TY - JOUR A1 - Böhning, Martin A1 - Niebergall, Ute A1 - Adam, Adeline A1 - Stark, Wolfgang T1 - Impact of biodiesel sorption on mechanical properties of polyethylene N2 - The time-dependent sorption of biodiesel in a typical polyethylene for container applications is investigated in comparison to conventional diesel fuel at three different temperatures. In this context, the desorption behavior is also addressed. Subsequently, the effects of both penetrants on mechanical properties are characterized in terms of impact strength and dynamic-mechanical analysis. The discussion of property changes is firstly based on the sorption kinetics of biodiesel and diesel, which is determined by immersion experiments allowing for the calculation of respective diffusion coefficients. Changes in impact strength as determined by the Charpy method are further characterised in more detail by analyzing the fracture surfaces, and correlated with results of dynamic-mechanical analysis. KW - Biodiesel KW - Fuel sorption KW - Desorption KW - Impact strength KW - Dynamic-mechanical analysis KW - PE-HD PY - 2014 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2013.12.003 SN - 0142-9418 VL - 34 SP - 17 EP - 24 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Amsterdam [u.a.] AN - OPUS4-30096 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit A1 - Niebergall, Ute T1 - Comparison of the stress crack resistance of polyethylene grades with the test performance behaviour of packagings for the transport of dangerous goods N2 - Technically high-quality hollow articles made of polyethylene have proved many times their value as dangerous goods packagings. Design type tests according to the international regulations for the transport of dangerous goods - drop test, stacking test, hydraulic pressure test and leakproofness test must be performed for every design type and manufacturer. The properties melt flow rate (MFR), relative density (D), low temperature notched Impact strength (N.I.S.) at -30 °C, environmental stress crack resistance (FNCT) and resistance to oxidative degradation Ox by nitric acid (determined by the increase of MFR) have been selected together with the corresponding test methods and tolerances for a comparison of polyethylene grades of one design type in the procedural rule on suitability proof for alternative plastic resins used for dangerous goods packagings and intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) – EN 15507. We wanted to proof the practical relevance of this standard by comparing the relationship between the results of the FNCT and the times to failure of design types in stacking tests with wetting solution and normal butyl acetate saturated wetting solution. T2 - EUROCORR 2010 CY - Moscow, Russia DA - 13.09.2010 KW - Drop test KW - Stacking test KW - Hydraulic pressure test KW - Leakproofness test PY - 2010 AN - OPUS4-35843 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Linhares, F.N. A1 - Kersch, M. A1 - Niebergall, Ute A1 - Leite, M.Ch.A.M. A1 - Altstädt, V. A1 - Furtado, C.R.G. T1 - Effect of different sulphur-based crosslink networks on the nitrile rubber resistance to biodiesel N2 - Biodiesel possesses some comparable physical properties to petroleum diesel in addition to its improved environmental benefits. Nonetheless, both fuels differ greatly with respect to their chemical compositions. Therefore, the compatibility of the materials, which are commonly employed in contact with diesel, must also be assured for biodiesel. This paper assessed the influence of sulphur-based curing systems on the resistance of nitrile rubber to soybean biodiesel. Formulations were prepared using highacrylonitrile-content nitrile rubber by employing a two-level experimental design. The amounts of two different accelerators and sulphur were varied to achieve different types of vulcanisation systems. Thermal analyses, mechanical tests and microscopy analyses were conducted to evaluate the behaviour of the material after contact with biodiesel. The results showed that the choice of the accelerator played an important role on the resistance of the rubber to the biofuel, and crosslink density was not a key factor with respect to the resistance. KW - Soyean oil KW - Nitrile rubber KW - Compatibility KW - Vulcanisation system KW - Biodiesel KW - Resistance PY - 2017 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.11.060 SN - 0016-2361 SN - 1873-7153 VL - 191 SP - 130 EP - 139 AN - OPUS4-39006 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Niebergall, Ute T1 - Full Notch Creep Test - ISO Round Robin Test T2 - Polymer Processing Society CY - Salerno, Italy DA - 2008-06-15 PY - 2008 AN - OPUS4-18070 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Niebergall, Ute T1 - Full Notch Creep Test for evaluation of PE-HD materials for container and pipes T2 - Eurocorr 2009 CY - Nice, France DA - 2009-11-06 PY - 2009 AN - OPUS4-20380 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Niebergall, Ute A1 - Mertlová, O. A1 - Nezbedová, E. T1 - Full Notch Creep Test - ISO Round Robin test T2 - The Polymer Processing Society 24th Annual Meeting (PPS-24) CY - Salerno, Italy DA - 2008-06-15 KW - Full Notch Creep Test (FNCT) KW - Spannungsrissempfindlichkeit KW - Zeitstandzugversuch KW - Medium KW - Netzmittellösung PY - 2008 SP - 1 EP - 6 AN - OPUS4-18257 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Niebergall, Ute A1 - Mertlova, O. A1 - Nezbedova, E. T1 - Full notch creep test for evaluation of PE-HD materials for container and pipes T2 - EUROCORR 2009 CY - Nice, France DA - 2009-09-06 KW - FNCT KW - Container KW - Pipes KW - PE-HD materials KW - Round robin test PY - 2009 IS - SS 9-O-7965 SP - 1 EP - 6 AN - OPUS4-20497 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Weltschev, Margit A1 - Niebergall, Ute T1 - Comparison of the stress crack resistance of polyethylene grades with the test performance behaviour of packagings for the transport of dangerous goods N2 - Resistance to stress cracking by wetting solution is one of the selected properties together with the corresponding test method FNCT and tolerances for a comparison of polyethylene grades of one design type in the procedural rule on suitability proof for alternative plastic resins used for packagings and intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) for the transport of dangerous goods. The environmental stress crack resistance determined by Full Notch Creep Test (FNCT) represents the impacts from the stacking tests at 40 °C performed with standard liquid wetting solution (without pre-storage) and with normal butyl acetate saturated wetting solution (pre-storage with normal butyl acetate). Environmental stress crack resistance determined with FNCT for the polyethylene grades was related to the times to failure of different jerrican samples made of these grades in stacking tests with 5% wetting solution and a n-butyl acetate saturated wetting solution (pre-storage with n-butyl acetate) at 40 °C. The FNCT is suitable for comparison of polyethylene grades in relation to environmental stress crack resistance independent of their use as drum, IBC or jerrican material. The stiffness of polyethylene grades should be taken into account to the comparison as jerricans are not only chemically but also mechanically stressed. T2 - EUROCORR 2010 CY - Moscow, Russia DA - 2010-09-13 KW - Polyethylenformstoffe KW - Gefahrgutverpackungen KW - Spannungsrissbeständigkeit KW - Stapeldruckprüfungen PY - 2010 N1 - Serientitel: EFC-Event – Series title: EFC-Event IS - 324 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - DECHEMA CY - Moscow AN - OPUS4-21974 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Niebergall, Ute A1 - Weltschev, Margit T1 - Comparison of the stress crack resistance of polyethylene grades with the test performance behaviour of packagings for the transport of dangerous goods N2 - Resistance to stress cracking by wetting solution is one of the selected properties together with the corresponding test method FNCT and tolerances for a comparison of polyethylene grades of one design type in the procedural rule on suitability proof for alternative plastic resins used for packagings and intermediate bulk Containers (IBCs) for the transport of dangerous goods. The environmental stress crack resistance determined by Full Notch Creep Test (FNCT) represents the impacts from the stacking tests at 40 °C performed with Standard liquid wetting solution (without pre-storage) and with normal butyl acetate saturated wetting solution (pre-storage with normal butyl acetate). Environmental stress crack resistance determined with FNCT for the polyethylene grades was related to the times to failure of different jerrican samples made of these grades in stacking tests with 5 % wetting solution and a n-butyl acetate saturated wetting solution (pre-storage with n-butyl acetate) at 40 °C. The FNCT is suitable for comparison of polyethylene grades in relation to environmental stress crack resistance independent of their use as drum, IBC or jerrican material. The stiffness of polyethylene grades should be taken into account to the comparison as jerricans are not only chemically but also mechanically stressed. T2 - PPS-27 - 27th World congress of the polymer processing society CY - Marrakech, Morocco DA - 10.05.2011 KW - Gefahrgutverpackungen KW - Polyethylenformstoffe KW - Full notch creep test KW - Stapeldruckprüfung PY - 2011 SP - 1 EP - 4 AN - OPUS4-23834 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Niebergall, Ute T1 - Comparison of the stress crack resistance of polyethylene grades with the test performance behaviour of the transport of dangerous goods T2 - PPS 27 World Congress of the Polymer Processing Society CY - Marrakesh, Morocco DA - 2011-05-09 PY - 2011 AN - OPUS4-23771 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Niebergall, Ute T1 - Struktur und Eigenschaften von PE/PP-Blends T2 - Polymerwerkstoffe 94 CY - Merseburg, Germany DA - 1994-09-27 PY - 1994 AN - OPUS4-5763 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Niebergall, Ute T1 - Schädigungsnachweis in kurzglasfaserverstärkten Thermoplasten mittels ortsauflösender ZfP-Methoden T2 - 8. Tagung Problemseminar Deformations- und Bruchverhalten von Kunststoffen CY - Halle (Saale), Germany DA - 2001-06-20 PY - 2001 AN - OPUS4-7507 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Niebergall, Ute T1 - Facture Behaviour and Mechanismus in HDPE/PP-Blends T2 - 7th European Symposium Polymer Blends CY - Villeurbanne, France DA - 2002-05-27 PY - 2002 AN - OPUS4-7483 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kühling, J. A1 - Schmidt, J. A1 - Dahn, T. A1 - Niebergall, Ute A1 - Bogusch, G. T1 - Die kopferhaltende operative Versorgung der traumatischen medialen Schenkelhalsfraktur mit Großfragmentschrauben - eine biomechanische Prüfung N2 - Studienziel: Bei der zunehmenden Überalterung der Bevölkerung und der zunehmenden Inzidenz an hüftgelenknahen Oberschenkelfrakturen nimmt die Frage der Versorgung der medialen Schenkelhalsfraktur eine zunehmende Rolle ein. Vor allem aus Ungarn und den skandinavischen Ländern wird die kopferhaltende Therapie propagiert. Das Redislozieren dieser Frakturen und die Hüftkopfnekrose sind jedoch dagegenstehende Probleme. Methode: Ermutigt durch zwei theoretische mathematische Überlegungen wurden in einem biomechanischen Experiment zwei verschiedene Möglichkeiten der Verschraubung der medialen Schenkelhalsfraktur erprobt. Ergebnisse: Als Ergebnis zeigte sich, dass eine kopferhaltende Versorgung mit 2 kranial liegenden Schrauben und einer dreipunktabgestützten Schraube am Adam'schen Bogen deutliche biomechanische Vorteile hat gegenüber der herkömmlichen Verschraubung. Schlussfolgerung: Dies ermutigt uns, zunehmend die minimalinvasive und kopferhaltende Versorgung der medialen Schenkelhalsfraktur insbesondere bei Pauwels-I- und II-Verletzungen einzusetzen. KW - Mediale Schenkelhalsfraktur KW - Schraubenosteosynthese KW - Biomechanik KW - Medial hip fracture KW - Osteosynthesis with screw KW - Biomechanics PY - 2005 DO - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-836807 SN - 0044-3220 VL - 143 SP - 412 EP - 418 PB - Thieme CY - Stuttgart AN - OPUS4-10755 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmidt, J. A1 - Letsch, R. A1 - Kühling, J. A1 - Baranek, T. A1 - Niebergall, Ute A1 - Bogusch, G. T1 - Stability of Screw Fixation of Femoral Neck Fractures - A Biomechanical Trial N2 - With a growing percentage of elderly people in the population and, correspondingly, an increasing rate of fractures of the proximal femur, the question how to stabilize medial femoral-neck fractures is gaining increasing importance. Especially in Hungary and Scandinavian countries, femoral-head-preserving surgery is advocated. However, the main problems of this procedure are re-dislocation and necrosis of the femoral head. Encouraged by two theoretical mathematical considerations, a biomechanical experiment was performed to investigate two different methods of screw fixation of medial femoral-neck fractures. The results showed that a head-preserving internal fixation with two cranial screws and a three-point supported screw at the bottom of the neck had distinct biomechanical advantages compared to conventional screw fixation. This has encouraged us to more frequently perform this minimally invasive and head-preserving surgery in Pauwels I and II medial fractures of the femoral head. KW - Femoral neck fracture KW - Screw fixation KW - Biomechanical stability KW - Cadaver experiment KW - Mathematical model PY - 2005 DO - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-836332 SN - 1618-971X VL - 13 IS - 2 SP - 76 EP - 81 PB - Thieme CY - Stuttgart AN - OPUS4-10843 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kühling, J. A1 - Niebergall, Ute A1 - Calmez, D. A1 - Schnorr, W. A1 - Schmidt, J. T1 - Die distale Unterschenkelverriegelungsnagelung - eine statische Prüfung N2 - Studienziel: Zwei Nagelsysteme, zum einen der unaufgebohrte Tibianagel mit 3fach-Verriegelung in 2 Ebenen und großem Bolzenspiel (UTN® der Fa. Mathys®) mit der Möglichkeit von medial zweifach und von ventral einfach zu verriegeln und zum anderen der unaufgebohrte Tibianagel mit 3fach-Verriegelung in einer Ebene mit geringem Bolzenspiel (Targon®-Nagel der Fa. Aesculap®), der 3 mediale Verriegelungsmöglichkeiten besitzt, wurden im Biegeversuch statisch geprüft. Anatomisch besteht bei der ventralen Verriegelung immer die Verletzungsmöglichkeit von Sehnen, Nerven und Gefäßen. Andererseits besteht bei einem „höheren Bolzenspiel“ immer ein höherer Instabilitätsgrad. Inwieweit ist die Verriegelung in zwei Ebenen notwendig? Methode: Wir prüften statisch zwei intramedulläre Verriegelungssysteme an 8 Leichenknochen (matched pairs) in zwei Ebenen an einer Universalprüfmaschine der Firma Schenk-Trebel im Biegeversuch. Ergebnisse: Die Untersuchungsergebnisse zeigen, dass nicht die Bolzenlage, sondern das so genannte „Bolzenspiel“ für die Stabilität der distalen Fragmente entscheidend ist. Die Verriegelung sollte somit prinzipiell durch ein formschlüssiges winkelstabiles Bolzensystem möglich sein. PY - 2004 DO - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2004-817964 SN - 0044-6173 SN - 1438-9436 SN - 0935-0705 VL - 34 SP - 71 EP - 77 PB - Thieme CY - Stuttgart AN - OPUS4-3533 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Niebergall, Ute T1 - Ergebnisvergleich von HDPE-Werkstoffe im Gefahrgutbereich T2 - Erfahrungsaustausch über die entstandenen Probleme bei Anwendung der BAM GGR 003, 9. September 2004 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2004-09-09 PY - 2004 AN - OPUS4-4227 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Kunze, Ralf A1 - Mielke, Werner A1 - Niebergall, Ute ED - Hodgkinson, J. T1 - Thermoluminescence of PEHD/PP Blends T2 - Polymat '94 CY - London, England, UK DA - 1994-09-19 PY - 1994 SP - 463 EP - 466 PB - Institute of Materials CY - London AN - OPUS4-11799 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Niebergall, Ute T1 - Full Notch Creep Test - ISO Round Robin Test T2 - Plastics Pipes XIII CY - Washington, D.C., USA DA - 2006-10-02 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-12642 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Niebergall, Ute T1 - Neue Verfahren zum Vergleich von Kunststoffen und zum Nachweis der chemischen Verträglichkeit durch Labormethoden T2 - Gefahrgut-Technik-Tage CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2005-11-10 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-11361 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -