TY - GEN A1 - Peplinski, Burkhard A1 - Kleeberg, R. A1 - Bergmann, J. A1 - Wenzel, J. ED - Andersson, Y. ED - Mittemeijer, E. ED - Welzel, U. T1 - Quantitative phase analysis using the Rietveld method - Estimates of accuracy and possible problems based on two interlaboratory comparisons T2 - 8th European Powder Diffraction Conference CY - Uppsala, Sweden DA - 2002-05-23 KW - Interlaboratory Comparison KW - Quantitative Phase Analysis QPA KW - Reference Materials KW - Refinement Strategy KW - Rietveld Analysis KW - Round Robin KW - Silicon Nitride PY - 2004 SN - 0-87849-935-0 SN - 0255-5476 N1 - Serientitel: Materials science forum – Series title: Materials science forum IS - 443-444 SP - 45 EP - 50 PB - Trans Tech Publ. CY - Uetikon-Zuerich AN - OPUS4-3532 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - de Souza Machado, A. A. A1 - Lau, C. W. A1 - Kloas, W. A1 - Bergmann, J. A1 - Bachelier, J. B. A1 - Faltin, E. A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Görlich, A. S. A1 - Rillig, M. C. T1 - Microplastics can change soil properties and affect plant performance N2 - Microplastics can affect biophysical properties of the soil. However, little is known about the cascade of events in fundamental levels of terrestrial ecosystems, i.e., starting with the changes in soil abiotic properties and propagating across the various components of soil−plant interactions, including soil microbial communities and plant traits. We investigated here the effects of six different microplastics (polyester fibers, polyamide beads, and four fragment types: polyethylene, polyester terephthalate, polypropylene, and polystyrene) on a broad suite of proxies for soil health and performance of spring onion (Allium fistulosum). Significant changes were observed in plant biomass, tissue elemental composition, root traits, and soil microbial activities. These plant and soil responses to microplastic exposure were used to propose a causal model for the mechanism of the effects. Impacts were dependent on particle type, i.e., microplastics with a shape similar to other natural soil particles elicited smaller differences from control. Changes in soil structure and water dynamics may explain the observed results in which polyester fibers and polyamide beads triggered the most pronounced impacts on plant traits and function. The findings reported here imply that the pervasive microplastic contamination in soil may have consequences for plant performance and thus for agroecosystems and terrestrial biodiversity. KW - Mikroplastik KW - Boden KW - Pflanzenwachstum PY - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b43-484181 SN - 0013-936X SN - 1520-5851 VL - 53 IS - 10 SP - 6044 EP - 6052 PB - ACS AN - OPUS4-48418 LA - eng AD - Bundesanstalt fuer Materialforschung und -pruefung (BAM), Berlin, Germany ER -