TY - CONF
A1 - Müller, B.
A1 - Dahms, A.
A1 - Bitter, F.
A1 - Wargocki, P.
A1 - Olesen, B.
A1 - Knudsen, H.N.
A1 - Afshari, A.
A1 - Jann, Oliver
A1 - Horn, Wolfgang
A1 - Müller, D.
A1 - Airaksinen, M.
A1 - Järnström, H.
A1 - Tirkkonen, T.
A1 - Witterseh, T.
T1 - Material labelling: Combined material emission tests and sensory evaluations
T2 - Indoor Air 2008, 11th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate
CY - Copenhagen, Denmark
DA - 2008-08-17
KW - Material labelling
KW - Emission test
KW - Sensory evaluation
KW - Odour intensity
KW - Acceptability
PY - 2008
IS - Paper 1066
SP - 1
EP - 8
AN - OPUS4-18047
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Stephan, H.
A1 - Gloe, K.
A1 - Kraus, Werner
A1 - Spies, H.
A1 - Johannsen, B.
A1 - Wichmann, K.
A1 - Reck, Günter
A1 - Chand, D. K.
A1 - Bharadwaj, P. K.
A1 - Müller, U.
A1 - Müller, W. M.
A1 - Vögtle, F.
ED - Moyer, B. A.
T1 - Binding and extraction of pertechnetate and perrhenate by azacages
T2 - Symposium Fundamentals and Applications of Anion Separations ; American Chemical Society national meeting
CY - Chicago, IL, USA
DA - 2001-08-25
PY - 2004
SN - 0-306-47911-7
SP - 151
EP - 168
PB - Kluwer Acad./Plenum Publ.
CY - New York, NY
AN - OPUS4-3667
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - RPRT
A1 - Horn, Wolfgang
A1 - Jann, Oliver
A1 - Kasche, J.
A1 - Bitter, F.
A1 - Müller, D.
A1 - Müller, B.
T1 - Environmental and Health Provisions for Building Products - Identification and evaluation of VOC emissions and odour exposure (Research Report 202 62 320 / UBA-FB 001002)
N2 - In this study 50 construction products were tested in emission test chambers according to the requirements of the AgBB-scheme: 7 acrylic and 6 silicone sealants, 6 paste-like synthetic resin plasters, 13 wood based products, 4 adhesives, 5 lacquers, 6 wall paints and 3 further construction products. VOC and odour emissions were tested on the 1st, 3rd, 10th, and 28th day. In addition to the VOC-measurements, a test procedure was developed to evaluate odour emission of construction products.This test is planned to be implemented into the AgBB-Scheme. A direct evaluation by a sensory panel in the emission test chamber was not possible. So the odour samples were collected in 300- litre tedlar bags which were evaluated later. Odour intensity of the samples was compared with different acetone concentrations. Within this study an interlaboratory comparison was conducted using the newly developed odour test method. Additionally, VVOC emissions, detection of carcinogenic compounds, repeatability of emission test chamber tests, and other issues are presented. This project has shown that construction products can be evaluated in accordance with the AgBB scheme. A sensory evaluation is intended to be introduced in the AgBB scheme. A method for this evaluation is described in this study. The test procedure should be enhanced and validated for practical utilisation.
KW - Building products
KW - Emissions
KW - Odour
KW - AgBB-Scheme
KW - Chamber tests
KW - Interlaboratory study
KW - Construction products
KW - Emission test chamber
KW - Odour evaluation
KW - VOC
KW - VVOC
KW - SVOC
KW - Thermal desorption
KW - GC/MS
KW - GC-ODP
KW - Odour standard of comparison
KW - Gas sensor
KW - Acrylic and silicone sealant
KW - Wood-based product
KW - Paints
KW - Lacquers
KW - Interlaboratory comparison
PY - 2007
UR - http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/publikationen/environmental-health-provisions-for-building
SN - 1862-4804
SN - 0722-186X
IS - 21
SP - 1
EP - 381
PB - Umweltbundesamt
CY - Dessau-Roßlau
AN - OPUS4-15931
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Müller, B.
A1 - Bitter, F.
A1 - Müller, D.
A1 - Knudsen, H.N.
A1 - Afshari, A.
A1 - Wargocki, P.
A1 - Olesen, B.
A1 - Berglund, B.
A1 - Ramalho, O.
A1 - Goschnick, J.
A1 - Jann, Oliver
A1 - Horn, Wolfgang
A1 - Nesa, D.
A1 - Chanie, E.
A1 - Ruponen, M.
T1 - Messung der empfundenen Geruchsintensität mit Multigas-Sensorsystemen, das Forschungsvorhaben SysPAQ
KW - Geruch
KW - Sensorsystem
KW - Perceived Air Quality
KW - Produkttypischer Geruch
KW - Bauprodukte
KW - Emissionen
PY - 2007
SN - 978-3-18-091995-9
SN - 0083-5560
IS - 1995
SP - 17
EP - 29
PB - VDI-Verl.
CY - Düsseldorf
AN - OPUS4-16370
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - RPRT
A1 - Horn, Wolfgang
A1 - Jann, Oliver
A1 - Kasche, Johannes
A1 - Bitter, F.
A1 - Müller, D.
A1 - Müller, B.
T1 - Umwelt- und Gesundheitsanforderungen an Bauprodukte - Ermittlung und Bewertung der VOC-Emissionen und geruchlichen Belastungen (Forschungsbericht 20262320)
KW - Bauprodukte
KW - Emissionen
KW - Geruch
KW - AbBB-Schema
KW - Kammermessungen
KW - Laborvergleich
PY - 2007
UR - http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/publikationen/umwelt-gesundheitsanforderungen-an-bauprodukte
SN - 1862-4804
IS - 16
SP - 383 Seiten
PB - Umweltbundesamt
CY - Dessau-Roßlau
AN - OPUS4-14791
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Buckle, T.
A1 - van der Wal, S.
A1 - van Malderen, S.
A1 - Müller, Larissa
A1 - Kuil, J.
A1 - van Unen, V.
A1 - Peters, R.
A1 - van Bemmel, M.
A1 - McDonnell, L.
A1 - Velders, A.
A1 - Koning, F.
A1 - Vanhaeke, F.
A1 - van Leeuwen, F.
T1 - Hybrid imaging labels: providing the link between mass spectrometry-based molecular pathology and theranostics
N2 - Development of theranostic concepts that include inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and laser ablation ICP-MS (LA-ICP-MS) imaging can be hindered by the lack of a direct comparison to more standardly used methods for in vitro and in vivo evaluation; e.g. fluorescence or nuclear medicine. In this study a bimodal (or rather, hybrid) tracer that contains both a fluorescent dye and a chelate was used to evaluate the existence of a direct link between mass spectrometry (MS) and in vitro and in vivo molecular imaging findings using fluorescence and radioisotopes. At the same time, the hybrid label was used to determine whether the use of a single isotope label would allow for MS-based diagnostics.
KW - Imaging
KW - Laser Ablation ICP-MS
KW - Diagnostics
PY - 2017
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-396813
DO - https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.17484
VL - 7
IS - 3
SP - 624
EP - 633
PB - IvySpring
AN - OPUS4-39681
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kunz, C.
A1 - Bonse, Jörn
A1 - Spaltmann, Dirk
A1 - Neumann, C.
A1 - Turchanin, A.
A1 - Bartolomé, J. F.
A1 - Müller, F. A.
A1 - Gräf, S.
T1 - Tribological performance of metal-reinforced ceramic composites selectively structured with femtosecond laser-induced periodic surface structures
N2 - The impact of femtosecond (fs) laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) on tribological properties was investigated for metal-reinforced ceramic composites (Al2O3-ZrO2-Nb). For this purpose, the metallic niobium (Nb) phase was selectively structured with LIPSS in an air environment with different values of the fs-laser peak fluence by near-infrared fs-laser radiation (λ = 1025 nm, τ = 300 fs, frep = 1 kHz), taking advantage of the different light absorption behavior of ceramic and metal. The tribological performance was evaluated by reciprocating sliding tests in a ball-on-disc configuration using Ringer's solution as lubricant. The surfaces were characterized before and after laser irradiation by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and by measuring the contact angle with Ringer's solution. The LIPSS formation resulted in an increased wetting of the surface with the lubricant. Moreover, the selectively structured composite surfaces revealed a coefficient of friction significantly reduced by a factor of ~3 when compared to the non-irradiated surface. Furthermore, the formation of a laser-induced oxidation layer was detected with NbO as the most prominent oxidation state. Selectively structured composites with outstanding mechanical properties and enhanced tribological performance are of particular interest for biomedical applications.
KW - Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS)
KW - Femtosecond laser ablation
KW - Ceramic matrix composites
KW - Tribology
PY - 2020
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.143917
SN - 0169-4332
SN - 1873-5584
VL - 499
IS - 1
SP - 143917
PB - Elsevier B.V.
CY - Amsterdam
AN - OPUS4-49255
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Krause, Martin
A1 - Bärmann, R.
A1 - Frielinghaus, R.
A1 - Kreschmar, F.
A1 - Krogge, O.
A1 - Langenberg, K.
A1 - Maierhofer, Christiane
A1 - Müller, W.
A1 - Neisecke, J.
A1 - Schickert, M.
A1 - Schmitz, V.
A1 - Wiggenhauser, Herbert
A1 - Wollbold, F.
ED - Schickert, G.
T1 - Comparison of pulse-echo-methods for testing concrete
T2 - International Symposium Non-Destructive Testing in Civil Engineering (NDT-CE)
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 1995-09-26
KW - Beton
KW - Radar
KW - Aufprallecho
KW - Ultraschall
KW - Prüfung
PY - 1995
SN - 3-931381-02-1
N1 - Serientitel: BB / DGZfP – Series title: BB / DGZfP
SP - 281
EP - 295
PB - DGZfP, Dt. Ges. für Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung e.V.
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-593
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Meyerhofer, F.
A1 - Dissinger, F.
A1 - Weigert, Florian
A1 - Jungclaus, J.
A1 - Müller-Caspary, K.
A1 - Waldvogel, S. R.
A1 - Resch-Genger, Ute
A1 - Voss, T.
T1 - Citric Acid Based Carbon Dots with Amine Type Stabilizers: pHSpecific
N2 - We report the synthesis and spectroscopic characteristics of two different sets of carbon dots (CDs) formed by hydrothermal reaction between citric acid and polyethylenimine (PEI) or 2,3-diaminopyridine (DAP). Although the formation of amide-based species and the presence of citrazinic acid type derivates assumed to be responsible for a blue emission is confirmed for both CDs by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry, a higher abundance of sp2-hybridized nitrogen is observed for DAP-based CDs, which causes a red-shift of the n-π* absorption band relative to the one of PEI-based CDs. These CD Systems possess high photoluminescence quantum yields (QY) of ∼40% and ∼48% at neutral pH, demonstrating a possible tuning of the optical properties by the amine precursor. pH-Dependent spectroscopic studies revealed a drop in QY to < 9% (pH ∼ 1) and < 21% (pH ∼ 12) for both types of CDs under acidic and basic conditions. In contrast, significant differences in the pHdependency of the n-π* transitions are found for both CD types which are ascribed to different (de)protonation sequences of the CD-specific fluorophores and functional groups using Zeta potential analysis.
KW - Fluorescence
KW - Particle
KW - Nano
KW - Surface group analysis
KW - Carbon dot
KW - C-dot
KW - Fluorescent probe
KW - Quantum yield
KW - Synthesis
KW - IR
KW - MS
KW - Polymer
KW - Ligand
PY - 2020
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b11732
VL - 124
IS - 16
SP - 8894
EP - 8904
PB - American Chemical Society
AN - OPUS4-50813
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Chen, Cong
A1 - Müller, Bernd R.
A1 - Lebedev, O.
A1 - Giovannelli, F.
A1 - Bruno, Giovanni
A1 - Delorme, F.
T1 - Effects of impurities on the stability of the low thermal conductivity in Fe2TiO5 ceramics
N2 - The stability of the low thermal conductivity in Fe2TiO5 pseudobrookite ceramics has been studied. An increase in thermal diffusivity is observed after only three cycles of measurement. X-ray refraction shows an increase in the mean value of specific surface after the thermal diffusivity measurements. By using scanning electron microscopy and high‐angle annular dark‐field scanning transmission electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, we observe a segregation of Ca- and F-rich nanocrystals at grain boundaries after three cycles of thermal diffusivity measurement. Therefore, impurities seem to be more efficient to scatter phonons as point defects in the pseudobrookite lattice rather than as nanocrystals at pseudobrookite grain boundaries. This emphasizes the importance of precursor purity and the influence of redistribution of impurities on thermoelectric properties: stability of micro-/nano-structures is a key point, and repeated thermoelectric measurements may allow detecting such metastable micro- /nano-structures and producing stable and reliable data.
KW - Fe2TiO5
KW - Impurity segregation
KW - Thermoelectrics
KW - X-ray refraction
KW - Scanning transmission electron microscopy
PY - 2019
UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1044580318329309
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2019.01.021
SN - 1044-5803
SN - 1873-4189
VL - 149
SP - 111
EP - 117
PB - Elsevier Inc.
AN - OPUS4-47255
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Kreutzbruck, Marc
A1 - Bauer, P.
A1 - Caspers, F.
A1 - Heck, S.
A1 - Müller, F.
A1 - Pohl, Rainer
A1 - Scheuerlein, C.
A1 - Sickert, Roland
A1 - Maierhofer, Christiane
A1 - Brackrock, Daniel
T1 - Sensoren für Verbunddrähte aus Niob-Titan und Kupfer
N2 - Der Large Hadron Collider (LHC) des europäischen Kernforschungszentrums CERN ist einer der weltweit größten und leistungsfähigsten Teilchenbeschleuniger. Um den Teilchenstrahl auf seiner Kreisbahn zu halten, werden mit Hilfe supraleitender Spulen sehr starke Magnetfelder erzeugt. Die hierzu benötigten hohen Ströme werden über Verbunddrähte aus Niob-Titan und Kupfer geleitet.
Die Drähte werden u.a. durch Ultraschallschweißungen miteinander verbunden. Eine mangelhafte Verbindung kann zur Erwärmung der Kontaktstelle und in Folge davon zum Zusammenbruch der Supraleitung führen. Auf Anfrage des CERN wurden an der BAM Untersuchungen zur Prüfbarkeit solcher Verbindungen bei Umgebungstemperatur durchgeführt. Es gelang, für einen Verbindungstypen einen Wirbelstromsensor für eine manuelle Prüfung zu entwickeln. Ein Prototyp des Sensors befindet sich beim CERN in der praktischen Erprobung. Das Sensorprinzip sowie Prüfergebnisse aus Labor und Praxis werden vorgestellt.
T2 - DGZfP-Jahrestagung 2014
CY - Potsdam, Germany
DA - 26.05.2014
KW - Ultraschallprüfung mit Matrix-Sensoren
KW - Aktive Thermografie
KW - Gabelsensor
PY - 2014
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-319785
SN - 978-3-940283-61-0
VL - 148
SP - 1
EP - 12
PB - Deutsche Gesellschaft für Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (DGZfP)
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-31978
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Müller, A.
A1 - Goecke, S.-F.
A1 - Sievi, P.
A1 - Albert, F.
A1 - Rethmeier, Michael
T1 - Laser beam oscillation strategies for fillet welds in lap joints
N2 - Laser beam oscillation opens up new possibilities of influencing the welding process in terms of compensation of tolerances and reduction of process emissions that occur in industrial applications, such as in body-in-white manufacturing. The approaches are to adapt the melt pool width in order to generate sufficient melt volume or to influence melt pool dynamics, e.g. for a better degassing. Welding results are highly dependent on the natural frequency of the melt pool, the used spot diameter and the oscillation speed of the laser beam. The conducted investigations with an oscillated 300 µm laser spot show that oscillation strategies, which are adjusted to the joining situation improve welding result for zero-gap welding as well as for bridging gaps to approximately 0.8 mm. However, a complex set of parameters has to be considered in order to generate proper welding results. This work puts emphasize on introducing them.
KW - Laser beam welding
KW - Gap compensation
KW - Process monitoring and control
KW - System technology
KW - Automotive application
PY - 2014
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phpro.2014.08.149
SN - 1875-3892
VL - 56
SP - 458
EP - 466
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam [u.a.]
AN - OPUS4-31437
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Hoesl, Simone
A1 - Neumann, B.
A1 - Techritz, Sandra
A1 - Sauter, G.
A1 - Simon, R.
A1 - Schlüter, H.
A1 - Linscheid, M. W.
A1 - Theruing, F.
A1 - Müller, Larissa
A1 - Jakubowski, Norbert
T1 - Internal standardization of LA-ICP-MS immunoimaging via printing of universal metal spiked inks onto tissue sections
N2 - Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimen from biopsy materials are a widespread sample format for pathologists and medical researchers. Pathologists are archiving vast numbers of FFPE samples which can be stored for decades. Conventional immunohistochemical staining (IHC) of biomarkers on FFPE tissue sections is one of the most important analytical techniques for cancer diagnosis and pathology in general. However standardization for IHC samples and quality management is tedious and differs significantly from clinic to clinic. Combining established IHC staining strategies with modern mass spectrometry mediated methods would increase it`s potential and enable access of large FFPE archives for multiplexed quantitation purposes. In this work element mass spectrometry and a new ink-jet printed internal standardization approach was successfully combined with IHC staining to facilitate quantitative multiplex assays for archived FFPE samples. The printing strategy improves elemental image resolution and reproducibility of paraffin embedded breast cancer tissue sections in laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) using conventional IHC staining as a model system to investigate the new capabilities of this technique. For the internal standardization we applied a conventional CD-ink-jet printer to print a metal spiked ink onto the top of thin layer tissue sections with constant density. Printing was carried out in a direct comparison to an iodination of the tissue section as previously described as an alternative standardization method. The use of the printed internal standard allowed correction of the fluctuation during the laser ablation process and compensated instrumental drift effects. Mediated by the ink correction approach we achieved better signal-to-background-ratios (SBR) of 74 and better spatial resolution of 30 µm compared to iodination (SBR=23). This improved performance was demonstrated on tumorous areas in FFPE breast cancer tissue sections and allowing detection of Her-2 in tumorous areas of this tissue with significantly improved contrast.
KW - Internal standardization
KW - LA-ICP-MS
KW - Immuno imaging
PY - 2016
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ja00409h
SN - 0267-9477
SN - 1364-5544
VL - 31
IS - 3
SP - 801
EP - 808
AN - OPUS4-35711
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Masendorf, R.
A1 - Müller, C.
A1 - Henkel, C.
A1 - Klingelhöffer, Hellmuth
A1 - Klubberg, F.
A1 - Scholz, A.
A1 - Wagener, R.
ED - Borsutzki, M.
ED - Moninger, G.
T1 - DIN 50100 Schwingfestigkeitsversuch - Aktueller Stand der Überarbeitung
N2 - DIN 50100 definiert die Bedingungen für den Schwingfestigkeitsversuch, der zur Ermittlung von Kennwerten dient, die das Verhalten metallischer Werkstoffe und Bauteile bei zyklischer Beanspruchung mit einer konstanten Lastamplitude beschreiben (Wöhlerversuch). Die Norm umfasst die Versuchsdurchführung, die Versuchsauswertung sowie die Dokumentation von lastgeregelten Wöhlerversuchen im Zeit- und Langzeitfestigkeitsbereich. Mit DIN 50100 soll erreicht werden, dass die Wöhlerlinien verschiedener Prüfstellen miteinander vergleichbar und die wesentlichen Randbedingungen der Versuchsdurchführung dokumentiert werden. Da die Ergebnisse von Schwingfestigkeitsversuchen streuen, ist die Treffsicherheit für die Schätzung der Kennwerte von der Anzahl der Versuche einer Versuchsreihe abhängig. In Abhängigkeit von einer geforderten Treffsicherheit wird durch die DIN 50100 der erforderliche Stichprobenumfang vorgegeben.
T2 - Tagung Werkstoffprüfung 2014 - Fortschritte in der Werkstoffprüfung für Forschung und Praxis
CY - Bad Neuenahr, Germany
DA - 03.12.2015
PY - 2015
SN - 978-3-514-00816-8
SP - 175
EP - 180
PB - Verlag Stahleisen
CY - Düsseldorf
AN - OPUS4-35176
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Schmitt, M.
A1 - Casperson, Ralf
A1 - Baensch, F.
A1 - Müller, D.
T1 - Nationale, europäische und internationale Normung in der zerstörungsfreien Prüfung
N2 - Normung und Standardisierung in der zerstörungsfreien Prüfung finden auf nationaler, europäischer und internationaler Ebene statt. Die Übernahme von Leitungsfunktionen in diesen Gremien erzeugt die Möglichkeit der Steuerung von Themen und Inhalten der relevanten Normen. Das persönliche Engagement der Fachexpert*innen in den nationalen Gremien und den europäischen und internationalen Arbeitsgruppen ist ein zusätzlicher Faktor für die inhaltliche Korrektheit und die inhaltliche Ausrichtung der Norm. Denn wer nicht normt, wird genormt und muss letztlich Normen anwenden, die andere entsprechend ihrer eigenen Interessen gestaltet haben. Voraussetzung für die Teilnahme in europäischen und internationalen Normungsgremien ist die Mitwirkung in den entsprechenden DINSpiegelgremien, welche die europäischen (CEN) und internationalen (ISO) Aktivitäten spiegeln und die Fachexpert*innen für die Mitarbeit autorisieren.
Auf internationaler Ebene findet die Normungsarbeit in den technischen Komitees ISO/TC 135 “Non-destructive testing” und ISO/TC 44/SC 5 “Testing and inspection of welds” und ihren Arbeitsgruppen statt. Das europäische Pendant ist das CEN/TC 138 “Zerstörungsfreie Prüfverfahren” mit seinen Arbeitsgremien. Die DINSpiegelgremien sind für die deutsche Mitarbeit in diesen Gremien und die inhaltliche Bewertung der Norm-Entwürfe zuständig.
T2 - DGZfP Jahrestagung 2024
CY - Osnabrück, Germany
DA - 05.05.2024
KW - Normung
KW - Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung
KW - Qualifizierung
KW - Qualitätssicherung
PY - 2024
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-600726
DO - https://doi.org/10.58286/29496
IS - 5
SP - 1
EP - 6
AN - OPUS4-60072
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schnell, A.
A1 - Rübner, Katrin
A1 - Seher, Julia
A1 - Müller, A.
A1 - Liebezeit, S.
A1 - Fenner, J.
A1 - Martin, F.
A1 - Pniok, N.
T1 - REALight ‐ Leichtgranulate und REA‐Gips aus feinkörnigen sulfatbelasteten Bau‐ und Abbruchabfällen
N2 - Ziel des Projekts REALight ist die Entwicklung einer Referenzanlage zur Herstellung von Leichtgranulaten (leichte Gesteinskörnungen) aus Bau‐ und Abbruchabfällen und zur Gipsrückgewinnung. Als Rohstoffe werden bisher ungenutzte oder auf niedrigem Niveau eingesetzte Bau‐ und Abbruchabfälle und industrielle Nebenprodukte verwendet. Als Produkte werden leichte Gesteinskörnungen hergestellt. Die Sulfatabtrennung durch eine thermische Zersetzung bildet die Grundlage für die zusätzliche Gewinnung von Rauchgasentschwefelungs‐Gips (REA‐Gips). Das Projekt wird im Rahmen der Fördermaßnahme „Ressourceneffiziente Kreislaufwirtschaft – Bauen und Mineralische Stoffkreisläufe (ReMin)” gefördert. ReMin ist eine Maßnahme zur Umsetzung des BMBF‐Forschungskonzepts „Ressourceneffiziente Kreislaufwirtschaft” als Teil der BMBF Strategie „Forschung für nachhaltige Entwicklung – FONA”. Ziel der Förderung ist es, den Ausbau der Kreislaufwirtschaft voranzutreiben. Im Mittelpunkt steht dabei die Bauwirtschaft mit ihrer hohen Nachfrage nach Rohstoffen und gleichzeitig großen Mengen an anfallenden mineralischen Abfällen. Am Projekt REALight sind 12 Partner aus verschiedenen Bereichen der Baustoffherstellung und ‐anwendung, Abfallaufbereitung, Verfahrenstechnik sowie Forschung und Entwicklung beteiligt.
T2 - 21. Internationale Baustofftagung (ibausil)
CY - Weimar, Germany
DA - 13.09.2023
KW - Baustoffrecycling
KW - Leichtgranulate
KW - Gips
KW - Leichte Gesteinskörnungen
KW - Drehrohrofen
KW - Recycling
KW - Mauerwerkbruch
KW - Infraleichtbeton
PY - 2023
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-591708
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/cepa.2840
SN - 2509-7075
VL - 6
IS - 6
SP - 530
EP - 536
PB - Ernst & Sohn
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-59170
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Strangfeld, Christoph
A1 - Müller-Vahl, H. F.
A1 - Nayeri, C. N.
A1 - Paschereit, C. O.
A1 - Greenblatt, D.
T1 - Airfoil synchronous surging and pitching
N2 - Combined surging and pitching of an airfoil at the identical frequency (i.e. synchronously), at four different phase differences, was investigated theoretically and experimentally. The most general unsteady theoretical formulation was adopted to calculate the lift coefficient, and then extended to explicitly compute the unsteady bound vortex sheet. This was used for comparison with experiments and facilitated the computation of both Joukowsky and impulsive-pressure lift contributions. Experiments were performed using a symmetric 18 % thick airfoil in an unsteady wind tunnel at an average Reynolds number of 3.0*10^5 , with a free-stream oscillation amplitude of 51 %, an angle-of-attack range of 2° +- 2° and a reduced frequency of 0.097. In general, excellent correspondence was observed between theory and experiment, representing the first direct experimental validation of the general theory. It was shown, both theoretically and experimentally, that the lift coefficient was not accurately represented by independent superposition of surging and pitching effects, due to variations in the instantaneous effective reduced frequency not accounted for during pure pitching. Deviations from theory, observed at angle-of-attack phase leads of 90° and 180°, were attributed to bursting of separation bubbles during the early stages of the acceleration phase. The largest deviations occurred when the impulsive-pressure lift contribution was small relative to the Joukowsky contribution, because the latter was most affected by bubble bursting. Bubble bursting resulted in large form-drag oscillations that occurred at identical phase angles within the oscillation cycle, irrespective of the phase difference between surging and pitching, as well as in the absence of pitching.
KW - Unsteady aerodynamics
KW - Dynamic stall
KW - Separation bubble
KW - Bubble bursting
PY - 2025
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-630068
DO - https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2025.220
SN - 1469-7645
VL - 1009
SP - 1
EP - 33
PB - Cambridge University Press (CUP)
AN - OPUS4-63006
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Stephan, H.
A1 - Walther, M.
A1 - Fähnemann, S.
A1 - Ceroni, P.
A1 - Molloy, J.K.
A1 - Bergamini, G.
A1 - Heisig, F.
A1 - Müller, C.E.
A1 - Kraus, Werner
A1 - Comba, P.
T1 - Bispidines for dual imaging
N2 - The efficient transformation of the hexadentate bispidinol 1 into carbamate derivatives yields functional bispidines enabling convenient functionalization for targeted imaging. The BODIPY-substituted bispidine 3 combines a coordination site for metal ions, such as radioactive 64CuII, with a fluorescent unit. Product 3 was thoroughly characterized by standard analytical methods, single crystal X-ray diffraction, radiolabeling, and photophysical analysis. The luminescence of ligand 3 was found to be strongly dependent on metal ion coordination: CuII quenches the BODIPY fluorescence, whereas NiII and ZnII ions do not affect it. It follows that, in imaging applications with the positron emitter 64CuII, residues of its origin from enriched 64Ni and the decay products 64NiII and 64ZnII, efficiently restore the fluorescence of the ligand. This allows for monitoring of the emitted radiation as well as the fluorescence signal. The stability of the 64CuII–3 complex is investigated by transmetalation experiments with ZnII and NiII, using fluorescence and radioactivity detection, and the results confirm the high stability of 64CuII–3. In addition, metal complexes of ligand 3 with the lanthanide ions TbIII, EuIII, and NdIII are shown to exhibit emission of the BODIPY ligand and the lanthanide ion, thus enabling dual emission detection.
KW - Bispidines
KW - Chelates
KW - Imaging agents
KW - Lanthanides
KW - Radiolabeling
KW - Nuclear medical application
KW - Radioactive labelling
KW - SPECT
PY - 2014
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201404086
SN - 0947-6539
SN - 1521-3765
VL - 20
IS - 51
SP - 17011
EP - 17018
PB - Wiley-VCH Verl.
CY - Weinheim
AN - OPUS4-32320
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Hösl, Simone
A1 - Neumann, B.
A1 - Techritz, Sandra
A1 - Linscheid, M.
A1 - Theuring, F.
A1 - Scheler, C.
A1 - Jakubowski, Norbert
A1 - Müller, Larissa
T1 - Development of a calibration and standardization procedure for LA-ICP-MS using a conventional ink-jet printer for quantification of proteins in electro- and western-blot assays
N2 - We developed new procedures for internal standardization and calibration to be used for laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) for elemental micro mapping imaging of biological samples like Western blot membranes and tissue sections. These procedures are based on printing of metal spiked inks onto the top of thin layer samples for simultaneous internal standardization and calibration of LA-ICP-MS. In the case of internal standardization the ink is spiked with indium as an internal standard and homogenously printed over the entire membrane (size 56 cm2) prior to LA-ICP-MS detection, a standard deviation (RSD) value of 2% was achieved. In the second approach the metal content of lanthanide tagged proteins and antibodies after biological work flows was quantified by LA-ICP-MS on nitro-cellulose membranes. In this case the inks spiked with varying metals were printed with different densities on the same nitrocellulose membranes in well-defined squares to produce matrix-matched calibration standards. For validation and calibration the ink squares were excised and the specific metal content was measured by liquid ICP-MS after solubilization of the membrane slice. For the printed calibration standard limits of detection (LOD) of <4 fmol for different metals and relative process standard deviations of 12% only were determined via LA-ICP-MS.
PY - 2014
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ja00060a
SN - 0267-9477
SN - 1364-5544
VL - 29
IS - 7
SP - 1282
EP - 1291
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry
CY - London
AN - OPUS4-31171
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bertovic, Marija
A1 - Calmon, P.
A1 - Carter, L.
A1 - Fischer, J.
A1 - Forsyth, D.
A1 - Holstein, R.
A1 - McGrath, B.
A1 - Müller, Christina
A1 - Pavlovic, Mato
A1 - Ronneteg, U.
A1 - Rummel, W.
A1 - Schubert, F.
A1 - Selby, G.
T1 - Summary of the "open space technology discussions" on reliability of NDE
N2 - Since the beginnings of the European American Workshops (EAW) in 1997, the aim was to gather the experts in NDE reliability and discuss burning topics with the aim of identifying crucial problems and suggesting ways to move forward. This was usually achieved during the so-called break-out sessions, in which predetermined topics were discussed. During the 5th EAW, held in Berlin in 2013, this approach was replaced by an Open Space Technology (OST) approach. The benefit of this approach is seen in the freedom of topic choices, i. e., the topics are not predetermined but rather arise at that moment in that space and by the participants choice. The following topics arose: new reliability methods (Bayesian, MAPOD,
), structural health monitoring, definition of requirements of NDE by customer versus provider, what value of POD is good enough?, human factors, manual versus automated inspection, and basic concepts of reliability of NDE. The participants were encouraged to walk from one session to another and openly express their opinions. These were in the end summarized by a chosen group of moderators and presented in this paper.
N2 - Seit den Anfängen der europäischen amerikanischen Workshops (EAW) im Jahr 1997 war es das Ziel, Experten auf dem Gebiet der ZfP-Zuverlässigkeit zusammenzuführen und aktuelle Themen zu diskutieren, um wichtige Probleme zu identifizieren und Wege für deren Lösung vorzuschlagen. Dies wurde in der Regel während der sogenannten Break-out Sessions erreicht, in denen vorgegebene Themen diskutiert wurden. Während des 5. EAW, der in Berlin im Jahr 2013 stattfand, wurde dieser Ansatz durch einen Open Space Technology (OST) Ansatz ersetzt. Open Space ist eine Methode der Gruppenmoderation, die sehr gut geeignet ist, um neue Ideen zu entwickeln und selbstständiges Arbeiten zu fördern, d. h. die Themen werden nicht vorgegeben, sondern ergeben sich in diesem Moment in diesem Raum und durch die Wahl der Teilnehmer. Die folgenden Themen wurden herausgearbeitet: neue Zuverlässigkeitsmethoden (Bayes, MAPOD, ...
), Structural Health Monitoring, Definition von Anforderungen der Kunden gegenüber den ZfP-Anbietern, Welcher Wert der POD ist gut genug?, der Einfluss menschlicher Faktoren, manuelle gegenüber automatisierte Prüfung, sowie Grundkonzepte der ZfP-Zuverlässigkeit. Die Teilnehmer wurden aufgefordert, von einer Sitzung zur anderen zu wechseln und offen ihre Meinung zu äußern. Diese Meinungen wurden am Ende von einer ausgewählten Gruppe von Moderatoren zusammengefasst und werden in diesem Beitrag vorgestellt.
KW - NDE reliability
KW - POD
KW - Bayesian approach
KW - Structural health monitoring
KW - Human factors
KW - Open space technology
PY - 2014
UR - http://www.hanser-elibrary.com/doi/pdf/10.3139/120.110604
DO - https://doi.org/10.3139/120.110604
SN - 0025-5300
VL - 56
IS - 7-8
SP - 602
EP - 606
PB - Hanser
CY - München
AN - OPUS4-31269
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Bertovic, Marija
A1 - Calmon, P.
A1 - Carter, L.
A1 - Fisher, J.
A1 - Forsyth, D.
A1 - Holstein, R.
A1 - McGrath, B.
A1 - Müller, Christina
A1 - Pavlovic, Mato
A1 - Ronneteg, U.
A1 - Rummel, W.
A1 - Schubert, F.
A1 - Selby, G.
T1 - Summary of the open space technology discussions
N2 - The highlight of 5th European American Workshop on Reliability of NDE (5th EAW) was the “Open Space Technology“(OST) discussion. The aim of the 5thEAW and, in particular, of the OST discussion - was to shed light on the reasons, which create a “deltcT between all the qualifications and reliability models and the real reliability in the field.
In the previous 4 Workshops, the different topics of interest were discussed in the so-called break-out sessions, in which a specific goal for each working group was defined beforehand. In order not to move on “the old rails” in search for an answer, the break-out sessions were this year replaced by an open space approach. The reason for this was not to restrict the participants to a certain number of topics, but rather to allow the topics to arisefrom the interests of the participants and the needs of both the researchers and the NDT practitioners. This was achieved through setting up a wall of ideas. Each of the participantswas asked to write down as many questions or topics as they wanted, and pin them up on the wall throughout the duration of the entire Workshop. Finally, when the participants gathered for the discussion, those ideas were organized into 6 main topics:
A. New reliability methods: Multiparameter POD, MAPOD, Bayesian
B. Structural health monitoring
C. Applications in industry
D. Human factors
E. Integrated Solutions and “delta"
F. Basic concepts of reliability of NDE
As in the spirit of the OST, in which the participants themselves determine the
topics and decide how the discussion will flow, the participants from the topics C, D and E
joined their forces and disused together.
The groups separated and, under the moderation of several experts in different NDT reliability fields, the different issues have been discussed. At the end of the day the Groups were asked to present the content and the results of their work. Every group wrote a summary of the discussion.
The purpose of this paper is to present the summaries of the held discussions and, therewith, share with the NDT community the main conclusions.
T2 - 5th European-American workshop on reliability of NDE
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 07.10.2013
PY - 2013
SN - 978-3-940283-53-5
IS - DGZfP-BB 144
SP - 1
EP - 7
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-31271
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Müller, Karsten
A1 - Favre, A.
A1 - Hilbert, F.
A1 - Quercetti, Thomas
A1 - Neumeyer, Tino
A1 - Weingart, Barbara
T1 - Prototype testing of a protective structural packaging for 30B cylinder
N2 - Three drop test campaigns have been performed with DN 30 Protective Structural Packaging (PSP) developed by DAHER NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES GmbH for the transport of natural, enriched and reprocessed uranium hexafluoride (up to 5 wt%) in 30B cylinders.
The mechanical prototype testing is intended to demonstrate that the package DN30 complies with regulatory requirements under normal and hypothetical accident conditions of transport (NCT, ACT) relevant to IF, AF and B(U)F packages, respectively.
The paper includes the results of the latest test campaign carried out in 2015-2016 at the drop test facility of BAM, Germany with new full scale prototypes of the DN30 PSP and 30B cylinders. Repetition of drop test sequences became necessary after changing to Polyisocyanurate foam as shock absorbing material with variable foam densities. Furthermore, the mechanical behavior of the UF6 content of the 30B cylinder is now simulated by a mixture of cement and steel grid as modified surrogate material; instead of small steel balls. The behavior of this new content simulation is assumed to be more realistic with respect to the properties of real UF6.
T2 - PATRAM 2016, 18th International Symposium on the Packaging and Transportation of Radioactive Materials
CY - Kobe, Japan
DA - 18.09.2016
KW - Drop test
KW - Packaging
KW - Radioactive material
KW - Uranium hexafluoride
PY - 2016
SP - Paper 1018, 1
EP - 11
PB - INMM
CY - Deerfield, Illinois, USA
AN - OPUS4-37568
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - RPRT
A1 - Joschko, M.
A1 - Reinhold, J.
A1 - Barkusky, D.
A1 - Wiemer, M.
A1 - Remus, R.
A1 - Busse, J.
A1 - Müller, H.-J.
A1 - Kiesel, J.
A1 - Gleixner, G.
A1 - Illerhaus, Bernhard
A1 - Kirchner, M.
A1 - Oehley, J.
A1 - Gerlach, F.
T1 - Wirkung einer organischen Düngung mit Seeschlamm auf sandigem Boden im nordostdeutschen Trockengebiet
PY - 2009
SP - 1
EP - 162
CY - Frankfurt/Main
AN - OPUS4-20928
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Debatin, F.
A1 - Thomas, A.
A1 - Kelling, A.
A1 - Hedin, N.
A1 - Bacsik, Z.
A1 - Senkovska, I.
A1 - Kaskel, S.
A1 - Junginger, M.
A1 - Müller, H.
A1 - Schilde, U.
A1 - Jäger, Christian
A1 - Friedrich, A.
A1 - Holdt, H.-J.
T1 - In situ synthesis of an imidazolate-4-amide-5-imidate ligand and formation of a microporous zinc-organic framework with H2-and CO2-storage ability
KW - Metal-organic framework
KW - Synthesis
KW - XRD
KW - FTIR
KW - NMR
KW - Gas sorption
KW - Microporous materials
KW - N,O ligands
KW - Solvothermal synthesis
PY - 2010
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200906188
SN - 1433-7851
SN - 1521-3773
SN - 0570-0833
VL - 49
IS - 7
SP - 1258
EP - 1262
PB - Wiley-VCH
CY - Weinheim
AN - OPUS4-21132
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Seah, M.P.
A1 - Spencer, S.J.
A1 - Bensebaa, F.
A1 - Vickridge, I.
A1 - Danzebrink, H.
A1 - Krumrey, M.
A1 - Gross, Thomas
A1 - Österle, Werner
A1 - Wendler, E.
A1 - Rheinländer, B.
A1 - Azuma, Y.
A1 - Kojima, I.
A1 - Suzuki, N.
A1 - Suzuki, M.
A1 - Tanuma, S.
A1 - Moon, D.W.
A1 - Lee, H.J.
A1 - Cho, H.M.
A1 - Chen, H.Y.
A1 - Wee, A. T. S.
A1 - Osipowicz, T.
A1 - Pan, J.S.
A1 - Jordaan, W.A.
A1 - Hauert, R.
A1 - Klotz, U.
A1 - van der Marel, C.
A1 - Verheijen, M.
A1 - Tamminga, Y.
A1 - Jeynes, C.
A1 - Bailey, P.
A1 - Biswas, S.
A1 - Falke, U.
A1 - Nguyen, N.V.
A1 - Chandler-Horowitz, D.
A1 - Ehrstein, J.R.
A1 - Muller, D.
A1 - Dura, J.A.
T1 - Critical review of the current status of thickness measurements for ultrathin SiO2 on Si - Part V: Results of a CCQM pilot study
N2 - Results are reported from a pilot study under the Consultative Committee for Amount of Substance (CCQM) to compare measurements of and resolve any relevant measurement issues in, the amount of thermal SiO2 oxide on (100) and (111) orientation Si wafer substrates in the thickness range 1.5 - 8 nm. As a result of the invitation to participate in this activity, 45 sets of measurements have been made in different laboratories using 10 analytical methods: medium-energy ion scattering spectrometry (MEIS), nuclear reaction analysis (NRA), RBS, elastic backscattering spectrometry (EBS), XPS, SIMS, ellipsometry, grazing-incidence x-ray reflectrometry (GIXRR), neutron reflectometry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The measurements are made on separate sets of 10 carefully prepared samples, all of which have been characterised by a combination of ellipsometry and XPS using carefully established reference conditions and reference parameters.
The results have been assessed against the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) data and all show excellent linearity. The remaining data sets correlate with the NPL data with average root-mean-square scatters of 0.15 nm, half being better than 0.1 nm and a few at or better than 0.05 nm. Each set of data allows a relative scaling constant and a zero thickness offset to be determined. Each method has an inherent zero thickness offset between 0 nm and 1 nm and it is these offsets, measured here for the first time, that have caused many problems in the past. There are three basic classes of offset: water and carbonadeous contamination equivalent to ~1 nm as seen by ellipsometry; adsorbed oxygen mainly from water at an equivalent thickness of 0.5 nm as seen by MEIS, NRA, RBS and possibly GIXRR; and no offset as seen by XPS using the Si 2p peaks. Each technique has a different uncertainty for the scaling constant and consistent results have been achieved. X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy has large uncertainties for the scaling constant but a high precision and, critically, if used correctly, has zero offset. Thus, a combination of XPS and the other methods allows the XPS scaling constant to be determined with low uncertainty, traceable via the other methods. XPS laboratories returning results early were invited to test a new reference procedure. All showed very significant improvements. The reference attenuation lengths thus need scaling by 0.986 ± 0.009 (at an expansion factor of 2) deduced from the data for the other methods. Several other methods have small offsets and, to the extent that these can be shown to be constant or measurable, then these methods will also show low uncertainty. Recommendations are provided for parameters for XPS, MEIS, RBS and NRA to improve their accuracy.
KW - Calibration
KW - Ellipsometry
KW - GIXRR
KW - Interlaboratory study
KW - MEIS
KW - Neutron reflectometry
KW - NRA
KW - RBS
KW - Silicon dioxide
KW - SIMS
KW - XPS
PY - 2004
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.1909
SN - 0142-2421
SN - 1096-9918
VL - 36
IS - 9
SP - 1269
EP - 1303
PB - Wiley
CY - Chichester
AN - OPUS4-5549
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bernhardt, R.
A1 - Scharnweber, D.
A1 - Müller, B.
A1 - Thurner, P.
A1 - Schliephake, K.
A1 - Wyss, P.
A1 - Beckmann, F.
A1 - Goebbels, Jürgen
A1 - Worch, H.
T1 - Comparison of microfocus- and synchrotron X-ray tomography for the analysis of osteointegration around T16AL4V-implants
N2 - Micro-computed tomography (µCT) provides quantitative three-dimensional information of bone around titanium implants similar to classical histology. The study, based on an animal model, using cuboid-shaped biofunctionalised Ti6Al4V implants with surrounding bone after 4 weeks, is performed using 3 µCT-systems with X-ray tubes, one synchrotron-radiation-based µCT-system (SRµCT), and classical histology. Although the spatial resolution of the µCTsystems is comparable, only the results of SRµCT agree with results of classical histology. The X-ray tube sources give rise to huge artefacts in the tomograms (interface scattering, beam hardening), which impaired the quantitative analysis of bone up to about 200 µm from the implant surface. Due to the non-destructive character of µCT the specimens can be subsequently examined by classical histology
without restriction. The quantitative comparison of bone formation uncovers the strong dependence of the detected amount of newly formed bone from the selected slice. This
implies the necessity of 3D analysis. SRµCT and classical histology prove that surface modifications of the titanium implant significantly influence the bone formation. Using SRµCT, the preparation artefacts due to cutting and polishing are excluded.
KW - X-ray micro computed tomography
KW - Comparison of microfocus and synchrotron radiation
KW - Osteointegration
KW - Surface modification of titanium implants
KW - Histology
KW - Bone segmentation
KW - Quantification of bone formation
PY - 2004
UR - http://www.ecmjournal.org/journal/papers/vol007/vol007a05.php
SN - 1473-2262
VL - 7
SP - 42
EP - 51
PB - Univ. of Wales
CY - Aberystwyth, Wales
AN - OPUS4-5600
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Fücsök, F.
A1 - Müller, Christina
A1 - Rosenthal, Martina
T1 - Some Results of the RRT of the Radiographic Film Evaluation
T2 - MATEST 2003 NDT Achievements and Challenges
CY - Brijuni-Pula, Croatia
DA - 2003-09-28
KW - Reliability
KW - Human factor
KW - Radiographic film evaluation
PY - 2003
N1 - Geburtsname von Rosenthal, Martina: Scharmach, M. - Birth name of Rosenthal, Martina: Scharmach, M.
SP - 1(?)
EP - 11(?)
AN - OPUS4-2783
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - RPRT
A1 - Seah, M.P.
A1 - Spencer, S.J.
A1 - Bensebaa, F.
A1 - Vickridge, I.
A1 - Danzebrink, H.
A1 - Krumrey, M.
A1 - Gross, Thomas
A1 - Österle, Werner
A1 - Wendler, E.
A1 - Rheinländer, B.
A1 - Azuma, Y.
A1 - Kojima, I.
A1 - Suzuki, N.
A1 - Suzuki, M.
A1 - Tanuma, S.
A1 - Moon, D.W.
A1 - Lee, H.J.
A1 - Cho, H.M.
A1 - Chen, H.Y.
A1 - Wee, A. T. S.
A1 - Osipowicz, T.
A1 - Pan, J.S.
A1 - Jordaan, W.A.
A1 - Hauert, R.
A1 - Klotz, U.
A1 - van der Marel, C.
A1 - Verheijen, M.
A1 - Tamminga, Y.
A1 - Jeynes, C.
A1 - Bailey, P.
A1 - Biswas, S.
A1 - Falke, U.
A1 - Nguyen, N.V.
A1 - Chandler-Horowitz, D.
A1 - Ehrstein, J.R.
A1 - Muller, D.
A1 - Dura, J.A.
T1 - Ultra-thin SiO2 on Si, Part V: Results of a CCQM Pilot Study of Thickness Measurements
KW - SiO2
KW - Thin films
KW - Thickness
KW - XPS
KW - Ellipsometry
KW - TEM
PY - 2003
SN - 1473-2734
SP - 57 pages
AN - OPUS4-4118
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Felix, F. W.
A1 - Meier, Klaus
A1 - Müller, Maike
T1 - Reaktionskinetische Untersuchungen an neutronenbestrahlten Alkalihalogenid-Einkristallen
PY - 1974
SN - 0044-3166
VL - 29
SP - 1299
EP - 1305
PB - Verl. d. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung
CY - Tübingen
AN - OPUS4-7968
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Abou-Ras, D.
A1 - Caballero, R.
A1 - Fischer, C.-H.
A1 - Kaufmann, C.A.
A1 - Lauermann, I.
A1 - Mainz, R.
A1 - Mönig, H.
A1 - Schöpke, A.
A1 - Stephan, C.
A1 - Streeck, C.
A1 - Schorr, S.
A1 - Eicke, A.
A1 - Döbeli, M.
A1 - Gade, B.
A1 - Hinrichs, J.
A1 - Nunney, T.
A1 - Dijkstra, H.
A1 - Hoffmann, V.
A1 - Klemm, D.
A1 - Efimova, V.
A1 - Bergmaier, A.
A1 - Dollinger, G.
A1 - Wirth, Thomas
A1 - Unger, Wolfgang
A1 - Rockett, A.A.
A1 - Perez-Rodriguez, A.
A1 - Alvarez-Garcia, J.
A1 - Izquierdo-Roca, V.
A1 - Schmid, T.
A1 - Choi, P.-P.
A1 - Müller, M.
A1 - Bertram, F.
A1 - Christen, J.
A1 - Khatri, H.
A1 - Collins, R.W.
A1 - Marsillac, S.
A1 - Kötschau, I.
T1 - Comprehensive comparison of various techniques for the analysis of elemental distributions in thin films
N2 - The present work shows results on elemental distribution analyses in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films for solar cells performed by use of wavelength-dispersive and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX) in a scanning electron microscope, EDX in a transmission electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron, angle-dependent soft X-ray emission, secondary ion-mass (SIMS), time-of-flight SIMS, sputtered neutral mass, glow-discharge optical emission and glow-discharge mass, Auger electron, and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, by use of scanning Auger electron microscopy, Raman depth profiling, and Raman mapping, as well as by use of elastic recoil detection analysis, grazing-incidence X-ray and electron backscatter diffraction, and grazing-incidence X-ray fluorescence analysis. The Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films used for the present comparison were produced during the same identical deposition run and exhibit thicknesses of about 2 µm. The analysis techniques were compared with respect to their spatial and depth resolutions, measuring speeds, availabilities, and detection limits.
KW - Elemental distributions
KW - Comparison
KW - Depth profiling
KW - Chemical mapping
KW - Thin films
KW - Solar cells
KW - Chalcopyrite-type
KW - Cu(In,Ga)Se2
PY - 2011
DO - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927611000523
SN - 1431-9276
SN - 1435-8115
VL - 17
IS - 5
SP - 728
EP - 751
PB - Cambridge University Press
CY - New York, NY
AN - OPUS4-24506
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Marzok, Ulrich
A1 - Müller, Ralf
A1 - Schadrack, Reinhard
A1 - Krauhausen, M.
A1 - Burgstedt, F.
A1 - Brode, W.
A1 - Reetz, R.
T1 - Hochtemperatur-Laserprofilometrie an keramischen Bauteilen
N2 - Hochleistungssinterwerkstoffe spielen eine wachsende Rolle in derzeitigen Schlüsseltechnologien wie der Mikrosystem-, Informations-, Kommunikations- und Medizintechnik.
Dabei steigen die Anforderungen an die präzise Steuerung der Sinterung. Besonders für komplexe, gradierte oder heterogen zusammengesetzte Formkörper wie zum Beispiel keramische LTCC-Multilayer für die Mikrosystemtechnik hat die exakte Beherrschung dieses Prozessschrittes wesentlichen Einfluss auf die Maßhaltigkeit, mechanische Integrität und Zuverlässigkeit der gesinterten Bauteile. Bedingt durch die Heterogenität der mehrlagigen und mit Leit- und anderen Funktionspasten bedruckten Sinterkörper hinsichtlich ihrer sinterphysikalischen oder thermischen Eigenschaften können bleibende
oder temporäre Verwerfungen beim Schrumpfungsprozess auftreten, wobei letztere unter Umständen Ursache latenter Fehler im späteren Bauteil sind.
PY - 2013
SN - 0173-9913
SN - 0196-6219
VL - 90
IS - 3
SP - D19
EP - D24
PB - Göller
CY - Baden-Baden
AN - OPUS4-28013
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Fücsök, F.
A1 - Müller, Christina
A1 - Rosenthal, Martina
T1 - Reliability of Routine Radiographic Film Evaluation - an Extended ROC Study of the Human Factor
N2 - Many radiographic exposures and film evaluations are made daily in a typical industrial NDT laboratory. But questions remain regarding the precise probability of detecting discontinuities, including the reliability of each individual inspector or laboratory. Although most experienced inspectors of the laboratories evaluate each radiograph, the actual quantitative reliability of each of these inspectors remains unknown.
In order to estimate the performance of representative inspectors and laboratories involved in NDE, volunteer laboratories from Croatia and Hungary conducted a series of round-robin inspections using X-ray films of welds. While the RRT is still in progress, the authors try to summarize the results of the second round and discuss the evaluation method. The results of the first round had been reported already. The focus is here to present the new results in terms of additional inspectors and a new more field oriented evaluation scheme.
So far the results of a total of 35 inspectors of the different laboratories were evaluated. Those inspectors were selected who have done usually the work of radiographic film interpretation. They have from a half up to 35 years professional experience. For better overview we created four groups: maximum 4 year-experience, from 5 to 12 year-experience, from 15 to 25 year- experience and from 26 to 35 year-experience.
Discussing the circumstances of the RRT with the participants, many of them expressed, they could not exactly follow the prescription of the test. According to their professional experience the small discontinuities can be omitted because of the strictest acceptance level accept them. So the most experienced evaluators did not write the small gases and slags into the list, which yield a wrong reliability of detection. As a consequence we should accomplish two types of evaluation: taking into consideration of all discontinuity and only the bigger once they are over the acceptance level.
In addition we analyzed the true values in a critical review. These developments were made and the new results of the evaluation of the testers were more precise and reliable.
The corresponding results are evaluated and presented in a ROC diagram where the p(TP) is plotted against the p(FP). The p(TP) means the probability of a true positive indication (correct defect finding) and p(FP) means the probability of a false positive (false alarm) indication. From the mean value of all inspectors maximum operation points we can estimate a representative overall reliability in terms of a correct indication rate of about 68 % (64 % new) and a false call rate of about 17 % (8 % new). This is a reasonable result within the strict 1 cm score.
T2 - 8th ECNDT
CY - Barcelona, Spain
DA - 2002-06-17
PY - 2002
UR - http://www.ndt.net/article/ecndt02/429/429.htm
N1 - Geburtsname von Rosenthal, Martina: Scharmach, M. - Birth name of Rosenthal, Martina: Scharmach, M.
PB - European Federation for Non-Destructive Testing
CY - Barcelona
AN - OPUS4-2022
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Müller-Vahl, H. F.
A1 - Strangfeld, Christoph
A1 - Nayeri, C. N.
A1 - Paschereit, C. O.
A1 - Greenblatt, D.
T1 - Dynamic Stall Under Combined Pitching and Surging
N2 - Dynamic stall often occurs under conditions of simultaneous unsteady pitching and surging (e.g., rotorcraft and wind turbines), butmanymodels employ a dimensionless time base that implicitly assumes that surging is superimposed, in a quasi-steady manner, on dynamic pitching. An unsteady wind tunnel was used to examine this assumption, where a technique was developed to quantify the unsteady effects of surging on a pitching NACA 0018 airfoil. The technique involved performing multiple harmonic pitching experiments under nominally steady freestream conditions that bracketed a corresponding 50% surging amplitude (1.25 ⋅ 105 ≤ Re ≤ 3.75 ⋅ 105). By interpolating these data, unsteady-pitching/quasi-steady-surging data sets were constructed and compared with de facto synchronous pitch and surging experiments, thereby isolating the unsteady effects of surging on a pitching airfoil. Both large and small poststall maximum angles of attack (αs + 5° and αs + 15°) were considered at multiple pitch-surge phase differences. During deep dynamic stall (αs � 15°), with large-scale separation, surging was seen to have a secondary effect on the unsteady aerodynamics. However, at small poststall maximum angles of attack (αs + 5°), either light or deep dynamic stall behavior was observed depending upon the pitch-surge phase difference. This was attributed to Reynolds number history effects, exemplified by boundary-layer transition, and thus it can be referred to as “transitional” dynamic stall.
KW - Dynamic stall
KW - Angle of attack oscillations
KW - Free stream velocity osciallations
PY - 2020
DO - https://doi.org/10.2514/1.J059153
VL - 58
IS - 12
SP - 5134
EP - 5145
PB - American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
AN - OPUS4-51037
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - RPRT
A1 - Thieme-Hack, M.
A1 - Berghaus, U.
A1 - Brümmer, F.
A1 - Elsner, U.
A1 - Färber, C.
A1 - Frank, D.
A1 - Illgas, M.
A1 - Kalbe, Ute
A1 - Kathage, J.
A1 - Leers, A.
A1 - Müller, B.
A1 - Röger-Göpfert, C.
A1 - Russland, H.-J.
A1 - Schnabel, B.
A1 - Schneider, O.
A1 - Schockmann, D.
A1 - Schomakers, H.
A1 - Schwalbe, D.
A1 - Stegemann, D.
A1 - van den Berg, T.
A1 - Kramps, S.
T1 - Fachbericht Kunststoffsportböden - Nachhaltige Kunststoffbelagsauswahl für Sportfreianlagen
N2 - Kunststoff- und Kunststoffrasenflächen kommt bei intensiv genutzten Flächen als Allwetterbeläge eine große Bedeutung zu. Sie leisten einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Absicherung eines ganzjähriger Sportangebote.
Gerade Kunststoffrasen ist aber in den letzten Jahren häufig in die Kritik geraten, insbesondere durch gefährliche Inhaltsstoffe und andere negative Einflüsse auf die Umwelt. Dies hat bei Bauherren zu einer Verunsicherung geführt und Fragen aufgeworfen, die erst teilweise beantwortet sind. Die Diskussionen rund um diesen Allwetterbelag haben bereits dazu geführt, dass von Seiten der Industrie viel verändert wurde und neue innovative Lösungen gefunden werden.
Der Fachbericht stellt eine Handreichung für Fachleute und interessierte Laien dar, um mehr Klarheit besonders hinsichtlich der Umweltanforderungen zu erzielen.
KW - Kunststoffsportbeläge
KW - Kunstrasen
KW - Umweltverträglichkeit
KW - Schadstofftransfer
KW - Mikroplastik
PY - 2022
UR - https://shop.fll.de/de/fachbericht-kunststoffsportboeden-broschuere.html
SP - 1
EP - 70
PB - Forschungsgesellschaft Landschaftsentwicklung Landschaftsbau (FLL)
CY - Bonn
AN - OPUS4-54390
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Müller, Urs
A1 - Pliett, H.
A1 - Wenzel, F.
A1 - Meng, Birgit
T1 - A sustainable approach for the conservation of the Timur Shah Mausoleum in Kabul, Afghanistan
T2 - 10th International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components (DBMC)
CY - Lyon, France
DA - 2005-04-17
PY - 2005
SP - 1
EP - 8(?)
CY - Lyon
AN - OPUS4-7411
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Jakubowski, Norbert
A1 - Müller, L.
A1 - Traub, Heike
A1 - Esteban-Fernández, D.
A1 - Panne, Ulrich
A1 - Herrmann, Antje
A1 - Schellenberger, E.
A1 - Theuring, F.
A1 - Kneipp, Janina
T1 - Imaging by laser ablation ICP-MS
N2 - ICP-MS is a well-established analytical method which excels by high accuracy, high dynamic range and extremely low limits of detection for most metals. Furthermore ICP-MS offers a very high multi-element coverage so that many elements of the periodic table can be detected simultaneously. In this series of lectures, we want to focus on the historical developments, fundamentals, instrumentation and novel applications of ICP-MS in the life and material sciences.
T2 - Ringvorlesung Analytik
CY - Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
DA - 23.06.2017
KW - Laser ablation ICP-MS
KW - Bio-Imaging
PY - 2017
AN - OPUS4-40757
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Albert, F.
A1 - Baum, S.
A1 - Goecke, S.
A1 - Müller, A.
A1 - Sievi, P.
A1 - Rethmeier, Michael
T1 - Nahtgeführtes Laserstrahl-Remoteschweißen mit Strahloszillation - Beeinflussung der Schweißnahtanmutung, der Schweißnahtgeometrie und der Spaltüberbrückbarkeit
PY - 2013
SN - 0036-7184
VL - 65
IS - 9
SP - 631
EP - 635
PB - Verl. für Schweißen u. Verwandte Verfahren, DVS-Verl.
CY - Düsseldorf
AN - OPUS4-29300
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Brandt, S.
A1 - Brozowski, F.
A1 - Plehn, W.
A1 - Horn, Wolfgang
A1 - Müller, B.
T1 - Further Development of Odour Testing of Building Products – Sample Presentation and Evaluation of Perceived Intensity
N2 - Indoor air quality is affected by the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOC) or the odour from building products. Odours can be measured by applying the standard ISO 16000-28:2020.
In the study presented here proposals for further technical development of the ISO method are presented. The sampling procedure and evaluation
method of the perceived intensity are investigated in particular because they have a major influence on reproducibility of measurement results.
T2 - 17th International Conference HEALTHY BUILDINGS EUROPE 2021
CY - Online meeting
DA - 21.06.2021
KW - Geruchsmessung
KW - Emissionen
KW - Bauprodukte
KW - VOC
KW - Perceived Intensity
PY - 2021
SN - 978-82-536-1728-2
VL - 2021
SP - 1
EP - 4
PB - SINTEF Books
CY - Oslo, Norwegen
AN - OPUS4-54574
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Brandt, S.
A1 - Brozowski, F.
A1 - Horn, Wolfgang
A1 - Plehn, W.
A1 - Müller, B.
T1 - New developments in odour testing: Adapter connects emission test chamber and funnel
N2 - Healthy and energy efficient buildings must be free from disturbing odours. Odour emissions from building materials can be measured with the well-known and accepted standard ISO 16000-28 “Indoor air – Part 28: Determination of odour emissions from building products using test chambers”. For commonly used emission test chambers the sample air is collected in containers (bags) and presented to a group of panel members for the purpose of evaluating the odour. A standard sets requirements for the on-demand presentation in detail. These include the validation procedure for container materials, pre-treatment of bags, details on storage of filled bags and how to carry out the measurements. However, although these measures are proven in practice, incorrect measurements are still possible. Also errors can occur due to a very complex measurement procedure. So, there is a great need for research into how the odour samples are presented.
The proposal planned to be presented will introduce a new development in sample provision by using an adapter which enables collection and provision of sample air without storage or transport of bags. The adapter is a sample container which is permanently positioned on the emission test chamber´s outlet and continuously filled with sample air flowing through it. The flow is briefly interrupted at the time when a sample is taken by a panel member for the test.
The size of the container is sufficient to provide enough sample air for evaluation by at least one panel member via a funnel. Since sampling and presentation are technically connected, it means you can almost do away with storage or transportation and thus it can be presented almost unchanged to the panelmembers. The aim is to reduce measurement errors in the odour samples provision process and the improvement of measurement reproducibility. The paper presents the construction of the adapter as well as the results of emission and odour tests carried out so far.
T2 - CLIMA 2022 The 14th REHVA HVAC World Congress
CY - Rotterdam, The Netherlands
DA - 22.05.2022
KW - Perceived Intensity
KW - Emissionen
KW - Geruch
KW - Bauprodukte
PY - 2022
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-556192
DO - https://doi.org/10.34641/clima.2022.168
SP - 1
EP - 5
PB - TU Delft open
CY - Delft, Niederlande
AN - OPUS4-55619
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Brandt, S.
A1 - Brozowski, F.
A1 - Horn, Wolfgang
A1 - Müller, B.
T1 - Odour testing of building products: Examinations for an on-going development of the test standard ISO 16000-28
N2 - VOC-emissions and their odours from building products and furnishings present indoors should not have an impact on personal well-being or health. Odours can be measured by applying the standard ISO 16000-28. Indoor air determination of odour emissions from building products using test chambers. One of the described procedures is the assessment of perceived intensity using a comparative scale by a group of panellists. In this paper, the perceived intensity sampling procedure and its evaluation method are investigated and shown to need improvement. New technical developments in the methodology used to increase the reproducibility of measurement results are discussed. Since odour tests are used for labelling, they have a major influence on the assessment of construction products, similar to the procedure of the German Committee for Health Evaluation of Building Products (AgBB). In the original ISO standard, the evaluation is typically performed using a sampling container separated from the emission chamber. For a better sample presentation, an adapter was developed to connect the emission test chamber to the evaluation funnel and thus enable an odour assessment which is comparable to a direct measurement. The investigations show that losses of odourous substances can be greatly reduced, which is very desirable when seeking to obtain reliable results in odour measurement. Another experimental series was carried out to reduce the measurement effort in the evaluation of perceived intensity. Application of the developed greater than or less than/equal to. query could be helpful here. The results show that the query mostly leads to the same result as the evaluation of the perceived intensity using the method according to the standard but is much easier to perform. Overall, the results can contribute to improving the acceptance of the evaluation of perceived intensity using ISO 16000-28 and to determining odours from building materials increasingly more precisely.
T2 - Healthy Buildings 2023 Europe
CY - Aachen, Germany
DA - 11.06.2023
KW - Building material
KW - Odour
KW - Perceived intensity
KW - VOC
KW - Emission test chamber
PY - 2023
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-580070
SP - 345
EP - 352
PB - ISIAQ (International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate)
CY - Herndon, VA, USA
AN - OPUS4-58007
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Müller, B.
A1 - Dahms, A.
A1 - Jakob, B.
A1 - Knudsen, H.N.
A1 - Afshari, A.
A1 - Wargocki, P.
A1 - Olesen, B.
A1 - Berglund, B.
A1 - Ramalho, O.
A1 - Häringer, D.
A1 - Jann, Oliver
A1 - Horn, Wolfgang
A1 - Nesa, D.
A1 - Loubet, F.
A1 - Ruponen, M.
T1 - Measuring perceived air quality and intensity by means of sensor systems, the European Project SysPAQ
T2 - Healthy buildings 2009 - 9th International conference & exhibition
CY - Syracuse, NY, USA
DA - 2009-09-13
KW - Sensor systems
KW - Perceived air quality
KW - Perceived intensity
PY - 2009
IS - Paper 326
SP - 1
EP - 4
CY - Syracuse, NY, USA
AN - OPUS4-20106
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Brandt, S.
A1 - Müller, B.
A1 - Brozowski, F.
A1 - Plehn, W.
A1 - Horn, Wolfgang
T1 - Weiterentwicklung des Geruchsmessverfahrens für Bauprodukte
T1 - Further development of the odour measurement method for building products
N2 - Bauprodukte und Einrichtungsgegenstände für Innenräume, wie Bodenbeläge und Wandpaneele, sollen das Wohlbefinden und die Gesundheit der Raumnutzerinnen und -nutzer nicht durch das Ausdünsten von Geruchsstoffen stören. Mit der Geruchsprüfung nach ISO 16000-28 „Innenraumluft - Bestimmung der Geruchsstoffemissionen aus Bauprodukten mit einer Emissionsprüfkammer“ wird der Produktgeruch zu einer messbaren Größe. So kann z. B. die empfundene Intensität, also die Stärke eines Geruchseindruckes, mit Hilfe eines Vergleichsmaßstabes von Probandinnen und Probanden ermittelt werden. Im hier vorgestellten Projekt werden Vorschläge zur Weiterentwicklung der Methode vorgestellt, um im Ergebnis die Reproduzierbarkeit der Messergebnisse weiter zu verbessern. Dabei werden vor allem das Probenpräsentationssystem und die Bewertungsmethodik für die empfundene Intensität bei der Bewertung von Bauprodukten gemäß AgBB-Schema betrachtet, da diese einen wesentlichen Einfluss haben.
N2 - Emissions or odours occurring from building products and furnishings for interiors, like floor coverings or wall panels, should not have a negative impact on well-being or health. Odours can be measured applying the standard ISO 16000-28 „Indoor air - Determination of odour emissions from building products using test chambers” It describes among other procedures the assessment of perceived intensi-ty with comparative scale by a group of panellists. In the study presented here, proposals for further technical development of the methodology are discussed to increase the reproducibility of measurement results. The sampling procedure and evaluation method of perceived intensity are investigated in particular because they have a major influence at the assessment of construction products applying the procedure of the Committee for Health Evaluation of Building Products.
KW - Geruchsmessung
KW - Emissionen
KW - Bauprodukte
KW - VOC
PY - 2021
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-527458
UR - http://www.gefahrstoffe.de
SN - 0949-8036
SN - 1436-4891
VL - 81
IS - 3-4
SP - 151
EP - 155
PB - VDI Fachmedien
CY - Düsseldorf
AN - OPUS4-52745
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Dal Molin, E. S.
A1 - Henning, L. M.
A1 - Müller, J. T.
A1 - Smales, Glen Jacob
A1 - Pauw, Brian Richard
A1 - Bekheet, M. F.
A1 - Gurlo, A.
A1 - Simon, U.
T1 - Robocasting of ordered mesoporous silica‐based monoliths: Rheological, textural, and mechanical characterization
N2 - Hierarchically porous, high‐surface‐area silica materials are excellent candidates for multiple applications like catalysis and environmental remediation. Shaping these materials with additive manufacturing (AM) techniques, like robocasting, could enable their use with the benefit of on‐demand, customized shaping and maximizing performance. Herein, ordered mesoporous silica COK‐12 slurries were robocasted into monoliths, containing different ratios of uncalcined COK‐12 and sodium bentonite (0–25 wt.%). The rheology of the mixed slurries is characterized by lower flow indexes (0.69 vs. 0.32) and higher yield stresses (96 vs. 259 Pa) compared to pure COK‐12 ones. Monoliths were printed in woodpile structures and calcined at 600°C. Micro‐CT measurements showed a linear shrinkage of 25% after calcination. Mechanical characterization showed increased uniaxial strength (0.20 ± 0.07 to 1.0 ± 0.3 MPa) with increasing binder/solids ratio from 13 to 25%. The amorphous, mesoporous structure of COK‐12 was retained. The structures exhibited open porosities of 52 ± 4% and showed higher specific mesopore volumes, and increased average mesopore size (6 vs. 8 nm) compared to COK‐12. Small‐angle x‐ray scattering analysis revealed an increased lattice parameter (10.3 vs. 11.0 nm) and reduced wall thickness (3.1 nm vs. 4.1 nm) of the COK‐12 in the monoliths. These properties indicate suitability for their application as porous supports and adsorbents.
KW - Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
KW - Additive manufacturing
KW - OMS
KW - Porous materials
KW - Robocasting
KW - X-ray scattering
KW - MOUSE
PY - 2023
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-582503
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/nano.202300109
VL - 4
IS - 11-12
SP - 615
EP - 631
PB - Wiley-VCH GmbH
AN - OPUS4-58250
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Seher, Julia
A1 - Rübner, Katrin
A1 - Müller, Constanze
A1 - Martin, F.
A1 - Pniok, N.
A1 - Dreisow, B.
ED - Döring, I.
ED - Villagran Zaccardi, Y.
ED - Müller, A.
T1 - Lightweight aggregates made from construction and demolition waste - Application in lightweight concrete and mortars
N2 - Heterogeneous construction and demolition waste can be used as raw material to produce lightweight aggregates (LWA) similar to expanded clays. In the joint research project “REALight”, LWA were produced from masonry rubble in a thermal expanding process using a pilot production plant with a rotary kiln. Our research focuses on the characterisation of the novel LWA and their use in different hydraulically bound applications.
Infra-lightweight concrete (ILC) was produced with the novel LWA, which accounts for two thirds of total aggregate volume, and Celitement, which is a hydraulic binder with a low carbon footprint. Its dry bulk density is ≤ 800 kg/m³. Strength and durability properties are comparable to ILC data from the literature.
Lime-based repair mortars (LRM) containing LWA are beneficial for sandstone conservation due to their similar properties regarding porosity, water absorption and strength. A two-layer repair mortar system, which consists of a filling mortar to fill large voids and a covering mortar to modulate the surface texture to the historic sandstone, was developed.
In our contribution, we present results of the LWA characterisation according to the European standard EN 13055:2016. Requirements and challenges of the use of the novel LWA in ILC and LRM are discussed.
T2 - V International Conference Progress of Recycling in the Built Environment
CY - Weimar, Germany
DA - 10.10.2023
KW - CDW recycling
KW - Lightweight aggreagtes
KW - Lightweight concrete
KW - Masonry rubble
KW - Repair mortar
PY - 2023
SN - 978-2-35158-238-1
VL - PRO 137
SP - 85
EP - 92
PB - RILEM Publications S.A.R.L.
CY - Champs-sur-Marne, Frankreich
AN - OPUS4-58991
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - RPRT
A1 - Marzok, Ulrich
A1 - Müller, Ralf
A1 - Krauhausen, M.
A1 - Burgstedt, F.
A1 - Brode, W.
T1 - Hochtemperatur shape screening keramischer Bauteile
N2 - Ziel des Projekts war die Entwicklung eines Laser-Messmoduls, mit dessen Hilfe die Formänderung keramischer Bauteile während des Sinterns erfasst werden kann. Dabei sollten durch eine kontinuierliche und simultane Vermessung der Probenkontur und der Oberflächentemperatur während des Brennprozesses neue Daten zum Sinterverhalten gewonnen werden, die u. a. auch eine FE-Modellierung dieser komplexen Prozesse überprüfen und ergänzen können. Dieses Ziel sollte am Beispiel großformatiger niedrig sinternder keramischer Folien für LTCC-Anwendungen verfolgt werden.
KW - Keramikherstellung
KW - Sintern
KW - Formmessung
KW - Kontur
KW - Lasermesstechnik
PY - 2010
UR - http://edok01.tib.uni-hannover.de/edoks/e01fb12/685831345.pdf
N1 - Schlussbericht (AZ: II D 5 – 25/06) zum Projekt im Rahmen des Programms "Unterstützung kleiner und mittlerer Unternehmen bei der Umsetzung von Innovationen in den Bereichen Messen, Normen, Prüfen und Qualitätssicherung" (MNPQ-Transfer) des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Technologie
SP - 1
EP - 54
PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-28373
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Marzok, Ulrich
A1 - Müller, Ralf
A1 - Schadrack, Reinhard
A1 - Krauhausen, M.
A1 - Burgstedt, F.
A1 - Brode, W.
A1 - Reetz, R.
T1 - High-temperature laser profilometry for ceramic tapes
N2 - Advanced ceramics are promising key components for microsystems
engineering, communication Technology and medical engineering.
Driven by steadiiy increasing demands on dimensional accuracy of
components and Integration density, sintering has to be controlled at
an unprecedented degree of precision.
Being most crucial for components of complex shape, graded or heterogeneous-composed parts like LTCC multilayers for microsystems, precise control of sintering has a decisive influence on the dimensional accuracy, mechanical integrity and reliability of sintered components.
Thus, permanent or temporary shape distortions or warping during sintering may result from spatially heterogeneous microstructure and
temperature distribution, e.g. during the co-firing process of green
multilayer Stacks printed with metallization and other functional pastes.
Whereas permanent warping can be easily measured after sintering, temporary warping during firing is more difficult to measure. Nonetheless, this effect may cause latent failures later, which often limit the applicability of ceramic components.
PY - 2013
SN - 0173-9913
SN - 0196-6219
VL - 90
IS - 4
SP - E35
EP - E40
PB - Göller
CY - Baden-Baden
AN - OPUS4-28500
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Marzok, Ulrich
A1 - Müller, Ralf
A1 - Schadrack, Reinhard
A1 - Krauhausen, M.
A1 - Burgstedt, F.
A1 - Brode, W.
A1 - Reetz, R.
ED - Kriegesmann, J.
T1 - Hochtemperatur-Laserprofilometrie an keramischen Bauteilen
N2 - Es wurde ein Gerät zur In-situ-Kontrolle des Sinterns keramischer Bauteile mit Hilfe der Hochtemperatur-Lasertriangulation aufgebaut. Durch Rotation der Probe und gleichzeitiger Positionierung des Laserabstandssensors erfolgt die dreidimensionale Erfassung der Topografie der Probenoberfläche. Derzeit können flache Proben mit den Maßen < 20 cm x 20 cm x 1 cm bis 1000 °C untersucht werden. Die örtliche Wiederholpräzision des verwendeten Lasersensors beträgt 10 µm bei 20 °C und 15 µm bei 1000 °C. Die lineare Positioniergenauigkeit des Sensors liegt bei 1 µm, die Winkelauflösung der Drehung des Probentellers beträgt 0,0025 °. Daten für ein 3D-Oberflächenprofil werden in etwa 2 bis 3 Minuten erzeugt. Spezielle Linienprofile erhält man bei einer Messzeit von wenigen Sekunden.
N2 - A device was designed for the in situ monitoring of sintering of ceramic components using high-temperature laser triangulation. By simultaneous rotation of the sample and positioning of the laser distance sensor at the same time a three-dimensional detection of the topography of the sample surface could be achieved. Currently, flat samples with dimensions < 20 cm x 20 cm x 1 cm can be examined up to 1000 °C. The local repeatability precision of the laser sensor used is 10 µm at 20 °C and 15 µm at 1000 °C. The linear positioning accuracy of the sensor is 1 µm, the angular resolution of the rotation of the sample plate is 0.0025 °. Data for a 3D surface profile can be obtained in about 2 to 3 minutes. Specific line profiles can be received at a measurement time of a few seconds.
PY - 2013
SN - 978-3-938595-00-8
VL - 135
IS - Kap. 6.3.1.0
PB - HvB-Verlag
CY - Ellerau
AN - OPUS4-28967
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Saathoff, F.
A1 - Müller, Werner
A1 - Witt, K. J.
T1 - Neue Regelungen im Deponiebau
N2 - Die neue Deponieverordnung fordert Zulassungen für Geokunststoffe, die in Deponiedichtungssystemen eingesetzt werden. Diese gesetzliche Vorgabe führt dazu, dass in nationalen Regelwerken und Empfehlungen neue Vorgehensweisen verankert werden müssen. Zulassungsstelle ist die BAM Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung. Zuständig für die entsprechenden GDA Empfehlungen ist die UAG-Ak 5.1-6.1. Der Beitrag zeigt die Neuerungen, aber auch die Ausnahmeregelungen. Auf der Grundlage der Deponieverordnung hat die BAM einen Fachbeirat zusammengerufen, der verschiedene Arbeitsgruppen eingerichtet hat, um Zulassungsrichtlinie für Kunststoffdichtungsbahnen, Schutzschichten, Geotextilien zum Filtern und Trennen sowie Bewehrungsgitter aus Kunststoff zu erarbeiten oder zu aktualisieren. Die Zulassungsanforderungen lehnen sich wiederum eng an GDA- und EAG-Empfehlungen an. In dem Beitrag wird der Stand der Fachdiskussion in den Arbeitsgruppen erläutert.
KW - Deponieverordnung
KW - Geokunststoffe
KW - GDA-Empfehlung
KW - EDA-Empfehlung
KW - BAM-Zulassung
PY - 2011
SN - 0172-6145
SN - 1865-7362
SN - 2190-6653
IS - Sonderheft 2011
SP - 53
EP - 57
PB - VGE Verl. GmbH
CY - Essen
AN - OPUS4-24273
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Saathoff, F.
A1 - Cantré, S.
A1 - Müller, Werner
ED - Ziegler, M.
ED - Bräu, G.
ED - Heerten, G.
ED - Laackmann, K.
T1 - Modified filtration criteria for non-woven geotextiles in landfill construction
N2 - The German landfill ordinance includes a certification requirement for geosynthetics used in landfill liner and capping systems. The certification guidelines describe the basis for the design of geosynthetics used in landfill construction. According to the rules which are usually applied, the thickness of the filter geotextile has to be at least 30 times the characteristic opening size O90. Filter geotextiles which are often used in geocomposite drains have a mass per area of 200 g/m² and do not fulfill this requirement.
In this paper modified filter criteria for geosynthetics are presented with a particular focus on These geotextile filters in geocomposite drains.
T2 - 10th International conference on geosynthetics
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 21.09.2014
KW - Filtration criteria
KW - Drainage
KW - Geotextile
KW - Non-woven
KW - Landfill
KW - Certification guidelines
PY - 2014
SN - 978-3-9813953-9-6
SP - 1
EP - 7
AN - OPUS4-31578
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Wang, Y.
A1 - Ulbricht, Alexander
A1 - Schmidt, F.
A1 - Müller, Bernd R.
A1 - Kupsch, Andreas
A1 - Schwitalla, A.D.
T1 - Micro-CT analysis and mechanical properties of low dimensional CFR-PEEK specimens additively manufactured by material extrusion
N2 - Material extrusion of thermoplastic polymers enables the realization of complex specific designs with high performance composites. The present study aims at evaluating the mechanical properties of carbon fiberreinforced semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer polyether ether ketone (CFR-PEEK) manufactured by material extrusion and correlating them with results obtained by micro-CT. Samples in the shape of small bars were provided by Kumovis (Munich, Germany). The determination of surface roughness and density was followed by three-point bending tests. To reveal the pore distribution as well as the fusion quality of CFR PEEK when applied with external forces, micro-CT scans were performed with an X-ray microscope before and after the mechanical test to localize the sites where the fracture is generated. The density of CFR-PEEK bars indicated that they had superior mechanical properties compared with our previous study on unfilled 3D printed PEEK (bending modulus: (5.4 ± 0.5) GPa vs. (1.05 ± 0.05) GPa to (1.48 ± 0.10) GPa; bending strength: (167 ± 11) MPa vs. (51 ± 15) to (193 ± 7) MPa). Micro-CT analyses revealed the local 3D-distribution of voids. Voids of 30 μm diameter are nearly spherical and make up the main part of the total porosity. The larger the voids, the more they deviate from a spherical shape. Significant lack-of-fusion voids are located between the deposited filaments. By growing and merging, they act as seeds for the forming fracture line in the region of the flexural specimens where the maximum local tensile stresses occurred under bending load. Our work provides a detailed analysis of printed PEEK with fiber additive and relates this with mechanical properties.
KW - CFR-PEEK
KW - Material extrusion (MEX)
KW - FFF
KW - Surface topography
KW - Bending property
KW - Micro-CT
PY - 2023
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106085
SN - 1751-6161
VL - 146
SP - 1
EP - 9
PB - Elsevier Ltd.
AN - OPUS4-58112
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Müller, Bernd R.
A1 - Lange, Axel
A1 - Harwardt, Marco
A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P.
A1 - Illerhaus, Bernhard
A1 - Goebbels, Jürgen
A1 - Bamberg, J.
A1 - Heutling, F.
ED - Danny Van Hemelrijck,
ED - Igor Solodov,
ED - Anastasopoulos, Athanasios
ED - Gerhard Busse,
T1 - Synchrotron-Refraction-Computed-Tomography for NDT and characterisation of lightweight composite materials
T2 - 4th International Conference of Emerging Technologies in Non-Destructive Testing (ETNDT 4)
CY - Stuttgart, Germany
DA - 2007-04-02
KW - Refraction
KW - Computed Tomography
KW - NDE
KW - Ti-MMC
PY - 2008
SN - 978-0-415-46476-5
SP - 217
EP - 221
PB - Taylor & Francis
CY - London, UK
AN - OPUS4-18680
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Müller, Bernd R.
A1 - Lange, Axel
A1 - Harwardt, Michael
A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P.
A1 - Illerhaus, Bernhard
A1 - Goebbels, Jürgen
A1 - Bamberg, J.
A1 - Heutling, F.
T1 - Micro Crack Characterization of Metal Matrix Composites by 3D-Refraction-Computed-Tomography
T2 - 16th World Conference on Nondestructive Testing
CY - Montreal, Canada
DA - 2004-08-30
KW - NDE
KW - X-ray refraction
KW - Composites
KW - MMC
PY - 2004
SP - 9 pages
PB - International Committee for Non-Destructive Testing
CY - Montreal
AN - OPUS4-5486
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Müller, Bernd R.
A1 - Lange, Axel
A1 - Harwardt, Michael
A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P.
A1 - Illerhaus, Bernhard
A1 - Goebbels, Jürgen
A1 - Bamberg, J.
A1 - Heutling, F.
T1 - X-Ray Refraction Topography and Computed Tomography for NDE of Lightweight Materials
T2 - 9th European Conference on NDT
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 2006-09-25
KW - Synchrotron Refraction CT
KW - MMC
KW - Bragg-Magnification
PY - 2006
SN - 3-931381-86-2
SP - 1(?)
EP - 9(?)
PB - European Federation for Non-Destructive Testing
CY - Berlin
AN - OPUS4-13703
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Müller, Bernd R.
A1 - Lange, Axel
A1 - Harwardt, Michael
A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P.
A1 - Illerhaus, Bernhard
A1 - Goebbels, Jürgen
A1 - Bamberg, J.
A1 - Heutling, F.
T1 - Refraction computed tomography - Application to metal matrix composites
N2 - Erstmals wurden MMCs mit Hilfe der Interface-Kontrast verstärkenden Röntgen-Refraktions-Technik in Kombination mit der 3D-CT-Technik untersucht. Die Methode der Röntgen-Refraktions-Topography sowie der Röntgen-Refraktions-Tomography wurden in den letzten Jahren speziell für die zerstörungsfreie Charakterisierung von Leichtbau-Hochleistungs-Werkstoffen wie Verbund-Werkstoffen und Keramiken entwickelt. Die Technik basiert auf der Refraktion von Röntgenlicht an Grenzflächen zwischen Bereichen unterschiedlicher Elektronendichte wie z.B. Faser- und Matrix-Werkstoff. Auf Grund der kurzen Röntgen-Wellenlänge hat der Brechungsindex einen Wert dicht bei eins, sodass der Streuwinkel nur wenige Bogenminuten beträgt. Der Vorteil der kurzen Wellenlänge besteht jedoch darin, dass Poren und Risse detektiert werden können, deren Größe im Nanometerbereich liegen. Damit kann die Refraktions-Technik zum besseren Verständnis von Mikro- und Submikro-Strukturen in der Materialwissenschaft eingesetzt werden. Mit der hier vorgestellten Refraktions-CT wurden Ermüdungsmechanismen an MMCs, bestehend aus SiC-Faser verstärktem Titan (Ti6242) untersucht. Die Messungen wurden am Röntgen-Messplatz der BAM (BAMline) am Synchrotron-Speicherring-BESSY in Berlin Adlershof durchgeführt.
KW - X-ray refraction
KW - Computed tomography
PY - 2004
DO - https://doi.org/10.3139/120.100592
SN - 0025-5300
VL - 46
IS - 6
SP - 314
EP - 319
PB - Carl Hanser Verlag
CY - München
AN - OPUS4-5870
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - de Andrade Silva, F.
A1 - Williams, J. J.
A1 - Müller, Bernd R.
A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P.
A1 - Portella, Pedro Dolabella
A1 - Chawla, N.
T1 - Three-dimensional microstructure visualization of porosity and Fe-rich inclusions in SiC particle-reinforced Al alloy matrix composites by X-ray synchrotron tomography
N2 - Microstructural aspects of composites such as reinforcement particle size, shape, and distribution play important roles in deformation behavior. In addition, Fe-rich inclusions and porosity also influence the behavior of these composites, particularly under fatigue loading. Three-dimensional (3-D) visualization of porosity and Fe-rich inclusions in three dimensions is critical to a thorough understanding of fatigue resistance of metal matrix composites (MMCs), because cracks often initiate at these defects. In this article, we have used X-ray synchrotron tomography to visualize and quantify the morphology and size distribution of pores and Fe-rich inclusions in a SiC particle-reinforced 2080 Al alloy composite. The 3-D data sets were also used to predict and understand the influence of defects on the deformation behavior by 3-D finite element modeling.
KW - Synchrotron radiation
KW - X-ray tomography
KW - X-ray refraction
KW - Analyser based imaging
KW - Metal matrix composite (MMC)
KW - Fatigue
PY - 2010
DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-010-0260-0
SN - 1073-5623
SN - 1543-1940
VL - 41
IS - 8
SP - 2121
EP - 2128
PB - The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society
CY - Warrendale
AN - OPUS4-21629
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Müller, Bernd R.
A1 - Lange, Axel
A1 - Harwardt, Michael
A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P.
A1 - Illerhaus, Bernhard
A1 - Goebbels, Jürgen
A1 - Bamberg, J.
A1 - Heutling, F.
T1 - 3D Refraction Computed Tomography Applied to Metal Matrix Composites
N2 - For the first time Metal Matrix Composites (MMC) have been investigated by 3D Computed Tomography combined with enhanced interface contrast due to X-ray refraction. X-ray refraction is a relatively new approach for the characterization of advanced materials. The related techniques of Refraction Topography and Refraction Computed Tomography have been developed and applied at our laboratory during the last decade to meet the actual demand for improved nondestructive characterization of high performance composites, ceramics and other low density materials and components. X-ray refraction occurs, when X-rays crosses interfaces of spherical or cylindrical shape (e.g. pores or fibres) in the same way as visible light is refracted by lenses. These X-ray optical effects can be observed at small scattering angles of few minutes of arc as the refractive index n of X-rays is nearly unity (n = 1 10-6). Due to the short X-ray wavelength of about 0.1 nm the technique determines the amount of inner surfaces and interfaces of nanometer dimensions. The technique is expected to solve many problems in understanding the meaning of micro and sub micro structures in materials science. With the results of the CT investigation, some questions could be clarified for a better understanding of fatigue failure mechanisms under cyclic loading conditions. The specimens for the test programme have been provided by MTU Aero Engines. They consist of a titanium matrix (Ti6242) reinforced by SiC fibres (SCS6). The investigations have been performed at the materials research station of BAM (BAMline) at the Synchrotron Facility BESSY in Berlin, Germany.
T2 - 35th International SAMPE technical conference
CY - Dayton, OH, USA
DA - 2003-09-28
KW - Non-Destructive Inspection (NDI)
KW - Characterization
KW - Titanium Metal Matrix Composites (Ti-MMC)
KW - Ti6242
KW - SCS6
PY - 2003
SN - 0-938994-95-6
PB - SAMPE
CY - Covina, Calif.
AN - OPUS4-2780
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bauer, L.J.
A1 - Wieder, Frank
A1 - Truong, V.
A1 - Förste, F.
A1 - Wagener, Y.
A1 - Jonas, A.
A1 - Praetz, S:
A1 - Schlesiger, C.
A1 - Kupsch, Andreas
A1 - Müller, Bernd R.
A1 - Kanngießer, B.
A1 - Zaslansky, P.
A1 - Mantouvalou, I.
T1 - Absorption Correction for 3D Elemental Distributions of Dental Composite Materials Using Laboratory Confocal Micro-X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy
N2 - Confocal micro-X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) spectroscopy facilitates three-dimensional (3D) elemental imaging of heterogeneous samples in the micrometer range. Laboratory setups using X-ray tube excitation render the method accessible for diverse research fields but interpretation of results and quantification remain challenging. The attenuation of X-rays in composites depends on the photon energy as well as on the composition and density of the material. For confocal micro-XRF, attenuation severely impacts elemental distribution information, as the signal from deeper layers is distorted by superficial layers. Absorption correction and quantification of fluorescence measurements in heterogeneous composite samples have so far not been reported. Here, an absorption correction approach for confocal micro-XRF combining density information from microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) data with laboratory X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and synchrotron transmission measurements is presented. The energy dependency of the probing volume is considered during the correction. The methodology is demonstrated on a model composite sample consisting of a bovine tooth with a clinically used restoration material.
KW - Micro X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy
KW - Dental composite materials
KW - Computed tomography
KW - Absorption correction
PY - 2024
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-601630
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00116
SN - 0003-2700
SN - 1520-6882
VL - 96
IS - 21
SP - 8441
EP - 8449
PB - American Chemical Society Publications
CY - Washington, DC
AN - OPUS4-60163
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Nirmalananthan-Budau, Nithiya
A1 - Behnke, Thomas
A1 - Hoffmann, Katrin
A1 - Kage, Daniel
A1 - Gers-Panther, Charlotte F.
A1 - Frank, Walter
A1 - Müller, Thomas J. J.
A1 - Resch-Genger, Ute
T1 - Crystallization and Aggregation-Induced Emission in a Series of Pyrrolidinylvinylquinoxaline Derivatives
N2 - Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) has been meanwhile observed for many dye classes and particularly for fluorophores containing propeller-like groups. Herein, we report on the AIE characteristics of a series of four hydrophobic pyrrolidinylvinylquinoxaline (PVQ) derivatives with phenyl, pyrrolyl, indolyl, and methoxythienyl substituents used to systematically vary the torsion angle between this substituent at the quinoxaline C2 position and the planar PVQ moiety. These molecules, which are accessible via four- or five-component one-pot syntheses, were spectroscopically studied in organic solvents and solvent−water mixtures, as dye aggregates, solids, and entrapped in polystyrene particles (PSP). Steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence measurements revealed a strong fluorescence enhancement for all dyes in ethanol−water mixtures of high water content, accompanying the formation of dye aggregates with sizes of a few hundred nm, overcoming polarity and H-bonding-induced fluorescence quenching of the chargetransfer-type emission of these PVQ dyes. The size and shape of these dye aggregates and the size of the AIE effect are controlled by the water content and the substituent-dependent torsion angle that influences the nucleation process and the packing of the molecules during aggregation. Staining of 1 μm-sized carboxy-functionalized PSP with the PVQ dyes resulted also in a considerable increase in the fluorescence quantum yield and lifetime, reflecting the combined influence of the restricted molecular motion and the reduced polarity of the dye microenvironment.
KW - Spectroscopy
KW - AIE
KW - Aggregates
KW - Nanoparticle
PY - 2018
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b01425
SN - 1932-7447
N1 - Geburtsname von Nirmalananthan-Budau, Nithiya: Nirmalananthan, N. - Birth name of Nirmalananthan-Budau, Nithiya: Nirmalananthan, N.
VL - 122
IS - 20
SP - 11119
EP - 11127
PB - ACS Publications
AN - OPUS4-45176
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Fedelich, Bernard
A1 - Affeldt, E. E.
A1 - Harders, H.
A1 - Marchal, N.
A1 - Müller, F.
A1 - Onofrio, G.
A1 - Remy, L.
A1 - Toulios, M.
ED - Jaroslav Pokluda,
ED - Petr Lukás,
ED - Pavel Sandera,
ED - Ivo Dlouhý,
T1 - Experimental characterization of high temperature fatigue crack growth in a single crystal superalloy for gas turbine applications
T2 - 17th European Conference on Fracture (ECF17) - Multilevel Approach to Fracture of Materials, Components and Structures
CY - Brno, Czech Republic
DA - 2008-09-02
KW - Single Crystal Superalloy
KW - LCF
KW - Crack Growth
KW - Creep-Fatigue
KW - Oxidation
PY - 2008
SN - 978-80-214-3692-3
SP - 1336
EP - 1343
PB - VUTIUM Brno
AN - OPUS4-18268
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Herzel, Hannes
A1 - Dombinov, V.
A1 - Vogel, Christian
A1 - Willbold, S.
A1 - Levandowski, G. V.
A1 - Meiller, M.
A1 - Müller, F.
A1 - Zang, J. W.
A1 - da Fonseca-Zang, W. A.
A1 - Jablonowski, N. D.
A1 - Schrey, S. D.
A1 - Adam, Christian
T1 - Soybean Fertilized by P-Phases from Bagasse-Based Materials: P-Extraction Procedures, Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films (DGT), and X-ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD)
N2 - The Brazilian sugarcane industry produced around 173 million tons (Mt) of bagasse in 2018. Bagasse is a by-product of juice extraction for ethanol and sugar production and is combusted in order to generate power, producing up to 10 Mt of ash per year. This ash contains various concentrations of plant nutrients, which allow the ash to be used as a crop fertilizer. However, the concentration and extractability of phosphorus (P), an essential plant nutrient, are low in bagasse ash. To increase the P content, we co-gasified and co-combusted bagasse with P-rich chicken manure. The resulting ash was thermochemically post-treated with alkali additives (Na2SO4 and K2SO4) to increase the availability of P to plants. We aimed to: (i) investigate the effect of thermochemical post-treatment of co-gasification residue and co-combustion ash on P availability to soybeans, (ii) explore the potential of chemical extraction methods (citric acid, neutral ammonium citrate, formic acid, and Mehlich-I) and diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) to predict the availability of P to soybeans, and (iii) identify the responsible P-phases using X-ray diffraction . We evaluated P availability to soybeans growing in Brazilian Oxisol soil in two independent greenhouse pot experiments. The positive effect of thermochemical treatment on P availability from gasification residue was confirmed through the observation of increased P uptake and biomass in soybean plants. These findings were confirmed by chemical extraction methods and DGT. The gasification residue contained whitlockite as its main P-bearing phase. Thermochemical post-treatment converted whitlockite into highly soluble CaNaPO4. In contrast, co-combustion ash already contained highly soluble Ca(Na,K)PO4 as its main P-bearing phase, making thermochemical post-treatment unnecessary for increasing P availability. In conclusion, increased extractability and availability of P for soybeans were closely connected to the formation of calcium alkali phosphate. Our findings indicate that this combined methodology allows for the prediction of P-fertilization effects of ash.
KW - Sugar cane bagasse
KW - Chicken manure ash
KW - Thermochemical treatment
KW - Nutrient
KW - Plant availability
PY - 2020
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-509735
DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10060895
VL - 10
SP - 895
EP - 6
PB - MDPI
AN - OPUS4-50973
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Miccoli, Lorenzo
A1 - Müller, U.
A1 - Silva, B.
A1 - Da Porto, F.
A1 - Hracov, S.
A1 - Pospisil, S.
A1 - Adami, C.-E.
A1 - Vintzileou, E.
A1 - Vasconcelos, G.
A1 - Poletti, E.
ED - Jasienko, J.
T1 - Overview of different strengthening techniques applied on walls used in historical structures
N2 - Different types of vertical elements, such as masonry, massive walls and timber frame elements, exhibit a different response exposed to the same loading scenario, in particular when it concerns dynamic loading. It is therefore paramount to investigate the principal response of different types of construction with different materials under a variety of loading scenarios. From there, the design of strengthening techniques against earthquakes can be performed. This paper presents the results from experiments, where various retrofitting techniques were tested. The goals were to define and improve laboratory procedures for evaluating the intervention technologies and specifications for laboratory specimens. From this base tests to characterise the experimental behaviour of original and strengthened masonry walls were performed, in order to obtain information on the system performance and the main constitutive laws relevant for modelling. The test campaigns were focused on static tests as well as cyclic tests of unreinforced and reinforced vertical building elements. The study is part of our work in the framework of the ongoing project NIKER funded by the European Commission dealing with improving immovable Cultural Heritage assets against the risk of earthquakes.
T2 - SAHC 2012 - 8th International conference on structural analysis of historical constructions
CY - Wroclaw, Poland
DA - 15.10.2012
KW - Stone masonry
KW - Brick masonry
KW - Earthen materials
KW - Half timbered walls
KW - Grouting
PY - 2012
SN - 978-83-7125-216-7
SN - 0860-2395
VL - 3
SP - 2870
EP - 2878
PB - DWE
CY - Wroclaw, Poland
AN - OPUS4-27275
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Dombinov, V.
A1 - Herzel, Hannes
A1 - Meiller, M.
A1 - Müller, F.
A1 - Willbold, S.
A1 - Zang, J. W.
A1 - da Fonseca-Zang, W. A.
A1 - Adam, Christian
A1 - Klose, H.
A1 - Poorter, H.
A1 - Jablonowski, N. D.
A1 - Schrey, S. D.
T1 - Sugarcane bagasse ash as fertilizer for soybeans: Effects of added residues on ash composition, mineralogy, phosphorus extractability and plant availability
N2 - Sugarcane bagasse is commonly combusted to generate energy. Unfortunately, recycling strategies rarely consider the resulting ash as a potential fertilizer. To evaluate this recycling strategy for a sustainable circular economy, we characterized bagasse ash as a fertilizer and measured the effects of co-gasification and co-combustion of bagasse with either chicken manure or sewage sludge: on the phosphorus (P) mass fraction, P-extractability, and mineral P phases. Furthermore, we investigated the ashes as fertilizer for soybeans under greenhouse conditions. All methods in combination are reliable indicators helping to assess and predict P availability from ashes to soybeans. The fertilizer efficiency of pure bagasse ash increased with the ash amount supplied to the substrate. Nevertheless, it was not as effective as fertilization with triple-superphosphate and K2SO4, which we attributed to lower P availability. Co-gasification and co-combustion increased the P mass fraction in all bagasse-based ashes, but its extractability and availability to soybeans increased only when co-processed with chicken manure, because it enabled the formation of readily available Ca-alkali phosphates. Therefore, we recommend co-combusting biomass with alkali-rich residues to increase the availability of P from the ash to plants.
KW - Combustion and gasification
KW - Phosphate extractability and availability
KW - X-ray diffraction (XRD)
PY - 2022
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-567632
DO - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1041924
SN - 1664-462X
VL - 13
SP - 1
EP - 13
PB - Frontiers Media
CY - Lausanne
AN - OPUS4-56763
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Brandt, S.
A1 - Müller, B.
A1 - de Lima Vasconcelos, S.
A1 - Plehn, W.
A1 - Brozowski, F.
A1 - Horn, Wolfgang
A1 - Sattler, M.
T1 - Präzisierung der Geruchsprüfung für Bauprodukte nach DIN ISO 16000-28 – Untersuchung von Vergleichsmaßstäben
N2 - Bauprodukte, die in Innenräumen verwendet werden, sollten die Gesundheit und das Wohlbefinden der Personen die sich darin aufhalten nicht durch das Ausdünsten von Geruchsstoffen stören. Die DIN ISO 16000-28 „Bestimmung der Geruchsstoffemissionen aus Bauprodukten mit einer Emissionsprüfkammer“ (DIN ISO 16000-28) beschreibt umfassend die Möglichkeiten der Geruchsprüfung. In Verbindung mit der Anwendung der VDI-Richtlinie 4302 Blatt 1 „Geruchsprüfung von Innenraumluft und Emissionen aus Innenraummaterialien“ (VDI 4302 Blatt 1) ist sie zur Bewertung der empfundenen Intensität von Bauprodukten mit Vergleichsmaßstab geeignet (Umweltbundesamt 2015). In einem vom Umweltbundesamt (UBA) geförderten Forschungsprojekt der Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Berlin (HTW Berlin) und der Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und –prüfung (BAM) wurden erstmals verschiedene Vergleichsmaßstäbe miteinander verglichen. Ziel des derzeitigen Folgeprojektes ist nun, Mindestanforderungen an Vergleichsmaßstäbe zu erarbeiten, welche die Reproduzierbarkeit der Ergebnisse erhöhen und mit denen die Norm konkretisiert werden kann. Dieser Beitrag stellt die Untersuchungen und Ergebnisse des ersten Projektes und die Schlussfolgerungen für die Durchführung des zweiten Projektes dar.
T2 - 12. Fachkongress der Arbeitsgemeinschaft ökologischer Forschungsinstiute (AGÖF)
CY - Hallstadt (Bamberg), Germany
DA - 17.10.2019
KW - Geruch
KW - Emission
KW - Bauprodukte
KW - VOC
KW - Emissionskammer
PY - 2019
SN - 978-3-930576-11-1
VL - 12. Fachkongress
SP - 214
EP - 223
PB - Arbeitsgemeinschaft ökologischer Forschungsinstiute (AGÖF) e. V.
CY - Springe-Eldagsen
AN - OPUS4-49702
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Mielke, Johannes
A1 - Babick, F.
A1 - Uusimäki, T.
A1 - Müller, P.
A1 - Verleysen, E.
A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan
T1 - Evaluation of electron microscopy techniques for the purpose of classification of nanomaterials
N2 - Electron microscopy techniques such as TEM, STEM, SEM or TSEM (transmission in SEM) are capable of assessing the size of individual nanoparticles accurately. Nevertheless, the challenging aspect is sample preparation from powder or liquid form on the substrate, so that a
homogeneous distribution of well-separated (deagglomerated) particles is attained. The systematic study in this work shows examples where the extraction of the critical, smallest particle dimension - as the decisive particle parameter for the classification as a NM - is possible by analysing the sample after ist simple, dry preparation. The consequences of additional typical issues like loss of information due to screening of smaller particles by larger ones or the (in)ability to access the constituent particles in aggregates are discussed.
KW - Nanomaterial
KW - Electron microscopy
KW - Particle size distribution
KW - Classification
PY - 2016
UR - https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/microscopy-and-microanalysis/article/evaluation-of-electron-microscopy-techniques-for-the-purpose-of-classification-of-nanomaterials/0B66A25EA7F7A5A3622C02A359C8304F
DO - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927616005523
SN - 1431-9276
SN - 1435-8115
VL - 22
IS - Suppl. 3
SP - 936
EP - 937
PB - Cambridge
AN - OPUS4-38445
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Laquai, René
A1 - Gouraud, F.
A1 - Müller, Bernd R.
A1 - Huger, M.
A1 - Chotard, T.
A1 - Antou, G.
A1 - Bruno, Giovanni
T1 - Evolution of Thermal Microcracking in Refractory ZrO2-SiO2 after Application of External Loads at High Temperatures
N2 - Zirconia-based cast refractories are widely used for glass furnace applications. Since they have to withstand harsh chemical as well as thermo-mechanical environments, internal stresses and microcracking are often present in such materials under operating conditions (sometimes in excess of 1700 °C). We studied the evolution of thermal (CTE) and mechanical (Young’s modulus) properties as a function of temperature in a fused-cast refractory containing 94 wt.% of monoclinic ZrO2 and 6 wt.% of a silicate glassy phase. With the aid of X-ray refraction techniques (yielding the internal specific surface in materials), we also monitored the evolution of microcracking as a function of thermal cycles (crossing the martensitic phase transformation around 1000 °C) under externally applied stress. We found that external compressive stress leads to a strong decrease of the internal surface per unit volume, but a tensile load has a similar (though not so strong) effect. In agreement with existing literature on -eucryptite microcracked ceramics, we could explain These phenomena by microcrack closure in the load direction in the compression case, and by microcrack propagation (rather than microcrack nucleation) under tensile conditions.
KW - Electro-fused zirconia
KW - Microcracking
KW - Synchrotron x-ray refraction radiography (SXRR)
KW - Thermal expansion
PY - 2019
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-477431
DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12071017
VL - 12
IS - 7
SP - 1
EP - 15
PB - MDPI
AN - OPUS4-47743
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Faghani, A.
A1 - Gholami, M. F.
A1 - Trunk, M.
A1 - Müller, J.
A1 - Pachfule, P.
A1 - Vogl, S.
A1 - Donskyi, Ievgen
A1 - Li, M.
A1 - Nickl, Philip
A1 - Shao, J.
A1 - Huang, M. R. S.
A1 - Unger, Wolfgang
A1 - Arenal, R.
A1 - Koch, C. T.
A1 - Paulus, B.
A1 - Rabe, J. P.
A1 - Thomas, A.
A1 - Haag, R.
A1 - Adeli, M.
T1 - Metal-Assisted and Solvent-Mediated Synthesis of Two-Dimensional Triazine Structures on Gram Scale
N2 - Covalent triazine frameworks are an emerging material class that have shown promising performance for a range of applications. In this work, we report on a metal-assisted and solvent-mediated reaction between calcium carbide and cyanuric chloride, as cheap and commercially available precursors, to synthesize two-dimensional triazine structures (2DTSs). The reaction between the solvent, dimethylformamide, and cyanuric chloride was promoted by calcium carbide and resulted in dimethylamino-s-triazine intermediates, which in turn undergo nucleophilic substitutions. This reaction was directed into two dimensions by calcium ions derived from calcium carbide and induced the formation of 2DTSs. The role of calcium ions to direct the two-dimensionality of the final structure was simulated using DFT and further proven by synthesizing molecular intermediates. The water content of the reaction medium was found to be a crucial factor that affected the structure of the products dramatically. While 2DTSs were obtained under anhydrous conditions, a mixture of graphitic material/2DTSs or only graphitic material (GM) was obtained in aqueous solutions. Due to the straightforward and gram-scale synthesis of 2DTSs, as well as their photothermal and photodynamic properties, they are promising materials for a wide range of future applications, including bacteria and virus incapacitation.
KW - XPS
KW - Triazine
KW - 2D
PY - 2020
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.0c02399
VL - 142
IS - 30
SP - 12976
EP - 12986
PB - ACS American Chemical Society
AN - OPUS4-51203
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Brüngel, R.
A1 - Rückert, J.
A1 - Müller, P.
A1 - Babick, F.
A1 - Friedrich, C. M.
A1 - Ghanem, A.
A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan
A1 - Mech, A.
A1 - Weigel, S.
A1 - Wohlleben, W.
A1 - Rauscher, H.
T1 - NanoDefiner Framework and e-Tool Revisited According to the European Commission’s Nanomaterial Definition 2022/C 229/01
N2 - The new recommended definition of a nanomaterial, 2022/C 229/01, adopted by the European Commission in 2022, will have a considerable impact on European Union legislation addressing chemicals, and therefore tools to implement this new definition are urgently needed. The updated NanoDefiner framework and its e-tool implementation presented here are such instruments, which help stakeholders to find out in a straightforward way whether a material is a nanomaterial or not. They are two major outcomes of the NanoDefine project, which is explicitly referred to in the new definition. This work revisits the framework and e-tool, and elaborates necessary adjustments to make these outcomes applicable for the updated recommendation. A broad set of case studies on representative materials confirms the validity of these adjustments. To further foster the sustainability and applicability of the framework and e-tool, measures for the FAIRification of expert knowledge within the e-tool’s knowledge base are elaborated as well. The updated framework and e-tool are now ready to be used in line with the updated recommendation. The presented approach may serve as an example for reviewing existing guidance and tools developed for the previous definition 2011/696/EU, particularly those adopting NanoDefine project outcomes.
KW - Nanomaterial definition
KW - Nanomaterial categorisation
KW - Nanomaterial regulation
KW - Nanomaterial legislation
KW - Decision support
KW - FAIRification
PY - 2023
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-571618
DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13060990
SN - 2079-4991
VL - 13
IS - 6 - Special Issue "Identification and Quantification of Nanomaterials"
SP - 1
EP - 16
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel, CH
AN - OPUS4-57161
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Trajkovski, B.
A1 - Jaunich, Matthias
A1 - Müller, W.
A1 - Beuer, F.
A1 - Zafiropoulos, G.
A1 - Houshmand, A.
ED - Eppel, S.J.
T1 - Hydrophilicity, viscoelastic, and physicochemical properties variations in dental bone grafting substitutes
N2 - The indication-oriented Dental Bone Graft Substitutes (DBGS) selection, the correct bone defects classification, and appropriate treatment planning are very crucial for obtaining successful clinical results. However, hydrophilic, viscoelastic, and physicochemical properties’ influence on the DBGS regenerative potential has poorly been studied. For that reason, we investigated the dimensional changes and molecular mobility by Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) of xenograft (cerabone®), synthetic (maxresorb®), and allograft (maxgraft®, Puros®) blocks in a wet and dry state. While no significant differences could be seen in dry state, cerabone® and maxresorb® blocks showed a slight height decrease in wet state, whereas both maxgraft® and Puros® had an almost identical height increase. In addition, cerabone® and maxresorb® blocks remained highly rigid and their damping behaviour was not influenced by the water. On the other hand, both maxgraft® and Puros® had a strong increase in their molecular mobility with different damping behaviour profiles during the wet state. A high-speed microscopical imaging system was used to analyze the hydrophilicity in several naturally derived (cerabone®, Bio-Oss®, NuOss®, SIC® nature graft) and synthetic DBGS granules (maxresorb®, BoneCeramic®, NanoBone®, Ceros®). The highest level of hydrophilicity was detected in cerabone® and maxresorb®, while Bio-Oss® and BoneCeramic® had the lowest level of hydrophilicity among both naturally derived and synthetic DBGS groups. Deviations among the DBGS were also addressed via physicochemical differences recorded by Micro Computed Tomography, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray powder Diffractometry, and Thermogravimetric Analysis. Such DBGS variations could influence the volume stability at the grafting site, handling as well as the speed of vascularization and bone regeneration. Therefore, this study initiates a new insight into the DBGS differences and their importance for successful clinical results.
KW - Biomaterials
KW - Bone grafting
KW - Bone substitutes
KW - Hydrophilicity
KW - Mechanical analysis
PY - 2018
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-439890
DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11020215
SN - 1996-1944
VL - 11
IS - 2
SP - Article 215, 1
EP - 19
PB - MDPI AG
CY - Basel, Switzerland
AN - OPUS4-43989
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Léonard, F.
A1 - Lange, A.
A1 - Kupsch, Andreas
A1 - Müller, Bernd R.
A1 - Bruno, Giovanni
T1 - On the Morphological and Crystallographic Anisotropy of Diesel Particulate Filter Materials
N2 - The determination of the anisotropy of materials’ microstructure and morphology (pore space) in diesel particulate filter (DPF) materials is an important problem to solve, since such anisotropy determines the mechanical, thermal, and filtration properties of such materials. Through the use of a dedicated (and simple) segmentation algorithm, it is shown how to exploit the information yielded by 3D X-ray computed tomography data to quantify the morphological anisotropy. It is also correlated that such anisotropy of the pore space Such anisotropy of the pore space is also correlated with the microstructure and crystallographic anisotropy of the material in several showcases: a microstructurally isotropic material, such as SiC, and some morphologically and microstructurally anisotropic cordierite materials. In the later case, the finer the grain size, the more isotropic the microstructure.
KW - Diesel Particulate Filter Materials
PY - 2021
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-540705
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202101380
VL - 24
IS - 2101380
SP - 1
EP - 12
PB - Wiley VCH GmbH
CY - Weinheim
AN - OPUS4-54070
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Tötzke, C.
A1 - Gaiselmann, G.
A1 - Osenberg, M.
A1 - Bohner, J.
A1 - Arlt, Tobias
A1 - Markötter, Henning
A1 - Hilger, A.
A1 - Wieder, F.
A1 - Kupsch, Andreas
A1 - Müller, Bernd R.
A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P.
A1 - Banhart, J.
A1 - Schmidt, V.
A1 - Lehnert, W.
A1 - Manke, I.
T1 - Three-dimensional study of compressed gas diffusion layers using synchrotron X-ray imaging
N2 - We present a synchrotron X-ray tomographic study on the morphology of carbon fiber-based gas diffusion layer (GDL) material under compression. A dedicated compression device is used to provide well-defined compression conditions. A flat compression punch is employed to study the fiber geometry at different degrees of compression. Transport relevant geometrical parameters such as porosity, pore size and tortuosity distributions are calculated. The geometric properties notably change upon compression which has direct impact on transport conditions for gas and fluid flow. The availability of broad 3D paths, which are most important for the transport of liquid water from the catalyst layer through the GDL, is markedly reduced after compression. In a second experiment, we study the influence of the channel-land-pattern of the flow-field on shape and microstructure of the GDL. A flow-field compression punch is employed to reproduce the inhomogeneous compression conditions found during fuel cell assembly. While homogenously compressed underneath the land the GDL is much less and inhomogeneously compressed under the channel. The GDL material extends far into the channel volume where it can considerably influence gas and fluid flow. Loose fiber endings penetrate deeply into the channel and form obstacles for the discharge of liquid water droplets.
KW - Synchrotron X-ray tomography
KW - Gas diffusion layer (GDL)
KW - Microstructure
KW - Water transport path
KW - Pore size analysis
KW - Geometrical tortuosity
PY - 2014
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.12.062
SN - 0378-7753
VL - 253
SP - 123
EP - 131
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam [u.a.]
AN - OPUS4-29979
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Mielke, Johannes
A1 - Babick, F.
A1 - Uusimäki, T.
A1 - Müller, P.
A1 - Verleysen, E.
A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan
T1 - Evaluation of electron microscopy techniques for the purpose of classification of nanomaterials
N2 - One current and much-debated topic in the characterization of nanomaterials (NM) is the implementation of the recently introduced recommendation on a definition of a nanomaterial by the European Commission.
All currently available sizing techniques able to address nanoparticles were systematically evaluated. It was demonstrated that particle sizing techniques like: analytical centrifugation, particle tracking analysis, single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry, differential electrical mobility analysis, dynamic light scattering, small angle X-ray scattering, ultrasonic attenuation spectrometry, but also gas Adsorption analysis based on the BET-method can be applied for a screening classification. However, the quality of the results depends on the individual material to be classified. For well-dispersed, nearly spherical (nano)particles most of the sizing techniques can be applied in a quick and reliable way. In contrast, the classification of most real-world materials is a challenging task, mainly due to non-spherical particle shape, large polydispersity or strong agglomeration/ aggregation of the particles. In the present study it was shown that these issues can be resolved in most cases by electron microscopy as a confirmatory classification technique.
Electron microscopy techniques such as TEM, STEM, SEM or TSEM transmission in SEM) are capable of assessing the size of individual nanoparticles accurately (see Figures 1 and 2). Nevertheless the challenging aspect is sample preparation from powder or liquid form on the substrate, so that a homogeneous distribution of well-separated (deagglomerated) particles is attained. The systematic study in this work shows examples where the extraction of the critical, smallest particle dimension - as the decisive particle parameter for the classification as a NM - is possible by analysing the sample after its simple, dry preparation. The consequences of additional typical issues like loss of information due to Screening of smaller particles by larger ones or the (in)ability to access the constituent particles in aggregates are discussed.
T2 - European Microscopy Congress emc 2016
CY - Lyon, France
DA - 28.08.2016
KW - Nanomaterial classification
KW - Nanoparticles
KW - Electron microscopy
PY - 2016
SN - 9783527808465
DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527808465.EMC2016.5767
SP - 13
EP - 14
PB - Wiley-VCH
AN - OPUS4-44087
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Saathoff, F.
A1 - Cantré, S.
A1 - Müller, Werner
T1 - The new German filtration criteria for geosynthetics in landfill construction
N2 - The recent German landfill ordinance includes a certification requirement for geosynthetics used in landfill liner and capping systems. The certification guidelines describe the basis for the design of geosynthetics used in landfill construction. In this paper the new German filter criteria for geosynthetics are presented with a particular focus on geotextile filters in geocomposite drains.
T2 - Euro GEO 5 - 5th European geosynthetics congress
CY - Valencia, Spain
DA - 16.09.2012
KW - Filtration
KW - Geosynthetics
KW - Landfill
PY - 2012
SN - 978-0415-64340-5
VL - 5
IS - Topic: Transport
SP - 264
EP - 268
AN - OPUS4-26934
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Wonneberger, R.
A1 - Gräf, S.
A1 - Bonse, Jörn
A1 - Wisniewski, W.
A1 - Freiberg, K.
A1 - Hafermann, M.
A1 - Ronning, C.
A1 - Müller, F. A.
A1 - Undisz, A.
T1 - Tracing the Formation of Femtosecond Laser-Induced Periodic Surface Structures (LIPSS) by Implanted Markers
N2 - The generation of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) using femtosecond lasers facilitates the engineering of material surfaces with tailored functional properties. Numerous aspects of their complex formation process are still under debate, despite intensive theoretical and experimental research in recent decades. This particularly concerns the challenge of verifying approaches based on electromagnetic effects or hydrodynamic processes by experiment. In the present study, a marker experiment is designed to conclude on the formation of LIPSS. Well-defined concentration depth profiles of 55Mn+- and 14N+-ions were generated below the polished surface of a cast Mn- and Si-free stainless steel AISI 316L using ion implantation. Before and after LIPSS generation, marker concentration depth profiles and the sample microstructure were evaluated by using transmission electron microscopy techniques. It is shown that LIPSS predominantly formed by material removal through locally varying ablation. Local melting and resolidification with the redistribution of the material occurred to a lesser extent. The experimental design gives quantitative access to the modulation depth with a nanometer resolution and is a promising approach for broader studies of the interactions of laser beams and material surfaces. Tracing LIPSS formation enables to unambiguously identify governing aspects, consequently guiding the path to improved processing regarding reproducibility, periodicity, and alignment.
KW - Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS)
KW - Femtosecond laser processing
KW - Ion implantation
KW - Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
KW - Stainless steel
PY - 2025
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-623990
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.4c14777
SN - 1944-8244 (Print)
SN - 1944-8252 (Online)
VL - 17
IS - 1
SP - 2462
EP - 2468
PB - ACS Publications
AN - OPUS4-62399
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Henning, L. M.
A1 - Müller, J. T.
A1 - Smales, Glen Jacob
A1 - Pauw, Brian Richard
A1 - Schmidt, J.
A1 - Bekheet, M. F.
A1 - Gurlo, A.
A1 - Simon, U.
T1 - Hierarchically porous and mechanically stable monoliths from ordered mesoporous silica and their water filtration potential
N2 - Mechanically stable structures with interconnected hierarchical porosity combine the benefits of both small
and large pores, such as high surface area, pore volume, and good mass transport capabilities. Hence, lightweight micro-/meso-/macroporous monoliths are prepared from ordered mesoporous silica COK-12 by means of spark plasma sintering (SPS, S-sintering) and compared to conventionally (C-) sintered monoliths. A multi-scale model is developed to fit the small angle X-ray scattering data and obtain information on the hexagonal lattice parameters, pore sizes from the macro to the micro range, as well as the dimensions of the silica population. For both sintering techniques, the overall mesoporosity, hexagonal pore ordering, and amorphous character are preserved. The monoliths' porosity (77–49%), mesopore size (6.2–5.2 nm), pore volume (0.50–0.22 g cm-3
), and specific surface area (451–180 m2 g-1) decrease with increasing processing temperature and pressure. While the difference in porosity is enhanced, the
structural parameters between the C-and S-sintered monoliths are largely converging at 900 C, except for the mesopore size and lattice parameter, whose dimensions are more extensively preserved in the
S-sintered monoliths, however, coming along with larger deviations from the theoretical lattice. Their higher mechanical properties (biaxial strength up to 49 MPa, 724 MPa HV 9.807 N) at comparable porosities and ability to withstand ultrasonic treatment and dead-end filtration up to 7 bar allow S-sintered monoliths to reach a high permeance (2634 L m-2 h-1 bar-1), permeability (1.25 x 10^-14 m2), and ability to reduce the chemical oxygen demand by 90% during filtration of a surfactant-stabilized oil in water emulsion, while indicating reasonable resistance towards fouling.
KW - SAXS
KW - Hierarchically porous
KW - Silica
KW - Water filtration
PY - 2022
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-555928
DO - https://doi.org/10.1039/D2NA00368F
SN - 2516-0230
SP - 1
EP - 17
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry
CY - Cambridge
AN - OPUS4-55592
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Wiedensohler, A.
A1 - Wiesner, A.
A1 - Weinhold, K.
A1 - Birmili, W.
A1 - Herrmann, M.
A1 - Merkel, M.
A1 - Müller, T.
A1 - Pfeifer, S.
A1 - Schmidt, A.
A1 - Tuch, T.
A1 - Velarde, F.
A1 - Quincey, P.
A1 - Seeger, Stefan
A1 - Nowak, A.
T1 - Mobility particle size spectrometers: Calibration procedures and measurement uncertainties
N2 - Mobility particle size spectrometers (MPSS) belong to the essential instruments in aerosol science that determine the particle number size distribution (PNSD)in the submicrometer size range. Following calibration procedures and target uncertainties against standards and reference instruments are suggested for a complete MPSS quality assurance program: a) calibration of the CPC counting efficiency curve (within 5% for the plateau counting efficiency; within 1 nm for the 50% detection efficiency diameter), b) sizing calibration of the MPSS, using a certified polystyrene latex (PSL) particle size standard at 203 nm (within 3%), c) intercomparison of the PNSD of the MPSS (within 10% and 20% of the dN/dlogDP concentration for the particle size range 20 – 200 nm and 200 to 800 nm, respectively), and d) intercomparison of the integral PNC of the MPSS (within 10%). Furthermore, following measurement uncertainties have been investigated: a) PSL particle size standards in the range from 100-500nm match within 1% after sizing calibration at 203 nm. b) Bipolar diffusion chargers based on the radioactive nuclides Kr85, Am241 and Ni63 and a new ionizer based on corona discharge follow the recommended bipolar charge distribution, while soft X-ray-based charges may alter faster than expected. c) The use of a positive high voltage supply show a 10% better performance than a negative one. d) The intercomparison of the integral PNC of an MPSS against the total number concentration is still within the target uncertainty at an ambient pressure of approximately 500 hPa.
KW - Measurement uncertainties
KW - Mobility particle size spectrometer (MPPS)
KW - Condensation particle counter (CPC)
KW - Calibration
PY - 2017
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-425060
DO - https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2017.1387229
SN - 1521-7388
VL - 52
IS - 2
SP - 146
EP - 164
PB - Tailor & Francis
CY - USA
AN - OPUS4-42506
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Müller, Werner
A1 - Saathoff, F.
T1 - Geosynthetics in geoenvironmental engineering
N2 - Geosynthetics are planar polymeric products, which are used in connection with soil, rock or other soil-like materials to fulfill various functions in geoenvironmental engineering. Geosynthetics are of ever-growing importance in the construction industry. Sealing of waste storage facilities to safely prevent the emission of wastewater, landfill gas and contaminated dust as well as the diffusion of pollutants into the environment and coastal protection against storms and floods and reconstruction after natural disaster are important fields of application. We will give an overview of the various geosynthetic products. Two examples of the material problems related to geosynthetics are discussed in detail: the effect of creep on the long-term performance of geocomposite drains and the numerical simulation of the interaction of soil with geogrids. Both issues are of importance for the use of these products in landfill capping systems. The various functions, which geosynthetics may fulfill in the protection of coastal lines, are illustrated by case studies. The geosynthetic market is evaluated and economical and environmental benefits, as well as environmental side effects related to the use of geosynthetics, are discussed.
KW - Geosynthetics
KW - Geoenvironmental engineering
KW - Landfill capping system
KW - Coastal protection
KW - Geocomposite drain
KW - Geogrid
KW - Geotextile
PY - 2015
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-332014
DO - https://doi.org/10.1088/1468-6996/16/3/034605
SN - 1468-6996
VL - 16
IS - 3
SP - 034605-1
EP - 034605-20
PB - Elsevier Science
CY - Amsterdam [u.a.]
AN - OPUS4-33201
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kunz, C.
A1 - Büttner, T.N.
A1 - Naumann, B.
A1 - Boehm, A.V.
A1 - Gnecco, E.
A1 - Bonse, Jörn
A1 - Neumann, C.
A1 - Turchanin, A.
A1 - Müller, F.A.
A1 - Gräf, S.
T1 - Large-area fabrication of low- and high-spatial-frequency laser-induced periodic surface structures on carbon fibers
N2 - The formation and properties of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) were investigated on carbon fibers under irradiation of fs-laser pulses characterized by a pulse duration τ = 300 fs and a laser wavelength λ = 1025 nm. The LIPSS were fabricated in an air environment at normal incidence with different values of the laser peak fluence and number of pulses per spot. The morphology of the generated structures was characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and Fast-Fourier transform analyses. Moreover, the material structure and the surface chemistry of the carbon fibers before and after laser irradiation was analyzed by micro Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Large areas in the cm2 range of carbon fiber arrangements were successfully processed with homogenously distributed high- and low-spatial frequency LIPSS. Beyond those distinct nanostructures, hybrid structures were realized for the very first time by a superposition of both types of LIPSS in a two-step process. The findings facilitate the fabrication of tailored LIPSS-based surface structures on carbon fibers that could be of particular interest for e.g. fiber reinforced polymers and concretes.
KW - Fs-Laser
KW - Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS)
KW - Carbon fibers
KW - Large area structuring
PY - 2018
UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0008622318302781
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2018.03.035
SN - 0008-6223
SN - 1873-3891
VL - 133
SP - 176
EP - 185
PB - Elsevier Ltd.
AN - OPUS4-44625
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Wolff, M.
A1 - Wonneberger, R.
A1 - Freiberg, K.E.
A1 - Hertwig, Andreas
A1 - Bonse, Jörn
A1 - Giebeler, L.
A1 - Koitzsch, A.
A1 - Kunz, C.
A1 - Weber, H.
A1 - Hufenbach, J.K.
A1 - Müller, F.A.
A1 - Gräf, S.
T1 - Formation of laser-induced periodic surface structures on Zr-based bulk metallic glasses with different chemical composition
N2 - Bulk metallic glasses (BMG) are amorphous metal alloys known for their unique physical and mechanical properties. In the present study, the formation of femtosecond (fs) laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) on the Zr-based BMGs Zr46Cu46Al8, Zr61Cu25Al12Ti2, Zr52.5Cu17.9Al10Ni14.6Ti5 (Vit105) and Zr57Cu15.4Al10Ni12.6Nb5 (Vit106) was investigated as a function of their different chemical composition. For this purpose, LIPSS were generated on the sample surfaces in an air environment by fs-laser irradiation (λ = 1025 nm, τ = 300 fs, frep = 100 kHz). The surface topography was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Moreover, the impact of LIPSS formation on the structure and chemical surface composition was analyzed before and after fs-laser irradiation by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy as well as by transmission electron microscopy in combination with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Despite the different chemical composition of the investigated BMGs, the fs-laser irradiation resulted in almost similar properties of the generated LIPSS patterns. In the case of Zr61Cu25Al12Ti2, Vit105 and Vit106, the surface analysis revealed the preservation of the amorphous state of the materials during fs-laser irradiation. The study demonstrated the presence of a native oxide layer on all pristine BMGs. In addition, fs-laser irradiation results in the formation of laser-induced oxide layers of larger thickness consisting of an amorphous ZrAlCu-oxide. The precise laser-structuring of BMG surfaces on the nanoscale provides a versatile alternative to thermoplastic forming of BMG surfaces and is of particular interest for the engineering of functional material surfaces.
KW - Bulk metallic glasses
KW - Femtosecond laser
KW - Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS)
KW - Chemical analysis
KW - Oxidation
PY - 2023
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-581799
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfin.2023.103305
SN - 2468-0230
VL - 42
SP - 1
EP - 11
PB - Elsevier B.V.
AN - OPUS4-58179
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Falchi, L.
A1 - Müller, Urs
A1 - Fontana, Patrick
A1 - Izzo, F.C.
A1 - Balliana, E.
A1 - Biscontin, G.
A1 - Zendri, E.
T1 - Sustainability in the maintenance and protection of architectural surfaces: Innovative water-repellent pozzolana-lime mortars
N2 - Water-repellent renders were studied in order to evaluate their suitability for restoration applications. Water repellent admixtures, such as powdered siloxane-based products and metal soaps (zinc and calcium stearates), were mixed with a pozzolana-lime binder similar to historical binders with hydraulic properties. The chemical-physical and structural properties, the effectiveness and the durability of the water-repellent mortars in different environmental conditions were studied. The influence of the water repellent admixtures was evaluated by FT-IR analyses, by testing the mechanical properties and the behaviour in presence of water. The durability of the water-repellent mortars was evaluated after the exposure to artificial weathering (UV-light and water) and to immersion/drying cycles in saturated sodium sulphate solution. The nature of the water-repellent admixtures influenced both the hydration reactions and the chemical-physical properties of the mortars resulting in different resistance to the weathering and to salt crystallization.
T2 - Scienza e beni culturali XXX. 2014 - Quale sostenibilita' per il Restauro?
CY - Brixen, Italy
DA - 01.07.2014
KW - Water-repellent admixtures
KW - Artificial weathering
KW - Salt crystallization
KW - Restoration mortars
PY - 2014
SN - 978-88-95409-18-4
SN - 2039-9790
SP - 637
EP - 648
PB - Edizioni Arcadia Ricerche S.r.l.
AN - OPUS4-31841
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kind, L.
A1 - Plamper, F.A.
A1 - Göbel, R.
A1 - Mantion, Alexandre
A1 - Müller, A. H. E.
A1 - Pieles, U.
A1 - Taubert, A.
A1 - Meier, W.
T1 - Silsesquioxane/polyamine nanoparticle-templated formation of star- or raspberry-like silica nanoparticles
KW - Silica nanoparticles
KW - 3D TEM
KW - Star-shaped nanoparticles
KW - Raspberry-shaped nanoparticles
PY - 2009
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/la900229n
SN - 0743-7463
SN - 1520-5827
VL - 25
IS - 12
SP - 7109
EP - 7115
PB - American Chemical Society
CY - Washington, DC
AN - OPUS4-19580
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Müller, Renate
A1 - Rudolphi, Reinald
A1 - Kasper, F.-J.
T1 - Fensteranschlüsse. Numerische Untersuchungen zum wärmeschutztechnischen Verhalten
PY - 1990
SN - 0017-1107
VL - 43
IS - 11
SP - 4, 36
EP - 45
PB - Gentner
CY - Stuttgart
AN - OPUS4-1256
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Müller, Renate
A1 - Rudolphi, Reinald
A1 - Kasper, F.-J.
A1 - Wagner, Armin
T1 - The Thermal Transmittance of Windows
PY - 1983
SN - 0306-9931
VL - 11
IS - 5
SP - 292
EP - 297
PB - Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment
CY - Paris
AN - OPUS4-1242
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Müller, Renate
A1 - Rudolphi, Reinald
A1 - Kasper, F.J.
A1 - Wagner, Armin
T1 - Zum wärmeschutztechnischen Verhalten des Anschlußbereiches Fenster-Wand
PY - 1984
SN - 0016-9277
VL - 105
IS - 4
SP - 169-170 und 223-227
PB - Oldenbourg
CY - München
AN - OPUS4-1244
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Müller, Renate
A1 - Rudolphi, Reinald
A1 - Kasper, F.-J.
A1 - Wagner, Armin
T1 - Rechnerische Simulation von Versuchen am Beispiel des Wärmeschutzes von Fensterkonstruktionen
PY - 1986
SN - 0025-5300
VL - 28
IS - 4
SP - 107
EP - 108
PB - Carl Hanser Verlag
CY - München
AN - OPUS4-1249
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Müller, Renate
A1 - Rudolphi, Reinald
A1 - Kasper, F.-J.
T1 - Numerische Untersuchungen zum Tauwasserrisiko von Mauerwerksaußenwinkeln und Ecken in Gebäuden (Teil 1)
PY - 1988
SN - 0343-3560
VL - 17
IS - 3
SP - Titelblatt und S. 43
EP - 52
PB - Thiekötter
CY - Münster
AN - OPUS4-1250
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Müller, Renate
A1 - Rudolphi, Reinald
A1 - Kasper, F.-J.
T1 - Numerische Untersuchungen zum Tauwasserrisiko von Mauerwerksaußenwinkeln und Ecken in Gebäuden (Teil 2)
PY - 1988
SN - 0343-3560
VL - 17
IS - 4
SP - 53
EP - 59
PB - Thiekötter
CY - Münster
AN - OPUS4-1251
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Waurischk, Tina
A1 - Reinsch, Stefan
A1 - Müller, Ralf
A1 - Chen, Y.-F.
A1 - Contreras Jaimes, A.
T1 - Datengetriebener Workflow für die beschleunigte Entwicklung von Glas (GlasDigital)
N2 - Das Projekt GlasDigital wurde im allgemeinen vorgestellt, sowie die einzelnen Zwischenstände der verschiedenen Arbeitspakete aller Projektpartner präsentiert. Die allgemeine Porjektvorstellung ist auf deutsch. Die Zwischenstände der Arbeitsinhalte sind auf englisch.
T2 - PMD Vollversammlung
CY - Berlin, Germany
DA - 03.11.2022
KW - Oxidglas
KW - Robotische Glasschmelzanlage
KW - ML
KW - Ontologie
KW - Digitaler Zwilling
KW - Bildanalyse
PY - 2022
AN - OPUS4-56491
LA - deu
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Müller, A.
A1 - Goecke, S.F.
A1 - Rethmeier, Michael
T1 - Laser beam oscillation welding for automotive applications
N2 - Laser beam oscillation, applied one- or two-dimensional to the actual welding process, influences the welding process in terms of compensation of tolerances and reduction of process emissions like spatter and melt ejections that occur in industrial applications, such as in body-in-white manufacturing. If the welding process could be adapted to these tolerances by the momentarily demanded melt pool width to generate sufficient melt volume or to influence melt pool dynamics, e.g. for a better degassing, laser welding would become more robust. However, beam oscillation results are highly dependent on the natural frequency of the melt pool, the used spot diameter and the oscillation speed of the laser beam. The conducted investigations with an oscillated 300 μm laser spot show that oscillation strategies which are adjusted to the joining situation can bridge gaps to approximately 0.6 mm at metal sheet thickness of 0.8 mm. However, the complex behaviour of the melt pool has to be considered to generate proper welding results. This work puts emphasis on showing aspects of beam oscillation in fillet welding in lap joints.
KW - Automotive application
KW - Melt pool dynamics
KW - Adaptive welding beam oscillation
KW - Laser welding
KW - Gap bridging
PY - 2018
DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-018-0625-3
SN - 0043-2288
SN - 1878-6669
VL - 62
IS - 5
SP - 1039
EP - 1047
PB - Springer
AN - OPUS4-45774
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Müller, A.
A1 - Goecke, S.F.
A1 - Rethmeier, Michael
T1 - Laser beam oscillation for fillet welding
N2 - In todays automotive frame-and-body construction, laser welds are typically carried out as square butt welds in lap joints. These welds are increasingly produced by remote laser welding optics with working distances of 500 mm and more. This enables simple path programming because clamping devices are traversed over and therefore low cycle times with improved productivity is achieved. However, workpiece tolerances lead to part displacements and varying joint positions over time. These displacements have to be acted against by appropriate flange length that contain for positioning deviations. Using this concept, aspired light-weight optimisations, e.g. reducing flange length, are difficult to achieve. By using seam tracking sensors, part tolerances are automatically detected and counteracted for. In addition, joint edge detection allows constructive changes on the type of weld. Fillet welds reduce flange lengths', improve force flow and open up possibilities for visual quality monitoring. Apart from that, vertical displacements in the form of height tolerances still occur. This needs consideration by adapting the set of welding parameter to the current welding situation. In this respect, one main welding parameter is the lateral beam offset to the upper sheet. Since body-in-white welding applications mainly comprise of zinc-coated steel sheets, special requirements for the welding process are given. Especially zero-gap-welding and welding of joints with gaps larger than 0.2 mm are critical. Using a laser beam oscillation process can stabilise these situations. Approaches to finding parameter sets are presented in this paper.
KW - Laser beams
KW - Welding
KW - Fillet welds
KW - Gap
KW - Process procedures
KW - Monitoring systems
PY - 2014
DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-014-0165-4
SN - 0043-2288
SN - 1878-6669
VL - 58
IS - 6
SP - 865
EP - 872
PB - Springer
CY - Oxford
AN - OPUS4-32075
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Reinsch, Stefan
A1 - Nascimento, M.L.F.
A1 - Müller, Ralf
A1 - Zanotto, E. D.
T1 - Crystal growth kinetics in cordierite and diopside glasses in wide temperature ranges
N2 - We measured and collected literature data for the crystal growth rate, u(T), of µ-cordierite (2MgO · 2Al2O3 · 5SiO2) and diopside (CaO · MgO · 2SiO2) in their isochemical glass forming melts. The data cover exceptionally wide temperature ranges, i.e. 8001350 °C for cordierite and 7501378 °C for diopside. The maximum of u(T) occurs at about 1250 °C for both systems. A smooth shoulder is observed around 970 °C for µ-cordierite. Based on measured and collected viscosity data, we fitted u(T) using standard crystal growth models. For diopside, the experimental u(T) fits well to the 2D surface nucleation model and also to the screw dislocation growth mechanism. However, the screw dislocation model yields parameters of more significant physical meaning. For cordierite, these two models also describe the experimental growth rates. However, the best fittings of u(T) including the observed shoulder, were attained for a combined mechanism, assuming that the melt/crystal interface growing from screw dislocations is additionally roughened by superimposed 2D surface nucleation at large undercoolings, starting at a temperature around the shoulder. The good fittings indicate that viscosity can be used to assess the transport mechanism that determines crystal growth in these two systems, from the melting point Tm down to about Tg, with no sign of a breakdown of the StokesEinstein/Eyring equation.
KW - Crystal growth
KW - Oxide glasses
KW - Silicates
KW - Kristallwachstumsgeschwindigkeit
KW - Kinetik
KW - Silikatgläser
PY - 2008
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2008.09.007
SN - 0022-3093
VL - 354
IS - 52-54
SP - 5386
EP - 5394
PB - North-Holland Publ. Co.
CY - Amsterdam
AN - OPUS4-18383
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
A1 - Reinsch, Stefan
A1 - Müller, Ralf
A1 - Nascimento, M.L.F.
A1 - Zanotto, E. D.
T1 - Crystal Growth Mechanism in Cordierite and Diopside Glasses in Wide Temperature Ranges
T2 - XX. International Congress on Glass
CY - Kyoto, Japan
DA - 2004-09-26
KW - Cordierite
KW - Diopside
KW - Glass
KW - Crystal growth
PY - 2004
SP - 6 pages
PB - Ceramic Society of Japan
CY - Tokio
AN - OPUS4-4389
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Gers-Panther, C.F.
A1 - Fischer, H.
A1 - Nordmann, J.
A1 - Seiler, T.
A1 - Behnke, Thomas
A1 - Würth, Christian
A1 - Frank, W.
A1 - Resch-Genger, Ute
A1 - Müller, T.J.J.
T1 - Four- and Five-Component Syntheses and Photophysical Properties of Emission Solvatochromic 3‑Aminovinylquinoxalines
N2 - 3-Aminovinylquinoxalines are readily accessible from (hetero)aryl glyoxylic acids or heterocyclic π-nucleophiles by consecutive four- and fivecomponent syntheses in the sense of an activation-alkynylation-cyclocondensation-addition sequence or glyoxylation-alkynylation-cyclocondensation-addition sequence in good yields. The title compounds are highly fluorescent with pronounced emission solvatochromicity and protochromic fluorescence quenching. Time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy furnishes radiative and nonradiative fluorescence decay rates in various solvent polarities. The electronic structure is corroborated by DFT and TD-DFT calculations rationalizing the observed spectroscopic effects.
KW - Dye
KW - Syntheseis
KW - Spectroscopy
PY - 2016
DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.6b02581
SN - 0022-3263
VL - 82
SP - 567
EP - 578
PB - ACS Publications
AN - OPUS4-39211
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Holzer, Marco
A1 - Johansen, Sidsel M.
A1 - Christensen, Johan F.S.
A1 - Smedskjaer, Morten M.
A1 - Cicconi, Maria Rita
A1 - de Ligny, Dominique
A1 - Müller, Ralf
A1 - de Camargo, Andrea S.S.
A1 - Maaß, Robert
T1 - Direct connection between secondary relaxation mode and fracture toughness in alkali-aluminosilicate glasses
N2 - Oxide glasses are intrinsically brittle, lacking sufficient atomic-scale mechanisms that can relax mechanical stresses in the vicinity of a propagating crack. As a result, fracture is typically well-captured by considering local bond rupture at the crack tip. Here we demonstrate that barrier energies related to the low-temperature 𝛾-relaxation mode in alkali-aluminosilicate glasses are inversely related to the fracture toughness measured via standardized three-point bending fracture experiments. This holds true for both a series with varying cations (Li, Na, K) and one with varying Li concentration. The structural rationale for this finding is gained via Raman spectroscopy. The findings suggest that a fundamental structural relaxation mode measured on bulk specimens can serve as an effective guideline for fracture toughness of oxide glasses. Data for additional silicate glasses support this conclusion.
KW - Fracture toughness
KW - Oxide glass
KW - Mechanical properties
KW - Alkali-aluminosilicate glasses
KW - Internal friction
PY - 2026
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-651540
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtadv.2025.100669
SN - 2590-0498
VL - 29
SP - 1
EP - 10
PB - Elsevier Ltd.
CY - Amsterdam, Niederlande
AN - OPUS4-65154
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Mühler, T.
A1 - Helsch, G.
A1 - Heinrich, J.G.
A1 - Yao, Dongxu
A1 - Gräf, S.
A1 - Müller, F.A.
A1 - Günster, Jens
T1 - Strategies for the selective volume sintering of ceramics
N2 - The present study is dealing with the basic physics for a novel way to generate a free-formed ceramic body, not like common layer by layer, but directly by Selective Volume Sintering (SVS) in a compact block of ceramic powder. To penetrate with laser light into the volume of a ceramic powder compact it is necessary to investigate the light scattering properties of ceramic powders. Compared with polymers and metals, ceramic materials are unique as they offer a wide optical window of transparency. The optical window typically ranges from below 0.3 up to 5 µm wave length. In the present study thin layers of quartz glass (SiO2) particles have been prepared. As a function of layer thickness and the particle size, transmission and reflection spectra in a wave length range between 0.5 and 2.5 µm have been recorded. Depending on the respective particle size and by choosing a proper relation between particle size and wave length of the incident laser radiation, it is found that light can penetrate a powder compact up to a depth of a few millimeters. With an adjustment of the light absorption properties of the compact the initiation of sintering in the volume of the compact is possible.
KW - Additive Manufacturing
PY - 2014
DO - https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2014.174
SN - 0884-2914
VL - 29
IS - 17
SP - 2095
EP - 2099
PB - Materials Research Society
CY - Warrendale, Pa.
AN - OPUS4-32544
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Rahner, E.
A1 - Thiele, T.
A1 - Voss, Heike
A1 - Müller, F.A.
A1 - Bonse, Jörn
A1 - Gräf, S.
T1 - Objective, high-throughput regularity quantification of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS)
N2 - The growing demand for precise surface functionalization through laser-generated periodic surface structures highlights the necessity for efficient, reproducible, and objective evaluation methods to evaluate their structural regularity. We introduce ReguΛarity (v.1.2.7), a freely available, Python-based software with a graphical user interface for the automated, quantitative assessment of the regularity of laser-induced periodic surfaces structures (LIPSS), obtained from optical microscopy, SEM, or AFM. The software integrates image segmentation, one- and two-dimensional Fourier analyses, and gradient-based orientation determination to facilitate a comprehensive regularity analysis of grating-like (quasi-)periodic surface patterns with spatial periods Λ. This is achieved through the proposed regularity tuple R, composed of five key parameters: the normalized spread of the spatial period RΛ,2D (from 2D-FT), the normalized variation of the most frequent spatial period RΛ (from 1D-FT), the Gini coefficient G, the Dispersion of the LIPSS Orientation Angle δθ (DLOA), and the mean phase deviation . To demonstrate its applicability, we compare ideal sinusoidal patterns with SEM images obtained from LIPSS on stainless steel (AISI 316L) and aluminum alloy (AlMg5) surfaces, confirming the software’s ability to objectively distinguish between varying levels of structural regularity. ReguΛarity facilitates high-throughput analysis and data-driven process optimization in surface engineering and laser materials processing.
KW - Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS)
KW - Image processing
KW - Regularity quantification
KW - Fourier analysis
KW - Structural homogeneity
PY - 2026
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-654070
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.165919
SN - 0169-4332
VL - 726
SP - 1
EP - 12
PB - Elsevier B.V.
AN - OPUS4-65407
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Maul, Ronald
A1 - Müller, C.
A1 - Rieß, Stephanie
A1 - Koch, Matthias
A1 - Methner, F.-J.
A1 - Nehls, Irene
T1 - Germination induces the glucosylation of the Fusarium mycotoxin deoxynivalenol in various grains
N2 - In food, the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) often occurs in conjunction with its 3-β-D-glucopyranoside (D3G). The transformation of DON to D3G through glucosylation is catalysed by plant enzymes, however, the exact circumstances are not well understood. In order to investigate the role of enzymatic glucosylation in germinating grains, DON treated kernels were steeped and germinated under laboratory conditions. Furthermore, the effect of malting on the DON content of the contaminated barley was investigated. In all cases, DON and its derivatives were quantified by HPLC-MS/MS before, during and after the experiments. Amongst the six tested cereals; wheat, rye, barley, spelt, and millet transformed DON to D3G during germination whilst the oats were inactive. For wheat, barley, and spelt the initial DON content was reduced by 50%, with the loss being almost entirely accounted for by D3G formation. As D3G might be cleaved during digestion, the elevated D3G concentration may obscure the toxicologically relevant DON content in processed food and beer. The germination process has a major influence on the 'masking' of DON, leading to high quantities of D3G that may be missed in common mycotoxin analyses.
KW - Mycotoxins
KW - Masked mycotoxins
KW - Deoxynivalenol (DON)
KW - DON-3-glucoside
KW - Acetyl-DON
KW - Germination
KW - Malting
PY - 2012
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.08.077
SN - 0308-8146
VL - 131
IS - 1
SP - 274
EP - 279
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam [u.a.] ; Jena
AN - OPUS4-25732
LA - eng
AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
ER -