TY - JOUR A1 - Tzschichholz, Grit A1 - Steinborn, Gabriele A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Klobes, Peter T1 - Characterisation of porous titania yttrium oxide compounds by mercury intrusion porosimetry and X-ray refractometry N2 - Aiming at ceramic materials of low thermal radiation emittance titania yttrium oxide ceramics have been prepared by sintering in air at 1,100 and 1,400 °C, respectively, and characterised. Due to its high infrared refractive index, average pore sizes up to 1 µm for optimal Mie scattering cross sections and over 35% porosity the material is a promising candidate for elevated temperature insulations. The essentially in large pore growth is achieved by graphitic nano and micro particle additives. The microstructure parameters of porosity, specific surface area, median and average pore sizes are determined by mercury intrusion porosimetry. Beyond this classical technique supplementary measurements by X-ray Absorption and X-ray refractometry reveal considerably larger average pore sizes due to closed pores not accessible for mercury. An additional advantage of the X-ray techniques is their non-destructive application, which allows other treatments afterwards. The combined application of both methods provides additional information and reliability in case of complex ceramic microstructures and may serve for improved developments of porous ceramics with optimised thermal scattering for energy savings in high temperature applications. KW - Porous ceramics KW - Mercury intrusion porosimetry KW - X-ray refractometry KW - Porosity KW - Specific surface area KW - Average pore size PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-010-9358-4 SN - 1380-2224 SN - 1573-4854 VL - 18 IS - 1 SP - 83 EP - 88 PB - Kluwer CY - Dordrecht AN - OPUS4-22977 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Michaeli, W. A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Lingk, O. T1 - A novel approach for measuring the specific volume of (semi-crystalline) polymers at elevated cooling rates using X-rays T2 - ANTEC 2007, Annual technical conference CY - Cincinnati, OH, USA DA - 2007-05-06 KW - Thermoplaste KW - Rekristallisation KW - Quenching KW - Monochromatische Radiometrie KW - Kurzzeit-Radiometrie KW - Röntgen-Szintillationsdetektor hoher Zählraten PY - 2007 SN - 0-9753707-5-8 SP - 1617 EP - 1621 PB - Society of Plastics Engineers AN - OPUS4-17186 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Schors, Jörg ED - Gerhard Busse, ED - Danny Van Hemelrijck, ED - Igor Solodov, ED - Anastasopoulos, Athanasios T1 - Direct iterative reconstruction of computed tomography trajectories (DIRECTT) T2 - 4th International Conference of Emerging Technologies in Non-Destructive Testing (ETNDT 4) CY - Stuttgart, Germany DA - 2007-04-02 KW - Computed tomography KW - Reconstruction algorithm PY - 2007 SN - 978-0-415-46476-5 SP - 229 EP - 236 PB - Taylor & Francis CY - London, UK AN - OPUS4-17560 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. T1 - X-ray diffraction and refraction topography of light weight materials T2 - 41st Annual Conference of The British Institute of Non-Destructive Testing - NDT 2002 CY - Southport, England DA - 2002-09-17 PY - 2002 AN - OPUS4-3092 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Harbich, Karl-Wolfram T1 - X-Ray Diffraction Scanning Microscopy - A new method of nondestructive Characterization of inhomogeneous materials T2 - ESA Symposium on Space Applications of Advanced Structural Materials (ESTEC) CY - Noordwijk, Netherlands DA - 1990-03-21 PY - 1990 IS - MBB-Z--0301-90-PUB SP - 447 EP - 450 PB - Zentrale Berichtsstelle, Technisch-wissenschaftliche Information, Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH CY - München AN - OPUS4-3269 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Harbich, Karl-Wolfram A1 - Lange, Axel ED - Burke, W. T1 - New X-ray scanning topographic approaches to nondestructive evaluation of composites T2 - International Symposium "Advanced Materials for Lightweight Structures" CY - Noordwijk, Netherlands DA - 1992-03-25 PY - 1992 SN - 92-9092-186-2 N1 - Serientitel: ESA SP – Series title: ESA SP IS - 336 SP - 229 EP - 232 PB - ESTEC, ESA Publ. Division CY - Noordwijk AN - OPUS4-3271 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Harbich, Karl-Wolfram A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Schors, Jörg ED - Vincenzini, P. T1 - X-ray refraction: A new method for nondestructive characterization of advanced ceramics N2 - Quantitative X-ray refraction topography is applied for improved nondestructive evaluation of advanced high performance ceramics. The method is based on X-ray small angle scattering by refraction of X-rays due to density differences of microstructures in heterogeneous materials. It determines the amount of inner surfaces and interfaces within the range of µm to nm dimensions. As the scattered refraction intensity is proportional to the inner surface density of a sample, a reference standard gives a quantitative measure for analytical requirements. X-ray refraction scanning topography visualizes integral interface properties at 10 µm spatial resolution by two-dimensional computer images. Characteristic microstructure parameters, i.e. density fluctuation, porosity and pore size distribution of several examples of SiO[2]-and SiC ceramics at different stages of sintering are presented. T2 - 9th World Ceramics Congress and Forum on New Materials ; 9th CIMTEC CY - Florence, Italy KW - Advanced ceramics PY - 1999 UR - http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=1811372 SN - 88-86538-17-0 N1 - Serientitel: Advances in science and technology – Series title: Advances in science and technology IS - 16 SP - 345 EP - 352 PB - Techna CY - Faenza AN - OPUS4-3272 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hampe, Andreas A1 - Harbich, Karl-Wolfram A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Rudolph, Hans-Volker T1 - The Determination of Inner Surfaces in Composites by X-Ray Refraction T2 - 12th International Conference on Composite Materials ; 12th ICCM Europe CY - Paris, France DA - 1999-07-05 PY - 1999 SN - 2-9514526-2-4 IS - 423 CY - Paris AN - OPUS4-3273 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Harbich, Karl-Wolfram A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Ekenhorst, Derk A1 - Schors, Jörg A1 - Lange, Axel T1 - X-Ray Refraction for NDT of Micro Cracks and Impacts N2 - High performance composites and other light weight materials are generally a comple problem to the performance of nondestructive testing methods. X-ray refraction provide unconventional X-ray scattering techniques to meet the actual demand for improve nondestructive characterization of these advanced materials. Scanning the samples across collimated narrow incident X-ray beam permits to image integral micro-structures (a present) with a resolution of 10 µm. Investigations of samples after strain-induced micro cracks and fibre debonding in impact damaged epoxy are shown. The physics of X-ray refraction are analogous to the well known refraction of light b optical lenses and prisms, governed by Snell's law. The special feature is the deflection a very small angles of few minutes of arc, as the refractive index of X-rays in matter i nearly one. Due to the density differences at inner surfaces most of the incident X-rays ar deflected. As the scattered intensity of refraction is proportional to the specific surface of sample, a reference standard gives a quantitative measure for analytical determinations. Figure 1 represents a two-dimensional damage distribution of an impact in a 0/90° CFR laminate of 3 mm, thickness. Unlike in ultrasonic testing, there is no shadowing effect o the successive layers. By use of X-ray refraction the exact concentration of debonde fibres is calculated for each position. Additionally the refraction allows the selection of th fibre orientation. T2 - 7th European Conference on Non-Destructive Testing (ECNDT) CY - Copenhagen, Denmark DA - 1998-05-26 PY - 1998 UR - http://www.ndt.net/abstract/ecndt98/435.htm SN - 87-986898-0-0 VL - 3 CY - Broendy, Denmark AN - OPUS4-3328 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Ekenhorst, Derk A1 - Harbich, Karl-Wolfram A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Schors, Jörg ED - Green, R. E. T1 - New X-ray refractography for non-destructive evaluation of advanced materials T2 - 8th International Symposium on Nondestructive Characterization of Materials CY - Boulder, CO, USA DA - 1997-06-15 PY - 1998 SN - 0-306-45900-0 VL - 8 SP - 409 EP - 416 PB - Plenum Press CY - New York AN - OPUS4-3330 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Harbich, Karl-Wolfram A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Schors, Jörg A1 - Ekenhorst, Derk A1 - Judd, M.D. A1 - Raynal, R. T1 - X-ray refraction characterizes leight weight materials PY - 1998 SN - 1018-8657 VL - 8 IS - 3 SP - 14 EP - 15 PB - European Space Agency CY - Noordwijk AN - OPUS4-3331 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. T1 - Non-destructive micro damage imaging of composites by X-ray refraction T2 - Aero NDT Forum, Aerospace Testing EXPO 2004 CY - Hamburg, Germany DA - 2004-03-30 PY - 2004 AN - OPUS4-5559 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. T1 - Nondestructive and mechanical testing of hybrid injection moulding materials T2 - HYJECT midterm assessment meeting, Europ. Kommission DG XII CY - Brussels, Belgium DA - 2001-06-11 PY - 2001 AN - OPUS4-7511 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eberbeck, D. A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. T1 - Identification of aggregates of magnetic nanoparticles in ferrofluids at low concentrations N2 - Different very dilute suspensions of magnetic nanoparticles (magnetite surrounded by an organic shell) in water (ferrofluids) were investigated using small-angle X-ray scattering. It is shown that the scattering originates not only from noncorrelated core–shell nanoparticles, but also from larger structures. By modelling, these structures can be identified as close-packed clusters consisting of core–shell particles (core diameter ~10 nm). The analysis of the radial distance distribution function, obtained by Fourier transformation of the scattered intensity, reveals a lower bound of the mean cluster size of about 40 nm. The formation of clusters is persistent, even in very dilute suspensions. PY - 2003 DO - https://doi.org/10.1107/S002188980301104X SN - 0021-8898 SN - 1600-5767 VL - 36 IS - 4 SP - 1069 EP - 1074 PB - Blackwell CY - Oxford AN - OPUS4-2638 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Harbich, Karl-Wolfram A1 - Schors, Jörg A1 - Wald, Oliver ED - Green, R. E. ED - Djordjevic, B. B. ED - Hentschel, M. P. T1 - X-Ray Diffraction and Refraction Topography of Light Weight Materials T2 - 11th International Symposium on Nondestructive Characterization of Materials CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2002-06-24 PY - 2003 SN - 3-540-40154-7 SP - 157 EP - 166 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-2639 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Ekenhorst, Derk A1 - Harbich, Karl-Wolfram A1 - Lange, Axel ED - Naslain, R. ED - Lamon, J. ED - Doumeingts, D. T1 - C-fibre degradation debonding and lamella buckling measurement in CMC by new X-ray topography T2 - 6th European Conference on Composite Materials ; 1st International Conference on High Temperature Ceramic Matrix Composites (HT-CMC1) CY - Bordeaux, France DA - 1993-09-20 PY - 1993 SN - 1-85573-143-6 VL - 1 SP - 245 EP - 250 PB - Woodhead CY - Cambridge AN - OPUS4-3647 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Harbich, Karl-Wolfram A1 - Lange, Axel T1 - New X-ray refractometry of paper and pigments T2 - 4. Internale Konferenz "Zerstörungsfreie Untersuchung an Kunst- und Kulturgütern" CY - Berlin DA - 1994-10-03 PY - 1994 SP - 291 EP - 295 CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-3650 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Harbich, Karl-Wolfram A1 - Lange, Axel T1 - Nondestructive evaluation of single fibre debonding in composites by X-ray refraction PY - 1994 SN - 0963-8695 VL - 27 IS - 5 SP - 275 EP - 280 PB - Butterworth-Heinemann CY - Oxford AN - OPUS4-3651 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Ekenhorst, Derk A1 - Harbich, Karl-Wolfram A1 - Lange, Axel T1 - New X.ray refractography for nondestructive investigations T2 - International Symposium on Advanced Materials for Lightweight Structures CY - Noordwijk, Netherlands DA - 1994-03-22 PY - 1994 N1 - Serientitel: ESA WPP – Series title: ESA WPP IS - 70 SP - 661 EP - 664 PB - ESTEC Conference Bureau CY - Noordwijk AN - OPUS4-3652 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Harbich, Karl-Wolfram A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Rudolph, Hans-Volker T1 - X-ray Refraction of Paper and Pigments PY - 1995 SN - 0025-5300 VL - 37 IS - 3 SP - 60 EP - 62 PB - Carl Hanser Verlag CY - München AN - OPUS4-3656 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Harbich, Karl-Wolfram A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Lange, Axel ED - Hemelrijck, Danny van T1 - New X-ray refractometry for nondestructive characterization of hihg performance composites and ceramics T2 - 1st Joint Belgian-Hellenic Conference on Nondestructive Testing CY - Patras, Greece DA - 1995-05-22 PY - 1996 SN - 90-5410-595-X SP - 185 EP - 189 PB - Balkema CY - Rotterdam, Netherlands AN - OPUS4-3660 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Harbich, Karl-Wolfram A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Ekenhorst, Derk A1 - Schors, Jörg ED - Michel, B. T1 - X-ray refraction for nondestructive investigation of micro cracks and impacts T2 - 2nd International Conference and Exhibition Micro Materials CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 1997-04-16 PY - 1997 SN - 3-932434-05-6 VL - 1 SP - 1025 EP - 1027 PB - ddp Goldenbogen CY - Dresden AN - OPUS4-3662 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. T1 - HYJECT T2 - Messe EUROMOLD 2002 CY - Frankfurt am Main, Germany DA - 2002-12-04 PY - 2002 AN - OPUS4-2033 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schors, Jörg A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. ED - Green, R. E. ED - Djordjevic, B. B. ED - Hentschel, M. P. T1 - Precise Measurements of Fibre Direction, Type and Content in CFRP by X-Ray Rotation Topography T2 - 11th International Symposium on Nondestructive Characterization of Materials CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2002-06-24 PY - 2003 SN - 3-540-40154-7 SP - 185 EP - 198 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-2766 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rudolph, Hans-Volker A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Ivers, Heinz A1 - Harbich, Karl-Wolfram ED - Green, R. E. ED - Djordjevic, B. B. ED - Hentschel, M. P. T1 - Characterization of damage accumulation during fatigue in fiber reinforced thermoplast by X-ray refraction T2 - 11th International Symposium on Nondestructive Characterization of Materials CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2002-06-24 PY - 2003 SN - 3-540-40154-7 SP - 705 EP - 710 PB - Springer CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-2771 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tidjani, Adams A1 - Wald, Oliver A1 - Pohl, M.-M. A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Schartel, Bernhard T1 - Polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride-nanocomposites: I-Characterization and thermal stability of nanocomposites produced under nitrogen and in air N2 - The morphology and thermal behaviour of polypropylene–graft–maleic anhydride (PP–g–MA) layered silicate (montmorillonite) nanocomposites were investigated using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry. The study focuses on the influence of the presence of oxygen during the preparation of PP–g–MA–nanocomposite using two different modified clays. The nanocomposites show tactoid, intercalated and exfoliated structures side by side with different dominant states depending on the clay used and on the processing conditions. The systems are described as multi-component blends rather than binary blends since the organic ions do not only change the mixing behaviour, but also influence material properties. Beside the physical barrier property of the clay layers also chemical processes were found to play an important role. KW - Polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride KW - Montmorillonites KW - Nanocomposites KW - X-ray KW - Thermal stability PY - 2003 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-3910(03)00174-5 SN - 0141-3910 SN - 1873-2321 VL - 82 IS - 1 SP - 133 EP - 140 PB - Applied Science Publ. CY - London AN - OPUS4-2773 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. T1 - Characterization of specific surfaces by X-Ray Refraction Topography T2 - Workshop "Nano Security 2005", MPI für Mikrostruktur-Physik CY - Halle (Saale), Germany DA - 2005-10-24 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-11745 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Harbich, Karl-Wolfram A1 - Klobes, Peter A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. T1 - Microstructural characterization of porous materials by two-dimensional X-ray refraction topography N2 - X-ray refraction topography determines the internal surfaces and interfaces of non-metallic porous materials within the range of namometer to micrometer dimensions. The method is based on refraction of X-rays caused by interfaces of microstructures in heterogeneous materials. Generally, it permits a non-destructive full volume characterization of the pore topology. The X-ray refraction scanning technique make possible to visualize integral interface properties up to 10 μm spatial resolution by two-dimensional topographic images. It detects the spatially resolved internal surfaces of both, open and closed pores. Comparison to a certified powder reference of uniform grain size and known packing density reveals a quantitative measure for calibration requirements. An investigation on SiC- and Al2O3-ceramics illustrate the quantitative characterization of the internal surface density, pore sizes and their spatial distribution as well as local porosity fluctuations. KW - X-ray refraction topography KW - Al2O3 ceramics KW - Internal surface density KW - Porosity fluctuation KW - Pore size PY - 2004 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2004.04.074 SN - 0927-7757 SN - 1873-4359 VL - 241 IS - 1-3 SP - 225 EP - 229 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-11972 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Schors, Jörg A1 - Wald, Oliver ED - Geer, R. T1 - X-Ray Diffraction Topography images materials by molecular probe T2 - Testing, Reliability, and Application of Micro- and Nano-Material Systems II CY - San Diego, CA, USA DA - 2005-03-08 KW - X-ray diffraction KW - X-ray topography KW - X-ray microscopy KW - Texture KW - Polymers KW - Composites KW - Ceramics KW - Compounds KW - Molecular probe KW - Non-metallics PY - 2005 SN - 0-8194-5747-7 N1 - Serientitel: SPIE proceedings series – Series title: SPIE proceedings series IS - 5766 SP - 9 EP - 14 PB - SPIE CY - Bellingham AN - OPUS4-11700 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. T1 - X-Ray Refraction Techniques T2 - Bruker AXS B.V. Invited Lecture CY - Delft, Netherlands DA - 2005-08-17 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-11747 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. T1 - 3D Synchrotron Refraction Computed Tomography T2 - Aerospace Testing EXPO 2005, BAM Messestand CY - Hamburg, Germany DA - 2005-04-05 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-11749 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. T1 - Direct iterative Recontruction of Computed Tomography Trajectories (DIRECTT) T2 - 10th SPIE Internat. Symp. "Nondestructive Evaluation for Health Monitoring and Diagnostics" CY - San Diego, CA, USA DA - 2005-03-08 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-11751 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. T1 - X-Ray Diffraction Topography images materials by molecular probe T2 - 10th SPIE Intern. Symp. "Nondestructive Evaluation for Health Monitoring and Diagnostics" CY - San Diego, CA, USA DA - 2005-03-08 PY - 2005 AN - OPUS4-11753 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schors, Jörg A1 - Harbich, Karl-Wolfram A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Lange, Axel T1 - Non-Destructive Micro Crack Detection in Modern Materials T2 - 9th European Conference on NDT CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2006-09-25 KW - X-ray KW - Refraction KW - Micro cracks KW - Inner surface KW - Topography KW - Composites PY - 2006 SN - 3-931381-86-2 SP - 1(?) EP - 5(?) PB - European Federation for Non-Destructive Testing CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-14040 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Schors, Jörg T1 - Direct Iterative Reconstruction of Computed Tomography Trajectories (Direct) T2 - 9th European Conference on NDT CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2006-09-25 KW - Computerised tomography KW - Reconstruction algorithm KW - Iterative CT reconstruction PY - 2006 SN - 3-931381-86-2 SP - 1 EP - 8(?) PB - European Federation for Non-Destructive Testing CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-14041 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Schors, Jörg T1 - NDE of Micro Structured Materials By X-Ray Diffraction and Refraction Topography T2 - 9th European Conference on NDT CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2006-09-25 KW - X-ray scattering topography KW - Nondestructive materials characterisation KW - Composites KW - Ceramics KW - Foams PY - 2006 SN - 3-931381-86-2 SP - 1(?) EP - 8(?) PB - European Federation for Non-Destructive Testing CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-14042 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. T1 - NDE of micro structured materials by X-ray diffraction an refraction topography T2 - 9th European Conference on NDT CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2006-09-25 PY - 2006 AN - OPUS4-14026 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trappe, Volker A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Ivers, Heinz ED - Gdoutos, E. T1 - Determination of inter-fibre-failure in complex, reinforced composites T2 - 16th European Conference of Fracture "Fracture of Nano and Engineering Materials and Structures" CY - Alexandroupolis, Greece DA - 2006-07-03 PY - 2006 SN - 1-402-04971-4 IS - 900_tra SP - 1 EP - 8(?) PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht AN - OPUS4-14183 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Rudolph, Hans-Volker A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Ivers, Heinz T1 - Damage accumulation in short fiber reinforced thermoplast by X-Ray refraction N2 - Micro damage structures of fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) can be characterized nondestructively by X-ray refraction topography, which images inner surfaces. The damage accumulation after fatigue treatment of short glass fiber reinforced polybutylene terephthalate (PBT-GF) is correlated to the applied load and the number of cycles. Micro cracks and fiber/matrix debonding during fatigue can be detected separately due to their different direction of X-ray small angle scattering. The residual strength over the crack surface decreases by a linear decay as 30 %, 60 % and 90 % of the materials lifetime is passed. T2 - 8th ECNDT CY - Barcelona, Spain DA - 2002-06-17 PY - 2002 UR - http://www.ndt.net/article/ecndt02/193/193.htm VL - 8 SP - 1 EP - 5 PB - European Federation for Non-Destructive Testing CY - Barcelona AN - OPUS4-1840 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Harbich, Karl-Wolfram A1 - Schors, Jörg A1 - Wald, Oliver T1 - X-ray diffraction and refraction topography of light weight materials T2 - Annual conference of the British Institute on Non-Destructive Testing ; NDT 2002 CY - Southport, England, UK DA - 2002-09-17 PY - 2002 SN - 0-903132-30-3 SP - 275 EP - 280 PB - British Institute of Non-Destructive Testing CY - Northampton AN - OPUS4-1938 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Harbich, Karl-Wolfram A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. T1 - Nondestructive Characterization of Monolithic Ceramics by X-Ray Refraction T2 - 7th Euro Ceramics - Conference and Exhibition of the European Ceramic Society (ECerS) CY - Brugge, Belgium DA - 2001-09-09 KW - X-ray refraction KW - Non-destructive testing KW - Porosity KW - Specific surface KW - Pore size PY - 2001 SN - 1013-9826 VL - 206-213 SP - 673 EP - 676 PB - Trans Tech Publ. CY - Aedermannsdorf AN - OPUS4-1861 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fensch-Kleemann, Elisabeth A1 - Harbich, Karl-Wolfram A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. T1 - Microstructural Characterisation of Porous Ceramics by X-Ray Refraction Topography KW - X-ray refraction topography KW - High pressure mercury intrusion KW - Non-destructive testing KW - Porosity KW - Surface density KW - Specific surface KW - Pore size PY - 2002 SN - 0173-9913 SN - 0196-6219 VL - 79 IS - 11 SP - E35 EP - E38 PB - Göller CY - Baden-Baden AN - OPUS4-1916 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Harbich, Karl-Wolfram A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Schors, Jörg T1 - X-ray refraction characterization of nonmetallic materials KW - Nondestructive characterization KW - X-ray refraction topography KW - Pore size KW - Crack density PY - 2001 SN - 0963-8695 VL - 34 SP - 297 EP - 302 PB - Butterworth-Heinemann CY - Oxford AN - OPUS4-945 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Schors, Jörg A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. T1 - Non-destructive Inspection of Ceramic/Composite Materials using Non-classical X-Ray Techniques KW - CFRP KW - WAXS KW - XROT KW - FAXOT PY - 1999 IS - ESA CR(P)-4273 SP - 1 EP - 48 PB - BAM CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-792 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Harbich, Karl-Wolfram A1 - Schors, Jörg A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. ED - van Hemelrijck, D. T1 - X-ray refraction - new methods for non-destructive evaluation of advanced materials T2 - 2nd International Conference on Emerging Technologies in NDT CY - Athens, Greece DA - 1999-05-24 KW - X-ray refraction PY - 2000 SN - 90-5809-127-9 SP - 207 EP - 212 PB - Balkema CY - Rotterdam AN - OPUS4-851 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Müller, Bernd R. A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. T1 - Synchrotron radiation refraction topography for charcterization of lightweight materials N2 - The employment of synchrotron radiation for refraction topography of materials has considerable advantages over standard x-ray sources. The much higher beam intensity and the parallel and monochromatic radiation provide faster measurements and better angular and spatial resolution. X-ray refraction techniques image the inner surface and interface concentration of micro-structured materials. This effect of x-ray optics is additional to small-angle scattering by diffraction, when the scattering objects reach micrometre dimensions. We have developed x-ray refraction techniques within the last decade in order to meet the growing demands for improved non-destructive characterization of high-performance composites, ceramics and other low-density materials. Sub-micron particle dimensions, the pore size of ceramics, the crack density distribution and single fibre debonding within damaged composites can be measured and visualized by computer-generated interface topographs. For this purpose investigations are now being performed at the new hard x-ray beamline of the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) at BESSY, Berlin. This BAMline provides monochromatic radiation of photon energies from 5 to 60 keV from a double multilayer and/or a double-crystal monochromator. A separate instrument is dedicated to the further development and application of synchrotron radiation refraction (SRR) topography. Different from conventional small-angle scattering cameras with collimating slits and pinholes, scattering angles down to a few seconds of arc are selected by a single-crystal analyser, similar to a Bonse-Hart diffractometer. A 20 µm spatial resolution of the scattering micro-structures is achieved by a CCD camera with a fluorescent converter. First SRR topographs of aircraft composites [carbon fibre-reinforced plastics (CFRP), carbon fibre-reinforced ceramics (C/C), metal matrix ceramics (MMC)] will be reported. KW - BAMline KW - Refraction topography PY - 2004 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/xrs.736 SN - 0049-8246 VL - 33 IS - 6 SP - 402 EP - 406 PB - Wiley CY - Chichester AN - OPUS4-11930 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Bernd R. A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Harwardt, Marco A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Illerhaus, Bernhard A1 - Goebbels, Jürgen A1 - Bamberg, J. A1 - Heutling, F. ED - Danny Van Hemelrijck, ED - Igor Solodov, ED - Anastasopoulos, Athanasios ED - Gerhard Busse, T1 - Synchrotron-Refraction-Computed-Tomography for NDT and characterisation of lightweight composite materials T2 - 4th International Conference of Emerging Technologies in Non-Destructive Testing (ETNDT 4) CY - Stuttgart, Germany DA - 2007-04-02 KW - Refraction KW - Computed Tomography KW - NDE KW - Ti-MMC PY - 2008 SN - 978-0-415-46476-5 SP - 217 EP - 221 PB - Taylor & Francis CY - London, UK AN - OPUS4-18680 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Bernd R. A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Harwardt, Michael A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Illerhaus, Bernhard A1 - Goebbels, Jürgen A1 - Bamberg, J. A1 - Heutling, F. T1 - Micro Crack Characterization of Metal Matrix Composites by 3D-Refraction-Computed-Tomography T2 - 16th World Conference on Nondestructive Testing CY - Montreal, Canada DA - 2004-08-30 KW - NDE KW - X-ray refraction KW - Composites KW - MMC PY - 2004 SP - 9 pages PB - International Committee for Non-Destructive Testing CY - Montreal AN - OPUS4-5486 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grothausmann, R. A1 - Zehl, G. A1 - Manke, I. A1 - Fiechter, S. A1 - Bogdanoff, P. A1 - Dorbandt, I. A1 - Kupsch, Andreas A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Schumacher, G. A1 - Banhart, J. T1 - Quantitative structural assessment of heterogeneous catalysts by electron tomography N2 - We present transmission electron microscope (TEM) tomography investigations of ruthenium-based fuel cell catalyst materials as employed in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC). The digital three-dimensional representation of the samples not only enables detailed studies on number, size, and shape but also on the local orientation of the ruthenium particles to their support and their freely accessible surface area. The shape analysis shows the ruthenium particles deviate significantly from spherical symmetry which increases their surface to volume ratio. The morphological studies help to understand the structure formation mechanisms during the fabrication as well as the high effectiveness of these catalysts in the oxygen reduction reaction at the cathode side of fuel cells. KW - Electron tomography KW - Reconstruction algorithm KW - Catalyst KW - Fuel cell PY - 2011 DO - https://doi.org/10.1021/ja2032508 SN - 0002-7863 SN - 1520-5126 VL - 133 IS - 45 SP - 18161 EP - 18171 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington, DC AN - OPUS4-24833 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kupsch, Andreas A1 - Lange, Axel A1 - Hentschel, Manfred P. A1 - Lück, S. A1 - Schmidt, V. A1 - Grothausmann, R. A1 - Hilger, A. A1 - Manke, I. T1 - Missing wedge computed tomography by iterative algorithm DIRECTT N2 - A strategy to mitigate typical reconstruction artefacts in missing wedge computed tomography is presented. These artefacts appear as elongations of reconstructed details along the mean direction (i.e. the symmetry centre of the projections). Although absent in standard computed tomography applications, they are most prominent in advanced electron tomography and also in special topics of X-ray and Neutron tomography under restricted geometric boundary conditions. We investigate the Performance of the DIRECTT (Direct Iterative Reconstruction of Computed Tomography Trajectories) algorithm to reduce the directional artefacts in standard procedures. In order to be sensitive to the anisotropic nature of missing wedge artefacts, we investigate isotropic substructures of metal foam as well as circular disc models. Comparison is drawn to filtered backprojection and algebraic techniques. Reference is made to reconstructions of complete data sets. For the purpose of assessing the reconstruction Quality, Fourier transforms are employed to visualize the missing wedge directly. Deficient reconstructions of disc models are evaluated by a length-weighted boundary orientations. The DIRECTT results are assessd at different signal-to-noise ratios by means of local and integral evaluation Parameters. KW - Tomography KW - Algorithm KW - Reconstruction KW - Computed tomography KW - Electron tomography KW - Image morphology KW - Iterative reconstruction KW - Missing wedge PY - 2016 DO - https://doi.org/10.1111/jmi.12313 SN - 1365-2818 VL - 261 IS - 1 SP - 36 EP - 45 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken, New Jersey, USA AN - OPUS4-35801 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -