TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Kranzmann, Axel T1 - Integrity of casing and injection pipe steels during carbon capture and storage CCS N2 - During carbon capture and storage (CCS) CO2-corrosion of pipe steels is a relevant safety issue when emission gasses are compressed in deep geological layers. The reliability of the steels 42CrMo4, X20Cr13, X46Cr13 and X35CrMo17 is demonstrated in long term laboratory experiments up to 2 years of exposure time. Testings were carried out at ambient pressure under an equivalent corrosive environment as found at the geological onshore CCS-site at Ketzin, Germany (T=60 °C, aquifer water). T2 - i-SUP 2010 (Innovation for Sustainable Production) CY - Bruges, Belgium DA - 2010-04-18 KW - CCS KW - Corrosion rate KW - Corrosion layer KW - Steel KW - Pipeline PY - 2010 SP - 1 EP - 5(?) AN - OPUS4-23620 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Kranzmann, Axel ED - Roland Span, ED - Ingo Weber, T1 - Effect of CO2 on the stability of steels with 1% and 13% Cr in saline water T2 - 15th International Conference on the Properties of Water and Steam (ICPWS XV), "Water, Steam, and Aqueous Solutions - Advances in Science and Technology for Power Generation" CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2008-09-07 KW - Steel KW - Corrosion KW - Injection tube KW - Carbonate scale KW - CO2-storage KW - CO2-injection PY - 2008 SN - 978-3-931384-64-7 IS - Session 06: Electro-12 SP - 1 EP - 11 AN - OPUS4-17869 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Kranzmann, Axel T1 - Effects of saline aquifere water on the corrosion behaviour of injection pipe steels 1.4034 and 1.7225 during exposure to CO2 environment N2 - CO2-corrosion of injection pipe steels is a relevant safety issue when emission gasses are compressed in deep geological layers (CCS). The reliability of the steels used at the geological onshore CCS-site at Ketzin, Germany, is demonstrated in laboratory experiments under an equivalent corrosive environment (T=60 °C,p=1-60 bar, aquifer water, CO2-flow rate of 3 l/h, 700 h–8000 h heat treatment). Corrosion kinetics and microstructures were characterized using samples of the heat treated steel 1.7225 (AISI 4140, 42CrMo4) used for casing, and samples of the martensitic stainless injection-pipe steel 1.4034 (AISI 420, X46Cr13). KW - Steel KW - Pipeline KW - Corrosion KW - Carbonate layer KW - CCS KW - CO2-injection KW - CO2-storage PY - 2009 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.080 SN - 1876-6102 VL - 1 IS - 1 SP - 3023 EP - 3029 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-19393 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Kranzmann, Axel T1 - Reliability of pipe steels with different amounts of C and Cr during onshore carbon dioxide injection N2 - During the compression of emission gasses into deep geological layers (Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage, CCS) CO2-corrosion will become a relevant safety issue. The reliability of the steels used at a geological onshore CCS-site in the Northern German Bassin 42CrMo4 (1.7225, AISI 4140) used for casing, and the injection pipe steels X46Cr13 (1.4034, AISI 420 C), X20Cr13 (1.4021, AISI 420 J) as well as X35CrMo17 (1.4122) is demonstrated in laboratory experiments. Samples were kept in a synthetic aquifer environment at T = 60 °C. This corrosive environment is then saturated with technical CO2 at a flow rate of 3 l/h. Microstructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction, light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis, after a series of heat treatments (700 h to 2 years). The non-linear isothermal surface corrosion behaviour of the steels reveals surface corrosion rates around 0.1–0.8 mm/year, when obtained by mass gain. Severe pit corrosion (pit heights ca. 4.5 mm) are only located on the injection pipe steels. Main phases of the continuous scales are siderite FeCO3 and goethite α-FeOOH. The formation of the non-protective layer is likely to form via a transient Fe(OH)2-phase. KW - Steel KW - Pipe KW - Corrosion KW - Carbonate layer KW - CO2-injection KW - CO2-storage CCS PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2011.03.006 SN - 1750-5836 VL - 5 IS - 4 SP - 757 EP - 769 PB - Elsevier CY - New York, NY [u.a.] AN - OPUS4-25533 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Kranzmann, Axel T1 - Impact of saline aquifer water on surface and shallow pit corrosion of martensitic stainless steels during exposure to CO2 environment (CCS) N2 - Pipe steels suitable for carbon capture and storage technology (CCS) require resistance against the corrosive environment of a potential CCS-site, e.g. heat, pressure, salinity of the aquifer, CO2-partial pressure. Samples of different mild and high alloyed stainless injection-pipe steels partially heat treated: 42CrMo4, X20Cr13, X46Cr13, X35CrMo4 as well as X5CrNiCuNb16-4 were kept at T=60 °C and ambient pressure as well as p=100 bar for 700 h - 8000 h in a CO2-saturated synthetic aquifer environment similar to possible geological on-shore CCS-sites in the northern German Basin. Main corrosion products are FeCO3 and FeOOH. Corrosion rates obtained at 100 bar are generally much lower than those measured at ambient pressure. Highest surface corrosion rates are 0.8 mm/year for 42CrMo4 and lowest 0.01 mm/year for X5CrNiCuNb16-4 in the vapour phase at ambient pressure. At 100 bar the highest corrosion rates are 0.01 mm/year for 42CrMo4, X20Cr13 (liquid phase), X46Cr13 and less than 0.01 mm/year for X35CrMo4 and X5CrNiCuNb16-4 after 8000 h of exposure with no regard to atmosphere. Martensitic microstructure offers good corrosion resistance. T2 - 8th International Conference on Future Environment and Energy (ICFEE 2018) CY - Phuket, Thailand DA - 10.01.2018 KW - CCS KW - CO2 corrosion KW - Pipeline PY - 2018 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-465896 DO - https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/150/1/012012 VL - 150 SP - 81 EP - 90 PB - IOP Publ. AN - OPUS4-46589 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Fedelich, Bernard T1 - Oxidation of single crystal PWA 1483 at 950 °C in flowing air N2 - The oxidation behaviour of single crystal PWA 1483 at 950 °C was investigated by means of XRD, SEM and EDS. The parabolic oxidation behaviour, as defined by mass gain and the respective oxide layer thicknesses, is characterized by a parabolic rate constant of about 4 × 10-6 mg²/(cm4 × s) and the formation of a multi-layered oxide scale. An outer scale contains a Ti-bearing thin film composed of TiO2 and NiTiO3 but mostly Cr in Cr2O3 and (Ni/Co)Cr2O4 besides NiTaO4. This outer scale is connected to a discontinuous layer of Al2O3 and an area of γ?'-depletion within the base material. KW - A. Superalloys KW - B. Weight loss KW - C. Oxidation KW - C. High temperature corrosion KW - C. Kinetic parameters PY - 2008 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2008.06.033 SN - 0010-938X VL - 50 IS - 9 SP - 2484 EP - 2492 PB - Elsevier CY - Orlando, Fla. AN - OPUS4-17879 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pfennig, Anja A1 - Bäßler, Ralph T1 - Effect of CO2 on the stability of steels with 1% and 13% Cr in saline water N2 - In engineering storage sites for Carbon Sequestration the CO2-induced corrosion of injection pipe steels is a relevant safety issue when emission gasses are compressed in deep geological layers. The reliability of the steels suitable for the geological onshore CCS-site (Carbon Capture and Storage) at Ketzin, Germany, is demonstrated in laboratory experiments in equivalent corrosive environment (T = 60 °C, p = 1–60 bar, aquifer water, CO2-flow rate of 3 L/h, 700–8000 h exposure time). Corrosion kinetics and microstructures were characterized using specimens of the heat treated steel 42CrMo4 (1.7225) used for casing, and specimens of the martensitic stainless injection-pipe steel X46Cr13 (1.4034). KW - Corrosion KW - Layer products KW - Kinetics KW - Steel KW - Carbon Capture and Storage KW - Low alloyed steel KW - Stainless steel KW - SEM KW - Pitting corrosion KW - Kinetic parameters PY - 2009 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2009.01.025 SN - 0010-938X VL - 51 IS - 4 SP - 931 EP - 940 PB - Elsevier CY - Orlando, Fla. AN - OPUS4-19144 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja T1 - Evaluation of heat treatment performance of potential pipe steels in CCS-environment T2 - TMS 2015 144th Annual Meeting & Exhibition CY - Orlando, Florida, USA DA - 2015-03-15 PY - 2015 AN - OPUS4-34744 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja T1 - The Role of Austenitizing Routines of Pipe Steels During CCS T2 - TMS 2015 144th Annual Meeting & Exhibition CY - Orlando, Florida, USA DA - 2015-03-15 PY - 2015 AN - OPUS4-34745 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja T1 - High-Temperatur-High Pressure Stress-Strain Testing of Materials in CO2-Containing Saline Solutions T2 - TMS 2015, 144th Annual Meeting and Exhibition CY - Orlando, Florida, USA DA - 2015-03-15 PY - 2015 AN - OPUS4-34746 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja T1 - Einfluss der Wärmebehandlung auf die Korrosionsbeständigkeit von hochlegierten Chromhaltigen Stählen unter CCS-Bedingungen T2 - Kraftwerksforum 2015 CY - Dresden, Germany DA - 2015-10-13 PY - 2015 AN - OPUS4-34828 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja T1 - Vom Blended Learning zum Full Online – so einfach geht es nicht – Praxiserfahrungen zum Einsatz von Lehrfilmen N2 - Mit Beginn der Covid-19 Pandemie und dem damit verbundenen ausschließlichen Lehren im online-Format war die Hoffnung verbunden ein Blended Learning Lehrformat für die Studieeingangsphase ohne viel konzeptionelle Änderungen übertragen zu können. Der Kurs Werkstofftechnik als Grundlagenfach für den Maschinenbau baut sich auf inverted classroom Lehrszenarien auf, deren Lerngrundlage hierfür eigens produzierte und auf das Lernziel abgestimmte Lehrfilme und Lightboard-Vorlesungen darstellen. Im Kontext der Studieneingangsphase bieten audiovisuell stimulierende Lehrfilme umfassende Lernmedien, wenn sie analog der Lerninhalte einem technischen und didaktischen Qualitätsanspruch genügen. In der Praxis des SS2020 und WS2020/21 hat sich gezeigt, dass die Moderation und Durchführung eines online-Kurses sich deutlich von dem eins blended learning-Kurses unterscheidet. Um denselben Lernerfolg bei Studierenden zu erzielen, müs-sen Anforderungen viel genauer und detaillierter verfasst werden, Studierende enger und persönlicher begleitet werden und Lehrfilme und Lernmedien in einen Gesamtzusammenhang gestellt werden. Im Folgenden werden aus persönlicher Erfahrung heraus niederschwellige, zum Teil ungewöhnliche praktische Erfahrungen zur erfolgreichen Umsetzung von Lehrfilm-basierten inverted classroom Lehrszenarien zusammengefasst und im Hinblick auf die online-Lehre bewertet. T2 - 19. Fachtagung Bildungstechnologien (DELFI) CY - Bonn, Germany DA - 13.09.2021 KW - Inverted classroom KW - Lehrfilm KW - Lehrfilmformate KW - Online KW - Covid-19 PY - 2021 SP - 289 EP - 295 AN - OPUS4-54154 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pfennig, Anja T1 - Improving Learning Outcome for GSL (German as a Second Language) Students in a Blended Learning Cumulative Assessment Material Science Course N2 - First year students especially with migration background and language deficiencies rate material science in mechanical engineering as one of the fundamental courses with high work load and necessity of language skills due to the descriptive nature of the course. Therefore a blended learning course structure using based on inverted classroom teaching scenarios was established. Heart of the self-study period are visualizing peer-to-peer lecture films supported by micro-lectures along with various online teaching materials. Although students with migration background generally scored lower in tests due to the lack of language skills improved learning outcomes are demonstrated in high quality class discussions and in overall understanding. This paper introduces the learning structure and graded activities, evaluates the course and compares results of native German-speaking students to those of students with migration background. KW - Portfolio KW - Diversity KW - Blended learning KW - Inverted classroom KW - Lecture films PY - 2021 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-541557 DO - https://doi.org/10.17706/ijeeee.2021.11.3.93-100 SN - 2010-3654 VL - 11 IS - 3 SP - 93 EP - 100 AN - OPUS4-54155 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja T1 - How flipped classroom teaching methods in first year studying succeed N2 - Flipping the classroom is a method to let students study on their own and then take time to discuss their questions and do extended hands-on lectures or exercises in class – or in the case of the covid-19 pandemic during plenary online sessions. First year mechanical engineering students use different teaching materials (mainly lecture videos, lightboard videos and micromodule lectures) to study from a distance and comprehend the principle underlying science in theory. Then the online plenary lectures offer the opportunity to apply their knowledge and transfer different scientific aspects of the course to get the bigger picture. Exercises, worked solutions, selfassessed tests and peer-instruction during present time help students to check on their learning progress. However, the self-study periods and (online) plenary sessions need to be guided carefully. To meet the course learning outcome and overcome the diversity of a first year class various practical leads have to be fulfilled to turn flipped classroom teaching into success. T2 - 7th International Conference on Higher Education Advances (HEAd’21) CY - Valencia, Spain DA - 20.06.2021 KW - Inverted classroom KW - Flipped classroom KW - Online teaching KW - Lecture videos KW - First year students PY - 2021 DO - https://doi.org/10.4995/HEAd21.2021.12792 SP - 1211 EP - 1219 AN - OPUS4-54156 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja T1 - Predicting corrosion fatigue of steels in geothermal environment from new laboratory insitu measurement technique T2 - EnMat 2013, 2nd International Conference on Materials for Energy CY - Karlsruhe, Germany DA - 2013-05-12 PY - 2013 AN - OPUS4-30521 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja T1 - Oxidation of a single crystal Nickel-Base Superalloy at 950°C - a kinetik and microstructure study T2 - NACE Corrosion Conference CY - New Orleans, LA, USA DA - 2008-03-16 PY - 2008 AN - OPUS4-17196 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja T1 - Isothermal oxidation behavior and microstructure of the single crystal superalloy PWA 1483 at 950 C T2 - EUCOMAS 1st European Conference on Materials and Structures in Aerospace CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2008-05-26 PY - 2008 AN - OPUS4-17686 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pfennig, Anja T1 - Isothermal Oxidation Behaviour and Microstructure of the single crystal superalloy PWA 1483 at 950° C N2 - To determine the high temperature behaviour of the single crystal Ni-base superalloy PWA 1483 oxidation testing (950° C, 0 h - 1000 h) in air was carried out using samples cut perpendicular to (001)-direction. T2 - 1st EUCOMAS Conference CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2008-05-26 PY - 2008 SN - 978-3-18-092028-3 SN - 0083-5560 IS - 2028 SP - 391 EP - 392 PB - VDI-Verl. CY - Düsseldorf AN - OPUS4-17548 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja T1 - Corrosion behavior of pipe steels at the CCS-site Ketzin, Germany T2 - 10. Technologietransfertrag CY - Wildau, Germany DA - 2011-06-22 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-25492 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Pfennig, Anja T1 - Supercritical CO2-corrosion of steels in CCS environment T2 - TMS 2013, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, 142nd Annual Meeting CY - San Antonio, TX, USA DA - 2013-03-03 PY - 2013 AN - OPUS4-27934 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -