TY - JOUR A1 - Simons, C. A1 - Mans, C. A1 - Hanning, S. A1 - Janßen, A. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Ostermann, Markus A1 - Michaelis, Matthias A1 - Wienold, Julia A1 - Alber, D. A1 - Kreyenschmidt, M. T1 - Study on microscopic homogeneity of polymeric candidate reference materials BAM H001-BAM H010 by means of synchrotron µ-XRF and LA-ICP-MS N2 - In this study the microscopic homogeneity of the newly developed plastic reference materials BAM H001-BAM H010 was investigated. The materials consist of an acrylonitryle-butadien-styrene terpolymer, doped with different amounts of the elements Br, Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb. For the quantitative determination of the degree of homogeneity, a procedure proposed by Kempenaers et al. (Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 2001, 369, 733-737) was used. On every sample an extensive number of different points were analyzed and standard deviation for every element mentioned above was used to calculate a minimal sampling mass that is necessary to reach a certain level of uncertainty caused by inhomogeneity (mmin,5%). The experiments were taken out with synchrotron µ-XRF (SR µ-XRF) at BESSYII in Berlin and by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (LA-ICP-MS). The calculated values for mmin,5% of both techniques showed comparable results for all elements. It could be shown that the materials are suitable for calibration of micro analytic techniques if at least 64 µg are used. KW - XRF KW - LA-ICP-MS KW - RoHS KW - CRM PY - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/b917008a SN - 0267-9477 SN - 1364-5544 VL - 25 SP - 40 EP - 43 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - London AN - OPUS4-20938 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wienold, Julia A1 - Recknagel, Sebastian A1 - Scharf, Holger A1 - Hoppe, Marion A1 - Michaelis, Matthias T1 - Elemental analysis of printed circuit boards considering the ROHS regulations N2 - The EU RoHS Directive (2002/95/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council) bans the placing of new electrical and electronic equipment containing more than agreed levels of lead, cadmium, mercury, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) and polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants on the EU market. It necessitates methods for the evaluation of RoHS compliance of assembled electronic equipment. In this study mounted printed circuit boards from personal computers were analyzed on their content of the three elements Cd, Pb and Hg which were limited by the EU RoHS directive. Main focus of the investigations was the influence of sample pre-treatment on the precision and reproducibility of the results. The sample preparation steps used were based on the guidelines given in EN 62321. Five different types of dissolution procedures were tested on different subsequent steps of sample treatment like cutting and milling. Elemental analysis was carried out using ICP–OES, XRF and CV–AFS (Hg). The results obtained showed that for decision-making with respect to RoHS compliance a size reduction of the material to be analyzed to particles ≤1.5 mm can already be sufficient. However, to ensure analytical results with relative standard deviations of less than 20%, as recommended by the EN 62321, a much larger effort for sample processing towards smaller particle sizes might be required which strongly depends on the mass fraction of the element under investigation. KW - RoHS KW - Printed circuit boards KW - Electrotechnical products KW - Elemental composition PY - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2010.10.002 SN - 0956-053X VL - 31 IS - 3 SP - 530 EP - 535 PB - Elsevier Ltd. CY - New York, NY AN - OPUS4-23986 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -