TY - JOUR A1 - Ungureanu, F. A1 - Manea, A.S. A1 - Frunza, L. A1 - Frunza, S. A1 - Ganea, C.P. A1 - Cotorobai, F. A1 - Diamandescu, L. A1 - Schönhals, Andreas T1 - Pentylcyanobiphenyl as test molecule for the acid sites of powdered titanium(IV) oxides: sensitivity of core levels to the local structure N2 - Pentylcyanobiphenyl was used successfully as a test molecule to show the acid sites upon some commercial nanoscaled titanium dioxide materials. The surface interactions were investigated in detail using methods sensitive to the surface or to the bulk material, e.g., X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), infrared spectroscopy, and thermal analysis. Different oxidation states of surface Ti ions were revealed. Several species were found: the majority were bonded through the nitrogen lone pair of the cyano group, but bonding to the surface OH groups by benzene π electrons might also appear. The N 1s lines of adsorbed 5CB were able to distinguish between Lewis acid and relatively weak Brønsted acid sites. KW - Infrared spectra KW - Pentylcyanobiphenyl KW - Size dependence KW - Titanium dioxide KW - XPS PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1080/15421406.2012.697416 SN - 1542-1406 SN - 0026-8941 VL - 562 IS - 1 SP - 200 EP - 217 PB - Taylor & Francis CY - Philadelphia, PA, USA AN - OPUS4-26397 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -