TY - JOUR A1 - Ferrero, Fabio A1 - Malow, Marcus A1 - Berger, Anka A1 - Noll, Matthias T1 - Brandvermeidung bei der Lagerung von biogenen Brennstoffen am Beispiel von Kiefernholz T2 - Experten Workshop "Lagerung von Holzhackschnitzeln" CY - Potsdam-Bornim, Deutschland DA - 2008-06-18 KW - Selbstentzündung KW - Brandverhütung KW - Lagerung KW - Biomasse KW - Schüttgüter PY - 2008 SN - 0947-7314 IS - 63 SP - 32 EP - 44 CY - Potsdam AN - OPUS4-19043 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ferrero, Fabio A1 - Lohrer, Christian A1 - Schmidt, Bernd A1 - Noll, Matthias A1 - Malow, Marcus T1 - A mathematical model to predict the heating-up of large-scale wood piles N2 - A mathematical model to predict the heating-up in open air wood chip piles has been developed. This model includes the heat production from chemical, physical and microbial exothermal processes. In the manuscript the laboratory experiments needed to develop and validate the model are described. In addition, temperature and gas concentrations were measured in two large-scale wood piles (volumes bigger than 1000 m³), in order to provide the applicability of the model to large-scale scenarios. The predictions of the model and the large-scale experimental data showed good agreement concerning the maximum temperature reached inside an open air wood pile. Special attention has been devoted to the microbial processes, since they proved to be the most important cause of heat production in the early stages of storage. This work is intended to help in predicting and thus avoiding possible self-ignition scenarios for this type of wood storage. KW - Wood chips KW - Storage KW - Self-ignition KW - Numerical simulation KW - Large-scale piles KW - Biomass PY - 2009 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2009.02.009 SN - 0950-4230 SN - 1873-3352 VL - 22 SP - 450 EP - 459 PB - Butterworth CY - Guildford, Surrey AN - OPUS4-19200 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Martin A1 - Ferrero, Fabio A1 - Malow, Marcus A1 - Krause, Ulrich T1 - Vermeidung der Brandentstehung bei der Lagerung von Biomasse T2 - VDI-Fachtagung - Sichere Handhabung brennbarer Stäube CY - Nürnberg, Deutschland DA - 2010-11-16 KW - Selbstentzündung KW - Biomasse KW - Numerische Simulation KW - Brandvermeidung PY - 2010 SN - 978-3-18-092096-2 SN - 0083-5560 N1 - Serientitel: VDI-Berichte – Series title: VDI-Berichte IS - 2096 SP - 87 EP - 98 AN - OPUS4-22501 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ferrero, Fabio A1 - Noll, Matthias A1 - Schmidt, Bernd A1 - Malow, Marcus A1 - Schmidt, Martin T1 - Experimentelle und numerische Analyse des Selbstentzündungsverhalten von Holzhalden T2 - 9. Fachtagung "Anlagen-, Arbeits- und Umweltsicherheit" CY - Köthen, Deutschland DA - 2008-11-06 KW - Brandvermeidung KW - Biomasse KW - Lagerung KW - Schüttgüter KW - Selbstentzündung PY - 2008 SN - 978-3-89746-099-7 SP - 1 EP - 21 PB - VDI, Hallescher Bezirksverein CY - Halle AN - OPUS4-18305 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ferrero, Fabio T1 - Experimentelle und numerische Analyse des Selbstentzündungsverhaltens von Holzhalden T2 - 9. Fachtagung "Anlagen-, Arbeits- und Umweltsicherheit" CY - Köthen, Germany DA - 2008-11-06 PY - 2008 AN - OPUS4-18469 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Malow, Marcus A1 - Ferrero, Fabio A1 - Noll, Matthias ED - Mahammadzadeh, M. ED - Biebeler, H. ED - Bardt, H. T1 - Brandvermeidung bei der Lagerung von Biomasse KW - Brandvermeidung KW - Selbstentzündung KW - Biomasse PY - 2009 SN - 978-3-602-14847-9 IS - Kap. 13 SP - 107 EP - 114 CY - Köln AN - OPUS4-20811 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Noll, Matthias A1 - Naumann, Annette A1 - Ferrero, Fabio A1 - Malow, Marcus T1 - Exothermic processes in industrial-scale piles of chipped pine-wood are linked to shifts in gamma-, alphaproteobacterial and fungal ascomycete communities N2 - Fast growing softwood species such as pine are preferred for biomass-based heat as well as electricity production and stored in large quantities. A newly established outdoor pile of freshly cut pine-wood chips was monitored to analyze exothermic processes. Inside the pile, a mean temperature increase of up to 44 °C was measured after six days of piling which was paralleled by a decrease of O2-concentration and an increase of CO2-concentration. Thereafter four additional CO2 maxima were observed, while O2-concentration remained at ambient concentration. The fungal community structure remained almost unchanged after four weeks, while the bacterial community structure was characterized by continuous shifts over time. The rapid heating in the early stage of storage corresponded to high relative abundance of microbial strains belonging to the genera Pseudomonas, Luteibacter and Caulobacter, ascomycetous genera Sphaeropsis and Cadophora and basidiomycetous order Polyporales and genus Sistotremastrum. The late stage was composed by a broader diversity of microorganisms, and heating processes inside the wood pile were attributed mainly to physicochemical processes. Taken together, these observations suggest that the early bacterial and fungal communities are key players in exothermic processes and were replaced by a broader diversity of highly adapted microorganisms. KW - 16S rRNA gene KW - Bacteria KW - Fungi KW - Pine-wood storage KW - T-RFLP KW - Self-heating KW - Succession KW - ITS PY - 2010 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2010.07.002 SN - 0964-8305 VL - 64 IS - 7 SP - 629 EP - 637 PB - Elsevier CY - Barking AN - OPUS4-22013 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Krause, Ulrich A1 - Wappler, Mike A1 - Radzewitz, S. A1 - Ferrero, Fabio T1 - On the minimum ignition temperature of dust clouds T2 - 6th International Symposium on hazards, prevention, and mitigation of industrial explosions CY - Halifax, Canada DA - 2006-08-27 KW - Dust explosions KW - Ignition KW - Hot surfaces KW - Minimum ignition temperature PY - 2006 VL - 1 SP - 68 EP - 76 PB - Dalhousie University CY - Halifax AN - OPUS4-12787 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ferrero, Fabio T1 - Pool Fires: Study of the formation and evolution of thin layer boilover T2 - Erstes gemeinsames wissenschaftliches Kolloquium der Uni Duisburg-Essen, Institut für technische Chemie I, und der BAM, Abteilung II "Chemische Sicherheitstechnik" CY - Essen, Germany DA - 2007-04-19 PY - 2007 AN - OPUS4-14778 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ferrero, Fabio T1 - Modelling the coupled heat and mass transfer during fires in strored biomass, coal and recycling deposits T2 - COMSOL Conference, World Trade Center CY - Grenoble, France DA - 2007-10-23 PY - 2007 AN - OPUS4-16060 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ferrero, Fabio A1 - Malow, Marcus A1 - Noll, Matthias T1 - Temperature and gas evolution during large scale outside storage of wood chips N2 - The temperature and gas concentrations in a newly established pine-wood debris pile of 20 m × 15 m × 6 m in dimensions (approximately 400 tons of fresh weight material) were monitored for 150 days. Temperature was measured at ten different positions within the pile, while concentrations of CO2, O2, CO and CH4 were taken at four different representative locations. The pile was characterized by a strong temperature increase within the first 10– 12 days of storage. Results of the gas analysis in this period suggest that the temperature increase was caused by microbial processes. In particular, reduced oxygen concentration and almost complete absence of methane indicate mainly aerobic respiration processes. Effects of weather conditions on the temperature/gas distribution and time evolution are also discussed in the paper. KW - Wood KW - Storage KW - Temperature KW - Gas concentration PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-010-0512-0 SN - 0018-3768 VL - 69 IS - 4 SP - 587 EP - 595 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg AN - OPUS4-23849 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Anka A1 - Schmidt, Martin A1 - Ferrero, Fabio A1 - Krause, Ulrich T1 - Leitfaden zur Brandvermeidung durch Selbstentzündung bei der Lagerung von Recycling- und Deponiestoffen KW - Selbstentzündungsgefährdung KW - Recycling- und Deponiestoffe KW - Brandschutzmaßnahmen PY - 2010 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - MUGV Brandenburg - Referat Presse- und Öffentlichkeitsarbeit CY - Potsdam AN - OPUS4-25391 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Meyer-Scherf, Ronald A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Ferrero, Fabio A1 - Grasse, Dennis ED - Beyer, M. ED - Stolz, T. T1 - Zündung zerfallsfähiger Gase wie Acetylen und Tetrafluorethen durch adiabate Kompression N2 - Die adiabate Kompression stellt insbesondere für zerfallsfähige Gase eine potentielle Zündquelle sowohl bei Herstellungsprozessen als auch beim Umgang in weiter-verarbeitenden Betrieben oder beim Endnutzer dar. Unter bestimmten Bedingungen kann hier eine explosionsartige Zerfallsreaktion auch in Abwesenheit eines Oxidators initiiert werden. Zur systematischen Untersuchung des Zündverhaltens von Zerfallsreaktionen wurde eine Rohrapparatur mit einem schnell öffnenden Kugelhahn aufgebaut, um praxisnahe Vorgänge darstellen zu können. Am Beispiel Tetrafluorethen (TFE) wurden umfangreiche Untersuchungen mit unterschiedlichen Rohrdurchmessern und –längen durchgeführt. Neben der Kompression von homogenen Gasphasen wurden außerdem Kompressionsvorgänge von heterogenen Gasen durchgeführt. Dabei war das Gas im Niederdruckteil unterschiedlich zum Gas im Hochdruckteil. Für den Hochdruckteil wurde Stickstoff, Acetylen und TFE verwendet. Im Niederdruckteil kamen TFE, Stickstoff und Luft zum Einsatz. Zudem wurden das Kompressionsverhältnis sowie die Absolutdrücke im Hochdruck- und Kompressionsteil variiert. Für TFE wurde ein Druckbereich bis 30 bar absolut untersucht. Versuche mit Acetylen wurden zur apparativen Validierung durchgeführt. Es zeigte sich, dass in der verwendeten Apparatur reproduzierbare Zündvorgänge nur im Bereich sehr enger Anfangsparameter möglich sind. Die Kompression von Luft durch ein zerfallsfähiges Gas stellt dabei den sicherheitstechnisch kritischsten Fall dar. T2 - 13. BAM-PTB-Kolloquium zur chemischen und physikalischen Sicherheitstechnik CY - Braunschweig, Germany DA - 18.06.2013 PY - 2013 SN - 978-3-95606-062-5 SN - 1868-5838 N1 - Geburtsname von Meyer-Scherf, Ronald: Meyer, R. - Birth name of Meyer-Scherf, Ronald: Meyer, R. SP - 1 EP - 10 AN - OPUS4-29021 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Ferrero, Fabio A1 - Malow, Marcus A1 - Schmidt, Martin A1 - Krause, Ulrich T1 - Leitfaden zur Brandvermeidung bei der Lagerung von Biomasse N2 - Die Menge an genutztem, verarbeitetem und gelagertem Holz steigt von Jahr zu Jahr. In der Folge konnte in den letzten fünf Jahren eine deutlich gestiegene Zahl von Bränden in Holzlagern und -halden festgestellt werden. Viele dieser Brände sind durch Selbstentzündung des Materials verursacht worden. Sind die Ursachen der Selbstentzündung bekannt, kann die Brandentstehung durch geeignete Maßnahmen vermieden werden. Die Fachgruppe II.2 „Reaktionsfähige Stoffe und Stoffsysteme“ der Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung hat in diesem Leitfaden das Thema aufgegriffen und die derzeit vorliegenden Erkenntnisse zusammenfassend dargestellt. Ziel des Leitfadens ist es, die Grundlagen der Selbstentzündung von Biomasse am Beispiel von Holz in übersichtlicher Form darzustellen und daraus praktische Hinweise zur Vermeidung der Selbstentzündung von Holzhalden abzuleiten, um so einen Weg für einen sicheren und nachhaltigen Umgang mit diesem Rohstoff zu ebnen. Dem Leitfaden liegen Ergebnisse des Forschungsvorhabens „Brandvermeidung bei der Lagerung von biogenen Brennstoffen“ zugrunde. Das Projekt wurde innerhalb der Fördermaßnahme „klimazwei – Forschung für den Klimaschutz und Schutz vor Klimawirkungen“ des Bundesministeriums für Bildung und Forschung finanziell gefördert (Förderkennzeichen 01LS05079). Für diese Förderung möchten die Autoren sich bedanken. T3 - BAM Forschungsberichtreihe - 284 PY - 2009 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-1678 SN - 978-3-9812354-1-8 SN - 0938-5533 VL - 284 SP - 1 EP - 22 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-167 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Zeps, Robert A1 - Ferrero, Fabio A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Schröder, Volkmar A1 - Spoormaker, T. T1 - Experimental investigation on the self-heating and decomposition of tetrafluoroethylene in a 100-dm³-reactor N2 - In the industry there is a lack of data on the Minimum Ignition Temperature of decomposition of tetrafluoroethylene in industrial sized equipment. In order to determine the Minimum Ignition Temperature of Decomposition of tetrafluoroethylene in large scale vessels, a facility was designed and constructed. Tests were carried out in a cylindrical reactor with a volume of 100 dm³ with initial pressures of 5 and 10 bar(a). In agreement with previous experiments with small scale cylindrical vessels, the Minimum Ignition Temperature of Decomposition of tetrafluoroethylene was observed to decrease with the initial pressure. The current paper describes the test setup and summarizes the experimental results achieved. The effect of the reactor adjustment (vertical or horizontal) is discussed. Moreover, simplified equations from the Semenov thermal explosion theory are used to attempt extrapolations of previous and current data on the Minimum Ignition Temperature of Decomposition of tetrafluoroethylene to other initial pressures and vessel volumes. T2 - Hazards XXIII Symposium CY - Southport, UK DA - 12.11.2012 KW - Tetrafluoroethylene KW - Self-heating KW - Large-scale reactor PY - 2012 SN - 978-0-85295-557-4 N1 - Serientitel: Symposium Series – Series title: Symposium Series N1 - Geburtsname von Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. - Birth name of Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. VL - 158 IS - Paper 08 SP - 48 EP - 55 AN - OPUS4-27056 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ferrero, Fabio T1 - Experimental investigation on the self-heating and decomposition of tetrafluoroethylene in a 100-dm3-reactor T2 - HAZARDS XXIII CY - Southport, England DA - 2012-12-12 PY - 2012 N1 - Geburtsname von Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. - Birth name of Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. AN - OPUS4-27435 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ferrero, Fabio A1 - Zeps, Robert A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Schröder, Volkmar A1 - Spoormaker, T. T1 - Analysis of the self-heating process of tetrafluoroethylene in a 100-dm³-reactor N2 - There is a lack of data on the self-ignition behaviour of tetrafluoroethylene in industrial sized equipment. Therefore, a facility was designed and constructed for the determination of the Minimum Ignition Temperature of Decomposition of tetrafluoroethylene in a cylindrical reactor with a volume of 100 dm3. Tests with initial pressures of 5 and 10 bar(a) were performed. The Minimum Ignition Temperature of Decomposition of tetrafluoroethylene was observed to decrease with the initial pressure, in agreement with previous experiments with small scale cylindrical vessels. This paper describes the test set-up und gives an overview of the achieved experimental results. In particular the effect of the reactor orientation (vertical or horizontal) is discussed. Furthermore, simplified equations from the Semenov thermal explosion theory are used to attempt extrapolations of previous and current data on the Minimum Ignition Temperature of Decomposition of tetrafluoroethylene to other vessel volumes or initial pressures. Moreover, the experimental data are plotted together against the heated volume to heated surface ratio, which should provide a better extrapolation to other vessel dimensions by taking into account that the efficiency of the dispersion of the heat generated by the reaction is different for two reactors with the same volume but different diameter. Finally, simplified methods for predicting the Minimum Ignition Temperature of Decomposition of tetrafluoroethylene presented previously by the authors are validated for large scale reactors with the experimental data collected within the current work. KW - Tetrafluoroethylene KW - Decomposition KW - Self-ignition KW - Large-scale reactor PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2012.06.001 SN - 0950-4230 SN - 1873-3352 N1 - Geburtsname von Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. - Birth name of Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. VL - 25 IS - 6 SP - 1010 EP - 1017 PB - Butterworth CY - Guildford, Surrey AN - OPUS4-26786 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ferrero, Fabio A1 - Meyer-Scherf, Ronald A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Schröder, Volkmar T1 - A parametric study of shock wave simulations with help of COMSOL multiphysics N2 - Adiabatic compression of gases can work as an ignition source and is still one of the main causes of accidents in chemical plants processing tetrafluoroethylene (Reza and Christiansen, 2007). The ignition of tetrafluoroethylene induced by adiabatic compression has been studied experimentally with a setup which allowed for the rapid opening of a high speed valve connecting two portions of a pipeline at different initial pressures. Due to the fast opening time and to the high pressure difference, a shock wave in the pipeline was generated. The propagation of the shock wave and its reflection at the end of the pipeline caused pressure and temperature increase. This led to some ignitions in the experiments performed. Nonetheless, in some test an ignition was not achieved, even if this was expected according to the theoretical temperatures predicted by the Rankine-Hugoniot equations. In order to understand the discrepancy between the experimental results and the theoretical predictions, shock wave simulations have been carried out with COMSOL Multiphysics. The 'High Mach Flow' interface was used, since it solves the heat and impulse equations for fast flows. Figure 1 and Figure 2 show, respectively, the velocity and temperature distribution over time for a simulation in a 0.2 m pipeline of 20 mm in diameter with the following settings: - high pressure section: nitrogen initially at 20 bar; - low pressure section: nitrogen initially at 1 bar; - initial temperature of the system: 20 °C; - adiabatic walls with slip condition for the flow; - laminar flow. As from Figure 1 and Figure 2 the shock wave generation and propagation has been properly computed and the physical properties of the shock wave reflected the prediction of the Rankine-Hugoniot equation. Nonetheless, divergence problem occurred when trying to add turbulence to the system and strange temperature and profiles after the shock wave reflection were achieved if the no slip condition at the walls was chosen. Despite these limitations, it was possible to perform a parametric study and to analyze the effect of the pipe diameter and length on the shock wave evolution. Here simulations with constant wall temperature were carried out, in order to account for the heat losses to the pipe surroundings. Figure 3 shows that the temperature of the reflected wave is maintained for a longer time, if the pipe diameter is larger, due to minor heat losses. On the other hand, Figure 4 shows that higher average temperatures are achieved and maintained for a longer time if the pipe length increases. These results suggest that in the experiments performed by Meyer (2009) the pipe geometry was probably not optimal for the achievement/conservation of high temperatures and might explain the difficulty in inducing ignitions by adiabatic compression. T2 - COMSOL Conference 2012 CY - Milan, Italy DA - 2012-10-10 KW - Adiabatic compression KW - Shock wave KW - Numerical simulation PY - 2012 SN - 978-0-9839688-7-0 N1 - Geburtsname von Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. - Birth name of Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. N1 - Geburtsname von Meyer-Scherf, Ronald: Meyer, R. - Birth name of Meyer-Scherf, Ronald: Meyer, R. SP - 1 EP - 6 AN - OPUS4-26785 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ferrero, Fabio A1 - Meyer-Scherf, Ronald A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Schröder, Volkmar A1 - Spoormaker, T. T1 - Self-ignition of tetrafluoroethylene induced by rapid valve opening in small diameter pipes N2 - This work investigates the ignition of tetrafluoroethylene induced by the adiabatic compression that can arise by activating a high speed valve separating two portions of a pipeline with a high pressure difference. In the tests performed the high pressure zone contained tetrafluoroethylene at pressures between 15 and 30 bar. For the low pressure zone, experiments with nitrogen, air and tetrafluoroethylene were carried out. The pressure range in the low pressure zone was comprised between 0.05 and 1 bar. The pipe diameters analyzed were 15 and 20 mm. For the analyzed geometries, special conditions were required in order to reach reproducible ignitions, namely air at temperatures of at least 105 °C had to be present in the compression pipe. Furthermore, a minimum length of the compression pipe had to be used. The current work describes the experimental setup employed for the tests and discusses the achieved results. Numerical simulations were performed in order to clarify unexpected findings. KW - Tetrafluoroethylene KW - Decomposition KW - Self-ignition KW - Adiabatic compression PY - 2013 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2012.10.006 SN - 0950-4230 SN - 1873-3352 N1 - Geburtsname von Meyer-Scherf, Ronald: Meyer, R. - Birth name of Meyer-Scherf, Ronald: Meyer, R. VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 177 EP - 185 PB - Butterworth CY - Guildford, Surrey AN - OPUS4-27685 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ferrero, Fabio A1 - Meyer-Scherf, Ronald A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Schröder, Volkmar A1 - Spoormaker, T. T1 - Study of the spontaneous ignition of stoichiometric tetrafluoroethylene-air mixtures at elevated pressures N2 - The Ignition Temperature (IT) of stoichiometric tetrafluoroethylene–air mixtures on hot walls was determined in a 3-dm³-reactor. Tests at elevated pressure conditions were performed, namely at 5, 15 and 25 bar(a), showing a decrease of the IT with the initial pressure. Furthermore, the measured ignition temperatures of stoichiometric tetrafluoroethylene–air mixtures were lower than the ignition temperatures required for the decomposition pure tetrafluoroethylene (Minimum Ignition Temperature of Decomposition, MITD) reported in previous works. Equations from the Semenov thermal explosion theory on spontaneous ignition were used to identify approximate combustion kinetics of tetrafluoroethylene from the experimental results. The determined kinetics was used for the prediction of the IT of stoichiometric tetrafluoroethylene-air by simplified calculation methods. A very good agreement with the experimental results was observed. KW - Tetrafluoroethylene KW - Combustion KW - Ignition KW - Self-ignition PY - 2013 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2013.02.008 SN - 0950-4230 SN - 1873-3352 N1 - Geburtsname von Meyer-Scherf, Ronald: Meyer, R. - Birth name of Meyer-Scherf, Ronald: Meyer, R. VL - 26 IS - 4 SP - 759 EP - 765 PB - Butterworth CY - Guildford, Surrey AN - OPUS4-28548 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ferrero, Fabio A1 - Zeps, Robert A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Schröder, Volkmar A1 - Spoormaker, T. ED - Pierucci, S. ED - Klemes, J.J. ED - De Rademaeker, E. ED - Fabiano, B. ED - Buratti, S.S. T1 - The explosive decomposition of tetrafluoroethylene: large scale tests and simulations N2 - There is a lack of data on the self-ignition behaviour of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) in industrial sized equipment. In order to assess the tendency of TFE for decomposition in large scale vessels, , a facility was designed and constructed. Tests were carried out in a cylindrical reactor with a volume of 100 L with initial pressures of 5 and 10 bar(a). The effect of the reactor adjustment (vertical or horizontal) was taken into account. The current work describes the test set up and summarizes the experimental results achieved. Furthermore, this paper reports on a numerical model for the prediction of the self -heating of TFE in closed vessels, which was previously developed for small scale reactors and has been here validated for larger dimensions with the experiments performed in the new facility. T2 - 14th International symposium on loss prevention and safety promotion in the process industries CY - Florence, Italy DA - 12.05.2013 KW - Tetrafluoroethylene KW - Self-heating KW - Large-scale reactor KW - Numerical simulation PY - 2013 SN - 978-88-95608-22-8 SN - 1974-9791 N1 - Serientitel: Chemical engineering transactions – Series title: Chemical engineering transactions IS - 31 SP - 1 EP - 6(?) PB - AIDIC, Associazione Italiana di Ingegneria Chimica CY - Milano AN - OPUS4-28549 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Ferrero, Fabio A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Zeps, Robert T1 - Simulation and experimental determination of the self-ignition of tetrafluoroethylene in a 100-dm³-autoclave N2 - The main industrial application of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE, Chemical formula C2F4) is as monomer in the production of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), sold under various brand names, like Teflon® resin by DuPont. The process leading to the formation of PTFE is a Polymerisation, which normally occurs in large reactors as a liquid phase reaction. T2 - 11. Fachtagung Anlagen-, Arbeits- und Umweltsicherheit CY - Köthen, Germany DA - 07.11.2013 PY - 2013 SN - 978-3-86011-058-4 IS - P-15 SP - 1 EP - 7 AN - OPUS4-30026 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Ferrero, Fabio T1 - Modeling helps improve safety in the production of teflon KW - Self ignition KW - Numerical simulation KW - MITD KW - TFE PY - 2011 N1 - Geburtsname von Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. - Birth name of Kluge, Martin: Beckmann-Kluge, M. SP - 44 EP - 45 AN - OPUS4-23831 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -