TY - JOUR A1 - Fuß, Oliver A1 - Molnarne, Maria A1 - Schröder, Volkmar A1 - Schönbucher, A. T1 - Sauerstoffgrenzkonzentrationen von brennbaren Gasen und Dämpfen PY - 2003 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.200390000 SN - 0009-286X SN - 1522-2640 VL - 75 IS - 1-2 SP - 101 EP - 104 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-2287 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fuß, Oliver A1 - Molnarne, Maria A1 - Schröder, Volkmar A1 - Schönbucher, A. T1 - Determination of new group contributions to calculate limiting oxygen concentrations PY - 2003 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.200390065 SN - 0930-7516 SN - 1521-4125 VL - 26 IS - 4 SP - 428 EP - 433 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-2482 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Holtappels, Kai A1 - Dietlen, Siegmund A1 - Schröder, Volkmar A1 - Brinkmann, Ch. A1 - Stickling, J. A1 - Schönbucher, A. T1 - Measurement and prediction of the inert gas influence on explosion limits for ethylene/nitrogen/air- and ethylene/carbon dioxide/air-mixtures at elevated pressures PY - 2001 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-4125(200112)24:12<1263::AID-CEAT1263>3.0.CO;2-L SN - 0930-7516 SN - 1521-4125 VL - 24 IS - 12 SP - 1263 EP - 1267 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-1223 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Holtappels, Kai A1 - Brinkmann, C. A1 - Stickling, J. A1 - Schönbucher, A. T1 - Simulation des Fremdgaseinflusses auf sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen von Ethin mit dem Modell EPSIM T2 - Bunsentagung 2002 ; Industrie-Symposium Industrielle Anwendungen der NMR: Struktur und Dynamik ; 101. Hauptversammlung der Deutschen Bunsen-Gesellschaft für Physikalische Chemie CY - Potsdam, Germany DA - 2002-05-09 PY - 2002 IS - 101 SP - P125 EP - P126 CY - Potsdam AN - OPUS4-1533 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Holtappels, Kai A1 - Brinkmann, Ch. A1 - Schönbucher, A. T1 - Simulation des Fremdgaseinflusses auf die Stabilitätsgrenzdrücke von C2H2 mit dem Modell EPSIM PY - 2002 SN - 0009-286X SN - 1522-2640 VL - 74. IS - 5 SP - 615 EP - 616 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-1534 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Holtappels, Kai A1 - Dietlen, Siegmund A1 - Schulze, Heinz-Peter A1 - Stickling, J. A1 - Schönbucher, A. T1 - Experimentelle Bestimmung des Inert- und Brenngaseinflusses auf die Stabilitätsgrenzdrücke von Ethin PY - 2003 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.200303192 SN - 0009-286X SN - 1522-2640 VL - 75 IS - 7 SP - 909 EP - 912 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-2611 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Holtappels, Kai A1 - Dietlen, Siegmund A1 - Brinkmann, C. A1 - Stickling, J. A1 - Schönbucher, A. T1 - Prediction and measurement of the inert gas influence on explosion limits for industrial used gas/air-mixtures especially at elevated pressures T2 - 3rd ECCE ; 3rd European Congress of Chemical Engineering ; 618th [Event of the European Federation of Chemical Engineering] CY - Nuremberg, Germany DA - 2001-06-26 PY - 2001 SP - 1 EP - 28 PB - DECHEMA] CY - [Frankfurt am Main AN - OPUS4-1125 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Holtappels, Kai A1 - Brinkmann, C. A1 - Stickling, J. A1 - Schönbucher, A. T1 - Simulation des Inertgaseinflusses auf Explosionsgrenzen auch bei nicht-atmosphärischen Bedingungen am Beispiel von Alkane/Luft-Gasgemischen T2 - 20. Deutscher Flammentag CY - Essen, Deutschland DA - 2001-09-04 PY - 2001 SN - 3-18-091629-X SN - 0083-5560 N1 - Serientitel: VDI-Berichte – Series title: VDI-Berichte IS - 1629 SP - 545 EP - 550 PB - VDI-Verl. CY - Düsseldorf AN - OPUS4-1092 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Holtappels, Kai A1 - Brinkmann, C. A1 - Stickling, J. A1 - Schönbucher, A. A1 - Dietlen, Siegmund T1 - Simulation des Inertgaseinflusses auf Explosionsgrenzen am Beispiel von Alkene/Luft-Gasgemischen T2 - Bunsentagung 2001 ; 100. Hauptversammlung der Deutschen Bunsen-Gesellschaft für Physikalische Chemie ; Industriesymposium Modelling und Simulation in der chemischen Industrie CY - Stuttgart, Deutschland DA - 2001-05-24 PY - 2001 SN - 0936-9376 IS - 100, D120 SP - 1(?) EP - 12(?) CY - Frankfurt am Main AN - OPUS4-1093 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Holtappels, Kai A1 - Dietlen, Siegmund A1 - Schröder, Volkmar A1 - Brinkmann, Ch. A1 - Stickling, J. A1 - Schönbucher, A. T1 - Messung und Simulation des Inertgaseinflusses auf Explosionsgrenzen bei erhöhten Anfangsdrücken KW - Explosionsgrenzen KW - Druck KW - Experimentelles KW - Simulation KW - Inertgaseinfluß PY - 2001 SN - 0009-286X SN - 1522-2640 VL - 73 IS - 3 SP - 270 EP - 274 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-1103 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Holtappels, Kai A1 - Brinkmann, C. A1 - Stickling, J. A1 - Schönbucher, A. T1 - Inertgaseinfluss auf Explosionsgrenzen am Beispiel von Ethen/Luft-Gasgemischen - Experimentelle Bestimmung und Simulation T2 - Osterkolloquium CY - Duisburg, Deutschland DA - 2001-04-24 PY - 2001 SP - 1(?) EP - 13(?) AN - OPUS4-1104 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Holtappels, Kai A1 - Schönbucher, A. T1 - Inert Gas and Fuel Gas Influence on the Pressure Limits of Stability of Acetylene PY - 2003 SN - 0930-7516 SN - 1521-4125 VL - 26 IS - 11 SP - 1142 EP - 1146 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-2782 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schälike, Stefan A1 - Mishra, Kirti Bhushan A1 - Malow, Marcus A1 - Berger, Anka A1 - Wehrstedt, Klaus-Dieter A1 - Schönbucher, A. ED - Pierucci, S. ED - Klemes, J.J. ED - De Rademaeker, E. ED - Fabiano, B. ED - Buratti, S.S. T1 - Mass burning rate of a large TBPB pool fire - experimental study and modeling N2 - Data and prediction for the mass burning rate of a tert-butyl-peroxy-benzoat (TBPB) pool fire (pool diameter = 3 m) is presented. The mass burning rates of TBPB fires are up to six times higher and less dependent on pool diameter compared to hydrocarbon pool fires caused by an additional heat release rate due to exothermic decomposition reaction in the liquid phase. This heat release rate is calculated using a 1st order reaction kinetic obtained from micro calorimetric measurements. A new model is derived considering the heat release rate due to the decomposition reaction which is shown to be 100 % of the heat release rate radiated to the pool surface. With the presented model, including also physical quantities, especially the limiting fuel concentration for upward flame propagation, it is possible to predict the mass burning rates of large TBPB pool fires. The predicted values are in very good agreement with the experiments. T2 - 14th International symposium on loss prevention and safety promotion in the process industries CY - Florence, Italy DA - 12.05.2013 KW - Mass burning rate KW - TBPB (tert-butyl-peroxy benzoat) KW - Pool fire KW - Experimental study KW - Modeling PY - 2013 SN - 978-88-95608-22-8 DO - https://doi.org/10.3303/CET1331143 SN - 1974-9791 N1 - Serientitel: Chemical engineering transactions – Series title: Chemical engineering transactions IS - 31 SP - 853 EP - 858 PB - AIDIC, Associazione Italiana di Ingegneria Chimica CY - Milano AN - OPUS4-28501 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schälike, Stefan A1 - Wehrstedt, Klaus-Dieter A1 - Schönbucher, A. ED - Rademaeker, E. D. T1 - Flame heights of di-tert-butyl peroxide pool fires - experimental study and modelling T2 - CISAP5 - 5th International Conference on Safety and Environment in Process and Power Industry CY - Milan, Italy DA - 2012-06-03 KW - Pool fire KW - Di-tert-butyl peroxide KW - Flame height KW - Froude number correlation PY - 2012 SN - 978-88-95608-17-4 SN - 1974-9791 N1 - Serientitel: Chemical engineering transactions – Series title: Chemical engineering transactions IS - 26 SP - 363 EP - 368 PB - Assoziatione Italiana di Ingegneria Chimica CY - Milano AN - OPUS4-26012 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schälike, Stefan A1 - Chun, Hyunjoo A1 - Mishra, Kirti Bhushan A1 - Wehrstedt, Klaus-Dieter A1 - Schönbucher, A. T1 - Mass burning rates of di-tert-butyl peroxide pool fires - experimental study and modeling N2 - Data and predictions for the mass burning rates of di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP) pool fires (0.003 m < pool diameter < 3 m) are presented. The mass burning rates of DTBP fires are up to five times higher and are less dependent on pool diameter compared to hydrocarbon pool fires caused by an additional heat release rate due to exothermic decomposition reaction in the liquid phase. This heat release rate is calculated using a first-order reaction kinetic obtained from microcalorimetric measurements. A new model is derived considering the heat release rate due to the decomposition reaction, which is shown to be 40% of the heat release rate radiated to the pool surface. With the presented model, which also includes physical quantities, especially the limiting fuel concentration for upward flame propagation, it is possible to predict the mass burning rates of large DTBP pool fires. The predicted values are in very good agreement with the experiments. KW - Di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP) KW - Exothermic decomposition reaction KW - Mass burning rate KW - Pool fire PY - 2013 DO - https://doi.org/10.1080/00102202.2012.726664 SN - 0010-2202 SN - 1563-521X VL - 185 IS - 3 SP - 408 EP - 419 PB - Gordon and Breach CY - New York, NY AN - OPUS4-27902 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schälike, Stefan A1 - Mishra, Kirti Bhushan A1 - Wehrstedt, Klaus-Dieter A1 - Schönbucher, A. T1 - Experimentelle Untersuchung der Massenabbrandraten multipler n-Heptan und Di-tert-butylperoxid Poolfeuer N2 - Es werden Experimente zur Bestimmung der Massenabbrandraten von multiplen Poolfeuern präsentiert. Als Modellsubstanzen dienen n-Heptan und Di-tert-butylperoxid (DTBP). Es werden Versuche im Labormaßstab mit Durchmessern von d = 6 cm und relativen Abständen von 0.08 ≤ D/d ≤ 4 beschrieben und durch Feldversuche mit Pooldurchmessern d = 1.5 m und relativen Abständen zwischen den Pool von 0.17 ≤ D/d ≤ 1 ergänzt. Es kann gezeigt werden, dass die Massenabbrandraten multipler Feuer im Vergleich zu Einzelfeuern mit gleicher Brennstoffoberfläche bis zu einem Faktor 5.9 (n-Heptan) und 1.6 (DTBP) erhöht sind. Die Erhöhung ist abhängig vom relativen Abstand zwischen den Pools D, der Anzahl der Pools N und vom jeweiligen Brennstoff und zeigt ein lokales Maximum, welches mit dem Merging-Bereich der Flammenverschmelzung zusammenfällt. Die Massenabbrandrate als Funktion des relativen Abstandes zwischen den Pools kann durch eine Vergrößerung der Flammenbodenoberfläche infolge Flammenverschmelzung erklärt werden. T2 - 3. Magdeburger Brand- und Explosionsschutztag / vfdb-Workshop CY - Magdeburg, Germany DA - 22.03.2013 KW - Multiple Poolfeuer KW - Massenabbrandraten KW - n-Heptan KW - DTBP PY - 2013 SN - 978-3-00-041601-9 SP - 1 EP - 11 AN - OPUS4-27982 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schälike, Stefan A1 - Mishra, Kirti Bhushan A1 - Wehrstedt, Klaus-Dieter A1 - Schönbucher, A. T1 - Limiting distances for flame merging of multiple n-heptane and di-tert-butyl peroxide pool fires N2 - Experiments to determine the limiting distances for flame merging of multiple pool fires are presented. As model substances n-heptane and di-tert-butyl peroxide are used. Laboratory scale tests with a Diameter d = 6 cm and relative distances between the pools of 0.08 ≤ D/d ≤ 4 are described and complemented with field experiments with a diameter d = 1.5 m and relative distances between the pools of 0.17 ≤ D/d ≤ 1. Three regions for flame merging are observed and limiting distances are determined. A merging Region with the limiting distance Dmerg/d within which all flames merge together over the complete burning time. A transition region with the limiting distance Dtran/d within which some flames merge together while other flames are separated from each other. A separated region within which all flames are completely separated from each other. A correlation against the number of burning pools is presented to predict the limiting distances Dmerg/d und Dtran/d. T2 - ICheaP-11 - 11th International conference on chemical & process engineering CY - Milan, Italy DA - 02.06.2013 KW - Multiple fires KW - Flame merging KW - Mass burning rate KW - Limiting distances KW - Pool fire KW - Experimental study KW - Di-tert-butyl peroxide PY - 2013 SN - 978-88-95608-23-5 DO - https://doi.org/10.3303/CET1332021 SN - 1974-9791 N1 - Serientitel: Chemical engineering transactions – Series title: Chemical engineering transactions IS - 32 SP - 121 EP - 126 PB - AIDIC, Associazione Italiana di Ingegneria Chimica CY - Milan AN - OPUS4-28646 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Mishra, Kirti Bhushan A1 - Wehrstedt, Klaus-Dieter A1 - Schönbucher, A. T1 - Interpretations of temperature measurements in organic peroxide pool fires N2 - Most of the measurements of temperatures in large pool fires are indirect and present a number of complexities due to the interactions of convection, radiation and soot blockage. In the present work these influences for two organic peroxide [tert-butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) and tert-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate (TBPEH)] pool fires are analysed. Thermocouple measured temperature in the clear flame zone i.e. combustion zone are found to be 250-400 K lower than from the thermographic measurements. The convective and radiative heat flux contributions from the fire on temperature measurements are discussed. CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulations have been performed for large pool fires and the predicted time averaged flame temperatures were found to be in qualitative agreement with measurements due to the stoichiometric combustion model used in the present simulations. T2 - 5th European combustion meeting 2011 CY - Cardiff, UK DA - 28.06.2011 KW - Pool fire KW - Organic peroxides KW - TBPB KW - TBPEH KW - CFD KW - Temperature measurement PY - 2011 UR - http://www.uni-due.de/tchem/as/skripte/paper_mishra_et_al_cardiff_2011.pdf SP - 1 EP - 5 AN - OPUS4-24686 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schälike, Stefan A1 - Wehrstedt, Klaus-Dieter A1 - Schönbucher, A. T1 - CFD simulation to predict the thermal radiation of large LNG pool fires N2 - Flame temperature (T), surface emissive power (SEP) of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) pool fires (d = 1 m, 6.1 m, 30 m) are investigated by CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation and compared with experimental results. Time averaged flame temperatures of T = 1320 K, T = 1298 K and T = 1281 K are obtained. Surface emissive power (SEP) of 55 kW=m2, 130 kW=m2 and 230 kW=m2 are predicted. T2 - 5th European combustion meeting 2011 CY - Cardiff, UK DA - 28.06.2011 KW - Pool fire KW - LNG KW - CFD KW - Thermal radiation KW - Surface emissive power PY - 2011 SP - 1 EP - 6 AN - OPUS4-24687 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schönbucher, A. A1 - Schälike, Stefan T1 - Pool fires and spill fires KW - Pool fires KW - Spill fires KW - Soot KW - Heat transfer KW - Modeling PY - 2012 SN - 978-3527306732 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/14356007.q20_q05 IS - Chapter 2.3 SP - 47 EP - 60 PB - Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA CY - Weinheim ET - 8th Ed. AN - OPUS4-27635 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -