TY - JOUR A1 - Westwood, S. A1 - Josephs, R. A1 - Choteau, T. A1 - Daireaux, A. A1 - Stoppacher, N. A1 - Wielgosz, R. A1 - Davies, S. A1 - do Rego, E. A1 - Wollinger, W. A1 - Garrido, B. A1 - Fernandes, J. A1 - Lima, J. A1 - Oliveira, R. A1 - de Sena, R. A1 - Windust, A. A1 - Huang, T. A1 - Dai, X. A1 - Quan, C. A1 - He, H. A1 - Zhang, W. A1 - Wei, C. A1 - Li, N. A1 - Gao, D. A1 - Liu, Z. A1 - Lo, M. A1 - Wong, W. A1 - Pfeifer, Dietmar A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Dorgerloh, Ute A1 - Rothe, Robert A1 - Philipp, Rosemarie A1 - Hanari, N. A1 - Rezali, M. A1 - Arzate, C. A1 - Berenice, M. A1 - Caballero, V. A1 - Osuna, M. A1 - Krylov, A. A1 - Kharitonov, S. A1 - Lopushanskaya, E. A1 - Liu, Q. A1 - Lin, T. A1 - Fernandes-Whaley, M. A1 - Quinn, L. A1 - Nhlapo, N. A1 - Prevoo-Franzsen, D. A1 - Archer, M. A1 - Kim, B. A1 - Baek, S. A1 - Lee, S. A1 - Lee, J. A1 - Marbumrung, S. A1 - Kankaew, P. A1 - Chaorenpornpukdee, K. A1 - Chaipet, T. A1 - Shearman, K. A1 - Gören, A. A1 - Gündüz, S. A1 - Yilmaz, H. A1 - Un, I. A1 - Bilsel, G. A1 - Clarkson, C. A1 - Bedner, M. A1 - Camara, J. A1 - Lang, B. A1 - Lippa, K. A1 - Nelson, M. A1 - Toman, B. A1 - Yu, L. T1 - Mass fraction assignment of folic acid in a high purity material - CCQM-K55.d (Folic acid) Final Report JF - Metrologia N2 - The comparison required the assignment of the mass fraction of folic acid present as the main component in the comparison sample. Performance in the comparison is representative of a laboratory's measurement capability for the purity assignment of organic compounds of medium structural complexity [molecular weight range 300–500] and high polarity (pKOW < −2). Methods used by the eighteen participating NMIs or DIs were based on a mass balance (summation of impurities) or qNMR approach, or the combination of data obtained using both methods. The qNMR results tended to give slightly lower values for the content of folic acid, albeit with larger associated uncertainties, compared with the results obtained by mass balance procedures. Possible reasons for this divergence are discussed in the report, without reaching a definitive conclusion as to their origin. The comparison demonstrates that for a structurally complex polar organic compound containing a high water content and presenting a number of additional analytical challenges, the assignment of the mass fraction content property value of the main component can reasonably be achieved with an associated relative standard uncertainty in the assigned value of 0.5% KW - CCQM key comparison KW - Purity assessment KW - Folic acid PY - 2018 UR - https://www.bipm.org/utils/common/pdf/final_reports/QM/K55/CCQM-K55.d.pdf DO - https://doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/55/1A/08013 VL - 55 IS - Technical Supplement, 2018 SP - 08013, 1 EP - 38 PB - Institute of Physics Publishing (IOP) ; Bureau International des Poids et Mesures AN - OPUS4-44999 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kang, Y. A1 - Nack, L. M. A1 - Liu, Y. A1 - Qi, B. A1 - Huang, Y. A1 - Liu, Z. A1 - Chakraborty, I. A1 - Schulz, F. A1 - Ahmed, A. A. A. A1 - Poveda, M. C. A1 - Hafizi, F. A1 - Roy, S. A1 - Mutas, M. A1 - Holzapfel, M. A1 - Sanchez-Cano, C. A1 - Wegner, Karl David A1 - Feliu, N. A1 - Parak, W. J. T1 - Quantitative considerations about the size dependence of cellular entry and excretion of colloidal nanoparticles for different cell types JF - ChemTexts N2 - Most studies about the interaction of nanoparticles (NPs) with cells have focused on how the physicochemical properties of NPs will influence their uptake by cells. However, much less is known about their potential excretion from cells. However, to control and manipulate the number of NPs in a cell, both cellular uptake and excretion must be studied quantitatively. Monitoring the intracellular and extracellular amount of NPs over time (after residual noninternalized NPs have been removed) enables one to disentangle the influences of cell proliferation and exocytosis, the major pathways for the reduction of NPs per cell. Proliferation depends on the type of cells, while exocytosis depends in addition on properties of the NPs, such as their size. Examples are given herein on the role of these two different processes for different cells and NPs. KW - Cell proliferation KW - Exocytosis KW - Gold nanoparticles KW - Quantum dots KW - Fluorescence KW - Uptake studies PY - 2022 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-543476 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40828-021-00159-6 SN - 2199-3793 VL - 8 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-54347 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kang, Y. A1 - Nack, L. A1 - Liu, Y. A1 - Qi, B. A1 - Huang, Y. A1 - Liu, Z. A1 - Chakraborty, I. A1 - Schulz, F. A1 - Ahmed, A. A. A1 - Poveda, M. C. A1 - Hafizi, F. A1 - Roy, S. A1 - Mutas, M. A1 - Holzapfel, M. A1 - Sanchez-Cano, C. A1 - Wegner, Karl David A1 - Feliu, N. A1 - Parak, W. J. T1 - Correction to: Quantitative considerations about the size dependency for cellular entry and excretion of colloidal nanoparticles for different cell types T2 - ChemTexts N2 - We regret to inform that the labels "NPs which remain in endosomes/lysosomes" and "exocytosed NPs" had been erroneously swapped in the sketch on the right side in Figure 2. The corrected Fig. 2 is displayed below. WJP apologizes for this error. KW - Cell proliferation KW - Exocytosis KW - Gold nanoparticles KW - Quantum dots KW - Uptake studies PY - 2022 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-554519 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40828-022-00168-z VL - 8 IS - 17 SP - 1 EP - 2 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-55451 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mi, W. A1 - Josephs, R. D. A1 - Melanson, J. E. A1 - Dai, X. A1 - Wang, Y. A1 - Zhai, R. A1 - Chu, Z. A1 - Fang, X. A1 - Thibeault, M.-P. A1 - Stocks, B. B. A1 - Meija, J. A1 - Bedu, M. A1 - Martos, G. A1 - Westwood, S. A1 - Wielgosz, R. I. A1 - Liu, Q. A1 - Teo, T. L. A1 - Liu, H. A1 - Tan, Y. J. A1 - Öztuğ, M. A1 - Saban, E. A1 - Kinumi, T. A1 - Saikusa, K. A1 - Schneider, Rudolf A1 - Weller, Michael G. A1 - Konthur, Zoltán A1 - Jaeger, Carsten A1 - Quaglia, M. A1 - Mussell, C. A1 - Drinkwater, G. A1 - Giangrande, C. A1 - Vaneeckhoutte, H. A1 - Boeuf, A. A1 - Delatour, V. A1 - Lee, J. E. A1 - O'Connor, G. A1 - Ohlendorf, R. A1 - Henrion, A. A1 - Beltrão, P. J. A1 - Naressi Scapin, S. M. A1 - Sade, Y. B. T1 - PAWG Pilot Study on Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 Monoclonal Antibody - Part 1 JF - Metrologia N2 - Under the auspices of the Protein Analysis Working Group (PAWG) of the Comité Consultatif pour la Quantité de Matière (CCQM) a pilot study, CCQM-P216, was coordinated by the Chinese National Institute of Metrology (NIM), National Research Council of Canada (NRC) and the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). Eleven Metrology Institutes or Designated Institutes and the BIPM participated in the first phase of the pilot study (Part 1). The purpose of this pilot study was to develop measurement capabilities for larger proteins using a recombinant humanized IgG monoclonal antibody against Spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 (Anti-S IgG mAb) in solution. The first phase of the study was designed to employ established methods that had been previously studies by the CCQM Protein Analysis Working Group, involving the digestion of protein down to the peptide or amino acid level. The global coronavirus pandemic has also led to increased focus on antibody quantitation methods. IgG are among the immunoglobulins produced by the immune system to provide protection against SARS-CoV-2. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG can therefore be detected in samples from affected patients. Antibody tests can show whether a person has been exposed to the SARS-CoV-2, and whether or not they potentially show lasting immunity to the disease. With the constant spread of the virus and the high pressure of re-opening economies, antibody testing plays a critical role in the fight against COVID-19 by helping healthcare professionals to identify individuals who have developed an immune response, either via vaccination or exposure to the virus. Many countries have launched large-scale antibody testing for COVID-19. The development of measurement standards for the antibody detection of SARS-CoV-2 is critically important to deal with the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, the SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibody is being used as a model system to build capacity in methods that can be used in antibody quantification. Amino acid reference values with corresponding expanded uncertainty of 36.10 ± 1.55 mg/kg, 38.75 ± 1.45 mg/kg, 18.46 ± 0.78 mg/kg, 16.20 ± 0.67 mg/kg and 30.61 ± 1.30 mg/kg have been established for leucine, valine, phenylalanine, isoleucine and proline, respectively. Agreement between nearly all laboratories was achieved for the amino acid analysis within 2 to 2.5 %, with one participant achieving markedly higher results due to a technical issue found in their procedure; this result was thus excluded from the reference value calculations. The relatively good agreement within a laboratory between different amino acids was not dissimilar to previous results for peptides or small proteins, indicating that factors such as hydrolysis conditions and calibration procedures could be the largest sources of variability. Peptide reference values with corresponding expanded uncertainty of 4.99 ± 0.28 mg/kg and 6.83 ± 0.65 mg/kg have been established for ALPAPIEK and GPSVFPLAPSSK, respectively. Not surprisingly due to prior knowledge from previous studies on peptide quantitation, agreement between laboratories for the peptide-based analysis was slightly poorer at 3 to 5 %, with one laboratory's result excluded for the peptide GPSVFPLAPSSK. Again, this level of agreement was not significantly poorer than that achieved in previous studies with smaller or less complex proteins. To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. KW - Antibody quantification KW - Amino acid analysis KW - Peptide analysis KW - Round robin test PY - 2021 DO - https://doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/59/1a/08001 VL - 59 IS - 1A SP - 08001 AN - OPUS4-54972 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Westwood, S. A1 - Josephs, R. A1 - Choteau, T. A1 - Daireaux, A. A1 - Wielgosz, R. A1 - Davies, S. A1 - Moad, M. A1 - Chan, B. A1 - Munoz, A. A1 - Conneely, P. A1 - Ricci, M. A1 - Do Rego, E.C.P. A1 - Garrido, B.C. A1 - Violante, F.G.M. A1 - Windust, A. A1 - Dai, X. A1 - Huang, T. A1 - Zhang, W. A1 - Su, F. A1 - Quan, C. A1 - Wang, H. A1 - Lo, M. A1 - Wong, W. A1 - Gantois, F. A1 - Lalerle, B. A1 - Dorgerloh, Ute A1 - Koch, Matthias A1 - Klyk-Seitz, Urszula-Anna A1 - Pfeifer, Dietmar A1 - Philipp, Rosemarie A1 - Piechotta, Christian A1 - Recknagel, Sebastian A1 - Rothe, Robert A1 - Yamazaki, T. A1 - Zakaria, O. B. A1 - Castro, E. A1 - Balderas, M. A1 - González, N. A1 - Salazar, C. A1 - Regalado, L. A1 - Valle, E. A1 - Rodríguez, L. A1 - Laguna, L.Á.. A1 - Ramírez, P. A1 - Avila, M. A1 - Ibarra, J. A1 - Valle, L. A1 - Arce, M. A1 - Mitani, Y. A1 - Konopelko, L. A1 - Krylov, A. A1 - Lopushanskaya, E. A1 - Lin, T.T. A1 - Liu, Q. A1 - Kooi, L.T. A1 - Fernandes-Whaley, M. A1 - Prevoo-Franzsen, D. A1 - Nhlapo, N. A1 - Visser, R. A1 - Kim, B. A1 - Lee, H. A1 - Kankaew, P. A1 - Pookrod, P. A1 - Sudsiri, N. A1 - Shearman, K. A1 - Gören, A.C. A1 - Bilsel, G. A1 - Yilmaz, H. A1 - Bilsel, M. A1 - Cergel, M. A1 - Coskun, F.G. A1 - Uysal, E. A1 - Gündüz, S. A1 - Ün, I. A1 - Warren, J. A1 - Bearden, D.W. A1 - Bedner, M. A1 - Duewer, D.L. A1 - Lang, B.E. A1 - Lippa, K.A. A1 - Schantz, M.M. A1 - Sieber, J.R. T1 - Final report on key comparison CCQM-K55.c (L-(+)-Valine): Characterization of organic substances for chemical purity JF - Metrologia N2 - KEY COMPARISON Under the auspices of the Organic Analysis Working Group (OAWG) of the Comité Consultatif pour la Quantité de Matière (CCQM) a key comparison, CCQM K55.c, was coordinated by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) in 2012. Twenty National Measurement Institutes or Designated Institutes and the BIPM participated. Participants were required to assign the mass fraction of valine present as the main component in the comparison sample for CCQM-K55.c. The comparison samples were prepared from analytical grade L-valine purchased from a commercial supplier and used as provided without further treatment or purification. Valine was selected to be representative of the performance of a laboratory's measurement capability for the purity assignment of organic compounds of low structural complexity [molecular weight range 100–300] and high polarity (pKOW > –2). The KCRV for the valine content of the material was 992.0 mg/g with a combined standard uncertainty of 0.3 mg/g. The key comparison reference value (KCRV) was assigned by combination of KCRVs assigned from participant results for each orthogonal impurity class. The relative expanded uncertainties reported by laboratories having results consistent with the KCRV ranged from 1 mg/g to 6 mg/g when using mass balance based approaches alone, 2 mg/g to 7 mg/g using quantitative 1H NMR (qNMR) based approaches and from 1 mg/g to 2.5 mg/g when a result obtained by a mass balance method was combined with a separate qNMR result. The material provided several analytical challenges. In addition to the need to identify and quantify various related amino acid impurities including leucine, isoleucine, alanine and a-amino butyrate, care was required to select appropriate conditions for performing Karl Fischer titration assay for water content to avoid bias due to in situ formation of water by self-condensation under the assay conditions. It also proved to be a challenging compound for purity assignment by qNMR techniques. There was overall excellent agreement between participants in the identification and the quantification of the total and individual related structure impurities, water content, residual solvent and total non-volatile content of the sample. Appropriate technical justifications were developed to rationalise observed discrepancies in the limited cases where methodology differences led to inconsistent results. The comparison demonstrated that to perform a qNMR purity assignment the selection of appropriate parameters and an understanding of their potential influence on the assigned value is critical for reliable implementation of the method, particularly when one or more of the peaks to be quantified consist of complex multiplet signals. PY - 2014 DO - https://doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/51/1A/08010 SN - 0026-1394 SN - 1681-7575 VL - 51 SP - 08010, 1 EP - 44 PB - Inst. of Physics Publ. CY - Bristol AN - OPUS4-31072 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dong, S. A1 - Leng, J. A1 - Feng, Y. A1 - Liu, M. A1 - Stackhouse, C. J. A1 - Schönhals, Andreas A1 - Chiappisi, L. A1 - Gao, L. A1 - Chen, W. A1 - Shang, J. A1 - Jin, L. A1 - Qi, Z. A1 - Schalley, C. A. T1 - Structural water as an essential comonomer in supramolecular polymerization JF - Science Advances N2 - Although the concept of structural water that is bound inside hydrophobic pockets and helps to stabilize protein structures is well established, water has rarely found a similar role in supramolecular polymers. Water is often used as a solvent for supramolecular polymerization, however without taking the role of a comonomer for the supramolecular polymer structure. We report a low–molecular weight monomer whose supramolecular polymerization is triggered by the incorporation of water. The presence of water molecules as comonomers is essential to the polymerization process. The supramolecular polymeric material exhibits strong adhesion to surfaces, such as glass and paper. It can be used as a water-activated glue, which can be released at higher temperatures and reused many times without losing its performance. KW - Supra molecular polymerization PY - 2017 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-432728 DO - https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aao0900 SN - 2375-2548 VL - 3 IS - 11 SP - eaao0900, 1 EP - eaao0900, 8 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science AN - OPUS4-43272 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, X. A1 - Michalchuk, Adam A1 - Bhattacharya, Biswajit A1 - Emmerling, Franziska A1 - Pulham, C. T1 - High-pressure reversibility in a plastically flexible coordination polymer crystal JF - Nature Communications N2 - Single crystals which exhibit mechanical flexibility are promising materials for advanced technological applications. Before such materials can be used, a detailed understanding of the mechanisms of bending is needed. Using single crystal X-ray diffraction and microfocus Raman spectroscopy, we study in atomic detail the high-pressure response of the plastically flexible coordination polymer [Zn(μ-Cl)2(3,5-dichloropyridine)2]n (1). Contradictory to three-point bending, quasi-hydrostatic compression of (1) is completely reversible, even following compression to over 9 GPa. A structural phase transition is observed at ca. 5 GPa. DFT calculations show this transition to result from the pressure-induced softening of low-frequency vibrations. This phase transition is not observed during three-point-bending. Microfocus synchrotron X-ray diffraction revealed that bending yields significant mosaicity, as opposed to compression. Hence, our studies indicate of overall disparate mechanical responses of bulk flexibility and quasi-hydrostatic compression within the same crystal lattice. We suspect this to be a general feature of plastically bendable materials. KW - High pressure KW - Density functional theory KW - Mechanically flexible crystals PY - 2021 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-530360 DO - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24165-x VL - 12 IS - 1 SP - 3871 AN - OPUS4-53036 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Howard-Reed, C. A1 - Liu, Z. A1 - Cox, S. A1 - Little, J. A1 - Horn, Wolfgang A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Wiegner, Katharina A1 - Persily, A. T1 - Inter-laboratory study approach to validate the performance of a prototype reference material for product emissions testing T2 - Indoor Air 2011, 12th International conference on indoor air quality and climate (Proceedings) N2 - Product emissions chamber testing involves a complex protocol with several sources of measurement uncertainty (ASTM, 2010; ISO, 2006). Despite the potential for significant variability in measurement results within and among laboratories, there is no Standard method available to assess the accuracy of emissions chamber test results. Recently, Germany’s Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) started a program to evaluate the performance of laboratories testing for the AgBB (German Committee for Health-related Evaluation of Building Products) labelling scheme (Wilke et al., 2009). Test method validation was conducted through interlaboratory studies (ILS) with over 30 participants. Simultaneously, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Virginia Tech (VT) started a program to develop a series of reference materials that mimic real building products, can be tested in typical emissions chambers, and have independently known emission rates (Cox et al., 2010). BAM, NIST and VT subsequently joined forces to conduct a series of inter-laboratory studies using the prototype reference material. A pilot ILS was conducted with BAM and NIST followed by an expanded ILS with several participating countries. Results from these interlaboratory studies have the potential to define an internationally-accepted Standard approach to validate results from product emissions tests. T2 - Indoor Air 2011, 12th International conference on indoor air quality and climate CY - Austin, TX, USA DA - 05.06.2011 KW - Test method validation KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Product certification PY - 2011 IS - Paper 768 SP - 1 EP - 2 AN - OPUS4-23883 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Q. A1 - Zheng, M. A1 - Huang, Y. A1 - Kunte, Hans-Jörg A1 - Wang, X. A1 - Liu, Y. A1 - Zheng, C. T1 - Long term corrosion estimation of carbon steel, titanium and its alloy in backfill material of compacted bentonite for nuclear waste repository JF - Scientific reports N2 - The container of high-level radioactive waste (HLRW) being in deep geological disposal, the backfill material is needed to serve as the second defense for HLRW and the highly compacted bentonite is generally selected. As the time goes, the underground water will infiltrate the backfill, causing the corrosion of materials for the building of containers in the formed electrolyte. Carbon steel, titanium and its alloy are the potential candidate materials for the fabrication of HLRW containers. The current investigation aims at assessing the safety of HLRW container in deep geological disposal for hundreds of thousands of years and facilitating the material selection for future Container fabrication by estimating their corrosion behavior in compacted bentonite with a series of moisture content at different temperatures through electrochemical methods including open circuit potential (OCP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization curve (PC) measurements. The corrosion rates were estimated for a carbon steel, a pure titanium and a titanium alloy in compacted Gaomiaozi Bentonite infiltrated with simulated underground water in Beishan area of China over an expected disposal period up to 106 years respectively, showing that titanium and its alloy are more reliable materials for building HLRW containers than carbon steel. KW - Issues KW - Disposal KW - Performance KW - Moisture KW - Lifetime KW - Water KW - Model PY - 2019 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-492413 DO - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-39751-9 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 9 SP - 3195 PB - Nature Publishing Group AN - OPUS4-49241 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, C. A1 - Ikeda, Yuki A1 - Maaß, Robert T1 - Strain-dependent shear-band structure in a Zr-based bulk metallic glass JF - Scripta Materialia N2 - This work presents strong evidence for structural damage accumulation as a function of shear strain admitted by shear bands in a Zr-based bulk metallic glass. Analyzing the shear-band structure of shear- band segments that experienced shear strains covering four orders of magnitude with high-angle annular dark field transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) reveals strongly scattered data with on overall trend of increasing local volume dilatation with increasing shear strain. Locally, however, a variety of trends is observed, which underlines the strong heterogeneity of structural damage in shear bands in metallic glasses. KW - Transmission electron microscopy KW - Metallic glass KW - Shear bands KW - Shear-band structure KW - Shear strain PY - 2021 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2020.08.030 VL - 190 SP - 75 EP - 79 PB - Elsevier Ltd. AN - OPUS4-52454 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -