TY - JOUR A1 - Gojani, Ardian A1 - Tobias, Charlie A1 - Hülagü, Deniz A1 - Rurack, Knut A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan T1 - Toward determination of the surface roughness of particles from a SEM image N2 - In this communication, we address the issue of roughness measurement by investigating if the grayscale values from SEM images can be used for surface roughness determination of spherical particles. KW - MamaLoCA KW - Core-shell particles KW - Electron microscopy KW - Image processing KW - Particle characterisation KW - Roughness PY - 2021 DO - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927621011375 SN - 1431-9276 SN - 1435-8115 VL - 27 IS - Suplement S1 SP - 3302 EP - 3305 PB - Cambridge University Press CY - New York, NY AN - OPUS4-53283 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hülagü, Deniz A1 - Tobias, Charlie A1 - Gojani, Ardian B. A1 - Rurack, Knut A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan T1 - Towards automated scanning electron microscopy image analysis of core-shell microparticles for quasi-3D determination of the surface roughness N2 - Core-shell (CS) particles have been increasingly used for a wide range of applications due to their unique properties by merging individual characteristics of the core and the shell materials. The functionality of the designed particles is strongly influenced by their surface roughness. Quantitative evaluation of the roughness of CS microparticles is, however, a challenging task for Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The SEM images contain two-dimensional (2D) information providing contour roughness data only from the projection of the particle in the horizontal plane. This study presents a practical procedure to achieve more information by tilting the sample holder, hence allowing images of different areas of a single particle to be recorded at different orientations under the same view angle. From the analysis of these images, quasi three-dimensional (3D) information is obtained. Three types of home-made particles were investigated: i) bare polystyrene (PS) particles, ii) PS particles decorated with a first magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticle shell forming CS microbeads, iii) PS/Fe3O4 particles closed with a second silica (SiO2) shell forming core-shell-shell (CSS) microbeads. A series images of a single particle were taken with stepwise tilted sample holder up to 10° by an SEM with high-resolution and surface sensitive SE-InLens® mode. A reliable analysis tool has been developed by a script in Python to analyze SEM images automatically and to evaluate profile roughness quantitatively, for individual core-shell microparticles. Image analysis consists of segmentation of the images, identifying contour and the centre of the particle, and extracting the root mean squared roughness value (RMS-RQ) of the contour profile from the particle projection within a few seconds. The variation in roughness from batch-to-batch was determined with the purpose to set the method as a routine quality check procedure. Flow cytometry measurements provided complementary data. Measurement uncertainties associated to various particle orientations were also estimated. T2 - ICASS 5th International Conference on Applied Surface Science CY - Palma, Mallorca, Spain DA - 25.04.2022 KW - Core-shell particles KW - Image analysis KW - Roughness KW - Scanning electron microscopy PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-54774 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hülagü, Deniz T1 - From 2D and Single Particle to 3D and Batch Analysis as a Routine Quality Check Procedure for the Morphological Characterization of Core-Shell Microparticles N2 - This study presents a practical procedure to give access to more information by tilting the sample holder and hence allowing images of a single particle to be recorded at different orientations under the same view angle. From the analysis of these images, extended information on surface roughness of the particle can be extracted. Thus, instead of obtaining 2D information from a single SEM image, three-dimensional (3D) information is obtained from 2D projections recorded at different particle orientations. T2 - Microscopy & Microanalysis 2022 CY - Online meeting DA - 31.07.2022 KW - Core-shell particles KW - 3D image analysis KW - Roughness KW - SEM tilting KW - Batch analysis PY - 2022 AN - OPUS4-55452 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hülagü, Deniz A1 - Tobias, Charlie A1 - Gojani, Ardian B. A1 - Rurack, Knut A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan T1 - From 2D and Single Particle to 3D and Batch Analysis as a Routine Quality Check Procedure for the Morphological Characterization of Core-Shell Microparticles N2 - CS particles show unique properties by merging individual characteristics of the core and the shell materials. An alteration particularly in their surface roughness affects the final performance of the particles in the targeted application. Quantitative evaluation of the roughness of CS microparticles is, however, a challenging task employing microscopic techniques being scarce and showing large differences in terms of methodology and results. In our previous work, we have reported a systematic study with a reliable analysis tool, which evaluates profile roughness quantitatively, for individual core-shell microparticles using electron microscopy (EM) images of both types, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and transmission mode SEM (or TSEM). The SEM images contain two-dimensional (2D) information, therefore, provide profile roughness data only from the projection in the horizontal plane (in other words, from the “belly”) of a spherical particle. The present study offers a practical procedure to give access to more information by tilting the sample holder and hence allowing images of a single particle to be recorded at different orientations under the same view angle. From the analysis of these images, extended information on surface roughness of the particle can be extracted. Thus, instead of obtaining 2D information from a single SEM image, three-dimensional (3D) information is obtained from 2D projections recorded at different particle orientations. T2 - Microscopy and Microanalysis 2022 CY - Oregon, Portland, USA DA - 31.07.2022 KW - Core-shell particles KW - Image processing KW - Roughness KW - Scanning electron microscopy KW - Tilting PY - 2022 DO - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927622002094 SN - 1431-9276 VL - 28 IS - S1 SP - 332 EP - 334 PB - Cambridge University Press AN - OPUS4-55373 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hülagü, Deniz A1 - Tobias, Charlie A1 - Gojani, Ardian A1 - Rurack, Knut A1 - Hodoroaba, Vasile-Dan T1 - Analysis of the profile roughness of core-shell microparticles by electron microscopy N2 - A particle roughness analysis tool, based on electron microscopy images (SEM and TEM). The influence of various parameters on the calculated roughness was also investigated: the setting of the proper threshold, accelerating voltage, etc. The samples were gradually tilted to extend imaging information of more than only one projection. Furthermore, the measurement uncertainty of the profile roughness of particles associated to various orientations was estimated. KW - Core-shell particles KW - Electron microscopy KW - Image processing KW - MamaLoCa KW - Particle Characterization KW - Roughness PY - 2021 DO - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927621007285 VL - 27 IS - Suppl. 1 SP - 2002 EP - 2004 PB - Cambridge University Press AN - OPUS4-53123 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hülagü, Deniz T1 - Analysis of the profile roughness of core-shell microparticles by electron microscopy N2 - A particle roughness analysis tool, based on electron microscopy (EM) images. The influence of various parameters on the calculated roughness was also investigated: the setting of the proper threshold, accelerating voltage, etc. The samples were gradually tilted to extend imaging information of more than only one projection. Furthermore, the measurement uncertainty of the profile roughness of particles associated to various orientations was estimated. T2 - Microscopy and Microanalysis 2021 CY - Online Meeting DA - 01.08.2021 KW - MamaLoCA KW - Particle characterization KW - Electron microscopy KW - Roughness KW - Core-shell particles KW - Image processing PY - 2021 AN - OPUS4-53069 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -