TY - JOUR A1 - Chladek, J. A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Weh, Lothar A1 - Reinsch, Stefan T1 - Viscous flow and surface crystallization caused by Vickers indentation JF - Glass science and technology PY - 2004 SN - 0927-4472 VL - 77 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-6235 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blaeß, Carsten A1 - Müller, Ralf T1 - Viscous healing of Vickers indentation–induced cracks in glass JF - Journal of the American Ceramic Society N2 - AbstractViscous healing of cracks induced by the Vickers indentation in a soda lime magnesium silicate, a soda borosilicate, and a soda aluminosilicate glass (NAS) was studied by laser scanning microscopy. Plots of the crack length, width, and depth normalized to the initial crack length versus time over viscosity merge into single master curves of each of these quantities for each glass. Despite glass properties do not differ strikingly from each other, however, these master curves strongly differ among the glasses. This finding was attributed to a different interplay of various crack healing phenomena. Lateral cracks were found to be responsible for the bulging of the sample surface around the Vickers imprint, which in turn promotes radial crack widening as the main cause of healing delay. The most rapid healing of lateral cracks was observed in NAS in which bulging and crack widening were least pronounced. KW - Crack healing KW - Glass KW - Vickers indentation PY - 2023 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-587295 DO - https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.19245 SN - 0002-7820 VL - 106 IS - 10 SP - 5795 EP - 5805 PB - Wiley AN - OPUS4-58729 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gomes Fernandes, Roger A1 - Al-Mukadam, Raschid A1 - Bornhöft, Hansjörg A1 - Reinsch, Stefan A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Selle, Susanne A1 - Deubener, Joachim T1 - Viscous Sintering of Acid Leached Glass Powders JF - Glass Europe N2 - The process of viscous flow sintering is a phenomenon that is closely linked to the surface properties of the glass particles. In this work, we studied the extreme case of acid-leaching of soda-lime-silicate glass beads of two different particle size distributions and its effects on non-isothermal viscous sintering of powder compacts. Depth profiling of the chemical composition after leaching revealed a near-surface layer depleted in alkali and alkaline earth ions, associated with concurrent hydration as mass loss was detected by thermogravimetry. Heating microscopy showed that acid treatment of glasses shifted the sinter curves to higher temperatures with increasing leaching time. Modelling of the shrinkage with the cluster model predicted a higher viscosity of the altered surface layer, while analysis of the time scales of mass transport of mobile species (Na+, Ca2+ and H2O) during isochronous sintering revealed that diffusion of Na+ can compensate for concentration gradients before sintering begins. Also, exchanged water species can diffuse out of the altered layer, but the depletion of Ca2+ in the altered surface layer persists during the sinter interval, resulting in a glass with higher viscosity, which causes sintering to slow down. KW - Glass powder KW - Viscous sintering KW - Acid-leaching KW - Sinter retardation PY - 2023 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-589008 DO - https://doi.org/10.52825/glass-europe.v1i.681 VL - 1 SP - 37 EP - 53 AN - OPUS4-58900 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Reinsch, Stefan ED - Bansal, N. P. ED - Boccaccini, A.R. T1 - Viscous-phase silicate processing T2 - Ceramics and composites processing methods KW - Viskoses Sintern KW - Oberflächenkeimbildung KW - Glaspulver KW - Sintermodelle KW - Sinterglaskeramik KW - Glasmatrixkomposit PY - 2012 SN - 978-0-470-55344-2 IS - Chapter 3 SP - 75 EP - 144 PB - Wiley AN - OPUS4-27054 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Reinsch, Stefan A1 - Chládek, Jirí A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Weh, Lothar T1 - Viskoses Fließen und Oberflächenkristallisation an Vickerseindrücken T2 - Kurzreferate / 76. Glastechnische Tagung T2 - 76. Glastechnische Tagung CY - Bad Soden, Deutschland DA - 2002-05-27 PY - 2002 SP - 250 EP - 253 PB - DGG, Deutsche Glastechnische Gesellschaft e.V. CY - Frankfurt/M. AN - OPUS4-1872 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thiel, A. A1 - Eberstein, Markus A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Deubener, J. T1 - Viskosität von Glasmatrix-Kompositen mit partiell löslicher kristalliner Dispersphase T2 - 81. Glastechnische Tagung, 4.- 6.6.2007, Aachen (Proceedings) T2 - 81. Glastechnische Tagung und 4. DGG-Symposium "Novel Optical Technologies" CY - Aachen, Deutschland DA - 2007-06-04 KW - Glasmatrixkomposite KW - Lösung KW - Sintern PY - 2007 SN - 978-3-921089-52-1 IS - CD-ROM SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Deutsche Glastechnische Gesellschaft CY - Offenbach AN - OPUS4-16212 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thiel, A. A1 - Eberstein, Markus A1 - Reinsch, Stefan A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Deubener, J. A1 - Schiller, Wolfgang Arno T1 - Viskosität von sinternden Glas/Kristallphasen-Kompositen T2 - Programm und Referate - 80. Glastechnische Tagung T2 - 80. Glastechnische Tagung CY - Dresden, Deutschland DA - 2006-06-12 PY - 2006 SN - 3-921089-46-8 SP - 1(?) EP - 3(?) PB - Verl. d. Dt. Glastechn. Ges. CY - Offenbach AN - OPUS4-14045 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Gaber, Martin A1 - Gottschling, Peter T1 - Volatile concentration and diffusivity determined by vacuum hot extraction T2 - XX. International Congress on Glass T2 - XX. International Congress on Glass CY - Kyoto, Japan DA - 2004-09-26 PY - 2004 AN - OPUS4-3537 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Gaber, Martin A1 - Gottschling, Peter T1 - Volatile concentration and diffusivity determined by vacuum hot extraction T2 - Proceedings / XX International Congress on Glass, T2 - XX. International Congress on Glass CY - Kyoto, Japan DA - 2004-09-26 KW - Silicate glass KW - Water KW - Hydrogen KW - Degassing KW - Diffusion coefficient PY - 2004 SP - 6 pages PB - Ceramic Society of Japan CY - Tokio AN - OPUS4-6951 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Müller, Ralf T1 - Volatile Concentration and Mobility measured by VHE-MS T2 - International Conference on Materials Science T2 - International Conference on Materials Science CY - Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia DA - 2012-08-20 PY - 2012 AN - OPUS4-27420 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Gaber, Martin A1 - Reinsch, Stefan T1 - Volatile concentration and mobility measured by VHE-MS N2 - Der Vortrag schildert die Funktionsweise und einige ausgewählte Anwendungsmöglichkeieten der Vakuum-Heißextraktion an der BAM. T2 - Seminar Instrumentelle Analytik, Fakultät III Prozesswissenschaften, Lehrstuhl Keramik TU Berlin CY - TU Berlin, Germany DA - 17.2.2017 KW - Gehalt volatiler Spezies KW - Heißextraktion PY - 2017 AN - OPUS4-44212 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eichelbaum, M. A1 - Rademann, K. A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Görner, Wolf T1 - Vom Atom zum Nanodraht: Kontrolliertes Wachstum von Edelmetall-Nanokristalliten in Kalk-Natron-Silikatglas T2 - Programm und Referate / 79. Glastechnische Tagung T2 - 79. Glastechnische Tagung CY - Würzburg, Deutschland DA - 2005-05-23 KW - Glas KW - Metallnanocluster KW - Optische Eigenschaften PY - 2005 SN - 3-921089-43-3 SP - 15 Seiten PB - Deutsche Glastechnische Gesellschaft CY - Offenbach AN - OPUS4-7558 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Reinsch, Stefan A1 - Deubener, J. A1 - Behrens, H. T1 - Wasser in Silicatglas N2 - Der Vortrag gibt einen Überblick über den Stand des Wissens zum strukturellen Einbau von Wasser in Silicat- und Boratgläsern, den Einfluss des gelösten Wassers auf deren Viskosität sowie zu den strukturellen Vorstellungen zum Wassertransport. T2 - 1. Fachsymposium der Glasapparatebauer CY - Munich, Germany DA - 19.04.2018 KW - Wasser KW - Glass KW - Struktur PY - 2018 AN - OPUS4-45669 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heller, I. A1 - Behrens, H. A1 - Gaber, Martin A1 - Müller, Ralf T1 - Wasserdiffusion in Floatglas T2 - Programm und Referate / 79. Glastechnische Tagung T2 - 79. Glastechnische Tagung CY - Würzburg, Deutschland DA - 2005-05-23 PY - 2005 SN - 3-921089-43-3 SP - 4 Seiten PB - Deutsche Glastechnische Gesellschaft CY - Offenbach AN - OPUS4-11838 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Deubener, Joachim A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Behrens, H. A1 - Heide, G. T1 - Water and the glass transition temperature of silicate melts JF - Journal of non-crystalline solids N2 - Literature data on the effect of water on the glass transition in silicate melts are gathered for a broad range of total water content cw from 3 × 10-4 to 27 wt%. In terms of a reduced glass transition temperature Tg*=Tg/TgGN, where TgGN is Tg of the melt containing cw?0.02 wt% total water, a uniform dependence of Tg* on total water content (cw) is evident for silicate melts. Tg* decreases steadily with increasing water content, most strongly at the lowest water content where H2O is dominantly dissolved as OH. For water-rich melts, the variation of Tg* is less pronounced, but it does not vanish even at the largest water contents reported (?27 wt%). Tg* vs. cw is fitted by a three-component model. This approach accounts for different transition temperatures of the dry glass, hydroxyl and molecular water predicting Tg* as a weighted linear combination of these temperatures. The required but mostly unknown water speciation in the glasses was estimated using IR-spectroscopy data for hydrous sodium trisilicate and rhyolite. PY - 2003 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3093(03)00472-1 SN - 0022-3093 VL - 330 SP - 268 EP - 273 PB - North-Holland Publ. Co. CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-3120 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Gottschling, Peter A1 - Gaber, Martin T1 - Water concentration and diffusivity in silicates obtained by vacuum extraction JF - Glass science and technology KW - Silicate glasses and crystals KW - Water KW - Degassing KW - Diffusion coefficient PY - 2005 SN - 0927-4472 VL - 78 IS - 2 SP - 76 EP - 89 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-11836 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Gaber, Martin T1 - Water concentration and diffusivity obtained by vacuum hot extraction T2 - Meeting 2005 des TC 14 der International Commision on Glass (ICG) T2 - Meeting 2005 des TC 14 der International Commision on Glass (ICG) CY - Parma, Italy DA - 2005-09-16 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-11791 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Balzer, R. A1 - Behrens, H. A1 - Waurischk, Tina A1 - Reinsch, Stefan A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Kiefer, P. A1 - Deubener, J. A1 - Fechtelkord, M. T1 - Water in Alkali Aluminosilicate Glasses JF - frontiers in Materials N2 - To understand the influence of water and alkalis on aluminosilicate glasses, three polymerized glasses with varying ratios of Na/K were synthesized [(22. 5-x)Na2O-xK2O-22.5 Al2O3-55 SiO2 with x = 0, 7.5, and 11.25]. Subsequently, these glasses were hydrated (up to 8 wt% H2O) in an internally heated gas pressure vessel. The density of hydrous glasses linearly decreased with water content above 1 wt%, consistent with the partial molar volume of H2O of 12 cm3/mol. Near-infrared spectroscopy revealed that hydroxyl groups are the dominant species at water content of <4 wt%, and molecular water becomes dominating at water content of >5 wt%. The fraction of OH is particularly high in the pure Na-bearing glass compared to the mixed alkali glasses. 27Al magic angle spinning-NMR spectroscopy shows that aluminum is exclusively fourfold coordinated with some variations in the local geometry. It appears that the local structure around Al becomes more ordered with increasing K/Na ratio. The incorporation of H2O reinforces this effect. The differential thermal analysis of hydrous glasses shows a significant mass loss in the range of glass transition already during the first upscan, implying the high mobility of water in the glasses. This observation can be explained by the open structure of the aluminosilicate network and by the low dissociation enthalpy of H2O in the glasses (≈ 8 kJ/mol). The effect of the dissolved H2O on the glass transition temperature is less pronounced than for other aluminosilicate glasses, probably because of the large fraction of Al in the glasses. KW - NMR spectroscopy KW - Alkali aluminosilicate glasses KW - Water speciation KW - Glass transition KW - Infrared spectroscopy PY - 2020 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-509497 DO - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2020.00085 VL - 7 SP - 85 AN - OPUS4-50949 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Gaber, Martin A1 - Gottschling, Peter T1 - Water release and crystallisation of glass powders JF - European journal of glass science and technology / B T2 - Physics and Chemistry of Glasses / VII Symposium on Crystallization in Glasses in Liquids CY - Sheffield, England, UK DA - 2004-07-06 PY - 2004 SN - 1753-3562 SN - 0017-1050 SN - 0031-9090 SN - 1750-6697 VL - 45 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 5 PB - Society of Glass Technology CY - Sheffield AN - OPUS4-6237 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Gaber, Martin A1 - Gottschling, Peter T1 - Water release and crystallisation of glass powders T2 - VII Symposium on Crystallization in Glasses in Liquids T2 - VII Symposium on Crystallization in Glasses in Liquids CY - Sheffield, England DA - 2003-07-06 PY - 2003 AN - OPUS4-6238 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -