TY - JOUR A1 - Schwarz, Silke A1 - Knorr, Annett A1 - Lohrer, Christian T1 - Screening of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) contents in fireworks JF - Journal of pyrotechnics N2 - This paper gives a brief overview of the findings of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) in fireworks compositions observed within EC type-examinations according to Module B (as set out in the annex II of the Directive 2007/23/EC) of the notified body BAM. In this work, roughly 220 samples were analysed, originating from 49 consumer fireworks articles of the category F2, such as batteries, combinations, fountains and rockets. It was found that the vast majority of samples showed concentrations below 5 mg HCB/kg. However, in three cases concentration values between 5 mg HCB/kg and 50 mg HCB/kg werre observed, and in a further four cases extreme values of up to 8046 mg HCB/kg were detected. The results of this study are compared with published HCB findings originating from market surveillance activities in Europe. KW - Consumer fireworks KW - Forbidden substances KW - Pyrotechnic articles PY - 2014 SN - 1082-3999 IS - 33 SP - Article 0103, 3 EP - 8 CY - Whitewater, Colo. AN - OPUS4-30758 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Knorr, Annett A1 - Fayet, G. A1 - Rotureau, P. A1 - Wehrstedt, Klaus-Dieter T1 - Predictive Methods for Determining the Thermal Decomposition Properties of Hazardous Substances JF - Chemical Engineering Transactions (CEt) N2 - Due to the fast development and availability of computers, predictive approaches are increasingly used in the evaluation process of hazardous substances complementary to experiments. Their use was recommended as alternative to experimental testing by the REACH regulation to complete the lack of knowledge on properties for existing substances that must be registered before 2018 (upon quantities). Among the proposed predictive approaches, Quantitative Structure Property Relationships (QSPR) are powerful methods to predict macroscopic properties from the only molecular structure of substances. In that context, the HAZPRED project (2015-2018, founded by the SAF€RA consortium) aims to develop theoretical models (e.g. QSPR) and small-scale tests to predict complex physico-chemical properties (e.g. thermal stability, explosivity) of hazardous substances to complete the lack of knowledge on these hazardous substances quickly or to understand their decomposition behaviour better. In particular, this contribution will present the work done in this project on the physical hazards of organic peroxides and self-reactive substances: gathering of existing experimental data, new experimental campaigns, review of existing models and proposition of new estimation methods. KW - QSPR KW - HAZPRED KW - Organic peroxides KW - Self-reactive substances PY - 2019 UR - https://www.aidic.it/ DO - https://doi.org/10.3303/CET1977057 SN - 2283-9216 VL - 77 SP - 337 EP - 342 PB - AIDIC CY - Milano AN - OPUS4-51282 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -