TY - CONF A1 - Heyn, Andreas A1 - Göllner, J. A1 - Burkert, Andreas T1 - Determination of critical pitting temperatures by electrochemical noise T2 - Corrosion 2004 ; 59th NACExpo 2004 ; 59th Annual conference & exposition. NACE International - The Corrosion Society CY - New Orleans, LA, USA DA - 2004-03-28 KW - Critical pitting temperature KW - Electrochemical noise KW - Stainless steel PY - 2004 IS - 04462 SP - 1 EP - 15(?) PB - NACE International CY - New Orleans, La. AN - OPUS4-2775 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Burkert, Andreas A1 - Lehmann, Jens A1 - Burkert, Annette A1 - Mietz, Jürgen T1 - Damage of stainless steel bars due to atmospheric corrosion N2 - In addition to constructional requirements in civil engineering stainless steels often have to fulfil high visual demands. Unexpected impairments of the visual appearance of stainless steels under low corrosive conditions are a widespread problem today. Frequently it is supposed that this is caused by changes in the alloy composition, worse environmental conditions or improper handling. Within a research project the systematic investigation of several cases of damaged stainless steel bars has shown that the reasons are based on well-known material defects like chemical inhomogeneities (e.g. precipitations or local carburization) or geometrical defects (e.g. undercuts, rolling defects or shell formation). Thus, the failures could be clearly identified as production failures of the respective semi-finished products. KW - Atmospheric corrosion KW - EPR test KW - Failure KW - Intercrystalline corrosion KW - Stainless steel KW - Nichtrostender Stahl KW - Werkstoffauswahl KW - Dauerhaftigkeit KW - Korrosion PY - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.201005701 SN - 0947-5117 SN - 1521-4176 VL - 63 IS - 3 SP - 264 EP - 270 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-25702 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klapper, Helmuth Sarmiento A1 - Burkert, Andreas A1 - Burkert, Annette A1 - Lehmann, Jens A1 - Villalba, A.L. T1 - Influence of surface treatments on the pitting corrosion of type 304 stainless steel by electrochemical noise measurements N2 - Surface treatments usually are used to modify the appearance and properties of stainless steel surfaces. Simultaneously, the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel surface being related intrinsically to the spontaneous formation of a passive layer also will be affected. In this respect, the influence of different surface treatments on the corrosion resistance of Type 304 (UNS S30400) stainless steel to pitting corrosion has been evaluated by means of potentiostatic electrochemical noise measurements and surface characterization. Typical industrial treatments including mechanical grinding, glass blasting, and pickling were taken into account. Additionally, special consideration was put on the effect of aging conditions of the passive layer after surface treatments, in particular on the relative humidity. Benefits and limitations of the different applied surface treatments concerning protectiveness of the stainless steel surface were determined and discussed. KW - Corrosion KW - Electrochemical noise KW - Pitting corrosion KW - Stainless steel KW - Surface treatment PY - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5006/1.3613641 SN - 0010-9312 SN - 1938-159X VL - 67 SP - 075004-1 EP - 075004-13 PB - National Association of Corrosion Engineers CY - Houston, Tex. AN - OPUS4-24247 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Burkert, Andreas A1 - Klapper, H.S. A1 - Lehmann, Jens T1 - Novel strategies for assessing the pitting corrosion resistance of stainless steel surfaces N2 - Pitting corrosion is one of the most common mechanisms of surface damage on stainless steels. Electrochemical methods have been preferentially applied for the evaluation of the pitting corrosion resistance of stainless steels in the laboratory. Nevertheless, some of them are not reliable enough and in general the application of electrochemical methods in the field becomes difficult because of required deep understanding of corrosive phenomena and measurement technology. Therefore, new approaches for the evaluation of the pitting corrosion susceptibility of stainless steel surfaces in the laboratory as well as in the field are necessary. In the present paper two novel strategies including electrochemical noise measurements under anodic polarization for laboratory testing, and an indicator test to assess the susceptibility of stainless steel surfaces to pitting corrosion in the field are introduced. Experimental results concerning the influence of surface treatments on the pitting corrosion resistance on stainless steels have confirmed that final surface condition has a significant effect on their future pitting corrosion susceptibility. In addition, the pitting corrosion resistance of stainless steel surfaces was observed being specifically dependent on the achieved surface topography and in some cases independent on the roughness parameters of the surface. KW - Electrochemical noise KW - Pitting corrosion KW - Stainless steel KW - Surface treatments PY - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.201206749 SN - 0947-5117 SN - 1521-4176 VL - 64 IS - 8 SP - 675 EP - 682 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-29011 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sarmiento Klapper, Helmuth A1 - Heyn, Andreas A1 - Burkert, Andreas A1 - Göllner, J. T1 - The effect of passive layer stability on electrochemical noise signals arising from pitting corrosion of stainless steels N2 - Electrochemical noise (EN) enables corrosion research and monitoring in real time and with high sensitivity. In the case of submicroscopic nucleation events of pitting corrosion it has been observed that the cathodic process plays a decisive role in the mechanism as well as in the origin of EN signals, which depend not only on the metallic dissolution reaction but also on the electron-consuming process. EN signals arising from the nucleation process of localized corrosion on stainless steels can only be recorded due to the inhibition effect on the cathodic process achieved by the spontaneous formation of the passive layer. In consequence, passive layer stability becomes a significant factor in influencing EN signals. The way in which the passive layer stability affects the acquisition and analysis of EN signals arising from pitting corrosion on stainless steels is discussed in detail. KW - Cathodic reaction KW - Electrochemical noise KW - Pitting corrosion KW - Stainless steel PY - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.201206739 SN - 0947-5117 SN - 1521-4176 VL - 64 IS - 8 SP - 671 EP - 674 PB - Wiley-VCH Verl. CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-29071 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Bäßler, Ralph A1 - Burkert, Andreas A1 - Saadat, A. A1 - Kirchheiner, R. A1 - Finke, M. T1 - Evaluation of corrosion resistance of materials for geothermal applications T2 - NACE International corrosion conference 2009 CY - Atlanta, Georgia, USA DA - 2009-03-22 KW - Stainless steel KW - Ni-alloy KW - Ti-alloy KW - Geothermal KW - Corrosion PY - 2009 SP - 1 EP - 20 (Paper 09377) AN - OPUS4-19249 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fischer, Joachim A1 - Burkert, Andreas A1 - Mietz, Jürgen T1 - Case studies of stainless steel corrsoion in indoor swimming pool environments N2 - In indoor swimming pools stainless steels are used not only due to structural and economic reasons but also due to aesthetic considerations. And therefore not only safety relevant load bearing components have to fulfil their tasks but also the visual appearance should be free of any staining. In a lot of cases basic requirements (e.g. design criteria, material selection and maintenance) being essential parts of technical regulations were not taken into account. Typical case studies with explanation of the cause of the corrosion problems and possibilities to prevent them are shown in the present paper. KW - Stainless steel KW - Atmospheric corrosion KW - Indoor swimming pools PY - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1179/174327809X409150 SN - 1478-422X VL - 46 IS - 1 SP - 76 EP - 79 PB - Maney Publishing CY - London, UK AN - OPUS4-23287 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Babutzka, Martin A1 - Lehmann, Jens A1 - Burkert, Andreas T1 - The KorroPad - A novel test method for assessing the pitting corrosion susceptibility of stainless steel surfaces N2 - Pitting corrosion is one of the most common mechanisms of local passivity breakdown on stainless steels. Electrochemical methods have preferentially been applied for the evaluation of pitting corrosion resistance of stainless steels in laboratory. Nevertheless, some of them are not reliable enough and in general the application of electrochemical methods in the field becomes difficult because of a required deep understanding of corrosion phenomena and measurement technology. A new approach for the evaluation of the pitting corrosion susceptibility of stainless Steel surfaces in the laboratory as well as in the field is frequently demanded by representatives of the metalworking industry. Therefore, the KorroPad-test was invented and patented as part of a research project at the BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing in Germany. T2 - EUROCORR 2015 - European corrosion congress CY - Graz, Austria DA - 06.09.2015 KW - KorroPad KW - Pitting corrosion KW - Stainless steel PY - 2015 SP - Paper 5_730, 1 AN - OPUS4-34297 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mietz, Jürgen A1 - Burkert, Andreas T1 - Selection and Durability of Stainless Steels for Civil Engineering N2 - Due to the large number of stainless steels with different chemical composition and different microstructure the selection of the suitable material represents a huge challenge. In order to facilitate the appropriate grade selection, in the current European standard EN 1993-1-4 a procedure is defined based on the use of a look-up table considering the key variables that influence the selection of stainless steels. The table uses descriptions that competent designers should be able to readily understand or define without prior knowledge. The output from the look-up table is used to select alloys based on a Corrosion Resistance Class (CRC) from I to V. The advantage of this approach is that the designer simply specifies the relevant CRC and does not need to consider in detail which of the many (very similar) alloys to specify. KW - Corrosion resistance KW - Stainless steel KW - Civil engineering KW - Atmospheric corrosion PY - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.843 SN - 1662-9795 VL - 843 SP - 125 EP - 131 PB - Trans Tech Publications Ltd, CY - Switzerland AN - OPUS4-50831 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lehmann, Jens A1 - Burkert, Andreas A1 - Mietz, Jürgen T1 - Investigations proofing the passive layer stability of stainless steels N2 - The presented investigations have proved the principal suitability of the KorroPad method to assess the passive layer stability of stainless steels. The electrochemical mode of action could be described in detail and limitations of the applicability have been demonstrated. The influence of different surface finishes has been investigated and verified by known methods for describing corrosion resistances. As a result, the increased corrosion susceptibility of two ground surfaces has been detected, but also the corrosion resistance of further surface finishes could be confirmed. KW - Stainless steel KW - KorroPad KW - Passive layer PY - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.201408202 VL - 1 IS - 67 SP - 84 EP - 91 PB - WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA CY - Weinheim AN - OPUS4-35545 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -