature on survival of both bacteria and fungi. A clear trend was obvious—those microbes that are coloured or able to form conidia or spores (in other words, those that are native to deserts) were well able to resist the imposed stresses. On the other hand, most pathogens were more sensitive to stresses than the environmental isolates. Toxin production in two species of Aspergillus was also investigated. Short-term desiccation (simulating environmental conditions during intercontinental travel) of sand amended with fungal spores containing sterigmatocystin leads to increased mycotoxin contents, but significant mycotoxin production was only possible under growth-permissive conditions, e.g. at higher humidity. It thus seems likely that an ever-decreasing fraction of the initial pathogen load survives as the dust recedes from its desert source and that those organisms that land on other continents are highly enriched in desert dwellers. KW - Chad KW - Desert sand KW - Sterigmatocystin KW - Aspergillus sydowii KW - A. versicolor PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10453-011-9230-2 SN - 0393-5965 SN - 1573-3025 VL - 28 IS - 2 SP - 221 EP - 231 PB - Springer Science + Business Media B.V. CY - Dordrecht [u.a.] AN - OPUS4-24814 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -