TY - JOUR A1 - Wäsche, Rolf A1 - Klaffke, Dieter A1 - Steinborn, Gabriele T1 - Tribological testing of Ca-Ba infiltrated zirconia KW - Friction KW - Wear KW - Ca-Ba fluoride KW - Infiltration KW - Porous zirconia PY - 2005 UR - http://www.om.ugal.ro/AnnalsFasc8Tribology/pdf/2005/9-Annals2005-3-Wasche.pdf SN - 1221-4590 SN - 1220-0824 SP - 53 EP - 59 CY - Gala¸ti AN - OPUS4-12365 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Urchegui, M.A. A1 - Hartelt, Manfred A1 - Klaffke, Dieter A1 - Gómez, X. T1 - Laboratory fretting tests with thin wire specimens KW - Wires KW - Fretting KW - Friction test KW - Unlubricated friction PY - 2007 SN - 1354-4063 SN - 1557-685X VL - 13 SP - 67 EP - 81 PB - Coppin CY - Deal AN - OPUS4-14781 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kloß, Heinz A1 - Klaffke, Dieter T1 - Untersuchungen und Modellrechnungen für eine Verschleißprognose metallischer Werkstoffe KW - Metalle KW - Verschleißprognose KW - Kontaktmechanik KW - Oberflächentopographie KW - Scherenergiedichte PY - 2006 SN - 0724-3472 VL - 53 IS - 6 SP - 14 EP - 17 PB - Expert Verlag CY - Renningen AN - OPUS4-14798 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wäsche, Rolf A1 - Gräber, H.-G. A1 - Klaffke, Dieter T1 - Tribologische Untersuchung zum Verschleißverhalten von keramischen Zahnersatzwerkstoffen KW - Dentalkeramik KW - Bearbeitbarkeit KW - Zwischenmedium KW - pH-Wert KW - Dental ceramic KW - Machinability KW - Liquid media KW - pH-value PY - 2007 SN - 0724-3472 VL - 54 IS - 3 SP - 29 EP - 32 PB - Expert Verlag CY - Renningen AN - OPUS4-15737 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Klaffke, Dieter A1 - Griepentrog, Michael A1 - Gross, U. A1 - Kranz, I. A1 - Knabe, Ch. T1 - Potential of wear resistant coatings on Ti-6Al-4V for artificial hip joint bearing surfaces N2 - Tribological screening tests (simple, reciprocating ball-on-flat tests) were performed with the objective to identify an appropriate coating for the articulating surfaces of artificial hip joints whose acetabular cups and femoral stems are made from Ti–6Al–4V alloy, which is appreciated for its light weight, good biocompatibility and elastic properties similar to those of natural bone. Standard coatings like TiN or CrN performed better than more complicated multi-layer systems, though not as good as different types of amorphous carbon coatings, generally referred to as diamond-like carbon or DLC coatings. Among the latter, hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) displayed the best properties, especially if the hydrogen content was increased by reducing the bias voltage during PA-CVD-deposition. The optimised a-C:H coating revealed the most promising wear behaviour under the applied testing conditions, i.e. the increase of linear wear with the number of cycles was close to zero. Regarding the materials examined in this study, correlation of wear with mechanical properties obtained by nano-indentation revealed that high hardness was not an adequate criterion for selecting appropriate coatings. A high ratio of hardness and elastic modulus (H/E) proved to be more important. Microstructural and micro-analytical investigations revealed transformation of TiN and CrN to TiO2 and Cr2O3, respectively, and amorphous carbon was, at least partly, transformed to graphite. Furthermore, incorporation of Al2O3 from the ball was observed at a very fine scale. The wear debris of favourable coatings always formed agglomerates of nano-scale particles. It was shown that commercial nano-particles of Al2O3, Cr2O3 and carbon black are comparable to particles generated by the tribological tests. However, it is uncertain whether they are comparable to those formed during simulator studies or in vivo. Furthermore, the performance of the favourable coating has to be tested in a hip joint simulator before its potential for application in prostheses can be assessed. KW - Coating KW - Implant KW - Titanium alloy KW - DLC KW - Wear debris KW - Nano-particles PY - 2008 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2007.04.001 SN - 0043-1648 VL - 264 IS - 7-8 SP - 505 EP - 517 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-16711 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klaffke, Dieter A1 - Beck, Uwe T1 - Tribological and mechanical investigation of SiO2 and Si3N4 coatings on fused silica and borosilicate glass N2 - Amorphous SiO2 and Si3N4 plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposited (PECVD) coatings were deposited on two different substrate materials (fused silica and borosilicate glass), with three coating thicknesses (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 µm). The mechanical properties (hardness and elastic modulus) were determined by depth-sensing indentation, with loads from 700 mN down to 0.1 mN. Tribological behaviour was studied in instrumented oscillating sliding tests at room temperature with a ball-on-flat arrangement, in which the coated disc was tested against an alumina ball, at a load of 1 N. Interpretation of the measurement of hardness and modulus of the coatings has to take into consideration the influence of layer thickness and the effect of the substrate. Tensile film stress and crack generation were only observed for Si3N4 on fused silica above a threshold thickness. Friction and wear measurements show that the coating has an effect on friction, while wear is affected by the thin coatings only for a short running-in phase. The morphology of the wear scars indicates that the coatings have good adhesion. Despite crack generation, delamination effects were not observed. Indentation patterns similarly showed excellent lateral homogeneity of the mechanical properties over the entire film surface, and indicated that load-displacement curves may be used to characterise the system. KW - Mechanical properties KW - SiO2 coating KW - Si3N4 coating KW - Depth-sensing indentation KW - Oscillating sliding test KW - Friction KW - Wear KW - PECVD PY - 2001 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/tt.3020080105 SN - 1354-4063 SN - 1557-685X VL - 8 IS - 1 SP - 57 EP - 72 PB - Coppin CY - Deal AN - OPUS4-25598 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klaffke, Dieter T1 - Fundamentals of Tribotesting N2 - Tribology is an experiment-oriented branch of a complex, interdisciplinary science, in which testing plays a major role in the solution of technical problems, in the field as well as in the development of tribomaterials. Various test methods are used for this purpose, and the results are sensitive to the choice of test method and test conditions. In this paper, the effects of test parameters on friction and wear results are considered, some selected results of model tests with different types of materials are presented, and guidelines are derived, that help improve the reliability and level of confidence of tribological tests performed in laboratories. KW - Friction KW - Wear KW - Test methods KW - Parameter effects KW - Humidity PY - 2000 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/tt.3020060406 SN - 1354-4063 SN - 1557-685X VL - 6 IS - 4 SP - 373 EP - 385 PB - Coppin CY - Deal AN - OPUS4-1004 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klaffke, Dieter T1 - Möglichkeiten und Grenzen von Reibungs- und Verschleißprüfungen PY - 2001 SN - 0016-4232 VL - 92 IS - 8 SP - 2192 EP - 2203 PB - Leuze CY - Saulgau, Württ. AN - OPUS4-1138 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Österle, Werner A1 - Griepentrog, Michael A1 - Klaffke, Dieter T1 - Microstructural characterization of wear particles formed during tribological stressing of TiC and Ti(C,N) coatings N2 - An attempt was undertaken to obtain a better understanding of the tribological properties of two wear-resistant coatings on tool steel by structural and microchemical analysis of wear particles using a transmission electron microscope. Coatings were deposited by physical vapor deposition and plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition techniques and tribological properties were derived from reciprocating sliding tests of the coatings against alumina balls. Three types of wear particles were identified by electron diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy: nanocrystalline rutile (TiO2), nanocrystalline graphite and microcrystalline graphite. Low coefficients of friction, of the order of 0.2, were attributed to the formation of solid lubricant films of sub-stoichiometric TiO2-x Magnéli phases and/or graphite. KW - Third body KW - Solid lubrication KW - Coating, debris KW - Wear particle KW - TEM PY - 2002 DO - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015491027710 SN - 1023-8883 SN - 1573-2711 VL - 12 IS - 4 SP - 229 EP - 234 PB - Springer Science Business Media B.V. CY - Dordrecht AN - OPUS4-1379 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klaffke, Dieter A1 - Berger, Georg A1 - Hartelt, Manfred T1 - Tribologische Untersuchungen an anorganischen Implantatwerkstoffen PY - 2002 SN - 1616-0177 SN - 0011-8656 VL - 3 IS - 1 SP - 42 EP - 47 PB - Verl. Neuer Merkur CY - München AN - OPUS4-1332 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wäsche, Rolf A1 - Klaffke, Dieter T1 - Ceramic particulate composites in the system SiC-TiC-TiB2 sliding against SiC and Al2O3 under water N2 - The tribological behaviour of SiC, SiC-TiC and SiC-TiC-TiB2 was determined in oscillating sliding against SiC and -Al2O3 in water at room temperature. The tribo-systems with the composite materials containing TiC and TiB2 differ significantly from the systems with the single phase SiC: The wear is reduced and the friction is increased. The wear reduction up to a factor of 10 is mainly due to the formation of an oxide film containing titanium oxides which is soft, stable in water and well adhering to the bulk material. This oxide film is transferred to the alumina ball but not to the silicon carbide ball. KW - Silicon carbide KW - Titanium carbide KW - Titanium boride KW - Ceramic KW - Particulate composites KW - Oscillating sliding KW - Water lubrication KW - Friction KW - Wear PY - 1999 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-679X(99)00033-X SN - 0301-679X VL - 32 IS - 4 SP - 197 EP - 206 PB - Butterworth-Heinemann CY - Oxford AN - OPUS4-1440 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wäsche, Rolf A1 - Klaffke, Dieter A1 - Czichos, Horst T1 - Wear behaviour of i-carbon coatings PY - 1992 SN - 0043-1648 VL - 153 SP - 149 EP - 162 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-1428 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klaffke, Dieter T1 - On the influence of some test parameters on the results of oscillating sliding tests N2 - The friction and wear behaviour of materials is often characterised in laboratory tests using a simple ball-on-flat configuration. From this type of test can be derived information useful in guiding the development of tribomaterials and in helping select candidate materials for specific applications. A large variety of tribotesting methods exists, and indeed several are not yet standardised. One of these methods is the oscillating sliding test, where a ball moves in relation to a disc, usually with small strokes. This method is almost non-destructive and can be applied to very small specimens. One of the most important parameters in laboratory tests is the humidity of the surrounding air. Experimental results on the friction and wear characteristics of different ceramics tested against different ball materials at room temperature in oscillating sliding contact are presented here and discussed, taking into account the effects of the test duration, relative humidity, and counterbody material. KW - Oscillating Sliding KW - Reibung KW - Verschleiß KW - Counterbody material KW - Ceramics KW - Testdauer KW - Feuchte PY - 1999 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/tt.3020060104 SN - 1354-4063 SN - 1557-685X VL - 6-1 SP - 29 EP - 49 PB - Coppin CY - Deal AN - OPUS4-716 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klaffke, Dieter A1 - Zeiler, E. A1 - Hiltner, K. A1 - Grögler, T. A1 - Rosiwal, S. A1 - Singer, R. T1 - Tribological performance of mechanically lapped chemical vapor deposited diamond coatings N2 - Polycrystalline diamond layers were deposited onto the titanium alloy Ti–6Al–4V via microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD). It is shown that the diamond film reduces wear and friction immensely compared with uncoated titanium/titanium tribo systems. An additional polishing process of the CVD-diamond layer improves the wear behavior even further. An influence of air humidity is found. In addition, different ceramic materials (Al2O3, SiC, Si3N4, ZrO2) were tested against as-deposited and polished CVD-diamond layers. Al2O3 and Si3N4 exhibit very good wear behavior accompanied by very low friction against as-deposited CVD-diamond. SiC and ZrO2, however, show somewhat inferior wear and friction behavior. Suggestions are made to explain the different performance. Again, a wear increase is found with increasing humidity. Polishing of CVD-diamond layers improves the tribological performance further. KW - CVD KW - Diamond KW - Polishing KW - Tribology PY - 1999 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(99)00136-X SN - 0257-8972 VL - 116-119 SP - 599 EP - 608 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Lausanne AN - OPUS4-721 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Witke, Klaus A1 - Klaffke, Dieter A1 - Schneider, Thomas A1 - Schreckenbach, J.P. T1 - Laser-damaging as a useful tool for materials characterization by Raman microscopy KW - Raman-Mikroskopie KW - Raman-Laser KW - Laserstrahlbearbeitung PY - 1999 SN - 0169-4332 SN - 1873-5584 VL - 151 IS - 1-2 SP - 33 EP - 39 PB - North-Holland CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-709 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wäsche, Rolf A1 - Klaffke, Dieter T1 - High temperature tribological behaviour of particulate composites in the system SiC-TiC-TiB2 during dry oscillating sliding KW - Ceramic Composites KW - High temperatures KW - Tribo-oxidation KW - Dry-slidins KW - Friction KW - Wear PY - 1999 SN - 1225-9381 VL - 5 IS - 2 SP - 155 EP - 161 PB - Han'guk-Seramik-Hakhoe CY - Seoul AN - OPUS4-761 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klaffke, Dieter A1 - Zeiler, E. A1 - Grögler, T. A1 - Hiltner, K. A1 - Rosiwal, S.M. A1 - Singer, R.F. T1 - Tribologische Untersuchungen an Mikrowellenplasma-CVD-Diamant-Beschichtungen auf Ti-6Al-4V im Kontakt mit Keramik KW - Tribologie KW - CVD KW - Diamant-Beschichtungen KW - Keramik KW - Polieren PY - 1999 SN - 0724-3472 N1 - Sprachen: Deutsch/Englisch - Languages: German/English VL - 46 IS - 5 SP - 45 EP - 49 PB - Expert Verlag CY - Renningen AN - OPUS4-722 LA - mul AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klaffke, Dieter A1 - Hartelt, Manfred T1 - Stick-Slip-Untersuchungen an keramischen Werkstoffen PY - 2000 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-4052(200008)31:8<790::AID-MAWE790>3.0.CO;2-4 SN - 0933-5137 SN - 1521-4052 IS - 31 SP - 790 EP - 793 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-996 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wäsche, Rolf A1 - Klaffke, Dieter T1 - Wear of multiphase SiC based ceramic composites containing free carbon N2 - Ceramics are of increasing interest for application in many branches of technique. In order to improve the tribological performance of ceramic materials, composites on the basis of silicon carbide with different amounts of titanium carbide, boron carbide, titanium diboride and free carbon in the form of graphite were manufactured by a reaction sintering process. The friction and wear behaviour of these composites was investigated with oscillating sliding motion in unlubricated tests at room temperature on different levels of relative humidity. Additional tests were performed under water lubrication, revealing the superior behaviour of composites for special test conditions. A major influence of the free carbon on friction or wear behaviour was not observed. The tribological behaviour in air as well as under water is mainly dependant on the amount of titanium phases. KW - Siliziumkarbid KW - Verbundwerkstoffe KW - Tribooxidation KW - Silicon carbide KW - Ceramic composites KW - Humidity water KW - Lubrication PY - 2001 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1648(01)00566-X SN - 0043-1648 VL - 249 SP - 220 EP - 228 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-900 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klaffke, Dieter T1 - Reibung und Verschleiß untersuchen - Prüftechnische Aspekte beim Schwingungsverschleiß KW - Reibung KW - Verschleiss KW - Schwingungsverschleiss PY - 1996 SN - 0025-5300 VL - 38 IS - 1-2 SP - 30 EP - 34 PB - Carl Hanser Verlag CY - München AN - OPUS4-660 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klaffke, Dieter T1 - On the repeatibibliy of friction and wear results and on the influence of humidity in oscillating sliding tests of steel - steel pairings KW - Reibung KW - Verschleiss KW - Reproduzierbarkeit PY - 1995 SN - 0043-1648 VL - 189 SP - 117 EP - 121 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-597 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Skopp, André A1 - Klaffke, Dieter T1 - Friction and Wear Behaviour of Hard Coatings in Vibrating Contacts N2 - The friction and wear behaviour of thin hard coatings, such as TiN and the promising class of C-based coatings (a-C, a-C:H, and diamond for example), are compared under oscillating and reciprocating sliding conditions. The typical effects of test parameters, such as stroke, frequency, normal force, relative humidity and test duration, are described as a basis for the proper selection of test conditions or, conversely, for the selection of suitable coatings for particular practical applications. Friction and wear data from over 1000 vibrating tests using thin hard coatings against 100Cr6 and against Al2O3 have been compiled in a database. This allows easy manipulation and comparison of test results. Using selection criteria and filter procedures (e. g., lifetime of coatings, friction limits, and critical wear rate), suitable coating systems for different test conditions can be chosen from the database. The effects of test parameters on friction and wear behaviour and changes have anyway to be known for meaningful tribotesting, as well as for the selection of coatings. KW - Tribotesting KW - Vibrating contacts KW - Friction KW - Wear KW - Running in KW - Hard coatings KW - TiN KW - Diamond-like carbon KW - DLC KW - Diamond KW - Operational parameters KW - Relative humidity KW - Surface analysis KW - Database PY - 1999 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/tt.3020060206 SN - 1354-4063 SN - 1557-685X VL - 6-2 SP - 171 EP - 192 PB - Coppin CY - Deal AN - OPUS4-839 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klaffke, Dieter A1 - Hartelt, Manfred A1 - Koesling, Frank-Peter T1 - Keramische Werkstoffe tribologisch charakterisieren KW - Tribobeanspruchung bei reversierendem Gleiten PY - 1999 SN - 0025-5300 VL - 41 IS - 7-8 SP - 286 EP - 293 PB - Carl Hanser Verlag CY - München AN - OPUS4-793 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klaffke, Dieter A1 - Maennig, Wolfgang-Werner T1 - Beobachtung und Orientierungsbestimmung der Oberflächenkristallite polykristalliner Al-99,999-Proben bei Biegewechselbeanspruchung PY - 1980 SN - 0025-5300 VL - 22 IS - 2 SP - 65 EP - 74 PB - Carl Hanser Verlag CY - München AN - OPUS4-9388 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klaffke, Dieter A1 - Maennig, Wolfgang-Werner T1 - Dynamische Untersuchung von Dauerschwingproben im Rasterelektronenmikroskop (Kurzfassung) N2 - Wechselbiege-Beanspruchungen werden unter dem Rasterelektronenmikroskop betrachtet. Der Einfluß der Kristallitorientierung wird erfaßt; Oberflächendeformationen, Rißbildung und Rißwachstum werden so untersucht. Der Vortrag ist Bestandteil der vorgesehenen Promotion des ersten Verfassers; deshalb bleibt eine ausführlichere Veröffentlichung einem späteren Zeitpunkt vorbehalten. PY - 1975 SN - 0025-5300 VL - 17 IS - 6 SP - 180 PB - Carl Hanser Verlag CY - München AN - OPUS4-8301 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klaffke, Dieter A1 - Maennig, Wolfgang-Werner A1 - Westphal, K. T1 - Wechselbiegeapparatur für die in situ-Untersuchung von Zerrüttungsvorgängen im Rasterelektronenmikroskop T1 - Specimen support for the in situ observation of bending fatigue N2 - Es wird eine Belastungsapparatur vorgestellt, mit der die Entwicklung der Verformungstopographie kontinuierlich während eines Zerrüttungs-Versuches im Objektraum des SEM verfolgt werden kann. Die dadurch möglich werdenden Lastphasen-Bilder gestatten abgesicherte Aussagen über die Rißverteilung an Probenoberflächen sowie qualitative Aussagen über Rißwachstumsvorgänge. PY - 1979 SN - 0161-0457 SN - 1932-8745 VL - 2 IS - 3 SP - 129 EP - 134 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken, NJ AN - OPUS4-9146 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -