TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Evaluation of the resistance of metallic and polymeric materials used for tanks for the transport of dangerous goods T2 - ACHEMA CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 2012-06-20 PY - 2012 AN - OPUS4-26089 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit A1 - Bäßler, Ralph T1 - Evaluation of the Resistance of Metallic Materials under the Influence of Biofuels N2 - Changes in fuel composition and the introduction of alternative fuels often create problems of corrosion and degradation in materials. The objective of this research was to determine the corrosion behaviour of commercial metallic tank materials (unalloyed steels, austenitic CrNi- and CrNiMo-steels, aluminium and its alloys) in fuels and heating oil with admixtures of biogenic sources, such as gasoline with addition of ethanol (E10, E85), pure biodiesel and heating oil with 10 % biodiesel (B10). Metallic tank materials were evaluated as resistant in a liquid if the annual corrosion rate due to uniform corrosion did not exceed 0.1 mm/year, and localized corrosion effects in the form of pitting corrosion, stress corrosion cracking and crevice corrosion did not occur. The corrosion rates of the tank materials after exposure to E10, E85, non-aged and two-year aged pure biodiesel, and non-aged and one-year aged heating oil B10 for four weeks at 50 °C, according to DIN 50905/4, were well below the limit of 0.1 mm/year. For the unalloyed steels, the formation of rust was observed independently of the biofuels amount of ageing. U-bend specimens made of unalloyed steel were not damaged in form of stress corrosion cracking in all test fuels at this test temperature. T2 - CORROSION 2017 CY - New Orleans, LA, USA DA - 26.03.2017 KW - Biodiesel KW - Bioethanol KW - Tank materials KW - Corrosion resistance KW - Stress corrosion cracking PY - 2017 SP - Paper No 8854, 1 EP - 12 PB - NACE International Publications Division CY - Houston, Texas, USA AN - OPUS4-39638 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Evaluation of the resistance of metallic materials under the influence of biofuels N2 - Changes in fuel composition and the introduction of alternative fuels often create problems of corrosion and degradation in materials. The objective of this research was to determine the corrosion behaviour of commercial metallic tank materials (unalloyed steels, austenitic CrNi- and CrNiMo-steels, aluminium and its alloys) in fuels and heating oil with admixtures of biogenic sources, such as gasoline with addition of ethanol (E10, E85), pure biodiesel and heating oil with 10 % biodiesel (B10). Metallic tank materials were evaluated as resistant in a liquid if the annual corrosion rate due to uniform corrosion did not exceed 0.1 mm/year, and localized corrosion effects in the form of pitting corrosion, stress corrosion cracking and crevice corrosion did not occur. The corrosion rates of the tank materials after exposure to E10, E85, non-aged and two-year aged pure biodiesel, and non-aged and one-year aged heating oil B10 for four weeks at 50 °C, according to DIN 50905/4, were well below the limit of 0.1 mm/year. For the unalloyed steels, the formation of rust was observed independently of the biofuels amount of ageing. U-bend specimens made of unalloyed steel were not damaged in form of stress corrosion cracking in all test fuels at this test temperature. T2 - CORROSION 2017 CY - New Orleans, LA, USA DA - 26.03.2017 KW - Biodiesel KW - Bioethanol KW - Tank materials KW - Corrosion resistance KW - Stress corrosion cracking PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-39642 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Comparison of the Corrosion Resistance to Dangerous Goods of Austenitic CrNiMo and Duplex Steels T2 - CORROSION 2014 CY - San Antonio, TX, USA DA - 2014-03-09 PY - 2014 AN - OPUS4-30429 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bäßler, Ralph A1 - Weltschev, Margit ED - Wieland, H.-J. ED - Brockmann, S. T1 - Duplex steel's corrosion resistance compared to the austenite containing molybdenum KW - Duplexsteel KW - Dangerous goods PY - 2014 SN - 978-3-514-00813-7 SP - 316 EP - 323 PB - Verl. Stahleisen GmbH CY - Düsseldorf AN - OPUS4-31035 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - DGMK-Projekt 780: Entwicklung einer Prüfmethode zur Bewertung der Materialbeständigkeit von Bauteilen in Mitteldestillatanwendungen N2 - Für Bauteile (Komponenten) von Versorgungsanlagen für flüssige Brenn- und Kraftstoffe muss die Beständigkeit der metallenen Werkstoffe und Polymere nachgewiesen werden. Im Anwendungsfall von Heizöl mit 20 % biogenen Anteilen in Form von Rapsölfettsäuremethylester (FAME, Biodiesel) ist es für eine konservative Beurteilung des Korrosionssystems Werkstoff/Medium/Umgebung wichtig, die Alterungseffekte des Mediums einzubeziehen. Entwicklung eines Prüfverfahrens für die Untersuchung der Beständigkeit von metallenen Werkstoffen und Polymeren in Heizöl und Heizöl-FAME-Blends, das für eine Vorauswahl der Werkstoffe und zum Nachweis der Beständigkeit im Hinblick auf die bauaufsichtlichen Zulassungsverfahren geeignet ist. Ein Schwerpunkt wird bei den metallenen Werkstoffen auf der Erprobung von Messmethoden liegen, mit denen sich in kurzer Versuchszeit ein Korrosionsangriff detektieren lässt. Die untersuchten Werkstoffe Aluminium, Stahl 1.0037, 1.4301, Kupfer, Messing (CuZn40Pb) und Zink (ZP0410) sind in B0, B20, B100 und in 6 Jahre altem B100 beständig. Auch in einem Jahr alten B20 und in einem Jahr alten B100 sind die Werkstoffe beständig. Bei Kupfer blieb die Korrosionsrate in der Flüssigphase sowohl in B20 (0 μ m/ a) als auch in B100 (4 μ m/ a) nach einem Jahr unverändert. Für das 6 Jahre alte B100 stieg die Korrosionsrate des Kupfers an (16 μ m/a). Im Gegensatz dazu sank bei Messing die Korrosionsrate in der Flüssigphase mit dem Alter des Brennstoffs, nach einem Jahr für B20 von 4 μ m/ a auf 1 μ m/a und für B100 von 36 μ m/ a auf 6 μ m/ a, im 6 Jahre alten B100 lag die Korrosionsrate des Messings bei 0 μ m/ a. In 8 Jahre altem B10 trat bei Zink in der Flüssigphase Flächenkorrosion auf, es ist in dem Medium demnach nicht beständig. Messing zeigte örtliche Korrosion in der Gasphase, es ist folglich unbeständig und für den Einsatz in stark gealterten B10 nicht geeignet. Aluminium, 1.0037, 1.4301 und Kupfer sind in dem 8 Jahre alten B10 beständig. Die Änderung der Zugfestigkeit und der Reißdehnung von ACM, HNBR und FKM in Heizöl, B20 und gealterten B10 beträgt < 15 %. Diese Werkstoffe sind in Heizöl, B20 und in gealterten B10 unter Berücksichtigung des von der BAM zur Beurteilung der Beständigkeit festgelegten Grenzwertes von 15 % bei 40 °C als beständig zu bewerten. PUR ist bei 40 °C nicht beständig in B20 und in gealtertem B10. Bei 70 °C ist HNBR nicht in B20 beständig aufgrund der Verringerung der Zugfestigkeit (40 %) und der Reißdehnung (50 %). FKM ist bei 70 °C in Heizöl und in B20 beständig. T2 - Sitzung AK Prüfstellen CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 18.09.2019 KW - Heizöl mit 20% Biodiesel (B20) KW - Beständigkeit KW - Metallene Werkstoffe KW - Polymere Werkstoffe KW - Zugeigenschaften KW - Shore-Härte PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-50188 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Compatibility of polymers with aged heating oil containing 10 % and 20 % biodiesel under static conditions N2 - Biodiesel is viewed as a major source of energy. In areas such as the European Un-ion, where 80 % of the oil-based fuel is imported, there is also the desire to reduce dependence on external oil supplies. Materials compatibility is a major concern whenever the fuel composition is changed. The question arises of whether polymeric materials are resistant to heating oil with 20 % biodiesel (B20) in comparison to pure heating oil. The polarity of biodiesel increases its solvency and facilitates permeation and extrac-tion. Solvation, swelling and/or extraction lead to changes in the physical properties. Extraction alters the fuel chemistry. These chemical changes could also accelerate the degradation (hydrolysis and oxidation) of the polymeric material with the loss of additives and stabilizers. Exposure tests to determine the resistance of polymers frequently used for compo-nents in middle distillate facilities, such as ACM, FKM, HNBR, PA, PE, POM, PUR and PVC in heating oil and a blend of heating oil and 20 % biodiesel (B20) were al-ready performed. The objective of this research was to determine the resistance of these polymers in 8-year aged heating oil blend B10 and 1-year aged blend B20 at 40 °C. Mass, tensile strength, breaking elongation and Shore hardness A (D) of the test specimens were determined before and after exposure for 84 (42) days in the test fuels under static conditions. There is not determined a threshold for the reduction in tensile properties and Shore hardness in the international standards. Therefore, a threshold of 15 % was deter-mined for the evaluation of the compatibility. A significant reduction in Shore hardness was determined after exposure of ACM and PUR test specimens in 1-year aged B20. The tensile strength of PUR test specimens in 1-year aged B20 was reduced by more than 50 %, and the breaking elongation by more than 30 %. A decrease in breaking elongation was measured for POM test specimens after ex-posure to 1-year aged B20 by 25 % (limited resistance). 8-year aged B10 had a stronger effect than 1-year aged B20 on the polymers. ACM test specimens were softened by B10 resulting in a drop of Shore hardness by over 20 %. B10 reduced tensile strength and breaking elongation of PUR test specimens by over 50 %. In contrast, the breaking elongation of POM was increased by over 270 %. It can be concluded that the polymers HNBR, FKM, PA6, PE and PVC are resistant in 1-year aged B20 whereas ACM and POM are limited resistant. PUR is not re-sistant. HNBR, FKM, PA6, PE and PVC are resistant in 8-year aged B10, whereas PUR and POM are not resistant, and ACM just limited resistant. T2 - EUROCORR 2020 CY - Online meeting DA - 07.09.2020 KW - Aged heating oil with 10% and 20% biodiesel KW - Resistance of polymers KW - Tensile properties KW - Shore hardness PY - 2020 AN - OPUS4-51240 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Bewertung de Beständigkeit von metallischen Werkstoffen und polymeren Dichtungswerkstoffen unter dem Einfluss von Biokraftstoffen T2 - Beiratssitzung des Normenausschusses Tankanlagen im DIN CY - DIN Berlin DA - 2014-11-06 PY - 2014 AN - OPUS4-31924 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit A1 - Bäßler, Ralph T1 - Evaluation of the resistance of highly alloyed stainless steels and nickel alloys for the transport of dangerous goods T2 - 9th International Conference and Exhibition "Problem of Corrosion and Corrosion Protection of Materials" CY - Lviv, Ukraine DA - 2008-06-10 KW - Corrosion resistance KW - High alloyed stainless steel KW - Nickel-based alloy KW - Transport KW - Dangerous goods PY - 2008 SN - 0430-6252 N1 - Serientitel: Physico Chemical Mechanics of Materials – Series title: Physico Chemical Mechanics of Materials IS - Special Issue No. 7 SP - 17 EP - 28 CY - Lviv, Ukraine AN - OPUS4-17623 LA - rus AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit A1 - Bäßler, Ralph A1 - Werner, H. A1 - Alves, H. T1 - Evaluation of the resistance of alloy 31 and alloy 59 for the transport of mixed acids in tanks T2 - EUROCORR 2007 CY - Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany DA - 2007-09-09 KW - Korrosionsbeständigkeit KW - Höherlegierte Werkstoffe KW - Mischsäuren KW - BAM-Liste KW - BAM-List KW - Acid corrosion KW - High-alloyed stainless steel KW - Nickel-base alloy KW - Corrosion test PY - 2007 N1 - Serientitel: EFC-Event – Series title: EFC-Event IS - 289 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - DECHEMA CY - Frankfurt am Main AN - OPUS4-15853 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Compatibility of metallic tank and polymeric sealing materials with biofuels T2 - ACHEMA CY - Frankfurt am Main DA - 2015-06-15 PY - 2015 AN - OPUS4-33534 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Book review: Physical test methods for elastomers N2 - The book is primarely intended as a reference for those directly concerned with testing elastomers or for those indirectly involved in testing such as design engineers. KW - Elastomer PY - 2018 UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.201870074 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.201870074 SN - 0947-5117 VL - 69 IS - 7 SP - 953 EP - 953 PB - WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-46746 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit A1 - Bäßler, Ralph T1 - Comparison of the corrosion resistance to dangerous goods of austenitic CrNiMo and duplex steels N2 - The “BAM-List - Requirements for Tanks for the Transport of Dangerous Goods” is the basis in Germany for substance-related prototype approvals for tank Containers in Germany. Compatibility evaluations of selected metallic materials and polymeric materials under the influence of approximately 7200 dangerous goods have been published in the BAM-List since 1989. The austenitic CrNi- and CrNiMo-steels - UNS S30403, UNS S31600, UNSS31603 and UNS S31635 - are the materials mostly used worldwide for transport tanks. The duplex Steel UNS S31803 has been put on the BAMList due to the great interest of tank producers and transport Companies. Using UNS S31803 instead of 316L, the weight of the tanks can be reduced, and the list of transportable goods can be extended. The objective of these investigations was to compare the corrosion resistance of duplex Steel UNS S31803 and austenitic Steel UNS S31603. Therefore, test specimens of both steels were exposed to selected corrosive substances, such as formic acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, nitrating acid, monochloroacetic acid and trichloroacetone at 55 °C (30 °C, 70 °C). The test results have shown that the duplex Steel UNSS31803 is a good alternative to austenitic CrNiMo-steel UNS S31603 for tanks carrying corrosive dangerous goods. T2 - Corrosion 2014 CY - San Antonio, TX, USA DA - 09.03.2014 KW - Austenitic CrNiMo steel KW - Duplex steel KW - Corrosion resistance KW - Dangerous goods KW - BAM-list PY - 2014 SP - Paper 3786, 1 EP - 11 AN - OPUS4-30412 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Compatibility of polymers with heating oil with 20 % biodiesel at different temperatures under static and compressed conditions N2 - Biodiesel is viewed as a major source of energy. In areas such as the European Union, where 80 % of the oil-based fuel is imported, there is also the desire to reduce dependence on external oil supplies. Materials compatibility is a major concern whenever the fuel composition is changed. The question arises of whether polymeric materials are resistant to heating oil with 20 % biodiesel (B20) in comparison to pure heating oil. The polarity of biodiesel increases its solvency and facilitates permeation and extraction. Solvation, swelling and/or extraction lead to changes in the physical properties. Extraction alters the fuel chemistry. These chemical changes could also accelerate the degradation (hydrolysis and oxidation) of the polymeric material with the loss of additives and stabilizers. The objective of this research was to determine the resistance of frequently used materials for components in middle distillate facilities such as ACM, FKM, HNBR, PA, PE, POM, PUR and PVC in heating oil and heating oil blend B20 for 84 days at 40 °C, and FKM, HNBR, PA, POM, PUR and PVC at 70 °C. Mass, tensile strength, breaking elongation and Shore hardness A (D) of the test specimens were determined before and after exposure for 84 (42) days in the test fuels under static conditions. For the investigations under compressed conditions, the mass and the compression set of FKM test specimens were determined before and after exposure for 3, 7, 14, 28, 56 and 90 days in B20 at 40 °C and 70 °C according to ISO 815-1 “Rubber, vul-canized or thermoplastic - determination of compression set – Part 1: At ambient or elevated temperatures”. There is not determined a threshold for the reduction in tensile properties and Shore hardness in the international standards. Therefore, a threshold of 15 % was determined for the evaluation of the compatibility. The change of tensile strength and breaking elongation of test specimens made of ACM, FKM, HNBR, PA, PE, POM, PUR and PVC exposed to heating oil and the blend B20 was less than 15 % at 40 °C. A maximum reduction in Shore hardness A of 14 % was determined for ACM at 40 °C and for HNBR of 15 % at 70 °C. It can be concluded that ACM, FKM, HNBR, PA, PE, POM, PVC and PUR were resistant in B20 at 40°C. FKM, PA, POM and PVC were evaluated as resistant in heat-ing oil and B20 at 70 °C, HNBR and PUR were not resistant in these fuels at 70°C. Based on the mass increase and compression set values of FKM test specimens it can be stated that FKM is resistant in B20 under compressed conditions at 40 °C and 70 °C. T2 - EUROCORR 2019 CY - Sevilla, Spain DA - 09.09.2019 KW - Heating oil - biodiesel - blend KW - Polymeric materials KW - Compatibility KW - Tensile properties KW - Shore Hardness PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-49002 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Ackermann, H. A1 - Pötzsch, Sina A1 - Weltschev, Margit A1 - Bäßler, Ralph A1 - Plum, W. T1 - Entwicklung einer Prüfmethode zur Bewertung der Materialbeständigkeit von Bauteilen in Mitteldestillatanwendungen N2 - Im Vorhaben wurde eine forcierte Prüfmethode zur Bestimmung der Beständigkeit von metallenen Werkstoffen gegenüber Brennstoffen aus Mitteldestillaten und Gemischen aus Mitteldestillat und paraffinischen Kohlenwasserstoffen, die jeweils Fettsäuremethylester (FAME) als biogene Komponente enthalten, entwickelt. Bei der Prüfmethode werden Prüfkörper des jeweiligen Werkstoffes in speziellen Prüfmedien ausgelagert. Die Zusammensetzung von zwei Prüfmedien wurde im Vorhaben erarbeitet. Diese Prüfmedien erfassen die Effekte der Alterung des FAME, die zu erwarten sind, wenn der Brennstoff länger als 2 Jahre im Feld lagert. Sie decken den Bereich bis 20 % (V/V) FAME-Anteil ab. Die Auslagerung kann bei geringem Aufwand unter Atmosphärendruck durchgeführt werden. Die Eignung einer Auswahl von metallenen Werkstoffen und Polymerwerkstoffen, die für Versorgungsanlagen für Mitteldestillat relevant sind, wurde durch Auslagerung in folgenden nicht gealterten Brennstoffen bestimmt: Heizöl EL schwefelarm (B0), Heizöl EL schwefelarm mit 20 % (V/V) FAME (B20), FAME (B100) und hydriertes Pflanzenöl (HVO). Die Werkstoffe wurden auch in einem 1 Jahr gealterten B20 und einem 8 Jahre gealtertem B10 ausgelagert. Die Temperatur bei der Auslagerung betrug 50 °C für die metallenen Werkstoffe und 40 °C und 70 °C für die Polymerwerkstoffe. Die Ergebnisse der Beständigkeitsbewertung wurden in Beständigkeitslisten zusammengefasst. Die mit B20 erhaltenen Bewertungen gelten generell für Gemische aus Heizöl EL schwefelarm und FAME mit einem FAME-Gehalt bis 20 % (V/V). Sie sind auch auf Gemische aus Dieselkraftstoff und FAME mit einem FAME-Gehalt bis 20 %(V/V) übertragbar. Die forcierte Prüfmethode kann insbesondere KMUs bei der Weiterentwicklung von bestehenden Produkten und der Entwicklung von neuen Produkten als ein kostengünstiger Schnelltest zur Überprüfung der Werkstoff- und Bauteilbeständigkeit gegenüber Mitteldestillaten mit hohem FAME-Anteil dienen. Sie kann für die Hersteller die Sicherheit erhöhen, dass Bauteile die Freigabeprüfungen der Bauaufsicht bestehen, wobei die Freigabe jedoch nur für Deutschland gültig ist. Die Erkenntnisse des Forschungsvorhabens können in eine harmonisierte Europäische Norm für alternative Brenn- und Kraftstoffe einfließen. Diese ist für die Bauteilhersteller die Voraussetzung für die Erschließung des europäischen Marktes.   N2 - Within this project, a forced test method was developed to determine the resistance of metallic materials to middle distillate fuels and mixtures of middle distillate and paraffinic hydrocarbons both with fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) as a biogenic component. In the method, specimens of the material are immersed in special test media. The compositions of two test media were developed within the project. These test media include the influence of aging of the FAME which is to be expected after a storage of the fuel exceeding 2 years in the field. They cover a range of up to 20 % (v/v) FAME content. The exposure test can be carried out at ambient pressure with little effort. Suitability of selected metallic and polymer materials relevant for middle distillate supply systems was determined by exposure to the following non-aged fuels: low-sulfur light fuel oil (B0), low-sulfur light fuel oil with 20 % (v/v) FAME (B20), FAME (B100) and hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO). The materials were also exposed in the 1-year-aged B20 and 8-year-aged B10. Test temperature was 50 °C for metallic materials and 40 °C and 70 °C for polymers. Resulting materials resistances were summarized in resistance tables. Resistances obtained in B20 are valid for any mixture of low-sulfur light fuel oil and FAME containing up to 20 % (v/v) FAME. They are also transferable to mixtures of diesel and FAME having a FAME content of up to 20 % (v/v). This method with special test media is a cost-effective rapid test for checking resistance of materials to middle distillates having a high FAME content. It can support SMEs manufacturing components for supply systems in further development of existing and new products. It increases the manufacturers' certainty that components will pass approval tests of authorities. Results of this research project can be incorporated into a harmonized European standard for alternative fuels. This is the prerequisite for component manufacturers to access the European market. KW - Heizöl KW - FAME KW - Biobrennstoff PY - 2020 UR - https://dgmk.de/publikationen/entwicklung-einer-pruefmethode-zur-bewertung-der-materialbestaendigkeit-von-bauteilen-in-mitteldestillatanwendungen/ SN - 978-3-947716-14-2 SN - 0937-9762 SP - 1 EP - 153 PB - DGMK CY - Hamburg AN - OPUS4-51110 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit A1 - Bäßler, Ralph ED - Wieland, H.-J. T1 - Use of higher-alloyed metallic materials and duplex steels for transport tanks of dangerous goods N2 - Compatibility evaluations of selected metallic materials under the influence of dangerous goods are published in the BAM-List - Requirements for Tanks for the Transport of Dangerous Goods” as basis for substance-related prototype approvals for tank Containers designed for the carriage of dangerous goods. There is a request of the tank manufacturing industry and transportation Companies to incorporate additional materials into the BAM-List, especially corrosionresistant materials because of the large number of corrosive dangerous goods. One solution to solve corrosion Problems is to line the tank with a polymeric material, an alternative solution is the application of high-alloyed stainless steels and nickel-based alloys as there are alloy 926 (1.4529), alloy 31 (1.4562) and alloy 59 (2.4605). But there is an interest to use cost-efficient steels with high strength values and concomitant adequate corrosion resistance such as duplex Steel 1.4362 too. This Steel grade was originally developed as a substitute for the austenitic grades 1.4404 and 1.4571. Due to the lower content of the alloy elements nickel and molybdenum this duplex steel is a cost-efficient alternative to molybdenum containing austenite. Due to the limited number of corrosion test results with welded test samples of these high-alloyed materials and the duplex steel under the influence of corrosive dangerous goods a comprehensive test Programme was performed with these materials in Cooperation with ThyssenKrupp VDM and Deutsche Edelstahlwerke GmbH. It can be concluded from the test results that the "superaustenitic steels” 1.4529 and 1.4562 as well as the nickel-based alloy 2.4605 are a really good alternative as tank materials for the transport of dangerous goods in comparison to the lining of the tanks. Due to the reduced alloying content, in particular Nickel (3.7 %) and Molybdenum (0.15 %), a lower resistance of the duplex steel 1.4362 compared to the austenitic CrNiMo-steels was observed in acidic media. The duplex Steel is an alternative to the austenitic steels, especially in alkaline media. The test results are included in the current 10th edition of the BAM-List and therefore available for the costumer. T2 - SCT2011 - 3rd International conference on steels in cars and trucks CY - Salzburg, Austria DA - 06.05.2011 KW - BAM-List KW - Corrosion resistance KW - Dangerous goods KW - Duplex steels KW - Superaustenitic steels KW - Nickel alloy PY - 2011 SN - 978-3-514-00783-3 SP - 29 EP - 37 PB - Stahleisen AN - OPUS4-23859 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Use of Higher Alloyed Metallic Materials and Duplex Steels for Transport Tanks of Dangerous Goods T2 - Steels in Cars and Trucks (SCT 2011) CY - Salzburg, Austria DA - 2011-06-06 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-23801 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weltschev, Margit A1 - Bäßler, Ralph T1 - Use of alloy 59 for the transport of highly corrosive dangerous goods N2 - Alloy 59 (NiCr23Mo16Al) with a lot of chromium, molybdenum and nickel possesses excellent resistance not only to reducing but also oxidizing chemicals. Both the Nickel alloy 59 and the superaustenitic steel alloy 31 have already been used as shell materials for tank vehicles or tank containers. Use of these alloys allows the transport of a signifi-cantly more wider variety of chemicals and, especially, waste mixtures than the use of common aus-tenitic steels. Another advantage is the extension of test intervals of for transport tanks. In Germany the 'BAM-List – Requirements for Tanks for the Transport of Dangerous Goods' is the basis for substance-related prototype approvals for tank containers designed for the carriage of dangerous goods issued by the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM). Com-patibility evaluations of selected metallic material groups as well as polymeric gasket and lining materials under the influence of approximately 7000 dangerous goods and water-polluting sub-stances are published in the BAM-List. Alloy 59 belongs to the group of metallic materials in the BAM-List. Due to the large number of dangerous goods in the BAM-List BAM, IKS Dresden and ThyssenKrupp VDM performed a comprehensive corrosion test programme with welded specimens of the nickel alloy 59 and the superaustenitic steels alloy 926 and alloy 31 in the period 2002 - 2010. Especially In particular alloy 59 and alloy 31 were exposed to a large number of corrosive sub-stances such as various mixtures of both nitric acid/sulphuric acid and nitric acid/phosphoric acid at 55 °C. Other corrosive test substances were different organic and inorganic halogenides, peroxyace-tic acid and molten substances. In the case of molten chemicals such as monochloroacetic acid the test temperature was increased to more than 100 °C. The test results presented in this paper are al-ready included in the 10th edition of the BAM-List and, therefore, available to the customer. KW - Nickel alloy KW - Transport tanks of dangerous goods KW - Proof of compatibility KW - Transporttankwerkstoffe KW - Nickelbasislegierung KW - Korrosionstest KW - Korrosive Medien KW - BAM-Liste PY - 2005 DO - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.278.581 SN - 1022-6680 SN - 1662-8985 VL - 278 SP - 581 EP - 586 PB - Trans Tech Publ. CY - Zurich AN - OPUS4-24014 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Compatibility of polymeric materials with heating oil/biodiesel blends at different temperatures N2 - Materials compatibility is a major concern whenever the fuel composition is changed. The question arises of whether polymeric materials are resistant to heating oil with admixtures of 10 % biodiesel (B10) and 20 % biodiesel (B20). The polarity of biodiesel increases its solvency and facilitates permeation and extrac-tion. Solvation, swelling and/or extraction lead to changes in the physical properties and chemical changes of polymeric materials. The objective of this research was to determine the resistance of frequently used sealing materials such as FKM, EPDM, CR, CSM, NBR, IIR, VMQ, FVMQ, PA and PUR in up to four-year aged B10 for 84 days at 20 °C, 40 °C and 70 °C. The polymeric materials: ACM, FKM, HNBR, PA, PE; POM, PUR and PVC were ex-posed to B20 for 84 days at 40°C and 70°C in another research project. Mass, tensile strength, breaking elongation and Shore hardness A (D) of the test specimens were determined before and after the exposure for 84 (42) days in the heating oil blends B10 and B20. There is not determined a threshold for the reduction in tensile properties and Shore hardness in the international standards. Therefore, a threshold of 15 % was deter-mined for the evaluation of the compatibility. Measurements of the variations in mass, tensile properties and Shore hardness after exposure of the polymers in non-aged and aged heating oil B10 showed clearly that FKM, FVMQ and PA were the most resistant materials in B10. The elastomers CR, CSM, EPDM, IIR, NBR and VMQ were generally not resistant to B10. Damage to the materials increased with higher test temperatures and the age of B10. FKM, POM and PVC showed high compatibility in B20 at 40°C and 70 °C. ACM, HNBR and PA were evaluated as resistant in B20 at 40 °C but not at 70°C. T2 - Corrosion 2019 CY - Warsaw, Poland DA - 27.09.2019 KW - Polymers KW - Compatibility evaluations KW - Heating oil with 10% biodiesel KW - Heating oil with 20% biodiesel KW - Tensile properties KW - Shore hardness PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-48146 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Compatibility of polymeric sealing materials with biodiesel heating oil blends at different temperatures N2 - Biodiesel is subject to degradation processes like oil and grease. The oxidative degradation products of vegetable oil esters in biodiesel particularly lead to enhanced sedimentation in blended fuels. The polarity of biodiesel increases its solvency and facilitates permeation and extraction. Solvation, swelling and/or extraction lead to changes in the physical properties and chemical changes of polymeric materials. It also accelerates the degradation (hydrolysis and oxidation) of these materials with the loss of additives and stabilizers. The objective of this research was to determine the resistance of frequently used polymeric materials such as ACM, EPDM, FKM, FVMQ, CR, CSM, IIR, HNBR, NBR, PA, PE; POM, PUR, PVC and VMQ in biodiesel and heating oil with 10 %/20 % biodiesel (B10/B20) at 40°C and 70°C. Mass, tensile strength and breaking elongation of the test specimens were determined before and after the exposure for 84 days in the biodiesel heating oil blends. The visual examination of some elastomer test specimens clearly showed the great volume increase until break or partial dissolution. Shore hardness A and D were determined before and after exposure of the test specimens in the biofuels for 42 days. The elastomers CR, CSM, EPDM, IIR, NBR and VMQ were generally not resistant to biodiesel and B10 at 40°C and 70°C. FKM, ACM, HNBR, PA, PE, POM, and PVC showed high compatibility in B10/B20 at 40°C. A lower compatibility was determined for ACM in biodiesel. ACM and HNBR were not resistant in B20 at 70°C. T2 - Biofuels & Bioenergy CY - Rome, Italy DA - 14.10.2019 KW - Heating oil-Biodiesel-Blend KW - Compatibility evaluations KW - Tensile properties KW - Shore hardness PY - 2019 AN - OPUS4-49306 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -