TY - JOUR A1 - Linsinger, T. A1 - Andrzejuk, W. A1 - Bau, A. A1 - Charoud-Got, J. A1 - De VOs, P. A1 - Emteborg, H. A1 - Hearn, R. A1 - Lamberty, A. A1 - Oostra, A. A1 - Pritzkow, Wolfgang A1 - Quétel, C. A1 - Roebben, G. A1 - Tresl, I. A1 - Vogl, Jochen A1 - Wood, S. T1 - Production of three certified reference materials for the sulfur content in gasoline (petrol) N2 - Directive 2003/17/EC of the European Parliament and the European Council stipulates that petrol (gasoline) with a total sulfur content below 10 mg kg-1 must be available in all European Union member states by 2009. Three certified reference materials were produced in support of this directive in a joint effort of the members of the European Reference Materials Initiative (ERM). Two of the materials were made from commercial petrol, while the third one was prepared from a blend of commercial petrols. Relative between-ampule heterogeneity of the materials was quantified and found to be below 2.5%. Potential degradation during storage and dispatch was quantified, and shelf lives based on these values were set. The three materials were characterized by three institutes using different variants of isotope-dilution mass spectrometry. The results from the three institutes were combined, and the final uncertainties of the respective sulfur mass fractions were estimated including contributions from heterogeneity, stability, and characterization. The following mass fractions were derived: ERM-EF211, 48.8 ± 1.7 mg kg-1; ERM-EF212, 20.2 ± 1.1 mg kg-1; and ERM-EF213, 9.1 ± 0.8 mg kg-1. KW - CRM KW - IDMS KW - ERM PY - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/ef070155t SN - 0887-0624 SN - 1520-5029 VL - 21 IS - 4 SP - 2240 EP - 2244 PB - ACS Publ. CY - Washington, DC AN - OPUS4-16371 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pritzkow, Wolfgang A1 - Wunderli, S. A1 - Vogl, Jochen A1 - Fortunato, G. T1 - The isotope abundances and the atomic weight of cadmium by a metrological approach N2 - Gravimetric synthetic mixtures of seven enriched, purified cadmium isotope materials were used to determine the correction factors for mass fractionation (MC-TIMS) and mass discrimination (MC-ICP-MS). The isotope abundance ratios determined for various natural cadmium materials represents the isotope composition for natural cadmium materials. Correction of the isotope abundance ratios observed yielded isotope abundances of 106Cd 0.012450(8), 108Cd 0.008884(4), 110Cd 0.124846(16), 111Cd 0.127955(14), 112Cd 0.241110(38), 113Cd 0.122254(22), 114Cd 0.287439(60) and 116Cd 0.075183(32). The newly determined atomic weight of natural cadmium based on SI-traceable evaluation of the isotope abundance ratios is 112.41384(18). The cadmium material designated in the paper as Cd-2211 can be used as an isotope reference material with a δ(114Cd/110Cd)-value of 0‰. The results obtained show that the uncertainties for the isotope abundances and the atomic weight given as IUPAC values for cadmium are overestimated. KW - Atomic weight KW - Isotope abundance KW - Isotopic composition KW - Cadmium PY - 2007 SN - 0168-1176 SN - 0020-7381 SN - 1387-3806 SN - 1873-2798 VL - 261 IS - 1 SP - 74 EP - 85 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-14543 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -