TY - JOUR A1 - Ringleb, F. A1 - Eylers, K. A1 - Teubner, T. A1 - Boeck, T. A1 - Symietz, Christian A1 - Bonse, Jörn A1 - Andree, Stefan A1 - Krüger, Jörg A1 - Heidmann, B. A1 - Schmid, M. A1 - Lux-Steiner, M. T1 - Regularly arranged indium islands on glass/molybdenum substrates upon femtosecond laser and physical vapor deposition processing JF - Applied Physics Letters N2 - A bottom-up approach is presented for the production of arrays of indium islands on a molybdenum layer on glass, which can serve as micro-sized precursors for indium compounds such as copper-indium-gallium-diselenide used in photovoltaics. Femtosecond laser ablation of glass and a subsequent deposition of a molybdenum film or direct laser processing of the molybdenum film both allow the preferential nucleation and growth of indium islands at the predefined locations in a following indium-based physical vapor deposition (PVD) process. A proper choice of laser and deposition parameters ensures the controlled growth of indium islands exclusively at the laser ablated spots. Based on a statistical analysis, these results are compared to the non-structured molybdenum surface, leading to randomly grown indium islands after PVD. KW - Femtosecond laser KW - Physical vapor deposition KW - Indium KW - Molybdenum substrate KW - Microconcentrator solar cell PY - 2016 DO - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4943794 SN - 0003-6951 VL - 108 IS - 11 SP - 111904-1 EP - 111904-4 AN - OPUS4-35602 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ringleb, F. A1 - Eylers, K. A1 - Teubner, T. A1 - Schramm, H.-P. A1 - Symietz, Christian A1 - Bonse, Jörn A1 - Andree, Stefan A1 - Heidmann, B. A1 - Schmid, M. A1 - Krüger, Jörg A1 - Boeck, T. T1 - Growth and shape of indium islands on molybdenum at micro-roughened spots created by femtosecond laser pulses JF - Applied Surface Science N2 - Indium islands on molybdenum coated glass can be grown in ordered arrays by surface structuring using a femtosecond laser. The effect of varying the molybdenum coated glass substrate temperature and the indium deposition rate on island areal density, volume and geometry is investigated and evaluated in a physical vapor deposition (PVD) process. The joined impact of growth conditions and spacing of the femtosecond laser structured spots on the arrangement and morphology of indium islands is demonstrated. The results yield a deeper understanding of the island growth and its precise adjustment to industrial requirements, which is indispensable for a technological application of such structures at a high throughput, for instance as precursors for the preparation of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 micro concentrator solar cells. KW - Indium islands KW - Femtosecond laser patterning KW - Diffusion KW - CIGSe micro solar cells PY - 2017 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169433216325764 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.11.135 SN - 0169-4332 SN - 1873-5584 VL - 418 SP - 548 EP - 553 PB - Elsevier B.V. CY - Amsterdam AN - OPUS4-40551 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -