TY - CONF A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Wenzel, Klaus-Jürgen A1 - Biermann, Jirka A1 - Hollesch, Martin A1 - Gubzhokov, R. A1 - Reinholz, Uwe T1 - WDX - ein wellenlängendispersives Spektrometer für die BAMline T2 - Lange Nacht der Wissenschaften 2013 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2013-06-08 PY - 2013 AN - OPUS4-28622 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ordavo, I. A1 - Ihle, S. A1 - Arkadiev, V. A1 - Scharf, Oliver A1 - Soltau, H. A1 - Bjeoumikhov, A. A1 - Bjeoumikhova, S. A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Gubzhokov, R. A1 - Günther, A. A1 - Hartmann, R. A1 - Holl, P. A1 - Kimmel, N. A1 - Kühbacher, M. A1 - Lang, M. A1 - Langhoff, N. A1 - Liebel, A. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Schaller, G. A1 - Schopper, F. A1 - Strüder, L. A1 - Thamm, C. A1 - Wedell, R. T1 - A new pnCCD-based color X-ray camera for fast spatial and energy-resolved measurements N2 - We present a new high resolution X-ray imager based on a pnCCD detector and a polycapillary optics. The properties of the pnCCD like high quantum efficiency, high energy resolution and radiation hardness are maintained, while color corrected polycapillary lenses are used to direct the fluorescence photons from every spot on a sample to a corresponding pixel on the detector. The camera is sensitive to photons from 3 to 40 keV with still 30% quantum efficiency at 20 keV. The pnCCD is operated in split frame mode allowing a high frame rate of 400 Hz with an energy resolution of 152 eV for Mn Kα (5.9 keV) at 450 kcps. In single-photon counting mode (SPC), the time, energy and position of every fluorescence photon is recorded for every frame. A dedicated software enables the visualization of the elements distribution in real time without the need of post-processing the data. A description of the key components including detector, X-ray optics and camera is given. First experiments show the capability of the camera to perform fast full-field X-Ray Fluorescence (FF-XRF) for element analysis. The imaging performance with a magnifying optics (3×) has also been successfully tested. KW - X-ray CCD camera KW - pnCCD KW - Fast X-ray imaging KW - XRF KW - Full-field X-ray fluorescence KW - Elemental analysis KW - High quantum efficiency KW - High energy resolution KW - Polycapillary optics PY - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2011.05.080 SN - 0168-9002 SN - 0167-5087 VL - 654 SP - 250 EP - 257 PB - North-Holland CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-24370 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - El-Hasan, T. A1 - Szczerba, Wojciech A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Kersten, M. T1 - Cr(VI)/Cr(III) and As(V)/As(III) ratio assessments in Jordanian spent oil shale produced by aerobic combustion and anaerobic pyrolysis N2 - With the increase in the awareness of the public in the environmental impact of oil shale utilization, it is of interest to reveal the mobility of potentially toxic trace elements in spent oil shale. Therefore, the Cr and As oxidation state in a representative Jordanian oil shale sample from the El-Lajjoun area were investigated upon different lab-scale furnace treatments. The anaerobic pyrolysis was performed in a retort flushed by nitrogen gas at temperatures in between 600 and 800 °C (pyrolytic oil shale, POS). The aerobic combustion was simply performed in porcelain cups heated in a muffle furnace for 4 h at temperatures in between 700 and 1000 °C (burned oil shale, BOS). The high loss-on-ignition in the BOS samples of up to 370 g kg–1 results from both calcium carbonate and organic carbon degradation. The LOI leads to enrichment in the Cr concentrations from 480 mg kg–1 in the original oil shale up to 675 mg kg–1 in the ≥850 °C BOS samples. Arsenic concentrations were not much elevated beyond that in the average shale standard (13 mg kg–1). Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) analysis revealed that within the original oil shale the oxidation states of Cr and As were lower than after its aerobic combustion. Cr(VI) increased from 0% in the untreated or pyrolyzed oil shale up to 60% in the BOS ash combusted at 850 °C, while As(V) increased from 64% in the original oil shale up to 100% in the BOS ash at 700 °C. No Cr was released from original oil shale and POS products by the European compliance leaching test CEN/TC 292 EN 12457-1 (1:2 solid/water ratio, 24 h shaking), whereas leachates from BOS samples showed Cr release in the order of one mmol L–1. The leachable Cr content is dominated by chromate as revealed by catalytic adsorptive stripping voltammetry (CAdSV) which could cause harmful contamination of surface and groundwater in the semiarid environment of Jordan. KW - Trace-elements KW - Fly-ash KW - Speciation KW - Chromium KW - Sediments KW - Behavior KW - Metals KW - Xanes KW - Cr KW - Transformation PY - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/es200695e SN - 0013-936X SN - 1520-5851 VL - 45 IS - 22 SP - 9799 EP - 9805 PB - ACS Publ. CY - Washington, DC AN - OPUS4-25290 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Guilherme, A. A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Carvalho, M.L. T1 - Focusing systems for the generation of X-ray micro beam: An overview N2 - This manuscript reviews the most used optical systems for X-ray microprobes and summarizes the experiences in research with synchrotron radiation as well as with X-ray tube generators. The need for smaller beam spot sizes for various applications and the unique properties of X-rays have induced a remarkable and fast development in X-ray optical systems. These systems are divided into three main categories: diffractive, reflective and refractive. Examples of the three will be covered in this paper, highlighting the properties that allow having spot sizes down to sub-micrometer regime. However, the extraordinary capabilities of such systems are always relative. Therefore, an overview of the techniques that use such optical systems will be given, emphasizing their applicability on several case studies. KW - X-ray optic KW - K–B mirror KW - Capillary KW - Compound refractive lens KW - Fresnel zone plate PY - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2012.07.021 SN - 0584-8547 SN - 0038-6987 VL - 77 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-27722 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Hahn, M. T1 - Tissue contamination with implant components after metal-on-metal hip resurfacing arthroplasty. T2 - ICXOM - International Congress on X-ray Optics and Microanalysis CY - Hamburg, Germany DA - 2013-09-02 PY - 2013 AN - OPUS4-29251 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Kaden, T. A1 - Kreßner-Kiel, D. T1 - µ-XRF and µ-XANES, tools for the analysis of metallic impurities in photovoltaic polycrystalline silicon T2 - European Conference on X-ray Spectrometry CY - Figueira da Foz, Portugal DA - 2010-06-20 PY - 2010 AN - OPUS4-21203 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grunewald, Christian A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich T1 - SRXRF-measurements at non-planar objects: automatic determination of the angle of incidence of the exciting X-ray N2 - For quantitative SRXRF measurements the angle of incidence of the incoming X-ray beam is an important factor. When the sample is focused by a long-range-microscope, the determination of the angle can be automatized using a simple algorithm. This was developed to improve the orientation of especially round or ornate samples. As a side effect the three dimensional surface can be reconstructed, too. KW - X-ray fluorescence KW - Synchrotron radiation KW - Long-range microscope PY - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/c0ja00237b SN - 0267-9477 SN - 1364-5544 VL - 26 IS - 5 SP - 1088 EP - 1089 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - London AN - OPUS4-23193 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Guilherme, A. A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Coroado, J. A1 - Dos Santos, J.M.F. A1 - Carvalho, M.L. T1 - Synchrotron micro-XRF with compound refractive lenses (CRLs) for tracing key elements on Portuguese glazed ceramics N2 - Several glazed ceramic fragments (XVIth to XVIIIth centuries) from two production centers in Portugal (Coimbra and Lisbon) were the object of this study. The ones from Coimbra comprise two sets of samples: faiences and tiles. The ones from Lisbon are only tiles (azulejos, in Portuguese). The three main divisions of such pieces are the ceramic support (body), glaze and surface decoration. The system decoration/glaze is not easy to investigate, due to the high heterogeneity resulting from the mixing procedures and firing temperatures used. Moreover, the ability of the pigment to diffuse into the base glaze varies depending on the composition of both the pigment and the glaze in terms of fusibility. In order to raster these effects, high resolution techniques are required. In this work, synchrotron micro-X-ray fluorescence (µ-XRF) analysis was performed to monitor the profiles of the characteristic elements from the colors used and the glaze in well prepared cross-sections of the samples. Key elements are: Co for blue, Mn for purple, Cu for green, Sb for yellow, Pb for the glaze and Fe for the body. The major difference observed is that faiences have glaze thicknesses between 150 and 200 µm and tiles have glaze thicknesses between 350 and 400 µm. Furthermore, in faiences all the pigments except the yellow ones are well dispersed into the glassy matrix, while in tiles, all of them are just partially diffused throughout the glaze. However, differences between the tiles from Coimbra and Lisbon were observed. In the samples from Lisbon, a higher intake from the pigment throughout the glaze is observed. KW - Synchrotron micro-XRF KW - Compound refractive lenses (CRLs) KW - Portuguese glazed ceramics PY - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/c2ja30030c SN - 0267-9477 SN - 1364-5544 VL - 27 IS - 6 SP - 966 EP - 974 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - London AN - OPUS4-26789 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Streli, C. T1 - Micro-X-ray absorption spectroscopy with compound refractive lenses N2 - A study regarding the possibility to use compound refractive lenses (CRLs) for X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was conducted. For XAS measurements the energy of the monochromatic incident beam has to be tuned over an energy range which is broader than the energy bandwidth of a CRL. To prove that µ-XAS with compound refractive lenses is possible, it had to be investigated how changes in the energy influence the beam parameters. This was done by tuning the energy around the nominal energy of the lens and recording images with a high resolution X-ray imaging setup. To investigate the changes in the spot size the scintillator was placed at the nominal focal distance and scans along the beam axis were performed. The effect on the photon flux of the incident beam due to absorption in the lens was investigated by performing XANES measurement on different reference materials with and without CRL. The results of these measurements using a CRL designed for 9 keV are shown and discussed. KW - Micro-XAS KW - Compound refractive lens PY - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/c2ja30130j SN - 0267-9477 SN - 1364-5544 VL - 27 IS - 10 SP - 1803 EP - 1808 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - London AN - OPUS4-26790 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Thünemann, Andreas A1 - Streli, C. T1 - Impurities in multicrystalline silicon wafers for solar cells detected by synchrotron micro-beam X-ray fluorescence analysis N2 - We report on the trace analysis of copper and iron impurities in multicrystalline silicon wafers with the microbeam X-ray fluorescence (µ-XRF) technique. The efficiency of solar cells, which are based on multicrystalline silicon wafers, is strongly influenced by minor contamination with metals such as copper and iron. Application of compound refractive lenses (CRLs) in µ-XRF allows versatile two-dimensional mapping of relevant contaminations and localization of their sites of deposition. In this context, the measured bulk average limit of detection (LOD) was one picogram of iron and copper per gram of silicon. We suggest that µ-XRF is a valuable tool for non-destructive spatial (3D) quantification of metal impurities in a wide range of materials and devices whose functioning could be critically affected by impurities. KW - X-ray micro beam KW - Compound refractive lens KW - Solar cell KW - Silicon impurities PY - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/c2ja30188a SN - 0267-9477 SN - 1364-5544 VL - 27 IS - 11 SP - 1875 EP - 1881 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - London AN - OPUS4-26791 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Constantinescu, B. A1 - Vasilescu, A. A1 - Stan, D. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Ceccato, D. A1 - Oberländer-Târnoveanu, E. T1 - Studies on archaeological gold items found in Romanian territory using X-ray-based analytical spectrometry N2 - This paper is an overview of the work developed by our group in the investigations of museum objects and alluvial gold, reflected in a series of studies published between 2000–2011, supplemented with new results, unpublished up-to-date. The X-ray based spectrometric techniques employed range from various X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) investigations to ion beam analysis, including synchrotron radiation XRF and micro-Particle Induced X-ray Emission. The gold objects discussed are mainly part of the Sarmizegetusa Dacian hoards—spiraled bracelets (armbands) and coins. After obtaining in 2011 the permission of the Romanian authorities to take very small (1–2 mg) samples from the most 'unimportant' areas of the Dacian bracelets and several Koson staters, to analyze them by micro-SR-XRF at BESSY, in February 2012, the investigation of several micro-areas of 17 stater and 28 bracelet samples revealed important micro-structural inhomogeneity, especially in Sn and Cu. The same inhomogeneous micro-structure has been seen in Transylvanian alluvial gold. The analyses revealed details on the fingerprint of geological gold deposits and also the main characteristics of ancient gold metallurgy procedures used by the Dacians: a relatively low temperature (lower than Au melting point) and hammering during heating to obtain an ingot through sintering. The use of the sintering procedure was proved for the spiraled bracelets and the Koson without monogram coins, a tradition starting in the Bronze Age in Transylvanian gold processing. The existence of micro-inclusions of Ta-minerals in alluvial gold was also detected, explaining Ta trace presence in the artifacts from the Pietroasa hoard. KW - Micro-SR-XRF KW - Micro-PIXE KW - Archaeometry KW - Gold KW - Romania PY - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/c2ja30158j SN - 0267-9477 SN - 1364-5544 VL - 27 IS - 12 SP - 2076 EP - 2081 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - London AN - OPUS4-26991 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Hahn, M. T1 - Tissue contamination with implant components after metal-on-metal hip resurfacting arthoplasty T2 - European Conference on X-Ray Spectrometry (EXRS) CY - Vienna, Austria DA - 2012-06-18 PY - 2012 AN - OPUS4-27191 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Rakotondrajoa, Andrianiaina A1 - Raboanary, R. T1 - New approach for PLS regression based XRF spectroscopy quantification method T2 - European Conference on X-Ray Spectrometry (EXRS) CY - Vienna, Austria DA - 2012-06-18 PY - 2012 AN - OPUS4-27188 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Hahn, M. T1 - Investigation of the bone tissue contamination with implatcomponents after metal-on-metal hip resurfacing arthrolasty. T2 - 4th joint BER II and BESSY II user meeting 2012 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2012-12-12 PY - 2012 AN - OPUS4-27253 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Hahn, M. T1 - Materialprüfung in der Osteologie mittels µ-RFA T2 - Knochen-Implantat-Interface: Interaktion von Knochenbiologie und Implantatmaterial CY - Hamburg, Germany DA - 2014-02-06 PY - 2014 AN - OPUS4-30162 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Menzel, M. A1 - Scharf, O. A1 - Novak, S. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Hischenhuber, P. A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Meyer, A. A1 - Lopez, V. A1 - McIntosh, K. A1 - Streli, C. A1 - Havrilla, G. A1 - Fittschen, U. T1 - Shading in TXRF: calculations and experimental validation using a color X-ray camera N2 - Absorption effects in total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) analysis are important to consider, especially if external calibration is to be applied. With a color X-ray camera (CXC), that enables spatially and energy resolved XRF analysis, the absorption of the primary beam was directly visualized for mL-droplets and an array of pL-droplets printed on a Si-wafer with drop-on-demand technology. As expected, deposits that are hit by the primary beam first shade subsequent droplets, leading to a diminished XRF signal. This shading effect was quantified with enhanced precision making use of sub-pixel analysis that improves the spatial resolution of the camera. The measured absorption was compared to simulated results using three different model calculations. It was found they match very well (average deviation < 10%). Thus errors in quantification due to absorption effects can be accounted for in a more accurate manner. KW - absorption KW - X-ray Fluorescence analysis PY - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-359000 IS - 10 SP - 2184 EP - 2193 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge AN - OPUS4-35900 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Curado, Jessica A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Guttler, R.A.S. A1 - Rizzutto, M.A. T1 - μ-SRXRF characterization of Brazilian emeralds N2 - The aim of the present study is to characterize emeralds from different mines of Brazil by using Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Fluorescence Microanalysis (µ-SRXRF). The advantage of this technique is that we can analyze a homogeneous, inclusion free area of the stone with the microbeam to distinguish the elemental fingerprint according to the provenance of the emerald. A total of 47 samples belonging to 5 different Brazilian mines were studied in this work and 28 elements were identified. By means of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) it is possible to build different groups according to the provenance of the stones, which allows to assign samples of unknown origin to the according mine. T2 - 22nd International congress on X-ray optics and microanalysis CY - Hamburg, Germany DA - 02.09.2013 KW - µ-SRXRF KW - BAMline KW - Emeralds KW - Geoscience PY - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/499/1/012016 SN - 1742-6588 SN - 1742-6596 VL - 499 SP - 012016-1 EP - 012016-5 PB - IOP Publ. CY - Bristol, UK AN - OPUS4-30541 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rakotondrajoa, Andrianiaina A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Vincze, L. A1 - Raboanary, R. T1 - Improvement of PLS regression-based XRF spectroscopy quantification using multiple step procedure and Monte Carlo simulation N2 - Partial least squares (PLS) regression-based methods have been proven to be a good alternative for quantification in X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. These methods are fast and easy to use though giving satisfactory results under certain conditions. One of these conditions is the necessity of having a great number of spectra to build the model (training set). The choice of the constituent concentration range in the training set has a big influence on the accuracy of the model. Better accuracy is obtained if the model is built in relatively narrow regions containing (or close to) the real concentration value. In the present work, Monte Carlo (MC) simulated spectra are used to form the training set. The advantage to use MC generated training spectra is the unlimited availability of perfect standards. This paper aims to improve the accuracy of the method by introducing a multiple step procedure in order to build the PLS model using narrow concentration range close to (or containing) the real concentration values in the samples to be measured. This approach consists of an initial guess of the constituents' concentrations and a preliminary PLS model before building the final model. The prediction of ten MC simulated alloy standard samples containing Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Sr, Zr, and Mo using this method allowed to have average relative prediction errors less than 5% for elements with narrow concentration ranges. KW - SR-microXRF KW - Quantification KW - PLS KW - Monte Carlo PY - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/xrs.2479 SN - 0049-8246 VL - 42 IS - 4 SP - 183 EP - 188 PB - Wiley CY - Chichester AN - OPUS4-30225 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sávoly, Z. A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Pepponi, G. A1 - Streli, C. A1 - Hrács, K. A1 - Nagy, P.I. A1 - Záray, G. T1 - The fate of nano-ZnO and its bulk counterpart in the body of microscopic nematodes: an X-ray spectrometric study N2 - The distribution and speciation of zinc were studied in the body of female specimens of the soil-inhabiting, plant-feeding nematode, Xiphinema vuittenezi treated with nano-ZnO and its bulk counterpart. Lyophilized nematodes were studied by X-ray absorption near edge structure spectrometry (XANES) in order to characterize the zinc speciation. Furthermore, in the cross-sections prepared by focused ion beam technique, elemental maps were obtained using the electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) technique. XANES spectra were collected from three different regions (head, midbody and tail region) of nematodes in case of two different treatments (50 mg/L bulk and nano-ZnO suspension, 24 h long treatment). The sample spectra were fitted by the spectra of several reference compounds, the main components of the fitted spectra are the following in all cases: bulk/nano-ZnO; Zn–His and Zn3(PO4)2 * xH2O. Consequently, partial biotransformation takes place for both treatments, histidine- and phosphate-rich ligands play dominant role in the binding of zinc. According to the result of the EPMA analysis, it can be established that the distribution of zinc correlates with the calcium and phosphorus distribution for both treatments. Considering the results of the investigations performed by the two microanalytical techniques, it is likely that calcium phosphate granules were formed in order to bind zinc and hereby to take part in zinc detoxification. Apparent difference in the behavior of bulk and nano-sized ZnO in the body of the investigated nematodes was not found. KW - Nematode KW - Elemental distribution KW - X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) KW - ZnO nanoparticles KW - Zinc detoxification PY - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2014.08.011 SN - 0026-265x VL - 118 SP - 80 EP - 87 PB - Elsevier B.V. CY - Amsterdam [u.a.] AN - OPUS4-31632 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich T1 - XBIC, µRFA und µXANES an metallischen Verunreinigungen in polykristallinem Solarsilicium T2 - Deutsche Tagung für Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Neutronen und Ionenstrahlen, SNI 2010 CY - Berlin, Germany DA - 2010-02-24 PY - 2010 AN - OPUS4-20122 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scharf, Oliver A1 - Ihle, S. A1 - Ordavo, I. A1 - Arkadiev, V. A1 - Bjeoumikhov, A. A1 - Bjeoumikhova, S. A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Gubzhokov, R. A1 - Günther, A. A1 - Hartmann, R. A1 - Kühbacher, M. A1 - Lang, M. A1 - Langhoff, N. A1 - Liebel, A. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Soltau, H. A1 - Strüder, L. A1 - Thünemann, Andreas A1 - Wedell, R. T1 - Compact pnCCD-based X-ray camera with high spatial and energy resolution: a color X-ray camera N2 - For many applications there is a requirement for nondestructive analytical investigation of the elemental distribution in a sample. With the improvement of X-ray optics and spectroscopic X-ray imagers, full field X-ray fluorescence (FF-XRF) methods are feasible. A new device for high-resolution X-ray imaging, an energy and spatial resolving X-ray camera, is presented. The basic idea behind this so-called 'color X-ray camera' (CXC) is to combine an energy dispersive array detector for X-rays, in this case a pnCCD, with polycapillary optics. Imaging is achieved using multiframe recording of the energy and the point of impact of single photons. The camera was tested using a laboratory 30 µm microfocus X-ray tube and synchrotron radiation from BESSY II at the BAMline facility. These experiments demonstrate the suitability of the camera for X-ray fluorescence analytics. The camera simultaneously records 69696 spectra with an energy resolution of 152 eV for manganese Kα with a spatial resolution of 50 µm over an imaging area of 12.7 × 12.7 mm². It is sensitive to photons in the energy region between 3 and 40 keV, limited by a 50 µm beryllium window, and the sensitive thickness of 450 µm of the chip. Online preview of the sample is possible as the software updates the sums of the counts for certain energy channel ranges during the measurement and displays 2-D false-color maps as well as spectra of selected regions. The complete data cube of 264 × 264 spectra is saved for further qualitative and quantitative processing. KW - Color X-ray camera KW - X-ray fluorescence KW - pnCCD KW - Polycapillary optic KW - Synchrotron radiation PY - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/ac102811p SN - 0003-2700 SN - 1520-6882 VL - 83 IS - 7 SP - 2532 EP - 2538 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington, DC AN - OPUS4-23948 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich T1 - PART - An X-Ray Spectrometer for special applications in Cultural Heritage T2 - Seminarvortrag, Universität Lissabon, Falkultät für Physik CY - Lisbon, Portugal DA - 2010-06-30 PY - 2010 AN - OPUS4-21406 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich T1 - PART - An X-Ray Spectrometer for special applications in Cultural Heritage T2 - EXPRS 2010 CY - Figueira da Foz, Portugal DA - 2010-06-20 PY - 2010 AN - OPUS4-21407 LA - deu AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Curado, Jessica A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Scharf, O. T1 - Slicing - a new method for non destructive 3D elemental sensitive characterization of materials N2 - Recent advances in synchrotron sources and detector technology have led to substantial improvements in spatial resolution and detection limits for X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF). However, the non-destructive three-dimensional elemental sensitive characterization of samples remains a challenge. We demonstrate the use of the so-called 'Color X-ray Camera' (CXC) for 3D measurements for the first time. The excitation of the sample is realized with a thin sheet-beam. The stepwise movement of the sample allows getting the elemental distribution for each layer with one measurement. These layers can be combined to a full 3D dataset for each element afterwards. Since the information is collected layer by layer, there is no need to apply reconstruction techniques, which quite often are the reason for artifacts in the results achieved by computed tomography (CT). The field of applications is wide, as the 3D elemental distribution of a material contains clues to processes inside the samples from a variety of origins. The technique is of special interest and well suited for biological specimens, because their light matrix minimizes restricting absorption effects. Measurement examples of a hornet and the teeth of a Sorex araneus are shown. KW - SR-microXRF KW - 3D KW - CXC PY - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-324330 SN - 0267-9477 SN - 1364-5544 VL - 29 IS - 8 SP - 1339 EP - 1344 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - London AN - OPUS4-32433 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vasilescu, A. A1 - Constantinescu, B. A1 - Stan, D. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Ceccato, D. T1 - Studies on ancient silver metallurgy using SR XRF and micro-PIXE N2 - This work presents a complex evaluation of a series of Geto-Thracian silver adornments found on Romanian territory, part of the 4th century BC Agighiol (Northern Dobruja) hoard and of an ingot from the 1st century BC Geto-Dacian Surcea (Transylvania) hoard, using Synchrotron Radiation X-Ray Fluorescence and micro- Proton Induced X-ray Emission analysis and mapping in order to investigate aspects related to the elemental composition of the metal and the metallurgy implied in their manufacture. One of the samples can be linked to Laurion as the source of metal, and several items contain silver probably originated in Macedonia. The set of silver items was found to be heteregenous as composition and microstructure, and corrosion-related elements could be also identified in the X-Ray maps. KW - Synchrotron radiation XRF KW - Micro-PIXE KW - Archaeological silver PY - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2015.07.008 SN - 0969-806X SN - 0020-7055 SN - 0146-5724 VL - 117 SP - 26 EP - 34 PB - Pergamon Press CY - Oxford [u.a.] ; Frankfurt, M. AN - OPUS4-33809 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fretwurst, T. A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Nahles, S. A1 - Woelber, J. P. A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Nelson, K. T1 - Metal elements in tissue with dental peri-implantitis: a pilot study N2 - Objectives: Dental peri-implantitis is characterized by a multifactorial etiology. The role of metal elements as an etiological factor for peri-implantitis is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of metal elements in bone and mucosal tissues around dental Grade 4 CP titanium implants with signs of peri-implantitis in human patients. Methods: In this prospective pilot study, all patients were enrolled consecutively in two study centers. Bone and soft tissue samples of patients with peri-implantitis with indication for explantation were analyzed for the incidence of different elements (Ca, P, Ti, Fe) by means of synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (SRXRF) and polarized light microscopy (PLM). The existence of macrophages and lymphocytes in the histologic specimens was analyzed. Results: Biopsies of 12 patients (seven bone samples, five mucosal samples) were included and analyzed. In nine of the 12 samples (75%), the SRXRF examination revealed the existence of titanium (Ti) and an associated occurrence with Iron (Fe). Metal particles were detected in peri- implant soft tissue using PLM. In samples with increased titanium concentration, lymphocytes were detected, whereas M1 macrophages were predominantly seen in samples with metal particles. Conclusion: Titanium and Iron elements were found in soft and hard tissue biopsies retrieved from peri-implantitis sites. Further histologic and immunohistochemical studies need to clarify which specific immune reaction metal elements/particles induce in dental peri-implant tissue. KW - Peri-implantitis KW - Metal elements KW - Synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence PY - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/clr.12718 SN - 0905-7161 VL - 27 IS - 9 SP - 1178 EP - 1186 PB - WILEY-BLACKWELL CY - 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA AN - OPUS4-38641 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reifschneider, O. A1 - Vennemann, A. A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Hogeback, J A1 - Köppen, C. A1 - Großgarten, M. A1 - Sperling, M. A1 - Wiemann, M. A1 - Karst, U. T1 - Revealing Silver Nanoparticle Uptake by Macrophages Using SR-μXRF and LA-ICP-MS N2 - To better study the impact of nanoparticles on both in vitro and in vivo models, tissue distribution and cellular doses need to be described more closely. Here silver nanoparticles were visualized in alveolar macrophages by means of synchrotron radiation micro X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (SR-μXRF) with high spatial resolution of 3 × 3 μm2. For the spatial allocation of silver signals to cells and tissue structures, additional elemental labeling was carried out by staining with eosin, which binds to protein and can be detected as bromine signal with SR-μXRF. The method was compatible with immunostaining of macrophage antigens. We found that the silver distribution obtained with SR-μXRF was largely congruent with distribution maps from a subsequent laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) of the same tissue sites. The study shows a predominant, though not exclusive uptake of silver into alveolar macrophages in the rat lung, which can be modeled by a similar uptake in cultured alveolar macrophages. Advantages and limitations of the different strategies for measuring nanoparticle uptake at the single cell level are discussed. KW - Synchrotron KW - BAMline KW - XRF KW - Nanoparticle KW - Macrophagen PY - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00507 VL - 33 IS - 5 SP - 1250 EP - 1255 PB - American Chemical Society AN - OPUS4-50855 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - de Oliveira Guilherme Buzanich, Ana A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Scharf, O. A1 - Scholz, Philipp A1 - Guerra, M.F. T1 - Double Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (D2XRF) based on an Energy Dispersive pnCCD detector for the detection of platinum in gold N2 - With the aim of improving limits of detection (LOD) of trace elements in a matrix with adjacent fluorescence energies, a simple double dispersive X-ray fluorescence detection system (D2XRF) was constructed to operate at the beamlines BAMline and the mySpot @ BESSY II. This system is based on the combination of a crystal analyzer with an energy resolving single photon counting pnCCD. Without further collimators, the efficient suppression of the background by the pnCCD and the good energy resolution of the crystal results in improved LOD. In first order reflections, an energy resolution of 13 eV for Cu Kα was reached, and an energy range of 1 keV was covered in one shot. This new system was applied to the detection of platinum (Pt) in gold leaves with a LOD of 0.9 mg/kg, which is the lowest attained by totally non-destructive methods nowadays. The presence of Pt in gilded objects from Abydos and Byzantine mosaics provides vital information, as it indicates the alluvial origin of the gold for these examples. KW - Platinum Wavelength dispersive D2XRF KW - Gold Synchrotron XRF PY - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2015.10.039 VL - 125 SP - 56 EP - 61 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-35777 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fittschen, U.E.A. A1 - Menzel, M. A1 - Scharf, O. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Lopez, V.M. A1 - McIntosh, K. A1 - Streli, C. A1 - Havrilla, G.J. T1 - Observation of X-ray shadings in synchrotron radiation-total reflection X-ray fluorescence using a color X-ray camera N2 - Absorption effects and the impact of specimen shape on TXRF analysis has been discussed intensively. Model calculations indicated that ring shaped specimens should give better results in terms of higher counts per mass signals than filled rectangle or circle shaped specimens. One major reason for the difference in signal is shading effects. Full field micro-XRF with a color X-ray camera (CXC) was used to investigate shading, which occurs when working with small angles of excitation as in TXRF. The device allows monitoring the illuminated parts of the sample and the shaded parts at the same time. It is expected that sample material hit first by the primary beam shade material behind it. Using the CXC shading could be directly visualized for the high concentration specimens. In order to compare the experimental results with calculation of the shading effect the generation of controlled specimens is crucial. This was achieved by 'drop on demand' technology. It allows generating uniform, microscopic deposits of elements. The experimentally measured shadings match well with those expected from calculation. KW - TXRF KW - Full field micro-XRF KW - Color X-ray camera PY - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2014.06.025 SN - 0584-8547 SN - 0038-6987 VL - 99 SP - 179 EP - 184 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-31180 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - De Samber, B. A1 - Scharf, Oliver A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Garrevoet, J. A1 - Tack, P. A1 - Radtke, Martin A1 - Riesemeier, Heinrich A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Evens, R. A1 - De Schamphelaere, K. A1 - Falkenberg, G. A1 - Janssen, C. A1 - Vincze, L. T1 - Three-dimensional X-ray fluorescence imaging modes for biological specimens using a full-field energy dispersive CCD camera N2 - Besides conventional scanning X-ray fluorescence imaging at synchrotron sources, full-field X-ray fluorescence (FF-XRF) imaging techniques that do not implicitly require spatial scanning of the sample have become available. FF-XRF has become achievable thanks to the development of a new type of energy dispersive CCD-based 2D detector, also referred to as a 'color X-ray camera (CXC)' or 'SLcam'. We report on different imaging schemes for biological samples using FF-XRF imaging: (a) 2D 'zoom' imaging with pinhole optics using the 'camera obscura' principle; (b) 2D 'fixed magnification' imaging using magnifying polycapillary optics; and (c) 3D-FF-XRF imaging using an X-ray sheet beam or computed tomography (CT). The different FF-XRF imaging modes are illustrated using the crustacean Daphnia magna, a model organism for investigating the effects of metals on organism/ecosystem health, and foraminifera, a class of amoeboid protist. Detailed analytical characterization of the set-up is performed through analyzing various reference materials in order to determine limits of detection (LODs) and sensitivities. Experiments were performed using the BAMline at the BESSY synchrotron (Berlin, Germany) and using the P06 Hard X-ray Microprobe at the PETRAIII synchrotron (Hamburg, Germany). KW - CXC KW - BAMline KW - Maia detector KW - Synchrotron PY - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ja00198k VL - 34 IS - 10 SP - 2083 EP - 2093 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge, United Kingdom AN - OPUS4-49359 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hahn, Michael A1 - Buzanich, Günter A1 - Jähn, Katharina A1 - Reinholz, Uwe A1 - Radtke, Martin T1 - Analysis of cobalt deposition in periprosthetic bone specimens by high-resolution synchroton XRF in undecalcified histological thin sections N2 - Increasing numbers of implant revisions are a current clinical issue. Interactions of the endoprosthesis biomaterial with the body affect implantation time by wear processes, i.e. corrosion and abrasion. Previously, cobalt-chrome implants were shown to cause high levels of cobalt ions being deposited in the bone matrix. To determine a poten- tial functional role of these ions on bone homeostasis, we have developed a non-destructive dual analysis of highly sensitive elemental analysis by synchrotron XRF directly in undecalcified histological bone thin sections (4 μm). In this study, samples from 28 bone samples from hip endoprosthesis carriers (Surface Replacement Arthroplasty, metal-on-metal bearing) with an implant lifetime of 17–1750 days were used. Results were compared to age- matched control specimens. The histological analysis identified areas of bone cell activity and assigned them for XRF measurements. Co-Cr wear particles were identified in the bone marrow. In addition, Co ions were highly enriched in the mineralized bone matrix. The cobalt deposits were not homogeneously distributed, and areas of high signal intensity were identified. Co was distinctly deposited in the newly formed osteoid layer, but also within deeper layers of the bone matrix, whereby the Co concentration increased with higher degrees of bone matrix mineralization. In the current study, we determined cobalt accumulations in the bone matrix and showed for the first time via synchrotron XRF with a high spatial resolution direct on histological slides, that cobalt deposits in the mineralized bone matrix in a mineral-specific way that is dependent upon the implant lifetime. KW - Implant material KW - Cobalt deposition KW - Bone matrix KW - High-resolution synchrotron XRF KW - Histology PY - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtla.2019.100290 SN - 2589-1529 VL - 6 SP - 100290, 1 EP - 8 PB - Elsevier Inc. CY - Amsterdam, Niederlande AN - OPUS4-47620 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -