TY - JOUR A1 - Gollnow, C. A1 - Griesche, Axel A1 - Weidemann, Jens A1 - Kannengießer, Thomas T1 - Influence of external loads on a characteristic angle between grains and solidus line as an indicator for hot cracking susceptibility during GTA welding N2 - A long list of criteria determining the hot cracking susceptibility already exists. A main influence on solidification cracking can result from the design of the welded construction, i.e. from the influence of external loads. Using the Controlled Tensile Weldability (CTW) test, an external load hot cracking test, the influence of constant pre-load and different extension rates on the solidification cracking behavior of GTA (Gas Tungsten Arc) welds in an austenitic (AISI 309) and a ferritic (AISI 441) steel were investigated. Compared to specimens welded allowing free shrinkage and welded with an applied constant tensile pre-load, the specimens welded during the application of increasing tensile load show solidification cracks. In the weld seams, a characteristic angle α between the predominantly columnar grains and the fusion line can be observed. Specimens showing solidification cracks show a significantly larger angle α compared to the crack-free specimens. Based on these observations, the characteristic angle α is proposed as a new hot cracking criterion. KW - Hot cracking KW - External load test KW - Component design KW - Crack criterion KW - Grain growth PY - 2017 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.08.013 VL - 239 SP - 172 EP - 177 PB - Elsevier AN - OPUS4-37278 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Gollnow, C. A1 - Kannengießer, Thomas ED - Böllinghaus, Thomas ED - Lippold, J. E. ED - Cross, C. E. T1 - Consideration of welding-specific component design on solidification crack initiation N2 - A commonly used way of minimizing the occurrence of hot cracks, especially solidification cracks during component welding, is mainly to analyse and vary process parameters such as welding speed and consequently the heat input. Metallurgy and component design are however hardly ever considered due to special production requirements and therefore, restricted flexibility in material selection and design. Such conditions, especially crack-critical welding positions are given by slot-welds or welds near pre-deformed areas, for instance bending edges. Hence, it follows that increased local and global residual component stress caused cracking on reaching a solidification crack critical level, which is characterised by solidification crack initiation. T2 - 4th International Workshop Cracking Phenomena in Welds CY - BAM, Berlin, Germany DA - 02.04.2014 KW - solidification cracks PY - 2016 SN - 978-3-319-28432-3 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28434-7_6 SP - 101 EP - 117 PB - Springer International Publishing CY - Cham, Switzerland AN - OPUS4-36567 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -