TY - JOUR A1 - Recknagel, Christoph T1 - Quality Improvement of Expansion Joint Systems by Performance Related Tests of System Behaviour PY - 2002 IS - 21 SP - 5 PB - BRE CY - Garston AN - OPUS4-2303 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Alte-Teigeler, R. A1 - Recknagel, Christoph A1 - Sondermann, E. T1 - Kommentare zu den Regelungen für Fugen in Verkehrsflächen - Teil 1 PY - 2005 SN - 0039-2162 VL - 56 IS - 9 SP - 488 EP - 500 PB - Kirschbaum-Verl. CY - Bonn-Bad Godesberg AN - OPUS4-11262 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Alte-Teigeler, R. A1 - Recknagel, Christoph A1 - Sondermann, E. T1 - Kommentare zu den Regelungen für Fugen in Verkehrsflächen - Teil 2 PY - 2005 SN - 0039-2162 VL - 56 IS - 10 SP - 586 EP - 597 PB - Kirschbaum-Verl. CY - Bonn-Bad Godesberg AN - OPUS4-11263 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Alte-Teigeler, R. A1 - Recknagel, Christoph A1 - Sondermann, E. T1 - Kommentare zu den Regelungen für Fugen in Verkehrsflächen - Teil 3 PY - 2005 SN - 0039-2162 VL - 56 IS - 11 SP - 646 EP - 657 PB - Kirschbaum-Verl. CY - Bonn-Bad Godesberg AN - OPUS4-11264 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Recknagel, Christoph T1 - Potential of dynamic-mechanical analysis toward a complementary material and system testing approach for structural glazing N2 - Dynamic-mechanical material analysis as a basis for a general performance exploration complemented by system testing under superimposed climatic and mechanical loading seems to be a promising interdependent test approach addressing the performance behavior of construction sealants under more realistic conditions. With this contribution an attempt is made to adapt dynamic-mechanical material analysis, which has been already successfully validated for different construction types of expansion joint systems in road and bridge engineering, to the field of construction sealants for building façades. Test results from dynamic-mechanical material analysis characterizing the temperature-dependent, deformation-dependent, and frequency-dependent behavior of structural sealant materials are presented and exemplarily discussed for three different sealant products. An attempt is made to address unknown material characteristics in the multi-dimensional loading matrix representing practical use conditions. Furthermore, the applicability of this test approach and its various complex test modes for the exploration of technological performance and especially estimation of fatigue behavior is verified in several examples. Based on this fundamental material exploration, it is planned to complement the dynamic-mechanical assessment methodology by means of system tests on a section of a structural glazing system subjected to a simplified but superimposed loading function. The technical fundamentals and the procedure proposed to develop an adequate system test mode are introduced. The motivation for these investigations is to identify the actual mechanical system behavior under load combinations and for specimens that both closer resemble reality. The objective is to achieve a consistent and interdependent test program complementary to the existing methodology. Finally, the study is meant to initiate further progress toward a performance-related methodology which considers the design, specification, material, and system selection. KW - Civil engineering and buidling materials PY - 2012 UR - http://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI104124.htm U6 - https://doi.org/10.1520/JAI104124 SN - 1546-962X VL - 9 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 17(?) PB - American Society for Testing and Materials CY - West Conshohocken, Pa. AN - OPUS4-25887 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Recknagel, Christoph A1 - Goebbels, Jürgen A1 - Meinel, Dietmar T1 - Möglichkeiten der Strukturkennzeichnung von Asphalten mittels 3D-Computertomographie N2 - Die Struktur eines Materials bestimmt wesentlich dessen Gebrauchsverhalten. Diese einfache Weisheit ist Motivation für die ständige Weiterentwicklung des Untersuchungsinstrumentariums zur Gefügekennzeichnung von Baustoffen. Nachdem die Gefügeaufklärung insbesondere bei mineralischen Baustoffen bereits integrierter Bestandteil der Baustoffcharakterisierung ist, erhöht insbesondere die zunehmende Spezialisierung und Weiterentwicklung der Asphaltbaustoffe zusammen mit der Forderung nach gebrauchsgerechtem Leistungsnachweis den Bedarf an methodischer Entwicklung bei der Strukturkennzeichnung. Besondere Möglichkeiten zur tiefenaufgelösten und zerstörungsfreien räumlichen Visualisierung des Gefüges, der Ableitung strukturbeschreibender Kennwerte aber auch für eine anschließende Diskretisierung der inneren Struktur mittels finiter Elemente bietet das Verfahren der Computertomographie mit Röntgenstrahlen. Mit Hilfe verschiedener Anwendungen soll auf die Möglichkeiten dieser Methodik aufmerksam gemacht werden. KW - Innere Struktur KW - Asphalte KW - Hohlraumgehalt und -verteilung KW - Phasenanalyse KW - Strukturelle Artefakte PY - 2008 SN - 0039-2162 VL - 2 SP - 65 EP - 74 PB - Kirschbaum-Verl. CY - Bonn-Bad Godesberg AN - OPUS4-16725 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eilers, M. A1 - Altkrüger, Sabine A1 - Recknagel, Christoph T1 - Hohlraumreiches Asphalttraggerüst mit nachträglichem Verguss als schnelles Abdichtungssystem auf Brücken KW - Innere Struktur KW - Asphalte KW - Hohlraumgehalt und -verteilung KW - Phasenanalyse KW - Strukturelle Artefakte PY - 2008 SN - 0039-2162 IS - 6 SP - 355 EP - 358 PB - Kirschbaum-Verl. CY - Bonn-Bad Godesberg AN - OPUS4-18288 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weigel, Sandra A1 - Recknagel, Christoph T1 - FTIR-Charakterisierung von Bitumen - Möglichkeiten und Chancen N2 - Das erdölstammige Bindemittel Bitumen weist eine so komplexe Struktur auf, dass diese mit den derzeit eingesetzten Verfahren nur eingeschränkt erfasst werden kann. Eine innovative und vielversprechende Möglichkeit bietet in diesem Zusammenhang die FTIR-Spektroskopie in Kombination mit einer chemometrischen Auswertung, mit der schnell und einfach Aussagen über die Zusammensetzung sowie verschiedenste physikalische und chemische Eigenschaften von bitumenhaltigen Materialien möglich werden. KW - Bitumen KW - FTIR KW - Chemometrie KW - Multivariate Analysemethoden KW - Charakterisierung KW - Identifizierung von Additiven PY - 2021 SN - 1618-8357 SP - 42 EP - 49 PB - ALPHA Informationsgesellschaft mbH CY - Lampertheim AN - OPUS4-53486 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weigel, Sandra A1 - Gehrke, M. A1 - Recknagel, Christoph A1 - Stephan, D. T1 - Identification and quantification of additives in bituminous binders based on FTIR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis methods N2 - Bitumen is a crucial building material in road construction, which is exposed to continuously higher stresses due to higher traffic loads and changing climatic conditions. Therefore, various additives are increasingly being added to the bitumen complicating the characterisation of the bituminous binder, especially concerning the reuse of reclaimed asphalt. Therefore, this work aimed to demonstrate that the combination of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy with attenuated total reflexion (ATR) technique and multivariate evaluation is a very wellsuited method to reliable identify and quantify additives in bituminous binders. For this purpose, various unmodified and modified binders, directly and extracted from laboratory and reclaimed asphalts, were investigated with FTIR-ATR spectroscopy. The determined spectra, pre-processed by standard normal variate (SNV) transformation and the determination of the 1st derivation, were evaluated using factor Analysis (FA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and partial least square regression (PLSR). With this multivariate evaluation, first, a significant model with a very high hit rate of over 90% was developed allowing for the identification of styrene-butadiene copolymers (SBC), ethylene-copolymer bitumen (ECB) and different waxes (e.g. amide and Fischer-Tropsch wax) even if the additives do not show any additional peaks or the samples are multi-modified. Second, a quantification of the content is possible for SBC, ECB, and Amide wax with a mean error of RMSE B 0.4 wt% and a coefficient of determination of R2[90%. Based on these results, FTIR identification and quantification of additives in bituminous binders is a very promising method with a great potential. KW - Bituminous binders KW - FTIR-ATR KW - Multivariate evaluation KW - Identification and quantification of additives KW - Polymers KW - Waxes PY - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-534877 VL - 54 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Springer AN - OPUS4-53487 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wallau, Wilma A1 - Recknagel, Christoph A1 - Smales, Glen Jacob T1 - Structural silicone sealants after exposure to laboratory test for durability assessment N2 - During the service life of structural sealant glazing (SSG) facades, the loadbearing capacity of the silicone bonds needs to be guaranteed. Laboratory Tests can assess the durability of SSG-systems based on mechanical characteristics of the bond after simultaneous exposure to both climatic and mechanical loads. This article studies how the material characteristics of two common structural sealants are affected by laboratory and field exposure. Dynamic mechanical Analysis (DMA) confirms a reduction in the dynamic modulus of exposed Silicone samples. Results from thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and small-angle X-ray scattering/wide-angle X-ray scattering show differences between the two sealants and indicate no/minor changes in the composition and morphology of the laboratory and field exposed sealants. Mechanical characterization methods, such as DMA, and tensile and shear testing of the structural bond, are shown to be sensitive toward the combined climatic and mechanical loadings, and are hence suitable for studying degradation mechanisms of structural sealants. KW - Aging KW - Analytical methods KW - Fatigue KW - Silicone elastomer KW - Structural sealant glazing PY - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-527217 VL - 138 IS - 35 SP - 50881 PB - Wiley AN - OPUS4-52721 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -