TY - GEN A1 - Fedelich, Bernard A1 - Kiyak, Yusuf A1 - May, Thomas A1 - Pfennig, Anja ED - Gdoutos, E. T1 - Simulation of crack growth under low cycle fatigue at high temperature in a single crystal superalloy T2 - 16th European Conference of Fracture "Fracture of Nano and Engineering Materials and Structures" CY - Alexandroupolis, Greece DA - 2006-07-03 KW - Simulation KW - Experiment KW - Crack growth KW - Low cycle fatigue KW - High temperature KW - Single crystal KW - Superalloy KW - Oxidation PY - 2006 SN - 1-402-04971-4 IS - 900_tra SP - 8 pages PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht AN - OPUS4-12556 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Schulz, Sabrina A1 - Kranzmann, Axel T1 - Supercritical CO2-corrosion of steels in CCS environment T2 - TMS 2013, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, 142nd Annual Meeting CY - San Antonio, TX, USA DA - 2013-03-03 PY - 2013 AN - OPUS4-27934 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Linke, Barbara A1 - Schulz, Sabrina A1 - Kranzmann, Axel T1 - Supercritical CO2-corrosion in pipe steels during carbon capture and storage CCS T2 - 4th International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Environment CY - Bangkok, Thailand DA - 2012-02-23 PY - 2012 AN - OPUS4-27935 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Schulz, Sabrina A1 - Kranzmann, Axel T1 - Influence of pressure, CO2 and cromium-content of injection pipe steels on the reliability of a saline aquifer water CCS-site in the Northern German Basin T2 - Green House Gase Emission Reduction Technologies Conference (GHGT11) CY - Kyoto, Japan DA - 2012-11-18 PY - 2012 AN - OPUS4-27936 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Wiegand, Reiner A1 - Wolf, Marcus A1 - Kranzmann, Axel A1 - Bork, Claus-Peter T1 - Corrosion fatigue behavior and S-N-curve of AiSi 420 exposed to CCS-environment obtained from laboratory in-situ-experiments T2 - Green House Gase Emission Reduction Technologies Conference (GHGT11) CY - Kyoto, Japan DA - 2012-11-18 PY - 2012 AN - OPUS4-27937 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Zastrow, Philip A1 - Kranzmann, Axel T1 - Supercritical CO2-corrosion in heat treated pipe steels during carbon capture and storage CCS T2 - Sustainable Future Energy 2012 and 10th SEE Forum CY - Brunei Darussalam DA - 2012-11-21 PY - 2012 AN - OPUS4-27938 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Zastrow, Philip A1 - Wiegand, Reiner A1 - Wolf, Marcus A1 - Kranzmann, Axel T1 - Determining Corrosion behaviour of steels from experiments in CCS-conditions T2 - 9th International Congress "Machines, Technologies, Materials" CY - Varna, Bulgaria DA - 2012-09-19 PY - 2012 AN - OPUS4-27939 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Zastrow, Philip A1 - Kranzmann, Axel T1 - Influence of heat treatment on the corrosion behaviour of stainless steels exposed to CO2-saturated saline aquifer water T2 - EUROCORR 2012 CY - Istanbul, Turkey DA - 2012-09-09 PY - 2012 AN - OPUS4-27940 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Schulz, Sabrina A1 - Werlitz, T. A1 - Bülow, E. A1 - Wetzlich, S. A1 - Tietböhl, J. A1 - Frieslich, C. A1 - Kranzmann, Axel T1 - Predicting the life time of steels in CCS environment from long term local corrosion experiments T2 - 20th International Confernece on Modelling, Monitoring and Management of Air Pollution (Air Pollution XX) CY - A Coruna, Spain DA - 2012-05-16 PY - 2012 AN - OPUS4-27941 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Schulz, S. A1 - Werlitz, T. A1 - Bülow, E. A1 - Wetzlich, S. A1 - Tietböhl, J. A1 - Frieslich, C. A1 - Kranzmann, Axel T1 - Influence of heat treatment on the corrosion of steels in CCS environment T2 - TMS 2012 - 141st Annual Meeting & Exhibition CY - Orlando, FL, USA DA - 2012-03-11 KW - CCS KW - Carbon capture and storage KW - Corrosion KW - Steel KW - Pipeline KW - Carbon KW - Heat treatment KW - CO2-storage PY - 2012 SN - 978-1-11829-607-3 VL - 1 IS - Supplemental Proceedings SP - 103 EP - 110 PB - John Wiley & Sons CY - Hoboken, NJ, USA AN - OPUS4-28007 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Linke, B. A1 - Schulze, S. A1 - Kranzmann, Axel T1 - Corrosion in pipe steels exposed to supercritical CO2 during carbon capture and storage CCS N2 - The CCS technique involves the compression of emission gasses in deep geological layers. To guarantee the safety of the site, CO2-corrosion of the injection pipe steels has to be given special attention when engineering CCS-sites. To get to know the corrosion behaviour samples of the heat treated steel 1.72252CrMo4, used for casing, and the stainless injection-pipe steel 1.4034 X46Cr13 were kept at T=60 °C and ambient pressure as well as p=100 bar for 700 h - 8000 h in a CC 2-saturated synthetic aquifer environment similar to possible geological on-shore CCS-sites in the northern German Basin. The isothermal corrosion behaviour obtained by mass gain of the steels in the gas phase, the liquid phase and the intermediate phase gives surface corrosion rates around 0.1 to 0.8 mm/year at ambient pressure and much lower about 0.02 to 0.2 mm/year at 100 bar where the CO 2 is in its supercritical state. Severe pit corrosion with pit heights around 4.5 mm are only located on the 42CrMo4 steel. Main phase of the continuous complicated multi-layered carbonate/oxide structure is siderite FeCO 3 in both types of steel. T2 - EUROCORR 2011 - Developing solutions for the global challenge CY - Stockholm, Sweden DA - 04.09.2011 KW - Steel KW - Pipeline KW - Corrosion KW - Carbonate layer KW - CCS KW - CO2-storage PY - 2011 SP - Paper 1044-1 EP - Paper 1044-8 AN - OPUS4-28008 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Linke, B. A1 - Schulze, S. A1 - Kranzmann, Axel T1 - Static and dynamic long term corrosion experiments in CCS-conditions N2 - Dealing with first corrosion screening experiments to predict the reliability and safety of Germanys first Carbon Capture and Storage site in the northern Bassin of Germany, northwest of the Capital Berlin, laboratory experiments have been established to simulate the particular conditions at T=60 °C, highly saline aquifer water similar to 'Stuttgart Aquifer', but only at ambient pressure. With mounting 2 independent full 2-grade titanium autoclave systems (running up to 250 bar and 300 °C) pressures up to p=100 bar are possible. In 2010 a specific corrosion chamber of 2-grade titanium working up to 100 °C, flowing aqui fer water with different gas mixtures was designed to fit to a high cycle fatigue testing machine. Long term fatigue experiments simulating fatigue crack growth under corrosive environments will soon start. These experiments may not only help engineering a CCS site, but results can be used to improve the maintenance of geothermal energy production sites, especially moved parts such as pumps and shafts. T2 - EUROCORR 2011 - Developing solutions for the global challenge CY - Stockholm, Sweden DA - 04.09.2011 KW - CO2 KW - Static corrosion KW - High cycle fatigue KW - Steel KW - CCS KW - CO2-storage KW - Corrosion PY - 2011 SP - 1 EP - 7 (Paper 1087) AN - OPUS4-28009 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Schulz, Sabrina A1 - Kranzmann, Axel A1 - Werlitz, T. A1 - Bülow, E. A1 - Wetzlich, S. A1 - Frieslich, C. A1 - Tietböhl, J. T1 - Influence of heat treatment on the corrosion of steels in CCS Environment T2 - TMS 2012, 141st Annual Meeting and Exhibition CY - Orlando, FL, USA DA - 2012-03-11 PY - 2012 AN - OPUS4-27942 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Wolf, Marcus A1 - Bork, Claus-Peter T1 - Corrosion fatigue of X46Cr13 at 60 °C exposed to CO2-saturated geothermal brine N2 - In geothermal power plants the materials used in pumps are loaded cyclically and exposed constantly to the highly corrosive hot thermal water. The lifetime reduction of AISI 420C (X46Cr13, 1.4034) is demonstrated in in-situ-laboratory experiments (T=60 °C, geothermal brine: Stuttgart Aquifer flow rate: 9 l/h, CO2). S-N plots, micrographic-, phase-, fractographic- and surface analysis were applied to obtain sustainable information on the corrosion fatigue behavior. Maximum number of cycles (here 12.5 x 106 cycles to failure) is reached at σa =173 MPa. No typical fatigue strength exists and passive corrosion fatigue may be identified as failure cause. T2 - EUROCORR 2012 - The European corrosion congress CY - Istanbul, Turkey DA - 2012-09-09 KW - Steel KW - Corrosion fatigue KW - Corrosion chamber KW - CCS KW - CO2-storage PY - 2012 SP - 1 EP - 11 AN - OPUS4-28586 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Kranzmann, Axel T1 - Reliability of pipe steels with different amounts of C and Cr during onshore carbon dioxide injection N2 - During the compression of emission gasses into deep geological layers (Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage, CCS) CO2-corrosion will become a relevant safety issue. The reliability of the steels used at a geological onshore CCS-site in the Northern German Bassin 42CrMo4 (1.7225, AISI 4140) used for casing, and the injection pipe steels X46Cr13 (1.4034, AISI 420 C), X20Cr13 (1.4021, AISI 420 J) as well as X35CrMo17 (1.4122) is demonstrated in laboratory experiments. Samples were kept in a synthetic aquifer environment at T = 60 °C. This corrosive environment is then saturated with technical CO2 at a flow rate of 3 l/h. Microstructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction, light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis, after a series of heat treatments (700 h to 2 years). The non-linear isothermal surface corrosion behaviour of the steels reveals surface corrosion rates around 0.1–0.8 mm/year, when obtained by mass gain. Severe pit corrosion (pit heights ca. 4.5 mm) are only located on the injection pipe steels. Main phases of the continuous scales are siderite FeCO3 and goethite α-FeOOH. The formation of the non-protective layer is likely to form via a transient Fe(OH)2-phase. KW - Steel KW - Pipe KW - Corrosion KW - Carbonate layer KW - CO2-injection KW - CO2-storage CCS PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2011.03.006 SN - 1750-5836 VL - 5 IS - 4 SP - 757 EP - 769 PB - Elsevier CY - New York, NY [u.a.] AN - OPUS4-25533 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Schulz, Sabrina A1 - Linke, Barbara A1 - Kranzmann, Axel T1 - Supercritical CO2-corrosion in pipe steels during carbon capture and storage CCS N2 - The CCS technique involves the compression of emission gasses in deep geological layers. To guarantee the safety of the site, C02-corrosion of the injection pipe steels has to be given special attention when engineering CCSsites. To get to know the corrosion behaviour samples of the heat treated Steel 1.72252CrMo4, used for casing, and the stainless injection-pipe Steel 1.4034 X46Cr 13 were kept at T=60 °C and ambient pressure as well as p=100 bar for 700 h - 8000 h in a C02-saturated synthetic aquifer environment similar to possible geological on-shore CCS-sites in the northern German Basin. The isothermal corrosion behaviour obtained by mass gain of the steels in the gas phase, the liquid phase and the intermediate phase gives surface corrosion rates around 0.1 to 0.8 mm/year at ambient pressure and much lower about 0.02 to 0.2 mm/year at 100 bar where the C02 is in its supercritical state. Severe pit corrosion with pit heights around 4.5 mm are only located on the 42CrMo4 Steel. Main phase of the continuous complicated multi-layered carbonate/oxide structure is siderite FeCO} in both types of Steel. T2 - 4th International conference on sustainable energy and environment (SEE 2011) - A paradigm shift to low carbon society CY - Bangkok, Thailand DA - 23.11.2011 KW - Steel KW - Pipeline KW - Corrosion KW - Carbonate layer KW - CCS KW - Supercritical CO2- KW - CO2-storage PY - 2011 SP - 1 EP - 6 AN - OPUS4-25534 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Linke, Barbara A1 - Schulz, Sabrina A1 - Kranzmann, Axel T1 - Supercritical CO2-corrosion in pipe steels during carbon capture and storage CCS N2 - The CCS technique involves the compression of emission gasses in deep geological layers. To guarantee the safety of the site, CC>2-corrosion of the injection pipe steels has to be given special attention when engineering CCS-sites. To get to know the corrosion behaviour samples of the heat treated Steel 1.72252CrMo4, used for casing, and the stainless injection-pipe Steel 1.4034 X46Crl3 were kept at T=60 °C and ambient pressure as well as p=100 bar for 700 h - 8000 h in a CC>2-saturated synthetic aquifer environment similar to possible geological onshore CCS-sites in the northern German Basin. The isothermal corrosion behaviour obtained by mass gain of the steels in the gas phase, the liquid phase and the intermediate phase gives surface corrosion rates around 0.1 to 0.8 mm/year at ambient pressure and much lower about 0.02 to 0.2 mm/year at 100 bar where the CO2 is in its supercritical state. Severe pit corrosion with pit heights around 4.5 mm are only located on the 42CrMo4 Steel. Main phase of the continuous complicated multi-layered carbonate/oxide structure is siderite FeCCh in both types of Steel. T2 - 3rd International congress on green process engineering (GPE 2011) CY - Kuala-Lumpur, Malaysia DA - 06.12.2011 KW - Steel KW - Pipeline KW - Corrosion KW - Carbonate layer KW - CCS KW - Supercritical CO2- KW - CO2-storage PY - 2011 SP - 1 EP - 6 AN - OPUS4-25535 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Wojtas, P. A1 - Spengler, I. A1 - Kranzmann, Axel T1 - Effect of heat treatment of injection pipe steels on the formation of local corrosion in CCS-environment N2 - When engineering a Carbon Capture and Storage site (CCS) local corrosion (pitting) of the injection pipe steel may become an issue when emission gasses from oxyfuel power plants are compressed into deep geological layers. This highly corrosive environment arises when the flue gasses, mainly composed of CO2 , are injected into saline aquifer water. Immediately carbonic acid is formed causing corrosive attack of the injection steels. The influence of heat treatment on the local corrosion resistance was demonstrated in laboratory experiments at 60 °C and ambient pressure for three steels X46Cr13 (1.4034), X20Cr13 (1.4021) and X5CrNiCuNb16-4 (1.4543) under a similar liquid corrosive environment as found at a geological onshore CCS-site in the Northern German Bassin. T2 - 2nd Oxyfuel combustion conference CY - Yeppoon, Queensland, Australia DA - 12.09.2011 KW - Steel KW - Pipe KW - Corrosion KW - Heat treatment KW - CO2-injection KW - CO2-storage CCS KW - Carbonate KW - Ambient pressure KW - CCS KW - Steels PY - 2011 SP - 1 EP - 3 AN - OPUS4-25536 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kiyak, Yusuf A1 - Fedelich, Bernard A1 - May, Thomas A1 - Pfennig, Anja T1 - Simulation of crack growth under low cycle fatigue at high temperature in a single crystal superalloy N2 - Crack growth tests have been performed at 950 °C with Single Edge Notch specimens of the Ni-based single crystal superalloy PWA1483. In particular, several orientations and frequencies have been investigated, thus allowing the assessment of the influence of these parameters on the crack growth rate. In addition, oxidation experiments have been carried out to characterize the kinetics of the outer oxide scale growth at the same temperature. On the other side, crack growth has been simulated with the Finite Element program ABAQUS in real test conditions by the node release technique. The nodes are released according to the measured crack growth rate. The simulation results are compared with the test results on the basis of the computed Crack Tip Opening Displacement (CTOD). For this purpose, the crack is propagated until a stabilized value of the CTOD is obtained. This is usually the case when the crack has crossed the initial plastic zone. The procedure provides an evaluation of the effects of cycle frequency, crystal orientation, plasticity and oxide induced crack closure. KW - Finite element analysis KW - Low cycle fatigue KW - Creep-fatigue KW - Crack growth KW - Nickel-based superalloys PY - 2008 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2007.08.002 SN - 0013-7944 SN - 1873-7315 VL - 75 IS - 8 SP - 2418 EP - 2443 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Kidlington AN - OPUS4-16690 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Kranzmann, Axel T1 - Oxidation of a single crystal Nickel-Base Superalloy at 950°C - a kinetik and microstructure study T2 - NACE Corrosion Conference CY - New Orleans, LA, USA DA - 2008-03-16 PY - 2008 AN - OPUS4-17196 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -