TY - JOUR A1 - Weimann, Karin A1 - Adam, Christian A1 - Buchert, M. A1 - Sutter, J. T1 - Environmental Evaluation of Gypsum Plasterboard Recycling N2 - Gypsum is widely used in the construction sector and its worldwide consumption has been increasing for several decades. Depending on the life-time of the used gypsum products, an increase of gypsum in construction and demolition waste follows. Especially against the background of a circular economy, the recycling of waste gypsum is of growing importance. However, the use of recycled gypsum makes only sense if it is environmentally friendly. Therefore, an evaluation of the environmental impacts of an industrial-scale processing for the recycling of post-consumer gypsum waste was conducted. The evaluation was performed with an established life cycle assessment software. Original data provided by industry and complementary data from a database for life cycle assessments were used for the calculations. Two scenarios for recycled gypsum with different transportation distances were calculated. These results are compared with results of the environmental evaluation of gypsum derived from coal-fired power plants (FGD gypsum) and natural gypsum. The results show that utilization of recycled gypsum can be environmentally advantageous compared to the use of natural gypsum or FGD gypsum, especially in the impact categories land transformation and resource consumption (abiotic depletion potential). For most environmental impact categories the specific transportation distances have a strong influence. KW - Gypsum plasterboards KW - Gypsum waste KW - Recycled gypsum KW - Environmental evaluation PY - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-522321 SN - 2075-163X VL - 11 IS - 2 SP - 101 PB - MDPI CY - Basel, Schweiz AN - OPUS4-52232 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pauw, Brian Richard A1 - Smith, A. J. A1 - Snow, T. A1 - Shebanova, O. A1 - Sutter, J. P. A1 - Hermida-Merino, D. A1 - Smales, Glen Jacob A1 - Terrill, N. J. A1 - Thünemann, Andreas A1 - Bras, W. T1 - Extending SAXS instrument ranges through addition of a portable, inexpensive USAXS module N2 - Ultra-SAXS can enhance the capabilities of existing SAXS/WAXS beamlines and laboratory instruments. A compact Ultra-SAXS module has been developed, which extends the measurable q-range with 0:0015 < q 1/nm) < 0:2, allowing structural dimensions between 30 < D(nm) < 4000 to be probed in addition to the range covered by a high-end SAXS/WAXS instrument. By shifting the module components in and out on their respective motor stages, SAXS/WAXS measurements can be easily and rapidly interleaved with USAXS measurements. KW - Small-angle scattering PY - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-504867 UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.00080 SN - 2331-8422 SP - 1 EP - 25 PB - Cornell University CY - Ithaca, NY AN - OPUS4-50486 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pauw, Brian Richard A1 - Smith, A.J. A1 - Snow, T. A1 - Shebanova, O. A1 - Sutter, J.P. A1 - Ilavsky, J. A1 - Hermida-Merino, D. A1 - Smales, Glen Jacob A1 - Terrill, N.J. A1 - Thünemann, Andreas A1 - Bras, W. T1 - Extending synchrotron SAXS instrument ranges through addition of a portable, inexpensive USAXS module with vertical rotation axes N2 - Ultra-SAXS can enhance the capabilities of existing synchrotron SAXS/WAXS beamlines. A compact ultra-SAXS module has been developed, which extends the measurable q-range with 0.0015 ≤ q (nm−1) ≤ 0.2, allowing structural dimensions in the range 30 ≤ D (nm) ≤ 4000 to be probed in addition to the range covered by a high-end SAXS/WAXS instrument. By shifting the module components in and out on their respective motor stages, SAXS/WAXS measurements can be easily and rapidly interleaved with USAXS measurements. The use of vertical crystal rotation axes (horizontal diffraction) greatly simplifies the construction, at minimal cost to efficiency. In this paper, the design considerations, realization and synchrotron findings are presented. Measurements of silica spheres, an alumina membrane, and a porous carbon catalyst are provided as application examples. KW - X-ray scattering KW - Microstructure KW - Instrumentation KW - SAXS KW - USAXS KW - Nanostructure KW - Combined techniques PY - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-524919 VL - 28 IS - 3 SP - 824 EP - 833 PB - IUCR AN - OPUS4-52491 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Buchert, M. A1 - Sutter, J. A1 - Alwast, H. A1 - Schütz, N. A1 - Weimann, Karin T1 - Ökobilanzielle Betrachtung des Recyclings von Gipskartonplatten N2 - Gips ist ein Baustoff, der in den letzten Jahrzehnten in Deutschland mit steigender Tendenz nachgefragt wurde. Diese Nachfrage wird derzeit zum überwiegenden Teil (gut 60%) durch Rauch-gasentschwefelungsgips (REA-Gips) als Nebenprodukt aus der Kohleverstromung gedeckt. Der weitere Gipsbedarf wird durch die Gewinnung von Naturgipsvorkommen in Deutschland befriedigt. In Konse-quenz aus den nationalen Klimaschutzzielen und der Energiewende wird die Versorgung der Gipsin-dustrie mit REA-Gips mittel- und langfristig sehr stark zurückgehen. Das Recycling von Gips wird als ein Beitrag zur Dämpfung von möglichen zukünftigen Versorgungsproblemen gesehen. Das wichtige Verbrauchsegment Gipskartonplatten ist gleichzeitig die wichtigste potentielle Versorgungsquelle für das Gipsrecycling. Ziel des Ufoplan-Vorhabens „Ökobilanzielle Betrachtung des Recyclings von Gipskar-tonplatten“ war es, den aktuellen Stand des Gipsrecyclings in Deutschland und in ausgewählten anderen europäischen Staaten zu fassen. Die Szenarienergebnisse zum Ufoplanprojekt ergeben ein eindeutig wachsendes Potenzial für die Gewinnung von RC-Gips aus rückgebauten Gipskartonplatten in Deutsch-land. Die Ökobilanzergebnisse, die im Rahmen des Projekts gewonnen wurden, zeigen bei fast allen Wirkungskategorien eine ökologische Vorteilhaftigkeit der Recyclingroute gegenüber der Ver¬sorgung mit REA-Gips. Im Falle des Vergleichs zwischen der RC-Gips-Route und der Route aus heimischem Na-turgips ergeben sich differenzierte Ökobilanzergebnisse. Der Einstieg der deutschen Gipsindustrie in den RC-Gips-Markt ist zumindest für die Herstellung von Gipskartonplatten zunächst gelungen. Nun gilt es in den nächsten Jahren die Mengen an RC-Gips in Deutschland zu erhöhen. Für die Etablierung weite-rer Gipsrecyclinganlagen in Deutschland ist deren Wirtschaft¬lichkeit durch Vermeidung von zu niedri-gen Deponiepreisen für Gipsabfälle zu unterstützen. Perspektivisch ist für eine möglichst gute Umwelt-bilanz des Gipsrecyclings in Deutschland die Etablierung einer höheren Zahl von Recyclinganlagen (ausgehend von den 2 Anlagen im Jahr 2016) für Gipskartonplatten sehr wichtig. N2 - The demand in Germany for the construction material gypsum developed increasingly over the previ-ous decades. Currently, this demand is mainly fulfilled (at least 60%) by gypsum as a side product of the flue gas desulphurization in the electricity production process at coal power plants. Germany’s natural gypsum deposits fulfil the remaining gypsum demand. As a consequence of the national cli-mate protection goals and the “Energiewende”, the gypsum supply from coal power plants will de-crease significantly over the mid to long term Gypsum recycling is seen as one contributing factor to dampen possible future demand problems. Using recycled gypsum in gypsum plaster boards, the most important application for gypsum, is currently also the most significant recycling application. The pro-ject “Life cycle assessment of the recycling from gypsum plaster boards“, commissioned by the German Federal Environment Agency (UBA), sought to assess the state of the art of gypsum recycling in Ger-many and selected other European countries. The scenarios for the Ufoplan project result in a clearly growing potential for the production of RC gypsum from recycled plaster boards in Germany. The life cycle assessment (LCA) results obtained during the project show an ecological advantage of the recy-cling route compared to the supply of REA gypsum for almost all environmental impact categories. When comparing the RC gypsum option with using native natural gypsum, differentiated LCA results were obtained. The entry of the German plaster industry into the RC gypsum market has so far been successful for the production of gypsum plaster boards. In the next few years, the amount of RC gyp-sum in Germany must increase. To establish further gypsum recycling plants in Germany, their econ-omy must be supported by avoiding too low landfill prices for gypsum waste. In view of the best possi-ble environmental performance of gypsum recycling in Germany, establishing a higher number of re-cycling plants (starting from the two plants in 2016) is very important for gypsum plaster boards. KW - Gipsrecycling KW - Ökobilanz PY - 2017 UR - https://www.mueg-gipsrecycling.de/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/2017-04-24_texte_33-2017_gipsrecycling.pdf SN - 1862-4359 VL - 33/2017 SP - 1 EP - 109 PB - Umweltbundesamt CY - Dessau-Roßlau AN - OPUS4-46685 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -