TY - CONF A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Seeger, Stefan A1 - Brödner, Doris A1 - Erdmann, Kerstin A1 - Rasch, Fabian T1 - Chemical characterization of ultra-fine particles released from laser printers N2 - 11 laser printers from 5 manufacturers were purchased in 2017 and tested for their UFP emissions. Size resolved sampling of the emitted particles was done with a 13 stage (30 nm to 10 µm) low pressure cascade impactor. The sampled particles were analysed for their chemical composition by thermal extraction (vaporization at 290°C) followed by GC-MS analysis. High boiling cyclic siloxanes (D10 to D16) were detected as constituents of UFP from laser printers. In comparison to measurements in 2008, aliphatic long-chain alkanes (C22 to C34) were detected additionally as chemical constituents of UFP from most of the tested printers and their amounts were higher than for cyclic siloxanes. Printers of one manufacturer showed very low UPF emissions compared to the other manufacturers. T2 - Indoor Air Conference 2022 CY - Kuopio, Finland DA - 12.06.2022 KW - UFP KW - Thermal extraction KW - Cascade impactor PY - 2022 SP - 1 EP - 4 AN - OPUS4-55106 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Seeger, Stefan A1 - Brödner, Doris A1 - Jacobi, T. A1 - Rasch, Fabian A1 - Rothhardt, Monika A1 - Wilke, Olaf T1 - Emissions of fine and ultrafine particles and volatile organic compounds from different filament materials operated on a low-cost 3D printer T1 - Emissionen feiner und ultrafeiner Partikel sowie flüchtiger organischer Verbindungen beim Einsatz verschiedener Filamentmaterialien in einem „low-cost“-3D-Drucker N2 - 3D-printing or additive manufacturing has many promising and unique advantages. Especially low cost molten polymer Deposition Printers are increasingly populär in the private and educational sector. Their environmental friendliness can be questioned due to recently reported ultrafine particle and suspected VOC emissions, To further investigate 3D-printing as a potential indoor air pollution source we characterized fine and ultrafine particle emissions from a molten polymer deposition printer producing a 3D object with ten marketable polymer filament materials under controlled conditions in a test chamber. VOC emissions from the filaments have also been compared. Using a straightforward emission model time dependent and averaged particle emission rates were determined. The results indicate that under comparable conditions some filament materials produce mainly ultrafine particles up to an average rate of 1013 per minute. This value is in the upper ränge of typical indoor ultrafine particle sources (e.g. Smoking, frying, candle light, laser printer). The observed material-specific rates differ by five Orders of magnitude. Filament-specific gaseous emissions of organic compounds such as bisphenol A, styrene and others were also detected. Our results suggest a detailed evaluation of related risks and considering protective measures such as housing and filtering. N2 - 3D-Druck oder additive Herstellungsverfahren haben eine Menge vielversprechender und einzigartiger Vorteile. Insbesondere günstige 3D-Drucker für Polymere werden im privaten und ausbildenden Bereich zunehmend beliebter. Ihre Umweltfreundlichkeit kann aufgrund jüngst berichteter Emissionen ultrafeiner Partikel und vermuteter VOC-Emissionen infrage gestellt werden. Um 3D-Drucker für Polymere als mögliche Quelle von Innenraumluftverunreinigungen weiter zu untersuchen, charakterisierten wir die Emissionen feiner und ultrafeiner Partikel bei der Herstellung eines 3D-Objekts unter Verwendung zehn marktgängiger Polymerfilamente unter kontrollierten Bedingungen in einer Emissionsprüfkammer. Die VOC-Emissionen der verschiedenen Filamente wurden ebenfalls verglichen. Die zeitabhängigen und gemittelten Partikelemissionsraten wurden durch Anwendung eines einfachen Emissionsmodells bestimmt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass unter vergleichbaren Bedingungen einige Filamente mit einer mittleren Rate von 10 KW - Emission KW - Ultrafine particles KW - VOC KW - 3D printer PY - 2018 SN - 0949-8036 SN - 0039-0771 VL - 78 IS - 3 SP - 79 EP - 87 PB - Springer-VDI-Verl. CY - Düsseldorf AN - OPUS4-44954 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Mull, Birte A1 - Horn, Wolfgang A1 - Brödner, Doris A1 - Mölders, N. A1 - Renner, M. T1 - Reproducibly emitting reference material on thermoplastic polyurethane basis for quality assurance/quality control of emission test chamber measurements N2 - Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) are ubiquitous in the indoor air since they are emitted from materials used indoors. Investigations of these materials are mostly carried out in emission test chambers under controlled climatic conditions. Reference materials are an important tool for quality assurance/Quality control of emission test chamber measurements but so far they are not commercially available. In this study, a new approach was tested to develop an appropriate reference material with homogenous and reproducible emission of the VOC with well measurable air concentrations in emission test Chambers larger than 20 L at air change rates of 0.5 - 1 /h. Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) was selected as Matrix material which was impregnated with 2,2,4- trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate (texanol) as test VOC using compressed carbon dioxide. An optimization of the impregnation parameters such as temperature, pressure, time, VOC injection volume and TPU sample size was performed until the targeted area specific Emission rate (SERa) value was reached. Further aspects like process control, storage effects and correlation of the sample size to the emission rate were investigated. It was found that the SERa immediately after sample preparation were not reproducible between the batches but became unified 10 days after loading into the test chamber indicating the necessity of aging before use. SERa between 13,000 and 18,000 mg m-2 h-1 were obtained, and the impregnated materials could be well stored in aluminum-coated polyethylene foil for at least seven weeks without significant losses. Furthermore, the impregnation of styrene and the SVOC 2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene was tested. KW - Reference material KW - Emissions testing KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Polymer material KW - CO2 assisted impregnation PY - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.06.005 SN - 0360-1323 SN - 1873-684X VL - 122 SP - 230 EP - 236 PB - Elsevier AN - OPUS4-40646 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Horn, Wolfgang A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Mull, B. A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Brödner, Doris A1 - Mölders, N. A1 - Renner, M. T1 - Reproducibly emitting reference material for quality assurance/quality control of emission test chamber measurements N2 - Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) are ubiquitous in the indoor air, since they emit from materials used indoors. Investigations of these materials are mostly carried out in test chambers under controlled climatic conditions. Quality control of these test chamber measurements is important but there is a lack of commercially available homogenous reference materials as required for round robin tests or quality assurance of laboratories. The approach of the present study is the impregnation of a supporting material with VOC, which are reproducibly released in measurable chamber air concentrations under standardised test conditions. A polymer made of Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) was chosen as carrier material. It was impregnated with the VOC trimethyl pentanediol isobutyrat (texanol). T2 - Healthy Buildings 2017 Europe CY - Lublin, Poland DA - 02.07.2017 KW - Emissions testing KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Polymeric material KW - CO2 assisted impregnation PY - 2017 SN - 978-83-7947-232-1 SP - Paper 0172, 1 EP - 2 AN - OPUS4-42348 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mull, Birte A1 - Sauerwald, T. A1 - Schultealbert, C. A1 - Horn, Wolfgang A1 - Brödner, Doris A1 - Richter, Matthias T1 - Reproducibly emitting reference materials for volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds—using finite element modeling for emission predictions N2 - Recent research into emissions of (semi-)volatile organic compounds [(S)VOC] from solid materials has focused on the development of suitable reference materials for quality assurance/quality control of emission test chamber measurements, which fulfill requirements such as homogenous and reproducible (S)VOC release. The approach of this study was to find a method for preparation of a material with predictable (S)VOC emission rates. AVOC (styrene) and an SVOC (2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene, DIPN), loaded into either vacuum grease or a 1:1 mixture of paraffin/squalane, have been tested. For the prediction of the emission rates, a model using the finite element method (FEM) was created to simulate the (S)VOC emission profiles. Theoretical and experimental results obtained in a Micro-Chamber/Thermal Extractor (μ-CTE™) and in 24 L emission test chamber measurements were in good agreement. Further properties were investigated concerning the material applicability, such as shelf life and inter-laboratory comparability. The maximum relative standard deviation in the inter-laboratory study was found to be 20%. KW - Emitting reference material KW - Emission test chamber KW - Micro-chamber KW - FEM model PY - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-017-0508-6 SN - 1873-9318 SN - 1873-9326 VL - 10 IS - 10 SP - 1237 EP - 1246 PB - Springer Science+Business Media B.V. AN - OPUS4-41951 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Mull, Birte A1 - Sauerwald, T. A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Horn, Wolfgang A1 - Brödner, Doris A1 - Schultealbert, C. T1 - Development of a reproducibly emitting reference material for volatile organic compounds N2 - The aim of this study is the development of a reproducibly emitting reference material for volatile organic compounds (VOC). The first part of the work was carried out with styrene, for which supporting materials were successfully selected, doped and analyzed in test chambers. T2 - Indoor Air 2016 The 14th international conference of Indoor Air Quality and Climate CY - Ghent, Belgium DA - 03.07.2016 KW - Quality control KW - Emission test chamber KW - Indoor air KW - Quality assurance PY - 2016 SN - 978-0-9846855-5-4 AN - OPUS4-36849 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Wiegner, Katharina A1 - Scheffer, Harald A1 - Brödner, Doris A1 - Kalus, Sabine T1 - Determination of the emissions of volatile organic compounds from oriented strand boards and evaluation by the German AgBB scheme N2 - There has been an increasing use of oriented strand boards (OSBs) for the construction of floors, ceilings and walls of buildings. In Germany and other European countries, OSBs are mainly produced from pine wood (Pinus sylvestris). In response to complaints about the odour and irritation of mucous membranes in connection with the use of OSBs, samples of OSBs were bought from do-it-yourself stores to test their volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions by using emission test chambers. The boards emitted predominantly monoterpenes, aldehydes, acids and acetone. Aldehydes are generated during the production process by the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid. Pine wood, compared with other wood species, contains more unsaturated fatty acids. Of the six acquired OSBs, four boards from three manufacturers would not meet the requirements of the German AgBB (Ausschuss zur gesundheitlichen Bewertung von Bauprodukten, Committee for Health Evaluation of Building Products), mainly because of the emissions of unsaturated aldehydes. These compounds have low LCI values (lowest concentration of interest) and are therefore problematic substances based on a health-related evaluation of building products according to the AgBB scheme. KW - Oriented strand board KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Unsaturated aldehydes KW - Pine wood KW - Emission test chamber KW - AgBB scheme PY - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1420326X13504121 SN - 1420-326X SN - 1423-0070 VL - 23 IS - 7 SP - 1050 EP - 1054 PB - Karger CY - Basel ; München [u.a.] AN - OPUS4-32063 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Brödner, Doris T1 - Emission study of furniture boards for the next version of the German eco label 'Blue Angel' for wood and wooden products (RAL-UZ 38) T2 - Healthy Buildings 2012 - 10th International conference CY - Brisbane, Australia DA - 2012-07-08 KW - Certification/labelling KW - Sources/emissions KW - VOC KW - Emission studies KW - Healthy homes and buildings PY - 2012 SN - 978-1-921897-40-5 SP - 1 EP - 2 (1D.8) AN - OPUS4-27559 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wiegner, Katharina A1 - Brödner, Doris A1 - Horn, Wolfgang T1 - Correlation of aldehyde emissions and fatty acids content in pine wood and oriented strand boards N2 - Indoor air quality is important for human health and comfort. To ensure good indoor air quality contamination by volatile organic compounds (VOC) should be minimised. The aim of the project is the reduction of unsaturated aldehydes which can emit from oriented Strand boards (OSB): These aldehydes have an impact on the health based evaluation of emissions from products for indoor use according to the AgBB (Ausschuss zur gesundheitlichen Bewertung von Bauprodukten, Committee for Health Evaluation of Building Products) scheine (AgBB 2010). The model OSB were produced in a pilot plant using well known raw materials (Pinus sylvestris at different trunk heights) under using various processing parameters (Wilke et al. 2011). OSB emit predominantly monoterpenes and aldehydes. Aldehydes are oxidation products of fatty acids in wood. The conditions which affect the oxidation process are the fatty acid concentration and composition, the oxygen content, the sample surface and the presence of compounds which indicate, inhibit or stop the oxidation respectively. The oxidation rate rises with an increasing number of double bounds in the fatty acid, e.g. the oxidation rate between oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid correspond to 1:12:24. One of the most important products of fatty acid oxidation is hexanal. It is generated during the oxidation of linoleic acid. This study shows a direct correlation between aldehyde emission and oxidation, hexanal can be used as an indicator for oxidation. T2 - Indoor Air 2011, 12th International conference on indoor air quality and climate CY - Austin, TX, USA DA - 05.06.2011 KW - VOCs KW - Oxidation products KW - Fatty acid KW - Saturated and unsaturated aldehyde KW - Hexanal PY - 2011 IS - Paper 768 SP - 1 EP - 2 AN - OPUS4-23878 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Wiegner, Katharina A1 - Scheffer, Harald A1 - Brödner, Doris T1 - VOC-Emissions from Plywood boards N2 - Wood and wood products are often used as construction material for buildings and even more for furniture and indoor decoration. Therefore Chemical emissions from wood have an influence on the indoor air quality. A research project financed by the Federal Environmental Agency focused on VOC emissions from oriented Strand boards (OSB) and also from plywood made from pine and spruce (Wilke et al., 2011a). This paper shows results of the plywood testing because only little information is available about plywood emission behaviour and its impact on indoor air quality. T2 - Indoor Air 2011, 12th International conference on indoor air quality and climate CY - Austin, TX, USA DA - 05.06.2011 KW - VOC-Emission KW - Plywood KW - Terpenes KW - Aldehydes KW - Indoor air quality PY - 2011 IS - Paper 768 SP - 1 EP - 2 AN - OPUS4-23885 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wiegner, Katharina A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Jann, Oliver A1 - Brödner, Doris A1 - Scheffer, Harald A1 - Kalus, Sabine A1 - Till, Carola T1 - Study on VOC-Emissions from Oriented Strand Boards (OSB) T2 - Healthy buildings 2009 - 9th International conference & exhibition CY - Syracuse, NY, USA DA - 2009-09-13 KW - Volatile organic compound (VOC) KW - Aldehyde KW - Antioxidant KW - Wood KW - Oriented strand boards (OSB) PY - 2009 IS - Paper 247 SP - 1 EP - 4 CY - Syracuse, NY, USA AN - OPUS4-19928 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Horn, Wolfgang A1 - Jann, Oliver A1 - Brödner, Doris A1 - Till, Carola T1 - Application of a new gas mixing device to test adsorptive wall materials N2 - With a gas mixing system (GMS) developed in our laboratory we created a gas mixture of four substances. Adsorptive wall materials of four different compositions were exposed to this gas mixture, consisting of 1-pentanol, hexanal, butyl acetate and n-decane. Aim of this study was to scrutinize the ability of these samples to reduce the concentration of the supplied gas. This capacity is expressed in the sorption flux F or area specific adsorption rate respectively. The test was performed referring to a draft of ISO 16000-24. T2 - Healthy buildings 2009 - 9th International conference & exhibition CY - Syracuse, NY, USA DA - 2009-09-13 KW - Gas mixing device KW - Adsorptive wall material KW - Sorption flux PY - 2009 IS - Paper 259 SP - 1 EP - 2 CY - Syracuse, NY, USA AN - OPUS4-20126 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Horn, Wolfgang A1 - Jann, Oliver A1 - Kalus, Sabine A1 - Brödner, Doris A1 - Juritsch, Elevtheria A1 - Till, Carola A1 - Kirchner, D. T1 - European interlaboratory study for sampling VOC emissions - Step 3 - Emission test chamber measurements T2 - Healthy buildings 2009 - 9th International conference & exhibition CY - Syracuse, NY, USA DA - 2009-09-13 KW - VOC emission KW - Emission test chamber KW - Round robin test KW - Construction products KW - Tenax thermal desorption PY - 2009 IS - Paper 343 SP - 1 EP - 4 CY - Syracuse, NY, USA AN - OPUS4-20093 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Horn, Wolfgang A1 - Jann, Oliver A1 - Kalus, Sabine A1 - Brödner, Doris A1 - Juritsch, Elevtheria A1 - Süßmilch, C. A1 - Kirchner, D. T1 - European interlaboratory study for sampling VOC emissions - Step 2 - Sampling with Tenax tubes at an emission test chamber T2 - Indoor Air 2008, August 17-22, 2008 CY - Copenhagen, Denmark DA - 2008-08-17 KW - VOC KW - Tenax thermal desorption KW - Emission test chamber KW - Proficiency testing KW - Interlaboratory study PY - 2008 IS - Paper ID: 238 SP - 1 AN - OPUS4-17864 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Seeger, Stefan A1 - Bresch, Harald A1 - Brödner, Doris A1 - Juritsch, Elevtheria A1 - Jann, Oliver T1 - Sampling and characterisation of ultra fine particles released from laser printers T2 - Indoor Air 2008, August 17-22, 2008 CY - Copenhagen, Denmark DA - 2008-08-17 KW - Aerosol KW - Ultra fine particle KW - Laser printer KW - Cyclosiloxanes PY - 2008 IS - Paper ID: 239 SP - 1 AN - OPUS4-17865 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Torge, Manfred A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Brödner, Doris T1 - Effects of emissions of materials for wrapping, transportation and storage on stained glass windows and on glass objects in show cases in museums N2 - The emission of volatile organic compounds (VOC) of materials for wrapping, transportation and storage of stained glass windows were investigated by direct thermal desorption. The analysis was performed with thermal desorption in combination with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Emissions of organic acids were determined. The damage risk of volatile organic compounds, e.g. organic acids as acetic acid, propanoic acid, hexanoic acid and octanoic acid was investigated on model glasses in climate chambers. After exposure the surface of the most sensitive samples was damaged. Based on emission measurements in exhibit cases of the former museum "Grünes Gewölbe in the Albertinum" in Dresden, Germany, the atmospheric conditions inside the show cases were determined. It can be shown that the atmospheric conditions inside the cases endanger the glass and enamel objects of art especially in show cases with low air exchange rates. Materials with high emission rates of organic acids should not be in direct contact with medieval glass for a long time and should not be used in exhibit cases. Acid emissions, especially acetic acid plays an important role during investigation of different materials for show cases and can be determined by direct thermal desorption. T2 - Art 2008, 9th International Conference CY - Jerusalem, Israel DA - 2008-05-25 KW - Emissionen KW - Volatile Organic Compounds KW - Glas KW - Medieval staind glass PY - 2008 UR - http://www.ndt.net/article/art2008/papers/059Torge.pdf IS - CD-ROM SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - ISAS International Seminars CY - Jerusalem, Israel AN - OPUS4-17600 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - CONF A1 - Horn, Wolfgang A1 - Jann, Oliver A1 - Kalus, Sabine A1 - Brödner, Doris A1 - Juritsch, Elevtheria ED - de Oliveira, F. ED - Gameiro da Silva, M. ED - Pinto, R. T1 - Classification of OSB Emissions Assessed with a German Evaluation Scheme T2 - 8th International Conference "Healthy Buildings" CY - Lisboa, Portugal DA - 2006-06-04 KW - Construction product KW - VOC emission KW - Odour KW - Chamber test KW - AgBB-Scheme KW - OSB PY - 2006 VL - 4 SP - 59 EP - 62 PB - Universidade do Porto CY - Lissabon AN - OPUS4-12448 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Jann, Oliver A1 - Brödner, Doris T1 - Fast and reliable determination of emissions from carpet adhesives PY - 2005 UR - http://www.gerstel.com/magazine_solution_05.htm SN - 1619-0076 IS - 5 SP - 4 EP - 5 CY - Mülheim an der Ruhr AN - OPUS4-7323 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Horn, Wolfgang A1 - Gellert, R. A1 - Jann, Oliver A1 - Kalus, Sabine A1 - Brödner, Doris T1 - Emission tests on thermal insulation products with the intention to implement these tests into EN standards T2 - Indoor Air 2005 CY - Beijing, PR China DA - 2005-09-04 KW - Bauprodukte KW - Emissionen KW - Dämmstoffe KW - Kammerverfahren KW - VOC KW - EN-Standards KW - Insulation material KW - VOC emission KW - Chamber copmparison KW - Construction products directive KW - AgBB-scheme PY - 2005 SN - 7-89494-830-6 IS - 2 SP - 1886 EP - 1890 PB - Tsinghua University Press CY - Beijing AN - OPUS4-7612 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Jann, Oliver A1 - Brödner, Doris A1 - Rother, Ingrid T1 - Comparison of different types of emission test chambers and cells regarding VOC- and SVOC-emission T2 - Indoor Air 2005 CY - Beijing, PR China DA - 2005-09-04 KW - Emission KW - Chamber KW - Cell KW - Building product KW - VOC KW - SVOC PY - 2005 SN - 7-89494-830-6 IS - 2 SP - 6 pages PB - Tsinghua University Press CY - Beijing AN - OPUS4-11075 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Horn, Wolfgang A1 - Müller, B. A1 - Jann, Oliver A1 - Kasche, J. A1 - Däumling, C. A1 - Kalus, Sabine A1 - Brödner, Doris T1 - Emission and odour measurement of construction products evaluated using a german construction product evaluation scheme T2 - Indoor Air 2005 CY - Beijing, PR China DA - 2005-09-04 KW - AgBB-Scheme KW - Construction product KW - VOC emission KW - Odour KW - Chamber test PY - 2005 SN - 7-89494-830-6 IS - 2 SP - 2129 EP - 2133 PB - Tsinghua University Press CY - Beijing AN - OPUS4-10913 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Jann, Oliver A1 - Brödner, Doris T1 - VOC- and SVOC-Emissions from Adhesives, Floor Coverings and Complete Floor Structures N2 - Emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and semivolatile organic compounds (SVOC) from materials for flooring installation (primer, screed, adhesive, floor covering) were measured by means of emission test chambers and cells over a time period of at least 28 days at 23 °C, 50% relative humidity and an area specific air flow rate of q = 1.25 m3/m2 h. Single components were tested in comparison to three complete structures (same concrete, primer, screed, adhesive) with different types of floor covering (PVC, carpet, linoleum). Sorption into concrete/screed and different permeability of flooring materials affected the emissions from the complete structures. The complete structures with linoleum and PVC showed the same types of emission and emission rates as the individual floor coverings themselves. Emissions from the carpet-covered structure resulted also from the lower layers. In all cases emissions from the complete structures were lower than the sum of emissions from the single components. For two adhesives the formation of secondary emissions (aldehydes and organic acids) was observed starting after the standard testing time of 28 days. PY - 2004 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00314.x SN - 0905-6947 SN - 1600-0668 VL - 14 IS - Suppl. 8 SP - 96 EP - 105 PB - Danish Techn. Pr. CY - Copenhagen AN - OPUS4-5048 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Jann, Oliver A1 - Rockstroh, Jens A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Noske, Reinhard A1 - Brödner, Doris A1 - Schneider, Uwe A1 - Horn, Wolfgang T1 - Development of a Test Method for and Investigation into Limiting the Emissions from Printers and Copiers within the Framework of Assigning the Environmental Label (Research Report 201 95 311/02 / UBA-FB 00,510E) N2 - Kurzfassung An neun verschiedenen Hardcopygeräten wurden in unterschiedlichen Emissionsmesskammern (zwei verschiedene 1 m³ - Kammern und eine 20 m³ - Kammer) in Kombination mit geeigneten Probenahme- und Analysenverfahren Untersuchungen zum Emissionsverhalten dieser Geräte hinsichtlich Staub, Ozon und VOC (TVOC) durchgeführt. Luftprobenahme und Analytik erfolgten für VOC mittels Tenax TA und anschließender Thermodesorption (TDS) in Verbindung mit GC / MS. Ozon wurde kontinuierlich bestimmt. Der Ozonanalysator arbeitete auf der Grundlage der flammenlosen Reaktion von Ozon mit Ethylen nach dem Prinzip der Chemilumineszenz. Die Staubbestimmung erfolgte gravimetrisch mittels Glasfaserfilter und Ultramikrowaage. Zusätzlich wurde die Partikelemission während des Druckbetriebes mit einem Partikelzähler bestimmt. Aufgrund der technischen Rahmenbedingungen standen nur kurze Druckzeiten von maximal 36 Minuten zur Verfügung. Um die Gleichgewichtskonzentration in der Prüfkammer zu erreichen, wurde die Luftaustauschrate in den 1 m³ - Kammern auf n = 4,0 bis 4,7 pro Stunde erhöht. Zusätzlich zur Prüfung in den Emissionsmesskammern sind verschiedene Papiere mittels Direkt - TDS sowie unter- schiedliche Toner mittels Headspaceprobenahme in Kombination mit GC / MS hinsichtlich ihres Emissionsverhaltens untersucht worden. Für die untersuchten Geräte wurden Emissionsraten ermittelt. Sie betrugen für TVOC 0,41 bis 22,4 mg pro Stück und Stunde, für Ozon kleiner 0,02 bis 4,6 mg pro Stück und Stunde sowie für Staub 0,10 bis 7,63 mg pro Stück und Stunde. Verglichen mit Frischfaserpapier wurden bei den Untersuchungen mit Recyclingpapier deutlich höhere SVOC - Konzentrationen nachgewiesen. Im Ergebnis der Untersuchungen wurde ein Prüfverfahren entwickelt, das die Basis für Emissionsmessungen im Rahmen der Umweltzeichen RAL –UZ 62, RAL –UZ 85 sowie des neuen RAL –UZ 114 für Multifunktionsgeräte darstellt. Abstract The emission behaviour with regard to dust, ozone and VOC (TVOC) of nine different hardcopy devices in combination with suitable air sampling and analysis procedures was investigated in different emission test chambers (two different 1 m³ - chambers and one 20 m³ - chamber). Air sampling and analysis for VOC were done by means of Tenax TA and subsequent thermal desorption (TDS) in connection with GC / MS. Ozone was determined continuously. The ozone analyser worked on the basis of the flame rid reaction of ozone with ethylene according to the principle of chemiluminescence. The dust determination was done gravimetrically by means of glass fibre filter and an ultra micro - balance. Additional the particle emission during the printing process was measured with a particle counter. The general technical conditions of the tested hardcopy devices were the reason for short printing times with a maximum of 36 minutes. In order to achieve the equilibrium concentration in the test chambers the air exchange rate in the 1 m³ - test chambers had to be increased to a value of n = 4,0 to 4,7 per hour. Additional to the examination of the hardcopy devices in the emission test chambers different papers were investi- gated by means of direct - TDS and different toners were tested by means of head space sampling in combination with GC / MS. For the examined hardcopy devices emission rates were determined. The emission rates for TVOC ranged from 0,41 to 22,4 mg per piece and hour, for ozone from less than 0,02 to 4,6 mg per piece and hour and for dust from 0,10 to 7,63 mg per piece and hour. The comparison between recycling paper and paper produced from primary fibres showed in general higher SVOC emissions from recycling paper. As the result of the investigations a test method for the determination of emissions from hardcopy devices was developed. This test method is the basis for emission tests in the framework of the German Award of the Environmental Label for office devices RAL -UZ 62, RAL -UZ 85 and the new RAL -UZ 114 for multifunctional devices. KW - Emissions KW - VOC KW - Ozone KW - Dust KW - Hardcopy device KW - Printers KW - Copiers KW - Emission test chamber KW - Environmental label PY - 2003 UR - http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/publikationen/development-of-a-test-method-for-an-investigation SN - 1862-4804 SN - 0722-186X IS - 88 SP - 1 EP - 159 PB - Umweltbundesamt CY - Dessau-Roßlau AN - OPUS4-7277 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rockstroh, Jens A1 - Jann, Oliver A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Noske, Reinhard A1 - Brödner, Doris A1 - Schneider, Uwe A1 - Horn, Wolfgang ED - Wai, T. K. ED - Sekhar, C. ED - Cheong, D. T1 - Investigations on VOC, ozone and dust emissions from hardcopy devices (laser printers, copiers and multifunctional devices) in test chambers - development of a test method T2 - 7th Healthy Buildings Conference ; HB 2003 ; ISIAQ international conference CY - Singapore, Republic of Singapore DA - 2003-12-07 KW - Emissions KW - Printers KW - Copiers KW - VOC KW - Dust KW - Ozone KW - Blue Angel PY - 2003 SN - 981-049974-4 VL - 1 SP - 397 EP - 403 CY - Singapore AN - OPUS4-3315 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Jann, Oliver A1 - Brödner, Doris ED - Wai, T. K. ED - Sekhar, C. ED - Cheong, D. T1 - VOC and SVOC Contribution of Papers for Hardcopy Devices to Indoor Air Pollution T2 - 7th Healthy Buildings Conference ; HB 2003 ; ISIAQ international conference CY - Singapore, Republic of Singapore DA - 2003-12-07 PY - 2003 SN - 981-049974-4 VL - 1 SP - 289 EP - 295 CY - Singapore AN - OPUS4-3377 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Jann, Oliver A1 - Brödner, Doris ED - Levin, H. T1 - VOC- and SVOC-Emissions from Adhesives, Floor Coverings and Complete Floor Structures N2 - VOC/SVOC-Emissions from materials for flooring installation (primer, screed, adhesive, floor covering) were measured by means of emission test chambers and cells over a time period of at least 28 days at 23 C, 50 % relative humidity and an area specific air flow rate of q = 1.25 m³/m²h. Single components were tested in comparison to three complete structures (same concrete, primer, screed, adhesive) with different types of floor covering (PVC, carpet, linoleum). Sorption into concrete/screed and different sealing by the flooring materials affected the emissions from the complete structures. The complete structures with linoleum and PVC showed the same emissions and emission rates as the flooring materials alone. Emissions from the carpet-covered structure resulted mainly from the lower layers. For two adhesives the formation of secondary emissions (aldehydes and organic acids) was observed starting after the standard testing time of 28 days. T2 - 9th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate CY - Monterey, CA, USA DA - 2002-06-30 KW - Test chambers KW - VOCs and SVOCs KW - Secondary emissions KW - Construction and renovation PY - 2002 UR - https://www.irbnet.de/daten/iconda/CIB6472.pdf SN - 0-9721832-0-5 VL - 1 SP - 962 EP - 967 PB - International Academy of Indoor Air Sciences CY - Santa Cruz, Calif. AN - OPUS4-2002 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Plehn, W. A1 - Jann, Oliver A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Brödner, Doris ED - Säteri, O. T1 - Eco-Label for low emission wood products and wood base products (RAL-UZ-38) - Part 1: Criteria and requirements for labeling T2 - Healthy Buildings 2000 Conference CY - Espoo, Finland DA - 2000-08-06 PY - 2000 SN - 952-5236-06-4 VL - 4 SP - 519 EP - 524 PB - SIY Indoor Air Information CY - Helsinki AN - OPUS4-7206 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jann, Oliver A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Brödner, Doris A1 - Plehn, W. ED - Säteri, O. T1 - Eco-Label for low emission wood products and wood base products (RAL-UZ-38) - Part 2: Test procedure and results T2 - Healthy Buildings 2000 Conference CY - Espoo, Finland DA - 2000-08-06 PY - 2000 SN - 952-5236-06-4 VL - 4 SP - 525 EP - 530 PB - SIY Indoor Air Information CY - Helsinki AN - OPUS4-7205 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Jann, Oliver A1 - Brödner, Doris ED - Säteri, O. T1 - Investigations on the emission behavior of low-emitting adhesives for flooring materials T2 - Healthy Buildings 2000 Conference CY - Espoo, Finland DA - 2000-08-06 PY - 2000 SN - 952-5236-06-4 VL - 4 SP - 391 EP - 396 PB - SIY Indoor Air Information CY - Helsinki AN - OPUS4-7207 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jann, Oliver A1 - Wilke, Olaf A1 - Brödner, Doris ED - Woods, J. ED - Grimsrud, D. ED - Boschi, N. T1 - Procedure for the determination and limitation of VOC-emissions from furnitures and coated wood based products T2 - Healthy Buildings/IAQ '97 ; ASHRAE Annual IAQ Conference ; 5th ISIAQ International Conference on Healthy Buildings CY - Bethesda, MD, USA DA - 1997-09-27 PY - 1997 SN - 0-929900-25-1 VL - 3 SP - 593 EP - 598 CY - Washington, DC AN - OPUS4-7237 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -