TY - GEN A1 - Ballast, H. A1 - Ballenweg, R. A1 - Bordin, P. A1 - Buhn, J. A1 - Hahn, M. A1 - Schalau, Bernd A1 - Schönbucher, A. A1 - Seifert, U. A1 - Westphal, F. A1 - Wörsdörfer, K. ED - Pfeil, N. T1 - Quelltermberechnung bei störungsbedingten Stoff- und Energiefreisetzungen in der Prozessindustrie - Methodenübersicht und industrielle Anwendung KW - SEVESO III-Richtlinie KW - Störfall-Verordnung KW - Störausfallwirkungsbetrachtung PY - 2012 UR - http://www.processnet.org/index.php?id=3900&site=processnet_media SN - 978-3-89746-135-2 IS - Statuspapier SP - 1 EP - 238 PB - DECHEMA CY - Frankfurt/M. AN - OPUS4-26983 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schälike, Stefan A1 - Wehrstedt, Klaus-Dieter A1 - Gawlowski, M. A1 - Schönbucher, A. T1 - Validation of submodels for CFD simulation of n-hexane pool flames including interferometry N2 - Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation is used to predict transient and time-averaged glame temperatures and species concentrations of an n-hexane pool flame. Employing a combination of an assumed probability density function approach with laminar flamelets using detailed kinetic data and large-eddy simulation with Smagorinsky submodel is shown to be a promising way in modeling pool and tank fires. The measured species concentration and flame temperature profiles from gas chromatography, thermocouple measurements and holographic interferometry are used to validate the submodels for CFD simulation of pool flames. KW - Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) KW - Interferometry KW - Large eddy simulation (LES) KW - Non-premixed flame KW - Pool fire PY - 2012 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.201100179 SN - 0009-286X SN - 1522-2640 VL - 84 IS - 4 SP - 484 EP - 490 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-25418 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schälike, Stefan A1 - Mishra, Kirti Bhushan A1 - Ziemann, Sylvia A1 - Wehrstedt, Klaus-Dieter A1 - Schönbucher, A. ED - Beyer, M. ED - Stolz, T. T1 - Massenabbrandraten organischer Peroxide unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der thermischen Stabilität N2 - Die Flüssigkeitstemperatur Temperatur in der flüssigen Phase unmittelbar im Grenzbereich zur Gasphase während eines Abbrandes organischer Peroxide überschreitet die Onset-Temperatur der beginnenden exothermen Zersetzungsreaktion des Peroxids, so dass diese zu berücksichtigen ist. Für die Peroxide Di-tert-butyl-Peroxid (DTBP) und tert-butyl-peroxybenzoat (TBPB) muss daher bei der Berechnung des Wärmerückstromes ein zusätzlicher Term für die Zersetzung in der Flüssigkeit additiv ergänzt werden. Der Umsatz der Zersetzungsreaktion wird unter den Bedingungen eines CSTR modelliert und erfolgt auf Basis einer Reaktionskinetik 1. Ordnung. Es kann gezeigt werden, dass der Wärmestrom in einem DTBP-Poolfeuer ≈ 40 % und einem TBPB-Poolfeuer ≈ 100 % des Wärmerückstromes durch Wärmestrahlung entspricht. Durch Q-Punkt-d können die vergleichsweise hohen Massenabbrandraten und die relative Unabhängigkeit der Massenabbrandraten vom Pooldurchmesser erklärt werden. Über eine Energiebilanz wird ein Modell basierend auf physikalischen Parametern entwickelt, das die Massenabbrandraten großer Poolfeuer, in sehr guter Übereinstimmung mit den experimentellen Ergebnissen, vorhersagt. T2 - 13. BAM-PTB-Kolloquium zur chemischen und physikalischen Sicherheitstechnik CY - Braunschweig, Germany DA - 18.06.2013 KW - Poolfeuer KW - Massenabbrandrate KW - Organische Peroxide KW - Thermische Stabilität KW - Onset-Temperatur PY - 2013 SN - 978-3-95606-062-5 DO - https://doi.org/10.7795/210.20130801E SN - 1868-5838 SP - 40 EP - 47 AN - OPUS4-29815 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Schönbucher, A. A1 - Wehrstedt, Klaus-Dieter A1 - Bockhorn, H. A1 - Schälike, Stefan A1 - Sebbar, N. T1 - Abschätzung des Gefahrenpotentials von wechselwirkenden Bränden beim Umgang mit entzündbaren und selbst zersetzlichen Flüssigkeiten in verfahrenstechnischen Anlagen - Schlussbericht zu dem IGF-Vorhaben Nr. 396 N2 - Mechanical drop test scenarios for Type B (U) packages according to the IAEA regulations have to be carried out onto the so-called “unyielding target” (usually with cask impact limiters) and onto the puncture bar respectively. They are predefined and do not require any further investigation of scenarios that really could happen on transportation routes. Cask accident scenarios in the framework of approval procedures for interim storage sites are derived from a detailed analysis of the handling procedures necessary from arrival of cask at the site to its storing position. In that case, casks are usually handled without impact limiters. Dependent on possible drop heights, drop positions and floor properties, conservative cask accident scenarios are derived for further safety proofs. According to the mechanical assessment concept of the considered approval procedure numerical calculations have to be provided by the applicant to demonstrate mechanical cask safety. Stresses and strains in the cask body as well as in the lid System have to be identified and assessed. Using the example of a 3-mvertical-drop of a transport and storage cask for spent fuel elements onto the floor construction made of damping concrete covered by screed, BAM developed a finite element model. The finite element code ABAQUS/Explicit™ was used. Results of experimental investigations are not available. Therefore parameter studies are necessary to identify the sensitivity of the finite element model to significant Parameters and to verify the finite element models according to the requirements of the Guidelines for the Numerical Safety Analyses for the Approval of Transport and Storage Casks for Radioactive Materials (BAM GGR-008). The paper describes the modeling of the material behavior and attachment of bottom side cask components. Questions concerning the modeling of a crack length limiting reinforcement in the screed layer are discussed. The influence of the mesh density of the screed layer and its strength is considered as well. Finally, the developed finite element model can be used for a numerical safety assessment. It can help to understand the complex mechanisms of the interaction between the cask components and floor construction. PY - 2014 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-317195 DO - https://doi.org/10.13140/2.1.4328.1928 SP - 1 EP - 47 PB - DECHEMA CY - Frankfurt am Main AN - OPUS4-31719 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hailwood, M. A1 - Gawlowski, M. A1 - Schalau, Bernd A1 - Schönbucher, A. T1 - Conclusions drawn from the Buncefield and Naples incidents regarding the utilization of consequence models KW - Blast wave KW - Case histories KW - Consequence models KW - Pool fires KW - Thermal radiation KW - Vapor cloud explosions (VCE) PY - 2009 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.200800595 SN - 0930-7516 SN - 1521-4125 VL - 32 IS - 2 SP - 207 EP - 231 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-19065 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chun, H. A1 - Wehrstedt, Klaus-Dieter A1 - Vela, I. A1 - Schönbucher, A. T1 - Thermal radiation of di-tert-butyl peroxide pool fires - Experimental investigation and CFD simulation KW - Di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP) pool fire KW - CFD simulation KW - Flame emission temperature KW - Surface emissive power (SEP) KW - Irradiance PY - 2009 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.12.088 SN - 0304-3894 VL - 167 SP - 105 EP - 113 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-19598 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mishra, Kirti Bhushan A1 - Wehrstedt, Klaus-Dieter A1 - Schönbucher, A. T1 - Numerical prediction of safety distances from large pool fires of organic peroxides N2 - Organic peroxides are energetic substances liable to decompose due to exothermic reactions when exposed to uncontrolled temperature, contamination, confinement and quantity. Their safe storage and transportation are the prime concern and chemical industries and regulating authorities. Their accidental release may and most often lead to shape of a pool. In present study, safety distances from such large pool fires (diameter d = 3.4 m) of organic peroxides are numerically predicted by solving the reactive, 3-D time dependent Navier-Stokes equations with reliable assumptions. The present model is validated against the data on buoyant turbulent diffusion flames. The safety distances predicted by simulation assume three regions in a fully developed fire i.e. hot spot, luminous zone and a flame surface. The time averaged data of temperatures of these regions lead to better estimation of irradiances against the measured data. A developed sphere analogy method (for a special class of organic peroxides) for maximum surface emissive power prediction is also verified. T2 - 40th International annual conference of ICT - Energetic Materials - Characterisation, Modelling and Validation CY - Karlsruhe, Germany DA - 2009-06-23 KW - Organic peroxides KW - Safety distances KW - Navier-stokes equations KW - Irradiance KW - Surface emissive power PY - 2009 SN - 0722-4087 SP - 88-1 - 88-14 PB - DWS Werbeagentur und Verlag GmbH CY - Pfinztal (Berghausen) AN - OPUS4-19599 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vela, I. A1 - Chun, Hyunjoo A1 - Mishra, Kirti Bhushan A1 - Gawlowski, M. A1 - Sudhoff, P. A1 - Rudolph, Michael A1 - Wehrstedt, Klaus-Dieter A1 - Schönbucher, A. T1 - Vorhersage der thermischen Strahlung großer Kohlenwasserstoff- und Peroxid-Poolfeuer mit CFD Simulation KW - CFD Simulation KW - Poolfeuer KW - JP-4 KW - Kerosin KW - Di-tert-butylperoxid KW - Thermische Strahlung PY - 2009 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10010-009-0094-3 SN - 0015-7899 SN - 1434-0860 VL - 73 IS - 2 SP - 87 EP - 97 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-19531 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mishra, Kirti Bhushan A1 - Wehrstedt, Klaus-Dieter A1 - Schönbucher, A. ED - Suter, G. ED - de Rademaeker, E. T1 - Characterization of large pool fires of organic compounds containing oxygen atoms T2 - 13th International symposium on loss prevention and safety promotion in the process industries CY - Brugge, Belgium DA - 2010-06-06 KW - Pool fire KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Alcohols KW - Ketones KW - Organic peroxides KW - Fire characteristics PY - 2010 SN - 978-90-76019-291 VL - I SP - 365 EP - 372 CY - Brugge, Belgium AN - OPUS4-21552 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schönbucher, A. A1 - Gawlowski, M. A1 - Hailwood, M. A1 - Schalau, Bernd A1 - Vela, I. T1 - Bisherige Analyse des Buncefield-Ereignisses - Sind neue Konsequenzmodelle erforderlich? T2 - 9. Fachtagung - Anlagen-, Arbeits- und Umweltsicherheit CY - Köthen, Deutschland DA - 2008-11-06 KW - Störfallsimulationen KW - Störfall-Verordnung PY - 2008 SN - 978-3-89746-099-7 SP - 1 EP - 54 PB - VDI, Hallescher Bezirksverein CY - Halle AN - OPUS4-19265 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -