TY - THES A1 - Wolff, Timo T1 - Referenzprobenfreie quantitative Mikro-Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse N2 - Die Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse (RFA) ist ein Standardverfahren in der zerstörungsfreien Elementanalyse. Die Entwicklung von Polykapillaroptiken und von SDD-Halbleiterdetektoren, die ohne Stickstoff-Kühlung auskommen, ermöglicht eine breite Anwendung dieses Verfahrens z. B. in der Kunst- und Kulturgutanalyse. Die dafür entwickelten Spektrometer sind mobil und bieten die Möglichkeit der Analyse von kleinen Strukturen, da Untersuchungs- flächen mit Durchmessern von 10-70 ¹m erzeugt werden. Für quantitative RFA-Ergebnisse werden in den meisten Anwendungsfällen referenzprobenbasierte Auswertungsverfahren eingesetzt. Aufgrund von Absorptionsprozessen in der Probenmatrix ist die Genauigkeit und Verlässlichkeit der ermittelten Konzentrationen dabei stark von der Ähnlichkeit von Referenz- und Untersuchungsprobe abhängig. Liegen keine geeigneten Referenzmaterialien vor, stellt die „Fundamental Parameter (FP) Methode“ eine Alternative dar. Dabei werden die bei der Erzeugung und Detektion auftretenden Wechselwirkungen mit Hilfe geeigneter Datenbanken mathematisch beschrieben. In einem Iterationsverfahren können auf diese Weise die Elementkonzentrationen ermittelt werden. Voraussetzung ist eine genaue Kenntnis der Spektrometerparameter, u. a. der spektralen Verteilung der Anregungsstrahlung. Da durch die Transmissionseigenschaften der Polykapillaroptiken die gut beschriebenen Röntgenröhrenspektren erheblich verändert werden, war eine Anwendung der FP-Methode für die Mikro-RFA bisher nicht möglich. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die Transmission dieser Optik in einer Weise zu beschreiben, die eine routinemäßige Quantifizierung auf Basis der fundamentalen Parameter möglich ist. Die notwendigen Untersuchungen erfolgten an einem kommerziellen Mikro-RFA-Spektrometer, das für die Analyse im Kunst- und Kulturgutbereich entwickelt wurde. Zum einen wurden im Rahmen der Arbeit umfangreiche Charakterisierungsmessungen an der zum Spektrometer gehörenden Linse durchgeführt, um die grundsätzlichen Prozesse bei Strahlungstransport in Polykapillarlinsen besser zu verstehen. Dabei wurde besonders auf den Einfluss messungsbedingter Artefakte bei der Bestimmung der Linsenparameter geachtet. Zusätzlich wurden an Polykapillarhalblinsen Charakterisierungsuntersuchungen am Rasterelektronenmikroskop und mit Synchrotronstrahlung durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse ergänzen die Erkenntnisse der Volllinsencharakterisierung, insbesondere den starken Einfluss der Messbedingungen auf die ermittelten Parameter. Zum anderen wurde ein neues Kalibrierungsverfahren entwickelt, welches die Beschreibung der Linsentransmission ohne vorherige Linsencharakterisierung ermöglicht. Das Verfahren wurde an zertifizierten Referenzmaterialien getestet. An verschiedenen Anwendungen aus dem Bereich der Archäometrie werden schließlich Quantifizierungsergebnisse präsentiert, so z. B. die Analyseergebnisse antiker römische Kupfermünzen, die im Rahmen eines Methodenvergleiches auch mit PIXE und Synchrotron- RFA untersucht wurden sowie Untersuchungsergebnisse historischer Pergamente und Schreibmaterialien. N2 - X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) is a standard method for non-destructive investigations. Due to the development of polycapillary optics and SDDdetectors requiring no cooling with liquid nitrogen, XRF becomes a suitable method for a large number of applications, e. g. for the analysis of objects in arts and archaeology. Spectrometers developed for those purposes allow investigations outside of laboratories und provide excitation areas with diameters of 10-70 μm. In most applications, quantification of XRF data is realized by the usage of standard reference materials. Due to absorption processes in the samples the accuracy of the results depends strongly on the similarity of the sample and the reference standard. In cases where no suitable references are available, quantification can be done based on the “fundamental parameter (fp) Method”. This quantification procedure is based on a set of equations describing the fluorescence production and detection mathematical. The cross sections for the interaction of x-rays with matter can be taken from different databases. During an iteration process the element concentrations can be determined. Quantitative XRF based on fundamental parameters requires an accurate knowledge of the excitation spectrum. In case of a conventional setup this spectrum is given by the X-ray tube spectrum and can be calculated. The use of polycapillary optics in micro-XRF spectrometers changes the spectral distribution of the excitation radiation. For this reason it is necessary to access the transmission function of the used optic. The aim of this work is to find a procedure to describe this function for routine quantification based on fundamental parameters. Most of the measurements have been carried out using a commercial spectrometer developeded for applications in arts and archaeology. On the one hand the parameters of the lens, used in the spectrometer, have been investigated by different experimental characterization measurements. Especially the influence of measurement artifacts on the determined parameters was studied intensively. In addition polycapillary halflenses were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and synchrotron radiation. On the other hand a new calibration procedure has been developed allowing the user to determine the lens-transmission without changing the experimental setup. The quality of the determined excitation spectrum was verified by a conventional calibration with different standards and by comparing calculated concentration of measured standards with certified values. Finally different examples for applications in archeometry are presented. For example the quantification results of measurements on ancient roman copper coins can be compared with results from PIXE- and synchrotron-XRF-measurements. Further the results of the investigation of ancient parchment and writing materials are shown. T3 - BAM Dissertationsreihe - 50 KW - Mikro-Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse KW - Archäometrie KW - zerstörungsfreie Analytik KW - Polykapillarlinse KW - quantitative RFA PY - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-1088 SN - 978-3-9812910-6-3 SN - 1613-4249 VL - 50 SP - 1 EP - 212 PB - Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-108 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Kanngießer, B. A1 - Wilke, M. A1 - Malzer, W. A1 - Nektat, B. A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Erko, A. T1 - Influence of Restoration Treatments on Ink Corroded Manuscripts KW - Synchrotron infrared radiation KW - FTIR KW - Organic materials KW - Archaeometry KW - Cultural heritage PY - 2005 UR - http://www.helmholtz-berlin.de/media/media/oea/web/pr_webseite/druckschriften/berichte/bessy/annualreport2004.pdf#page=361 SN - 0179-4159 SP - 361 EP - 363 PB - Berliner Elektronenspeicherring-Gesellschaft für Synchrotronstrahlung CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-7415 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Bartoll, Jens A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Schade, U. T1 - Analysis of binding media in cross sections using synchrotron infrared radiation KW - Synchrotron infrared radiation KW - FTIR KW - Organic materials KW - Archaeometry KW - Cultural heritage PY - 2005 UR - http://www.helmholtz-berlin.de/media/media/oea/web/pr_webseite/druckschriften/berichte/bessy/annualreport2004.pdf#page=357 SN - 0179-4159 SP - 357 EP - 358 PB - Berliner Elektronenspeicherring-Gesellschaft für Synchrotronstrahlung CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-7416 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Malzer, W. A1 - Waldschläger, U. A1 - Kanngießer, B. T1 - Characterisation of microspot excitation for quantitation in X-ray fluorescence analysis with X-ray tubes T2 - EXRS 2006 CY - Paris, France DA - 2006-06-19 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-13236 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Kanngießer, B. A1 - Malzer, W. A1 - Wilke, M. A1 - Nekat, B. T1 - Investigation of oxidation and migration process of inorganic compounds in ink corroded manuscripts T2 - Symposium (Transition) metals in paper and preventive conservation CY - The Hague, Netherlands DA - 2004-09-17 PY - 2004 AN - OPUS4-4596 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Wilke, M. A1 - Nekat, B. A1 - Kanngießer, B. A1 - Malzer, W. A1 - Erko, A. T1 - Monitoring of restoration treatments by means of micro-XRF in combination with micro-XANES T2 - 9th European Conference on Non-Destructive Testing CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2006-09-25 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-13770 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Wilke, M. A1 - Nekat, B. A1 - Kanngießer, B. A1 - Malzer, W. A1 - Erko, A. T1 - Monitoring of restoration treatments by means of micro-XRF in combination with micro-XANES T2 - Workshop Synchrotron Radiation in Art and Archeology CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2006-09-27 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-13771 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Wolff, Timo T1 - Zerstörungsfreie Mikro-Röntgenluoreszenzanalyse von historischen Schreib- und Zeichenmaterialien T2 - DGZfP Jahrestagung CY - Rostock, Deutschland DA - 2005-05-02 KW - Zerstörungsfreie Materialcharakterisierung KW - Mikro-RFA KW - Archäometrie PY - 2005 SN - 3-931381-64-1 N1 - Serientitel: Berichtsband / Deutsche Gesellschaft für zerstörungsfreie Prüfung e. V. – Series title: Berichtsband / Deutsche Gesellschaft für zerstörungsfreie Prüfung e. V. IS - 94-CD SP - 1(?) EP - 7(?) PB - DGZfP CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-7649 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Dedner, B. A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Wolff, Timo ED - Dedner, B. ED - Mayer, T. M. T1 - Ergebnisse der Tintenanalyse KW - Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse (RFA) KW - Materialcharakterisierung KW - Kunst- und Kulturgut PY - 2005 SN - 3-534-15603-X VL - 7 IS - Kap. 2.2 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Wiss. Buchges. CY - Darmstadt ET - Marburger Ausg. AN - OPUS4-7599 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Malzer, W. A1 - Kanngießer, B. T1 - Untersuchung von historischen Malmaterialien mittels Mikro-Röntgenfluoreszensanalyse T2 - Jahrestagung Archäometrie und Denkmalpflege 2004 CY - Mannheim, Germany DA - 2004-10-06 PY - 2004 AN - OPUS4-4997 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mantouvalou, I. A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Rabin, Ira A1 - Lühl, Lars A1 - Pagels, M. A1 - Malzer, W. A1 - Kanngiesser, B. T1 - 3D Micro-XRF for cultural heritage objects: new analysis strategies for the investigation of the Dead Sea scrolls N2 - A combination of 3D micro X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (3D micro-XRF) and micro-XRF was utilized for the investigation of a small collection of highly heterogeneous, partly degraded Dead Sea Scroll parchment samples from known excavation sites. The quantitative combination of the two techniques proves to be suitable for the identification of reliable marker elements which may be used for classification and provenance studies. With 3D micro-XRF, the three-dimensional nature, i.e. the depth-resolved elemental composition as well as density variations, of the samples was investigated and bromine could be identified as a suitable marker element. It is shown through a comparison of quantitative and semiquantitative values for the bromine content derived using both techniques that, for elements which are homogeneously distributed in the sample matrix, quantification with micro-XRF using a one-layer model is feasible. Thus, the possibility for routine provenance studies using portable micro-XRF instrumentation on a vast amount of samples, even on site, is obtained through this work. KW - Archaeometry KW - 3D X-ray spectroscopy PY - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/ac2011262 SN - 0003-2700 SN - 1520-6882 VL - 83 IS - 16 SP - 6308 EP - 6315 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington, DC AN - OPUS4-25209 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dietz, G. A1 - Ketelsen, T. A1 - Hoss, M. A1 - Simon, O. A1 - Wintermann, C. A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Rabin, Ira A1 - Hahn, Oliver T1 - The Egmont master phenomenon: X-ray fluorescence spectrometric and paper studies for art history research N2 - The aim of the research project 'Typology of Dutch Drawing' was to establish an interdisciplinary approach for investigating heterogeneous drawing collections. To define a type common to a group of drawings, we determine elements that are common to them based on style and the use of identical materials. To that end, we investigated about 750 Dutch drawings from the sixteenth century at the Dresden Kupferstich-Kabinett using art historical and scientific methods. In this work, we present a detailed analysis of 30 drawings ascribed to the Egmont Master. KW - Archeometry KW - Fine arts KW - Nondestructive testing KW - Paper analysis KW - X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) KW - Reference materials PY - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-011-5309-4 SN - 1618-2642 SN - 1618-2650 VL - 402 IS - 4 SP - 1505 EP - 1515 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-25510 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Rabin, Ira A1 - Montouvalou, I. A1 - Kanngießer, B. A1 - Malzer, W. A1 - Kindzorra, Emanuel A1 - Hahn, Oliver T1 - Provenance studies on Dead Sea scrolls parchment by means of quantitative micro-XRF N2 - In this study, we address the question of the provenance and origin of the Dead Sea Scrolls manuscripts. A characteristic low ratio of chlorine to bromine, corresponding to that of the Dead Sea water, may serve as an indicator for local production. For this aim we developed a non-destructive procedure to determine the Cl/Br ratio in the parchment of these manuscripts. Micro-X-ray fluorescence (µ-XRF) measurements of a large number of parchment and leather fragments from the Dead Sea Scrolls were analyzed with a routine we developed based on fundamental parameter quantification. This routine takes into account the absorption of the collagen matrix and the influence of the different sample thicknesses. To calculate the representative Cl/Br ratio for each fragment, we investigated the lateral homogeneity and determined the total mass deposition using the intensity of the inelastically scattered, characteristic tube radiation. The distribution of the Cl/Br ratios thus obtained from the µ-XRF measurements make it possible to distinguish fragments whose origin lies within the Dead Sea region from those produced in other locations. KW - Fundamental parameter quantification KW - Samples of intermediated thickness KW - Chlorine to bromine ratio KW - Scatter peak evaluation KW - Dark matrix KW - Inorganic traces KW - Archaeometry KW - Fine arts KW - Inorganic compounds KW - Trace elements KW - X-ray spectroscopy PY - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-011-5270-2 SN - 1618-2642 SN - 1618-2650 VL - 402 IS - 4 SP - 1493 EP - 1503 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-25511 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Kanngießer, Birgit A1 - Wilke, M. A1 - Malzer, W. A1 - Nekat, B. A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Erko, A. T1 - Influence of Restoration Treatments on Ink Corroded Manuscripts KW - X-ray fluorescence analysis KW - X-ray absorption analysis KW - Cultural heritage KW - Sustainability PY - 2007 UR - http://www.helmholtz-berlin.de/media/media/oea/web/pr_webseite/druckschriften/berichte/bessy/annual_report_2006.pdf#page=205 SN - 0179-4159 SP - 205 EP - 207 PB - Berliner Elektronenspeicherring-Gesellschaft für Synchrotronstrahlung CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-14854 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Kanngießer, B. A1 - Malzer, W. A1 - Mantouvalou, I. T1 - Non-destructive investigation of the scroll material: "4QComposition concerning divine providence" (4Q413) KW - X-ray fluorescence analysis KW - Cultural heritage PY - 2007 SN - 0929-0761 SN - 1568-5179 VL - 14 IS - 3 SP - 359 EP - 364 PB - Brill CY - Leiden AN - OPUS4-16087 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Feistel, H.-O. A1 - Rabin, Ira A1 - Beit-Arié, M. T1 - The Erfurt Hebrew Giant Bible and the Experimental XRF Analysis of Ink and Plummet Composition KW - Cultural heritage KW - Archaeometry KW - Micro-XRF KW - Quantification KW - Iron gall ink KW - Parchment PY - 2007 SN - 0753-5015 IS - 51 SP - 16 EP - 29 PB - Gazette CY - Villejuif AN - OPUS4-17730 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kanngießer, B. A1 - Mantouvalou, I. A1 - Malzer, W. A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Hahn, Oliver T1 - Non-destructive, depth resolved investigation of corrosion layers of historical glass objects by 3D Micro X-ray fluorescence analysis N2 - 3D Micro X-ray fluorescence analysis was used for the investigation of reverse-glass paintings. The material-specific combination used in reverse-glass paintings leads to damage phenomena reinforced by glass corrosion. To elucidate the mechanism of corrosion processes taking place in the glass object depth profiles of mobile elements are of interest. In order to obtain elemental depth profiles of such kind of fragile objects the method of choice should be non-destructive. Our first results demonstrate the usefulness of the 3D Micro-XRF measurements for this kind of investigations. The assumption that certain binding media may initiate corrosion processes beginning at the interface glass/binding material could be confirmed. KW - Cultural heritage KW - 3D-micro XRF KW - Glass corrosion KW - Quantification PY - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/b717286a SN - 0267-9477 SN - 1364-5544 VL - 23 SP - 814 EP - 819 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - London AN - OPUS4-17544 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Rabin, Ira A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Kanngießer, B. A1 - Malzer, W. A1 - Mantouvalou, I. A1 - Schade, U. A1 - Masic, Admir A1 - Weinberg, G. T1 - Non-destructive investigation of the dead sea scrolls N2 - The Dead Sea Scrolls belong to the most important cultural assets of mankind. Their long term preservation and study is a challenge that demands an interdisciplinary approach. As early as the 1950s natural scientists assisted the scholars in studying the scrolls. It was at this time that the first extensive study of the scroll material took place. It was found that most fragments were written not on leather but on parchment. In addition, a method for determining the age of the parchment was developed which is still of value today. In the 1990s the AMS-C14 method confirmed the palaeographic determination of the age of the manuscripts. The use of carbon ink throughout the scrolls is also consistent with the known scribal practices of that time. There are, however, manuscripts, and among them the famous Genesis Apocryphon Scroll, which exhibit ink corrosion, normally associated with iron-gall inks. Today, 60 years after their discovery, a community of scientists from the Jewish National and University Library (JNUL), the Technical University of Berlin (TU Berlin), the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) and Fritz-Haber-Institute of the MPG (FHI) set out to scientifically investigate the finds of Qumran using the most modern methods. The results of the study will be used to determine the provenance of the texts as well as to contribute to their long-term preservation. A considerable part of the non-destructive investigation is taking place in the Berlin State Library and at the Berliner Elektronenspeicherring-Gesellschaft für Synchrotronstrahlung , BESSY II. Preliminary investigations, performed at the BAM on some fragments, were used to evaluate the extent to which X-ray analytical methods can provide information regarding the geographical origin of the fragments and match the individual pieces. The interpretation of the measurement results is made more difficult by age and storage of the objects. It is believed that ageing processes as well as conservation methods have altered the samples in addition to the changes caused by environmental influences. In collaboration with the TU Berlin, the samples from the parchments found in the caves near Qumran were tested by means of three-dimensional synchrotron based X-ray fluorescence analysis (3D-SyXRF). The aim of this non-destructive investigation was the identification of the inorganic material used in the manufacture of the parchments. The XRF experiments are supported by the non-destructive analysis by means of synchrotron based infrared spectroscopy (SyFTIR) in collaboration with BESSY II as well as optical and electron microscopy in collaboration with Fritz-Haber-Institute (FHI). T2 - Art 2008, 9th International Conference CY - Jerusalem, Israel DA - 2008-05-25 KW - Cultural heritage KW - Archaeometry KW - Micro-XRF KW - Quantification KW - Parchment KW - DSS PY - 2008 IS - CD-ROM SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - ISAS International Seminars CY - Jerusalem, Israel AN - OPUS4-17547 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Rabin, Ira A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Kanngießer, B. A1 - Malzer, W. A1 - Mantouvalou, I. A1 - Schade, U. A1 - Masic, A. A1 - Weinberg, G. T1 - Non-destructive investigation of the dead sea scrolls T2 - "Art2008", Non-destructive investigations and microanalysis for the diagnostics and conservation of cultural and environmental heritage CY - Jerusalem, Israel DA - 2008-05-25 PY - 2008 AN - OPUS4-17614 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Merchel, Silke A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Denker, A. T1 - Four non-destructive X-Ray methods analyzing corroded coins: A self-critical comparison T2 - Workshop Synchrotron Radiation in Art and Archaeology 2006 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2006-09-27 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-14229 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Kanngießer, B. A1 - Malzer, W. A1 - Mantouvalou, I. A1 - Feistel, H.-O. T1 - Investigation of the genesis of historical paper- and parchment-manuscripts by means of portable micro XRF T2 - TECHNART 2007, Non-destructive and microanalytical techniques in art and cultural heritage research CY - Lisbon, Portugal DA - 2007-04-25 PY - 2007 AN - OPUS4-14835 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Wilke, M. A1 - Wolff, Timo T1 - Influence of aqueous calcium phytate/calcium hydrogen carbo-nate treatment on the chemical composition of iron gall inks KW - Archaeometry KW - Restoration KW - Conservation KW - Cultural heritage KW - Iron gall inks PY - 2008 SN - 0034-5806 SN - 1865-8431 VL - 29 SP - 155 EP - 162 PB - Saur CY - München AN - OPUS4-18573 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ketelsen, T. A1 - Dietz, Georg A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Hoss, M. A1 - Simon, O. A1 - Wintermann, C. A1 - Wolff, Timo T1 - Zu einer Typologie der niederländischen Zeichnung des 16. Jahrhunderts - Ein interdisziplinäres Forschungsprojekt am Kupferstich-Kabinett KW - Typologie KW - Zeichnungen KW - Zeichenmaterialien KW - Papier PY - 2009 SN - 0418-0615 VL - 4 SP - 281 EP - 290 PB - Deutscher Kunstverl. CY - München ; Berlin AN - OPUS4-21831 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wolf, U. A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Wolff, Timo ED - Wollny, P. T1 - Wer schrieb was? Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse am Autograph von J.S. Bachs Messe in h-Moll BWV 232 KW - Kulturgut KW - Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse PY - 2009 SN - 0084-7682 VL - 95 SP - 117 EP - 133 PB - Evang. Verl.-Anst. CY - Leipzig AN - OPUS4-20795 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Bretz, Simone A1 - Hagnau, Carola A1 - Ranz, Hans-Jörg A1 - Wolff, Timo T1 - Pigments, dyes, and black enamel - the colorants of reverse paintings on glass N2 - Nondestructive analyses of medieval reverse paintings on glass revealed the same dyes and pigments customarily used in panel paintings. However, there is one exception: the black colorant is not a carbon-based pigment, but black enamel. In this respect, the stylistic as well as the technical influence of stained glass artwork can clearly be seen on reverse paintings on glass. However, there is a crucial difference: in reverse paintings, the black enamel is not fired onto the glass but painted (cold painting). Additional analyses confirmed these findings. Based on these results, the art form "reverse painting on glass" has technically to be characterized as a mixture of "stained glass" and "panel painting" that nonetheless develops into a genre of its own. KW - Archaeometry KW - Cultural heritage KW - Non-destructive testing PY - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-009-0021-4 SN - 1866-9557 SN - 1866-9565 VL - 1 IS - 4 SP - 263 EP - 271 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg AN - OPUS4-20877 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mantouvalou, I. A1 - Lange, K. A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Grötzsch, D. A1 - Lühl, Lars A1 - Haschke, M. A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Kanngießer, B. T1 - A compact 3D micro X-ray fluorescence spectrometer with X-ray tube excitation for archaeometric applications N2 - In this work, the applicability of a new 3D micro X-ray fluorescence (3D Micro-XRF) laboratory spectrometer for the investigation of historical glass objects is demonstrated. The non-destructiveness of the technique and the possibility to measure three-dimensionally resolved fluorescence renders this technique into a suitable tool for the analysis of cultural heritage objects. Although absorption and resolution effects complicate qualitative analysis of the data, layered structures can be distinguished from homogeneous samples without the need for full quantification. Different manufacturing techniques were studied in this work with the help of hand-made reference samples. With the gained knowledge it could be shown for the investigated historical glass object, that black enamel as a stained glass contour colour was used in a cold painting. The object was not fired after the application of the black enamel, but instead the adhesion of the paint was solely provided through organic binding agents and the backing with metal foils. Thus, for the manufacturing of the object, a mixture of cold painting technique with a stained glass color was used. Quantitative measurements with a 3D Micro-XRF setup at the Berlin synchrotron BESSY II confirm the assumptions drawn on the basis of the qualitative investigation with the 3D Micro-XRF spectrometer with X-ray tube excitation. KW - 3D micro XRF KW - Archaeometry KW - Non-destructive testing KW - Cultural heritage PY - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/b915912f SN - 0267-9477 SN - 1364-5544 VL - 25 SP - 554 EP - 561 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - London AN - OPUS4-20878 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rabin, Ira A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Kindzorra, Emanuel A1 - Masic, A. A1 - Schade, U. A1 - Weinberg, G. ED - Dik, J. ED - Gunneweg, J. ED - Adriaens, A. T1 - Characterization of the writing media of the Dead Sea scrolls KW - Dead Sea scrolls KW - Parchment KW - Carbon ink KW - XRF KW - FTIR KW - SEM PY - 2010 SN - 978 90 04 18152 6 SN - 0169-9962 IS - Chapter 9 SP - 123 EP - 134 PB - Brill CY - Leiden, The Netherlands AN - OPUS4-21238 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Rabin, Ira A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Mantouvalou, I. A1 - Kanngießer, B. A1 - Weinberg, G. T1 - Material studies on the Dead Sea scrolls T2 - Conference "Preservation and access of monuments of culture and history: modern approaches" CY - Saint Petersburg, Russia DA - 2009-10-20 KW - Dead Sea scrolls KW - Archaeometry KW - Restoration and conservation science KW - Cultural heritage KW - Writing materials PY - 2009 SP - 122 EP - 129 AN - OPUS4-23177 LA - rus AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rabin, Ira A1 - Schütz, R. A1 - Kohl, Anka A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Tagle, R. A1 - Pentzien, Simone A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Emmel, S. T1 - Identification and classification of historical writing inks in spectroscopy: a methodological overview KW - Archaeometry KW - Non-destructive testing KW - Spectroscopy KW - Manuscript studies PY - 2012 SN - 2078-3841 VL - 3 SP - 26 EP - 30 PB - ESF CY - Strasbourg AN - OPUS4-26940 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Bretz, S. A1 - Hagnau, C. A1 - Ranz, H.-J. A1 - Wolff, Timo T1 - Das Schwarzlot in der Hinterglasmalerei - Zerstörungsfreie Untersuchung von Kunst- und Kulturgut N2 - Die Bedeutung der Zerstörungsfreien Prüfung im Bereich der Kunst- und Kulturanalyse hat in den letzten Jahren deutlich zugenommen. Mobile Untersuchungstechniken erweisen sich als besonders geeignet, da die fragilen und kostbaren Objekte in den Museen verbleiben und somit keine Schädigungen durch Transport oder Klimawechsel erleiden können. Dieser Beitrag möchte am Beis piel der Hinterglasmalerei die Bedeutung der naturwissenschaftlichen Analyse im Bereich der Kunstgeschichte aufzeigen. Der Begriff der Schwarzlotmalerei wird in der Kunstgeschichte allgemein für eine schwarze Konturmalerei verwendet. Während der Begriff in der Glasmalerei eindeutig das Material – ein mit Eisen- und Kupferoxiden schwarz gefärbtes Bleiglas – bezeichnet, steht der Begriff in der Tafelmalerei für tiefschwarze Konturen auf Goldgründen und Lüstern. Diese Modellierung ist jedoch im Vergleich zur Glasmalerei - soweit bekannt - mit organischen Schwarzpigmenten ausgeführt. Auch die Hinterglasmalerei, und hier insbesondere die des späten Mittelalters zeichnet sich durch eine dominierende schwarze Konturmalerei aus. Mittels zerstörungsfreier Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse konnte in einer Auswahl repräsentativer Objekte Schwarzlot nachgewiesen werden. Bezogen auf die Konturierungen ist hier eindeutig der stilistische, aber auch der maltechnische Einfluss der Glasmalerei auf die Hinterglasmalerei ablesbar. Es ergibt sich aber ein wesentlicher Unterschied – bis auf wenige Ausnahmen wurde hier das Schwarzlot nicht eingebrannt, sondern als Kaltbemalung verwendet. KW - Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung KW - Kunst- und Kulturanalyse KW - Hinterglasmalerei PY - 2009 SN - 1616-069X SN - 0948-5112 VL - 113 SP - 38 EP - 40 PB - Deutsche Gesellschaft für Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-19039 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bjeoumikhov, A. A1 - Erko, M. A1 - Bjeoumikhova, Zemfira A1 - Erko, A. A1 - Snigireva, I. A1 - Snigirev, A. A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Mantouvalou, I. A1 - Malzer, W. A1 - Kanngießer, B. T1 - Capillary µFocus X-ray lenses with parabolic and elliptic profile KW - Synchrotron radiation KW - Capillary optics KW - Beamline optics PY - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2008.01.087 SN - 0168-9002 SN - 0167-5087 VL - 587 IS - 2-3 SP - 458 EP - 463 PB - North-Holland CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-18922 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Denker, A. A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Merchel, S. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe T1 - Röntgenanalytische Methoden im Vergleich T2 - Jahrestagung Archäometrie und Denkmalpflege 2006 CY - Stuttgart, Germany DA - 2006-03-22 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-18934 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Mantouvalou, I. A1 - Malzer, W. A1 - Nissen, J. A1 - Berger, D. A1 - Kanngießer, B. T1 - Characterization of polycapillary halflenses in two directions T2 - BESSY User Meeting 2008 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2008-12-04 PY - 2008 AN - OPUS4-18935 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Mantouvalou, I. A1 - Malzer, W. A1 - Nissen, J. A1 - Berger, D. A1 - Kanngießer, B. T1 - Characterization of polycapillary halflenses in two directions T2 - European Conference on X-Ray Spectrometry CY - Dubrovnik, Croatia DA - 2008-06-16 PY - 2008 AN - OPUS4-18936 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Malzer, W. A1 - Mantouvalou, I. A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Kanngießer, Birgit T1 - Extended Calibration Procedure for the Determination of Micro-SRF Excitation Spectra T2 - European Conference on X-ray Spectrometry 2008 CY - Dubrovnik, Croatia DA - 2008-06-16 PY - 2008 AN - OPUS4-18937 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Kanngießer, Birgit A1 - Wilke, M. A1 - Malzer, W. T1 - Influence of Restoration Treatments on the chemical composition of historical iron gall inks T2 - ART 2008 CY - Jerusalem, Israel DA - 2008-05-25 PY - 2008 AN - OPUS4-18938 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bretz, S. A1 - Hagnau, C. A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Ranz, H.-J. A1 - Täube, D. A1 - Wolff, Timo T1 - Was ist tatsächlich Schwarzlotmalerei? T2 - Jahrestagung in der Pinakothek der Moderne - Archäometrie und Denkmalpflege CY - München, Deutschland DA - 2009-03-25 KW - Archäometrie KW - Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung KW - Hinterglasmalerei PY - 2009 SN - 0947-6229 IS - 2 SP - 246 EP - 248 PB - Dt. Bergbau-Museum CY - Bochum AN - OPUS4-19336 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Mantouvalou, I. A1 - Malzer, W. A1 - Nissen, J. A1 - Berger, D. A1 - Zizak, I. A1 - Sokaras, D. A1 - Karydas, A. A1 - Grlj, N. A1 - Pelicon, P. A1 - Schütz, R. A1 - Zitniki, M. A1 - Kanngießer, B. T1 - Performance of a polycapillary halflens as focussing and collecting optic - a comparison N2 - Polycapillary halflenses are widely used to focus X-ray radiation onto a small spot. Additionally they can reduce the field of view of a semiconductor detector when placed in front of one. In 3D micro X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (3D Micro-XRF) with synchrotron radiation, two polycapillary halflenses are used in a confocal geometry. Up until now, characterization measurements in the focal plane have only been performed in the case of the lens focusing parallel radiation. Assumptions have been made, that in the other case, when isotropic radiation from a spot source is transported to a detector, the acceptance distribution in the focal plane is also Gaussian. We performed measurements with an electron beam as well as a proton beam which confirm this assumption. In addition, a comparison between measurements in collecting and focusing mode show differences in spot size and transmission. These differences exemplify the fact that there is not one global spot size or transmission function of a polycapillary halflens. Illumination and divergence effects can alter both characteristic lens parameters. PY - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/b817828c SN - 0267-9477 SN - 1364-5544 VL - 24 SP - 669 EP - 675 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - London AN - OPUS4-19415 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Kannengießer, Thomas A1 - Malzer, W. A1 - Mantouvalou, I. T1 - A new fundamental parameter based quantification procedure for micro-XRF data T2 - European Conference on X-Ray Spectrometry (EXRS) CY - Figueira da Foz, Portugal DA - 2010-06-20 PY - 2010 AN - OPUS4-21504 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Malzer, W. A1 - Mantouvalou, I. A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Kanngießer, B. T1 - A new fundamental parameter based calibration procedure for micro X-ray fluorescence spectrometers N2 - Fundamental parameter based quantification of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) measurement data requires an accurate knowledge of the spectrometer parameters, including the spectral distribution of the excitation radiation. In case of micro-XRF where a polycapillary optic is utilized in the excitation channel this distribution is changed due to the transmission properties of the lens. A new calibration procedure, based on fluorescence data of thin standard samples, was developed to determine the excitation spectrum, i.e., the product of the X-ray tube spectrum and the transmission of the used X-ray optic of a micro-XRF setup. The calibration result was validated by the quantitative analyses of certified multi-element reference standards and shows uncertainties in the order of 2% for main components, 10% for minor elements and 25% for trace elements. The influence of secondary order effects like Coster–Kronig transitions and cascade effects is analyzed and the accuracy of fundamental parameters in common databases is discussed. KW - Polycapillary optic KW - Transmission KW - Micro-XRF calibration KW - Reference free quantification PY - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2011.01.009 SN - 0584-8547 SN - 0038-6987 VL - 66 IS - 2 SP - 170 EP - 178 PB - Elsevier B.V. CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-24213 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rabin, Ira A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Mantouvalou, I. A1 - Kanngießer, B. A1 - Weinberg, G. T1 - Dead sea scrolls - development of the analysis methodology T2 - Modern approaches to the conservation and accessibility of cultural and historic monuments CY - St. Petersburg, Russia DA - 2009-10-20 KW - Dead sea scrolls KW - Conservation science KW - Non destructive testing PY - 2010 SN - 978-5-8192-0370-5 SP - 122 EP - 129 AN - OPUS4-23329 LA - rus AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rabin, Ira A1 - Hahn, Oliver A1 - Wolff, Timo A1 - Masic, A. A1 - Weinberg, G. T1 - On the origin of the ink of the thanksgiving scroll (1QHodayot) N2 - In this study we demonstrate the possibility to identify the production area of the scrolls, coupling non-destructive quantitative analysis of race elements to spectroscopic investigation of the inks. This approach, that allowed us to determine the Dead Sea area as origin of 1QHodayot, is of general validity. KW - 1QHodayot KW - Archaeometry KW - Material research KW - Carbon ink PY - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1163/156851709X395722 SN - 0929-0761 SN - 1568-5179 VL - 16 IS - 1 SP - 97 EP - 106 PB - Brill CY - Leiden AN - OPUS4-23330 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -