TY - JOUR A1 - Kaudelka, Sven A1 - Hofmann-Böllinghaus, Anja A1 - Hauswaldt, S. A1 - Krause, U. T1 - Auswirkung von Zündquellen und Systembeschaffenheit auf das Brandverhalten EPS-basierter Wärmedämm-Verbundsysteme N2 - Gegenstand des Aufsatzes ist die experimentelle Untersuchung der Auswirkungen verschiedener Zündquellen sowie der Systembeschaffenheit auf das Brandverhalten EPS-basierter Wärmedämm-Verbundsysteme (WDVS). Dazu wurden Brände ausgewertet, die mit EPS-basierten WDVS in Verbindung stehen. Ergebnis dieser Auswertung war, dass nicht wie bisher angenommen der Brand in dem Gebäude (z. B. der Wohnungsbrand), sondern vielmehr der Brand außerhalb des Gebäudes, insbesondere der des Abfallbehälters, das häufigste und kritischste Brandszenario für EPS-basierte WDVS darstellt. Daraufhin wurden an der BAM Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung Brandversuche in der Single Burning Item-Prüfeinrichtung (SBI) an nicht intakten EPS-basierten WDVS-Ausschnitten durchgeführt. Mit zunehmender Beschädigungsgröße und -tiefe stieg die vom System freigesetzte Wärmefreisetzungsrate an. Zusätzlich werden Brandversuche eines Sockelbrandszenarios mit einer abfallbehälteräquivalenten Brandlast vorgestellt. Aus den Brandversuchen werden Empfehlungen zur Verbesserung der Systemsicherheit abgeleitet.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The influence of different ignition sources and conditions of the systems on the fire behaviour of external thermal insulating systems (ETICS) have been investigated experimentally. As a basis of the investigations real cases with EPS based ETICS have been analysed. The analysis showed that the fire in front of the building is the most common and critical fire scenario for these systems. These fires are often caused by waste containers. This result contradicts the former common assumption that the fire inside the building is the most critical fire scenario for ETICS. Intermediate scale experiments in the Single Burning Item (SBI) test apparatus have been performed at BAM with ETICS specimens. The render of the systems was partially damaged. The measured heat release rate of the specimens increased significantly with size and depths of the damages. Additionally results of large scale experiments with a waste container equivalent ignition source are presented and recommendations to enhance fire safety of these systems are given. KW - Fassaden KW - Wärmedämm-Verbundsystem (WDVS) KW - Expandiertes Polystyrol (EPS) KW - Brandverhalten von Baustoffen KW - Bemessungsbrandszenario KW - Sockelbrand KW - Abfallbehälter KW - ET/CS KW - External thermal insulation composite system KW - Expanded polystyrene KW - Waste containers KW - Released heat rate KW - Plinths-based fire scenario KW - Single burning item test KW - Single Burning Item-Prüfeinrichtung (SBI) KW - Wärmefreisetzungsrate KW - DIBt-Empfehlung KW - Façades KW - Brandschutz - Fire protection engineering PY - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/bapi.201510023 SN - 0171-5445 SN - 1437-0980 VL - 37 IS - 4 SP - 205 EP - 212 PB - Ernst CY - Berlin AN - OPUS4-33835 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hofmann-Böllinghaus, Anja A1 - Kaudelka, S. A1 - Hauswaldt, S. T1 - Fire safety of FAÇADES with polystyrene foam insulation N2 - As part of energy‐efficient renovations or for the construction of new buildings often external thermal insulation composite (ETIC) are used. In 2015, in Germany almost 37 million square meters were installed. But several fires involving ETIC systems with polystyrene foam (EPS) insulation in Germany led to an extensive discussion about fire safety of such systems. A collection initiated by the Frankfurt fire service of façade fires which include polystyrene insulation foam1 shows that more than two thirds of all reported fires started in front of buildings. In half of these fires burning waste containers were the first burning objects. Consequently, German building authorities called for tests of existing approved ETIC systems with EPS insulation in a fire Scenario representing a burning waste container. As these tests revealed weaknesses in the existing ETIC systems measures were introduced to enhance the systems. However, the recently introduced German test standard DIN 4102‐20 does not take These changes into account. The DIN test represents a fire where flames emerge an opening but is downscaled regarding the size of the fire load and therefore does not represent a fully developed fire in a room. In ETIC systems with EPS insulation, the render is an important factor for the fire performance of these systems as collapse of the render usually leads to very rapid fire development. Intermediate scale tests with ETICs specimens indicate that mechanical damages of the render weaken the System significantly. Challenges and possible measures to enhance fire safety of ETIC systems are discussed. KW - Fire KW - Polystyrene KW - Facade PY - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/fam.2662 SN - 0308-0501 SN - 1099-1018 VL - 42 IS - 5 SP - 466 EP - 474 PB - Wiley CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-45747 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -