TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Investigations on the degree of damage of polyethylene grades of heating oil storage tanks after a service life in excess of 25 years N2 - Plastic storage tanks for heating oil have been on the market since the early 1970s in Germany, mainly made from polyethylene grades. Tank manufacturers and experts examining the tanks recommend the replacement of the tanks to ensure the safety after a period of 30 years. The tank manufacturer is legally obliged to specify the service life of the tanks. Polyethylene is subject to ageing by alteration of the properties during its life cycle. A distinction is made between internal and external ageing processes. The internal ageing, such as the breakdown of internal stresses, post-crystallization, phase sepa-ration of multicomponent systems and plasticizer migration is attributed to thermodynamically instable conditions of the plastic material. The external ageing in form of stress cracking, fatigue cracking, thermooxidative degradation or swelling is based on physical or chemical effects of the environment of the polyethylene grade. The degree of ageing and the nature of the degradation process mainly depend on the chemical degradation of the polyethylene, the wall thickness of the tank and the environmental conditions. There are no results available on the long-term behaviour of the polyethylene grades used as materials for heating oil storage tanks, especially after a service life of more than 25 years. The aim of this investigation was the determination of the factual degree of damage in comparison to the uncontaminated polyethylene grades. Data on the melt flow rate (MFR) and density of the used polyethylene grades are available because the BAM was the competent authority for the approval of the plastic heating oil storage tanks until the end of the 1980s. The technical service of specialist companies for fuel tank disposal supplied tank sections from the bottom, the shell and the roof of 8 segregated heating oil storage tanks. Some of the tanks had been in service for more than 30 years. Two polyethylene grades mainly were used as materials for these tanks over this time. The determination of the MFR according to EN ISO 1133 and the FTIR spectroscopy followed standard test methods. The highest average percentage increase in the MFR was determined as 31- 43 % for the bottom section of the tanks, for both the inner shell and the outer shell. The lowest increase in MFR was measured for the top of the tank, with 6 - 12 % for the inner shell and 0 - 8 % for the outer shell. The tank shell sections had an average percentage increase in MFR of 10 - 33 % for the inner shell and of 14 - 40 % for the outer shell. The oxidative damage of the polyethylene grades was highest in the bottom area due to the permanent contact with the heating oil and degradation products. The microtome cuttings were analyzed with image-guided infrared microscopy in the transmission mode and confirmed the results obtained with the MFR measurements. In summary it can be concluded that the oxidative damage of the polyethylene grades after long-term contact with heating oil is relative low. T2 - EUROCORR 2017 CY - Prag, Czech Republic DA - 03.09.2017 KW - Polyethylene KW - Heating oil tanks KW - Service life KW - Degree of degradation PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-41907 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Beständigkeitsbewertungen von Tank- und Behälterwerkstoffen in der Datenbank Gefahrgut und in der BAM-Liste T2 - Vortrag an der Bergischen Universität Wuppertal im FB Sicherheitstechnik im Seminar, ausgewählte Kapitel der Sicherheitstechnik/Materialkunde: Werkstoffe und Fertigungstechnik CY - Wuppertal, Germany DA - 2008-07-17 PY - 2008 AN - OPUS4-17739 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit A1 - Sturm, Christine T1 - Correlation between material parameters of high density polyethylene grades and the test performance behaviour of packagings T2 - EUROCORR 2008 CY - Edinburgh, Scotland, UK DA - 2008-09-07 KW - Dangerous goods packagings KW - HDPE grades KW - Material parameters KW - Design type tests PY - 2008 N1 - Serientitel: EFC-Event – Series title: EFC-Event IS - 299 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - DECHEMA CY - Frankfurt am Main AN - OPUS4-17993 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Übertragbarkeit von Materialkennwerten auf das Baumusterverhalten von Verpackungen aus HDPE T2 - Kolloquium BAM CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2008-10-01 PY - 2008 AN - OPUS4-18050 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Kostengünstiger Stahl mit hoher Beständigkeit KW - Duplexstahl KW - Korrosionsbeständigkeit KW - Tankwerkstoff KW - Gefahrguttransport KW - BAM-Liste PY - 2009 SN - 0944-6117 IS - 6 SP - 20 EP - 21 PB - Vogel CY - München AN - OPUS4-19640 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weltschev, Margit A1 - Deuerler, F. ED - Suter, G. ED - de Rademaeker, E. T1 - Comparison of material parameters of polyethylene grades and the test performance behaviour of packagings for the transport of dangerous goods T2 - 13th International symposium on loss prevention and safety promotion in the process industries CY - Brugge, Belgium DA - 2010-06-06 KW - HDPE-Formstoffe KW - Werkstoffkennwerte KW - Spannungsrissbeständigkeit KW - Verpackungen KW - Baumusterprüfung PY - 2010 SN - 978-90-76019-291 VL - 02 SP - 383 EP - 386 CY - Brugge, Belgium AN - OPUS4-21451 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Use of corrosion-resistant higher-alloyed metallic materials for the transport of dangerous goods in tanks T2 - 2nd Conference Steels in Cars and Trucks (SCT 2008) Future trends in steel development, processing technologies and applications" - Bringing the automotive, supplier and steel industries together CY - Wiesbaden, Germany DA - 2008-06-01 PY - 2008 AN - OPUS4-17697 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Vergleich der Materialeigenschaften von Polyethylenformstoffen mit dem Baumusterverhalten von Gefahrgutverpackungen; Übertragbarkeit von Kennwerten T2 - 12. Gefahrgut-Technik-Tage Berlin, BAM CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2009-11-12 PY - 2009 AN - OPUS4-20390 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Comparsion of the resistance to oxidative degradation of polyethylene grades with the test performance behaviour of packagings for the transport of dangerous goods T2 - CORROSION 2010 CY - San Antonio, TX, USA DA - 2010-03-14 PY - 2010 AN - OPUS4-21052 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit A1 - Deuerler, F. T1 - Comparison of the resistance to oxidative degradation of polyethylene grades with the test performance behavior of packagings for the transport of dangerous goods T2 - NACE International Corrosion Conference 2010 CY - San Antonio, Texas, USA DA - 2010-03-14 KW - Dangerous goods packagings KW - Polyethylene grades KW - Resistance to oxidative degradation KW - Design type tests KW - FTIR spectroscopy PY - 2010 SP - 10044-1 - 10044-13 AN - OPUS4-21089 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Vergleich der Materialeigenschaften von Polyethylenformstoffen mit dem Baumusterverhalten von Gefahrgutverpackungen T2 - Seminar: Ausgewählte Kapitel der Sicherheitstechnik/Materialkunde, Werkstoffe und Fertigungstechnik der Bergischen Universität Wuppertal, Fachbereich D, Abt. Maschinenbau CY - Wuppertal, Germany DA - 2010-01-15 PY - 2010 AN - OPUS4-21099 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Datenbank Gefahrgut - aktuelle Funktionalitäten für den Bereich Verpackung sowie geplanter Ausbau T2 - Ausgewählte Kapitel der Sichrheitstechnik/Materialkunde, Werkstoffe und Fertigungstechnik der bergischen Universität Wuppertal, Fachbereich D, Abt. Maschinenbau CY - Wuppertal, Germany DA - 2010-01-15 PY - 2010 AN - OPUS4-21100 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit A1 - Deuerler, F. T1 - Comparison of the notched impact strength at -30°C of polyethylene grades with the test performance behavior of packagings for the transport of dangerous goods N2 - The notched impact strength at -30 °C is one of the selected properties, together with the corresponding test method and tolerances, for a comparison of polyethylene grades of one design type in the procedural rule on suitability proof for alternative plastic resins used for packagings and intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) for the transport of dangerous goods. The marginal drop heights determined with the drop test at -18 °C after pre-storage of the test samples with 55 % nitric acid at 40 °C only partly related to the notched impact strength at -30 °C. The Charpy method is only suitable for classifying the grade in relation to toughness behavior and using this classification for comparison with other grades. Notched impact strength can provide a qualitative indication if the test samples fail under shock forces. Conditioning the design types with 55 % nitric acid for 21 days at 40 °C causes an increase in the marginal drop heights of the design types in drop tests at -18 °C when compared with design types without pre-storage. Post-crosslinking of the grades increases stiffness because of the acidic influence. T2 - NACE International Corrosion Conference 2011 CY - Houston, TX, USA DA - 13.03.2011 KW - Dangerous goods packagings KW - Polyethylene grades KW - Notched impact strength at -30°C KW - Design type tests KW - Pre-storage with nitric acid PY - 2011 SP - 1 EP - 11 (Paper 11373) AN - OPUS4-23386 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Comparsion of the notched impact strength at - 30 °C of polyethylene grades with the test performance behavior of packagings for the transport of dangerous goods N2 - The notched impact strength at -30 °C is one of the selected properties, together with the corresponding test method and tolerances, for a comparison of polyethylene grades of one design type in the procedural rule on suitability proof for alternative plastic resins used for packagings and intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) for the transport of dangerous goods. The marginal drop heights determined with the drop test at -18 °C after pre-storage of the test samples with 55 % nitric acid at 40 °C only partly related to the notched impact strength at -30 °C. The Charpy method is only suitable for classifying the grade in relation to toughness behavior and using this classification for comparison with other grades. Notched impact strength can provide a qualitative indication if the test samples fail under shock forces. Conditioning the design types with 55 % nitric acid for 21 days at 40 °C causes an increase in the marginal drop heights of the design types in drop tests at -18 °C when compared with design types without pre-storage. Post-crosslinking of the grades increases stiffness because of the acidic influence. T2 - NACE Konferenz CY - Houston, TX, USA DA - 13.03.2011 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-23377 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Comparison between material parameters of polyethylene grades and the test performance behaviour of packagings for the transport of dangerous goods T2 - IPRI 2011 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2011-05-16 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-23661 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Correlation between material parameters of high density polyethylene grades and the test performance behavior of packagings T2 - NACE International corrosion conference 2009 CY - Atlanta, Georgia, USA DA - 2009-03-22 KW - Dangerous goods packagings KW - HDPE grades KW - Material parameters KW - Design type tests PY - 2009 SP - 1 EP - 13 (Paper 09328) AN - OPUS4-19257 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Correlation between material parameters of polyethylene grades and the test performance behaviour of packagings T2 - NACE 2009 CY - Atlanta, GA, USA DA - 2009-03-22 PY - 2009 AN - OPUS4-19292 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit A1 - Niebergall, Ute T1 - Comparison of the stress crack resistance of polyethylene grades with the test performance behaviour of packagings for the transport of dangerous goods N2 - Resistance to stress cracking by wetting solution is one of the selected properties together with the corresponding test method FNCT and tolerances for a comparison of polyethylene grades of one design type in the procedural rule on suitability proof for alternative plastic resins used for packagings and intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) for the transport of dangerous goods. The environmental stress crack resistance determined by Full Notch Creep Test (FNCT) represents the impacts from the stacking tests at 40 °C performed with standard liquid wetting solution (without pre-storage) and with normal butyl acetate saturated wetting solution (pre-storage with normal butyl acetate). Environmental stress crack resistance determined with FNCT for the polyethylene grades was related to the times to failure of different jerrican samples made of these grades in stacking tests with 5% wetting solution and a n-butyl acetate saturated wetting solution (pre-storage with n-butyl acetate) at 40 °C. The FNCT is suitable for comparison of polyethylene grades in relation to environmental stress crack resistance independent of their use as drum, IBC or jerrican material. The stiffness of polyethylene grades should be taken into account to the comparison as jerricans are not only chemically but also mechanically stressed. T2 - EUROCORR 2010 CY - Moscow, Russia DA - 2010-09-13 KW - Polyethylenformstoffe KW - Gefahrgutverpackungen KW - Spannungsrissbeständigkeit KW - Stapeldruckprüfungen PY - 2010 N1 - Serientitel: EFC-Event – Series title: EFC-Event IS - 324 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - DECHEMA CY - Moscow AN - OPUS4-21974 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Comparsion of the stress crack resistance of polyethylene grades with the test performance behaviour of packagings for the transport of dangerous goods T2 - EUROCORR 2010 - The European Corrosion Congresss CY - Moscow, Russia DA - 2010-09-13 PY - 2010 AN - OPUS4-22169 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Comparison between material parameters of polyethylene grades and the test performance behaviour of packaging for the transport of dangerous goods N2 - For the characterization and the comparison of polyethylene grades used for the manufacture of packaging and intermediate bulk container, the following parameters are required: melt flow rate (MFR), density (D), low-temperature notched impact strength, full notch creep test (FNCT) and increase of MFR by molecular degradation (resistance to oxidative degradation). The relationship between these material parameters determined on the basis of specimens prepared from compression-moulded sheets of polyethylene grades and the test behaviour of packaging has been investigated in several tests. The environmental stress crack resistance determined by FNCT represents the impacts from the stacking tests performed with standard liquid wetting solution (without pre-storage) and with normal butyl-acetate-saturated wetting solution (pre-storage with normal butyl acetate). Resistance to molecular degradation by the determination of MFR increase is related to the impacts in drop tests and stacking tests performed after pre-storage for 21 days with standard liquid 55% nitric acid at 40°C. The low-temperature impact strength is directly comparable with the impacts in drop tests at -18°C performed without pre-storage and after pre-storage with 55% nitric acid. A partly good relationship was found between the test results and the material parameters. Conditioning the design types with 55% nitric acid for 21 days causes an increase in the marginal drop heights of the design types in drop tests at -18°C when compared with design types without pre-storage. Post-cross-linking of the grades increases stiffness because of the acidic influence. KW - Dangerous goods packaging KW - Polyethylene grades KW - Material parameters KW - Design-type tests PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/pts.940 SN - 0894-3214 VL - 24 IS - 6 SP - 361 EP - 371 PB - Wiley CY - Chichester, UK AN - OPUS4-23756 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Niebergall, Ute A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Comparison of the stress crack resistance of polyethylene grades with the test performance behaviour of packagings for the transport of dangerous goods N2 - Resistance to stress cracking by wetting solution is one of the selected properties together with the corresponding test method FNCT and tolerances for a comparison of polyethylene grades of one design type in the procedural rule on suitability proof for alternative plastic resins used for packagings and intermediate bulk Containers (IBCs) for the transport of dangerous goods. The environmental stress crack resistance determined by Full Notch Creep Test (FNCT) represents the impacts from the stacking tests at 40 °C performed with Standard liquid wetting solution (without pre-storage) and with normal butyl acetate saturated wetting solution (pre-storage with normal butyl acetate). Environmental stress crack resistance determined with FNCT for the polyethylene grades was related to the times to failure of different jerrican samples made of these grades in stacking tests with 5 % wetting solution and a n-butyl acetate saturated wetting solution (pre-storage with n-butyl acetate) at 40 °C. The FNCT is suitable for comparison of polyethylene grades in relation to environmental stress crack resistance independent of their use as drum, IBC or jerrican material. The stiffness of polyethylene grades should be taken into account to the comparison as jerricans are not only chemically but also mechanically stressed. T2 - PPS-27 - 27th World congress of the polymer processing society CY - Marrakech, Morocco DA - 10.05.2011 KW - Gefahrgutverpackungen KW - Polyethylenformstoffe KW - Full notch creep test KW - Stapeldruckprüfung PY - 2011 SP - 1 EP - 4 AN - OPUS4-23834 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Schuld an Korrosion PY - 2003 SN - 0016-5808 VL - 48 IS - 2 SP - 12 EP - 14 PB - Storck CY - Hamburg AN - OPUS4-2384 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Assessment of the Corrosion Resistance of Metallic Tank Materials in the BAM-List - Requirements for Tanks for the Transport of Dangerous Goods T2 - 27th International Exhibition-Congress on Chemical Engineering, Environmental Protection and Biotechnology, Abstract of the lecture groups, Materials Technology CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 2003-05-19 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-3310 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weltschev, Margit A1 - Alves, H. T1 - Tanks for all seasons KW - Beständigkeit KW - Höherlegierte Tankwerkstoffe KW - Gefahrgüter KW - BAM-Liste PY - 2004 SN - 0143-6864 IS - August SP - 18 EP - 19 PB - Intrapr. Ltd. CY - London AN - OPUS4-4422 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Einsatz von höherlegierten Sonderedelstählen und Nickelbasislegierungen im Tankbau T2 - Gefahrgut-Technik-Tage Berlin 2002 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2002-11-14 PY - 2002 AN - OPUS4-3682 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Innovative korrosionsbeständige höherlegierte Tankwerkstoffe T2 - 7. Gefahrgut-Technik-Tage (GTT) CY - Berlin, Deutschland DA - 2004-11-25 PY - 2004 VL - 7 SP - 52 EP - 60 PB - Storck CY - Hamburg AN - OPUS4-4844 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Innovative korrosionsbestätige höherlegierte Tankwerkstoffe T2 - Gefahrgut-Technik-Tage - Innovative Tanktechnik, Risiken, Normung, Entwicklunen CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2004-11-25 PY - 2004 AN - OPUS4-4875 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Assessment of the corrosion resistance of metallic tank materials in the BAM-list - Requirements for tanks for the transport of dangerous goods T2 - 27th International Exhibition-Congress on Chemical Engineering, Environmental Protection and Biotechnology ; 27th ACHEMA 2003 CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 2003-05-19 PY - 2003 SP - 183 PB - DECHEMA, Ges. für Chemische Technik und Biotechnologie CY - Frankfurt am Main AN - OPUS4-2535 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Stichwort "Korrosion": Die Bewertungskriterien für die Beständigkeit von metallischen Tankwerkstoffen PY - 2003 IS - März SP - 4 PB - HOYER GmbH CY - Hamburg AN - OPUS4-2548 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Bewertung der Beständigkeit von hochlegierten Sonderedelstählen und Nickellegierungen für den Transport von Gefahrgütern T2 - Korrosionsschutzseminar: Hochlegierte Nichtrostende Stähle und Nickellegierungen in der Prozesstechnik CY - Dresden, Germany DA - 2004-10-06 PY - 2004 AN - OPUS4-5135 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Beständigkeitsbewertungen von Behälterwerkstoffen T2 - Erfahrungsaustausch mit der Polizei Niedersachsen CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2004-10-26 PY - 2004 AN - OPUS4-5137 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Innovative korrosionsbeständige höherlegierte Tankwerkstoffe T2 - Gefahrgut-Technik-Tage Berlin 2004 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2004-11-25 PY - 2004 AN - OPUS4-5138 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Assessment of the corrosion resistance of metallic tank materials in the BAM-List-Requirements for Tanks for the Transport of Dangerous Goods T2 - ACHEMA 2003, "27. Internationaler Ausstellungskongreß für Chemische Technik Umweltschutz und Biotechnologie", BAM-Messestand CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 2003-05-19 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-5277 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Urban, Klaus A1 - Weltschev, Margit A1 - Blümel, Peter T1 - Viele Hürden zu meistern KW - Chemische Verträglichkeit KW - Verpackungsmaterial KW - PE-HD KW - Biozide KW - Verträglichkeitsnachweis KW - Standardflüssigkeiten KW - Assimilierungsliste PY - 2006 SN - 0016-5808 VL - 51 IS - 6 SP - 18 EP - 20 PB - Storck CY - Hamburg AN - OPUS4-12531 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Beständigkeitsbewertungen von Behälterwerkstoffen KW - Metallische Behälterwerkstoffe KW - Polymerwerkstoffe KW - Beständigkeit PY - 2006 SN - 0941-6080 VL - 16 IS - 4 SP - 26 EP - 28 PB - Verl. TÜV Rheinland CY - Köln AN - OPUS4-12670 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Beständigkeitsbewertungen von Werkstoffen für den Transport von Gefahrgütern durch die BAM-Liste. T2 - GfKORR-Seminar: Auswahl korrosionsbeständiger Werkstoffe für den industriellen Einsatz CY - Iserlohn, Germany DA - 2005-11-17 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-11224 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Beständigkeitsbewertungen von Werkstoffen für den Transport von Gefahrgütern durch die BAM-Liste T2 - GfKORR-Seminar: Auswahl korrosionsbeständiger Werkstoffe für den industriellen Einsatz CY - Iserlohn, Deutschland DA - 2005-11-17 KW - Stoffbezogene Baumusterzulassung KW - Gefahrgüter KW - Metallische Tankwerkstoffe KW - Polymere Dichtungs-, Beschichtungs- und Auskleidungswerkstoffe KW - BAM-Liste KW - Bewertung der Korrosionsbeständigkeit PY - 2005 SP - - PB - Fachhochschule Südwestfalen - Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft CY - Iserlohn AN - OPUS4-11600 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Use of corrosion-resistant higher-alloyed metallic materials for the transport of dangerous goods in tanks T2 - ACHEMA 2006 CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 2006-05-15 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-14017 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Beständigkeitsbewertung von Tank- und Behälterwerkstoffen T2 - Seminar: Ausgewählte Kapitel der Sicherheitstechnik/Materialkunde: Werkstoffe und Fertigungstechnik CY - Wuppertal, Germany DA - 2006-12-18 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-14338 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Prevention of damages by correct selection of materials T2 - 12th International Symposium on Loss Prevention and Safety Promotion in the Process Industries CY - Edinburgh, Scotland, UK DA - 2007-05-22 KW - Dangerous goods KW - Transport KW - Storage KW - Tanks KW - Resistance KW - Metallic materials KW - Polymeric materials PY - 2007 SN - 978-0-85295-508-6 SN - 0307-0492 N1 - Serientitel: IChemE symposium series – Series title: IChemE symposium series IS - 153 SP - 1 EP - 5 PB - IChemE CY - Rugby, Warwickshire AN - OPUS4-14857 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Beständigkeitsbewertungen von Tank- und Behälterwerkstoffen in der Datenbank Gefahrgut und in der BAM-Liste T2 - UIP-Reinheitsschlüssel, Alstom LHB CY - Paris, France DA - 2007-05-08 PY - 2007 AN - OPUS4-14945 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Bewertung der Beständigkeit von hochlegierten Sonderedelstählen und Nickellegierungen für den Transport von Gefahrgütern T2 - Hochlegierte Stähle und Nickellegierungen für den Industrieanlagenbau CY - Dresden, Germany DA - 2007-10-24 PY - 2007 AN - OPUS4-16057 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Vermeidung von Korrosionsschäden beim Transport von Gefahrgütern durch Einsatz beständiger Werkstoffe T2 - Seminar "Ausgewählte Kapitel der Sicherheitstechnik/Materialkunde", Bergische Universität CY - Wuppertal, Germany DA - 2007-07-05 PY - 2007 AN - OPUS4-16292 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Übertragbarkeit von Materialkennwerten auf das Baumusterverhalten von Verpackungen aus HDPE T2 - Gefahrgut-Technik-Tage Berlin CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2007-11-22 PY - 2007 AN - OPUS4-16293 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit A1 - Niebergall, Ute T1 - Übertragbarkeit von Materialkennwerten auf das Baumusterverhalten von Verpackungen aus HDPE T2 - Gefahrgut-Technik-Tage Berlin 2007 "Gefahrgut-Verpackungen" CY - Berlin, Deutschland DA - 2007-11-22 KW - BAM-GGR 003 KW - Verpackungen KW - HDPE KW - Formstoffkennwerte KW - Baumusterprüfungen KW - Versagensgrenzen PY - 2007 SP - 1 EP - 13 CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-16273 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Duplex als Alternative N2 - EDELSTAHL - Die Entwicklung immer besser auf die Füllguteigenschaften abgestimmter, spezieller Stahlqualitäten geht kontinuierlich voran. Ein weiterer Duplexstahl wurde jüngst von der BAM bewertet. KW - Duplexstahl KW - Tankcontainer KW - Tankfahrzeuge KW - Beständigkeitsbewertung KW - BAM-Liste PY - 2011 SN - 0016-5808 VL - 09 SP - 10 EP - 13 PB - Storck CY - Hamburg AN - OPUS4-24387 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Comparison of the material properties of polyethylene grades with the test performance behaviour of packgings for the transport of dangerous goods in dependence on the pre-storage time with 55 % nitirc acid T2 - Eurocorr 2011 CY - Stockholm, Sweden DA - 2011-09-04 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-24408 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit A1 - Niebergall, Ute T1 - Comparison of the material parameters of polyethylene grades with the test performance behaviour of packagings for the transport of dangerous goods in dependence on the pre-storage time with 55% nitric acid N2 - The material parameters melt flow rate MFR, density D, notched impact strength N.I.S. at -30 °C, stress crack resistance FNCT and resistance to oxidative degradation Ox (determined by the increase of MFR) have been selected for a comparison of polyethylene grades for one design type in the “European Standard EN 15507 - Transport packaging for dangerous goods - Comparative material testing of polyethylene grades”. The parameters have a systematic relationship with design type tests. The notched impact strength at -30 °C and the resistance to oxidative degradation of polyethylene grades determined with test specimens of compression moulded sheets are directly comparable with drop tests at -18 °C of design types produced of these grades after pre-storage with 55 % nitric acid for 21 days at 40 °C. The impact of the pre-storage time of jerricans with 55 % nitric acid at 40 °C and 23 °C on the marginal drop heights in drop tests at -18 °C, on the MFR and on the tensile properties tensile strength, breaking elongation and the elastic modulus were investigated. Packaging design types (jerricans) made of three polyethylene grades from different producers were pre-stored with 55 % nitric acid for 21,42 and 84 days at 40 °C as well as for six months at 23 °C. The MFR and tensile properties of test specimens taken from the design type side walls as well as the marginal drop heights of the jerricans in drop tests at -18 °C were determined. The values of the notched impact strength at -30 °C of polyethylene grades are not comparable with the marginal drop heights determined in drop tests at -18 °C. The oxidative damaging impact of nitric acid has a greater effect on the grade with lower resistance to oxidative degradation by reducing more significantly the marginal drop heights with increasing pre-storage time. Pre-damage with 55 % nitric acid for 21 days at 40 °C, as recommended in ISO 16101 and EN 15507 caused an increase in the marginal drop heights of most design types in drop tests when compared with design types without pre-damage. The test results demonstrated clearly that pre-storage of the jerricans for six months at 23 °C caused a higher increase in the MFR and lower marginal drop heights of the jerricans in drop tests at -18 °C compared with pre-storage of the jerricans for 21 days at40 °C. The mechanical properties change as a result of diffusion of nitric acid into the polyethylene grades and the reaction of the nitric acid with the polymers. The percentage decrease and increase in the tensile strength, breaking elongation and elasticity modulus of test specimens taken from the design type side walls after different pre-storage times were only partly comparable with the marginal drop heights in drop tests at -18 °C. T2 - EUROCORR 2011 - Developing solutions for the global challenge CY - Stockholm, Sweden DA - 04.09.2011. KW - Gefahrgutverpackungen KW - Polyethylenformstoffe KW - Baumusterprüfungen KW - Nachweis der chemischen Verträglichkeit KW - Oxidativer Abbau PY - 2011 SP - 1 EP - 12 AN - OPUS4-24346 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schwarzer, Stefanie A1 - Weltschev, Margit A1 - Otremba, Frank T1 - Lebensdauer und Schadensursachen von Tankcontainern, Tankfahrzeugen und Kesselwagen zur Beförderung von Gefahrgütern in der Praxis N2 - Daten über Schadensursachen und die tatsächliche Nutzungsdauer der Tanks zum Transport von Gefahrgütern liegen nur in begrenztem Maße vor. Auf der Basis der Daten von Tankbaufirmen, Speditionen und Eisenbahnkesselwagen-Vermietgesellschaften wurde die durchschnittliche Lebensdauer von Tankcontainern, Tankfahrzeugen und Kesselwagen zur Beförderung von Gefahrgütern in der Praxis ermittelt und die Hauptschadensursachen analysiert. Korrosion, Risse an Schweißnähten, Gestaltungs- und Dimensionierungsfehler sowie fertigungs- und betriebsbedingte Fehler zählen zu den Hauptschadensursachen. Viele Tanks werden vor Ablauf ihrer Nutzungsdauer nicht mehr für den Transport von Gefahrgütern eingesetzt, da sie nicht mehr den geänderten gesetzlichen Anforderungen in den Gefahrgutvorschriften entsprechen. Die Voraussagen durch Literaturangaben und Ergebnisse von Korrosionsversuchen in der BAM-Liste – Anforderungen an Tanks zur Beförderung gefährlicher Güter – spiegeln sich in der Nutzungsdauer/Lebensdauer der Tanks wider. KW - Gefahrguttransport KW - Tankcontainer KW - Tankfahrzeuge KW - Eisenbahnkesselwagen KW - Schadensursachen KW - Lebensdauer PY - 2011 SN - 2191-0073 VL - 1 IS - 11/12 SP - 28 EP - 33 PB - Springer-VDI-Verl. CY - Düsseldorf AN - OPUS4-24972 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bäßler, Ralph A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - UNS S44400 - A low cost and corrosion-resistant alternative to the austenite containing nickel for tank applications N2 - In Germany the “BAM-List - Requirements for Tanks for the Transport of Dangerous Goods” is the basis for substance-related prototype approvals for tank Containers undertaken by the BAM1 - Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing. Compatibility evaluations of selected metallic materials as well as of polymeric gasket and lining materials under the influence of approximately 7200 dangerous goods have been published in the BAM-List since 1989. The ferritic Steel UNS S44400 (X2CrMoTil8-10, 1.4521) was originally developed as alternative for the austenitic grade AISI316L (X2CrNiMo 17-12-2, 1.4404). Due to its characteristic profile this Steel was qualified for applications requiring high strength values at concomitant adequate corrosion resistance. Because of the lack of Nickel this Steel is a cost-efficient alternative to the Ni-containing austenites. No corrosion test results of UNS S44400 under the influence of dangerous goods were published in the BAM-List so far. Only data on the behavior of AISI 316L are listed. Therefore test specimens of this Steel were exposed to selected corrosive substances in order to compare both steels. Due to the reduced alloy content a reduced corrosion resistance of the Steel UNS S44400 in acidic substances, such as formic acid, acetic acid and sulfuric acid, in comparison to the austenitic CrNiMosteels was expected but not observed. Tests in an alkaline medium showed sufficient resistance. T2 - NACE International Corrosion Conference 2012 CY - Salt Lake City, USA DA - 01.03.2012 KW - Steel KW - Dangerous goods KW - Transport tanks KW - Duplex steel KW - Corrosion KW - 1.4362 KW - X2CrNiN23-4 PY - 2012 SP - 1-7 (C2012-0001290) AN - OPUS4-25979 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -